A flexible anti-collision device for offshore wind power generation and ship collision energy absorption

Abstract

The application provides a sea wind power flexible anti-collision device considering wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption, and belongs to the technical field of sea power generation equipment. The sea wind power flexible anti-collision device considering wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption comprises a fixing structure, a flexible air bag, an air flow pipeline, a PTO system, a control system and a punching and rebounding structure. The fixing structure is located at the lower side of a sea wind power pile surrounding platform and around a single pile foundation. The flexible air bags are distributed on the fixing structure in the form of an annular array, and the flexible air bags are in the shape of orange segments. Each flexible air bag is provided with an air hole at the top. The lower end of the air flow pipeline is connected with the air hole at the top of the flexible air bag, the air flow pipeline penetrates the pile surrounding platform vertically upward, the inside of the air flow pipeline is provided with an air turbine, and the top of the air flow pipeline is connected with the PTO system. The PTO system is arranged on the upper part of the pile surrounding platform. The punching device of the punching and rebounding structure is arranged on the upper part of the pile surrounding platform. The application can solve the problems of poor anti-collision performance and inability to cope with multiple collisions to cause damage to the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of offshore power generation equipment, and in particular relates to an offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption. Background Art

[0002] As the world vigorously promotes the transition to clean energy, offshore wind power, with its abundant resource reserves and its ability to avoid occupying land, has become a key development direction in the new energy sector. As the scale of offshore wind power facilities continues to expand, monopile foundations, due to their simple structure and convenient construction, are widely used in offshore wind power construction to support offshore wind turbines. However, offshore wind power faces two key challenges in its development: safety and efficient energy utilization.

[0003] In terms of safety, offshore wind turbine monopile foundations face the risk of accidental ship collisions. The complex maritime traffic environment allows ships to deviate from their course and collide with wind turbine foundations due to factors such as inclement weather, equipment failure, and human error. Such collisions can cause severe damage to the monopile foundation structure and, in extreme cases, cause the wind turbine to collapse. This not only results in significant economic losses but also impacts the stable power supply of offshore wind turbines, threatens the safety of offshore workers, and harms the marine ecosystem. Current conventional offshore wind turbine collision avoidance measures rely on rigid protective structures, such as concrete crash barriers and steel crash rings. These rigid structures are effective against small vessel collisions, but their limited cushioning and energy absorption capacity makes them ineffective in protecting wind turbine foundations from high-speed impacts by larger vessels. Furthermore, rigid structures are heavy, difficult to install, expensive to maintain, and have low reusability. More importantly, existing collision avoidance device designs focus solely on safety, neglecting the ocean's wave energy resources and failing to convert them into electricity, resulting in energy waste.

[0004] From the perspective of energy utilization, wind energy and wave energy in the marine environment have a coexisting characteristic. In open waters, high wind speeds are usually accompanied by high-intensity waves. This correlation provides favorable conditions for the combined power generation of wind and wave energy. The combined power generation model can fully utilize marine space resources and achieve stable power output under different meteorological conditions. When the wind is weak, wave energy can be used as a supplementary energy source to drive power generation; when the wind is strong, the two working together can significantly improve power generation efficiency and fully tap the potential of marine energy. However, most offshore wind power facilities currently focus only on wind power generation, and wave energy is not fully utilized. In addition, wind and wave energy power generation systems are independent of each other and lack an efficient coordination mechanism, resulting in the underdevelopment of marine energy. Existing wind and wave combined power generation devices rarely have anti-collision functions and a single supporting structure, resulting in low safety. They are not equipped to deal with ship collisions and it is difficult to avoid secondary collision accidents that may damage the device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the application provides a flexible anti-collision device for offshore wind power generation and ship collision energy absorption, which can solve the problems of lack of efficient cooperation, poor anti-collision performance and inability to cope with multiple collisions of the existing wave and wind combined power generation device.

[0006] The application is implemented as follows:

[0007] The application provides a flexible anti-collision device for offshore wind power generation and ship collision energy absorption, which comprises a fixed structure, a flexible air bag, an airflow pipeline, a PTO system, a control system and a pumping rebound structure. The fixed structure is located on the lower side of a pile-surrounding platform of offshore wind power and around a single pile foundation. The flexible air bag is arranged in a ring array on the fixed structure, and each flexible air bag has an orange petal shape and is provided with an air hole at the top. The lower end of the airflow pipeline is connected to the air hole at the top of the flexible air bag, the airflow pipeline penetrates the pile-surrounding platform vertically upward, and the inside is provided with an air turbine, and the top is connected to the PTO system. The PTO system is arranged on the upper part of the pile-surrounding platform. The pumping device of the pumping rebound structure is arranged on the upper part of the pile-surrounding platform.

[0008] The application provides a flexible anti-collision device for offshore wind power generation and ship collision energy absorption, which has the following technical effects: the kinetic energy of the air turbine is converted into electric energy through the PTO system; the control system is used for real-time monitoring of the device state, sea conditions and ship approaching conditions, accurate regulation and control of the operation of each component, and the pumping rebound structure is used for generating a rebound force after the flexible air bag absorbs the ship collision energy and deforms; and the anti-collision performance and energy utilization efficiency are further improved.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the flexible anti-collision device for offshore wind power generation and ship collision energy absorption can be further improved as follows:

[0010] The fixed structure comprises a support frame, a connecting component and a buffer structure. The support frame is the main body of the fixed structure, is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant alloy material, is annular around the single pile foundation, has a height in the vertical direction, and is used for providing stable and reliable support for the flexible air bag under different water level conditions. The inside of the frame is provided with reinforcing ribs distributed in a grid shape. The connecting component is made of corrosion-resistant rubber or plastic material, one end of the connecting component is fixed to the support frame through bolts or buckles, and the other end is tightly combined with the flexible air bag. Through a sealing process, gas leakage is prevented.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are: by using the support frame as the support structure of the flexible airbag, the height is set in the vertical direction to provide stable and reliable support for the flexible airbag under different water level conditions; by setting reinforcing ribs inside the support frame to enhance its own structural strength, it can withstand the impact of waves and the force generated by the flexible airbag when inflating and deflating; by using connecting components to realize the connection between the support frame and the flexible airbag, by using corrosion-resistant rubber or plastic connectors, it can have both good flexibility and sealing.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting component has a telescopic structure, which is used to enable the airbag to freely inflate, deflate and deform within a range; the buffer structure is arranged between the single pile foundation and the supporting frame, including a damper and an elastic buffer pad. The damper is a hydraulic damper or a magnetorheological damper, and the elastic buffer pad is made of highly elastic rubber or polyurethane material. The elastic buffer pad is installed at the connection between the damper, the single pile foundation and the supporting frame to further absorb impact energy and play a role in buffering and shock absorption.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are: by selecting a hydraulic damper or a magnetorheological damper, the damping force can be automatically adjusted according to the magnitude of the wave impact force; by setting an elastic buffer pad, it is used to further absorb the impact energy, play a role in buffering and shock absorption, and at the same time make up for the small gap between the single pile foundation and the support frame.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple groups of flexible airbags are provided, which are made of a high-strength, wear-resistant and flexible composite material, and the flexible airbags are filled with compressible gas; each group of flexible airbags is connected to each other through connecting pipes, and is also connected to the air flow channel in the PTO system.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are: by providing a flexible airbag, the airbag can be elastically deformed under the action of waves or ship collisions, thereby storing and releasing energy.

[0016] Furthermore, a pressure balancing structure is provided inside the flexible airbag to ensure uniform expansion of all parts of the airbag during the inflation process, thereby avoiding damage caused by excessive local pressure.

[0017] Furthermore, the PTO system includes a generator, a speed-increasing gearbox and a control system; the airflow duct is a vertical cylindrical duct, the lower end of the airflow duct is connected to the air hole on the top of the flexible airbag, the airflow duct passes vertically upward through the pile-circling platform, an air turbine is provided inside the airflow duct, and the top is connected to the PTO system.

[0018] Furthermore, the airflow duct includes two parts, one part is connected to the power generation device in the PTO system through the air turbine for realizing wave energy power generation, and the other part is an airflow duct branch for connecting the air compressor and the flexible airbag to transmit compressed air.

[0019] Furthermore, an airflow switching valve is provided at the connection between the branch of the airflow duct and the main airflow duct. The airflow switching valve is controlled by a control system to ensure that the wave energy generation and the airbag inflation function do not interfere with each other; the air turbine is installed on the upper part of the pile-circling platform and is located inside the airflow duct. The generator is connected to the rotating shaft of the air turbine. The generator adopts a high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous generator; the speed-increasing gearbox is installed between the air turbine and the generator.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by setting an airflow switching valve in conjunction with the control system, the direction of the airflow is switched as needed to ensure that wave energy power generation and airbag inflation functions do not interfere with each other; by setting an air turbine as the core component of energy conversion, the kinetic energy of the airflow is converted into mechanical energy; the generator is connected to the rotating shaft of the air turbine to realize the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy output through the generator under the drive of the air turbine; the low-speed rotation of the air turbine is converted into the high-speed rotation required by the generator through the speed-increasing gearbox, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, the control system includes a sensor module, a data processing unit, and a control execution unit; the sensor module includes a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and a wind speed and direction sensor. The pressure sensor is installed on the surface of the flexible airbag to monitor the pressure exerted on the airbag when a ship collides in real time, and the displacement sensor monitors the degree of deformation of the flexible airbag; the ultrasonic sensor is arranged around the device to detect the approach of a ship, and the wind speed and direction sensor is used to obtain sea condition information.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure exerted on the airbag during a ship collision in real time, and the displacement sensor is used to monitor the degree of deformation of the flexible airbag; the data processing unit is used to receive the data from the sensor module, and the built-in algorithm is used to analyze and process the data to determine the severity of the ship collision, the ship's motion trajectory, and the impact of the current sea conditions on the device; the control execution unit controls the energy conversion efficiency of the PTO system, the working status of the inflation device, and the operation of other related components according to the instructions of the data processing unit.

[0023] Furthermore, the inflation device includes an air compressor, an air flow pipeline branch, a one-way valve and an inflation control valve; the air compressor adopts a corrosion-resistant electric compressor, which is driven by the PTO system with electrical energy; one end of the air flow pipeline branch is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor, and the other end is connected to the flexible airbag through a one-way valve; the inflation control valve is installed on the air flow pipeline branch, and is opened and closed by the control execution unit of the control system according to the instructions of the data processing unit, and an air filter device is also provided at the air inlet of the air compressor.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are: by setting a one-way valve to ensure that air can only flow into the airbag in one direction; by setting an air filter device to filter out impurities in the external air to prevent them from entering the airbag and affecting performance.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the flexible offshore wind power anti-collision device provided by the present invention, which combines wave energy generation with ship collision energy absorption, has the following beneficial effects: significantly improving the power generation efficiency, overall device safety, and reusability of the offshore wind power anti-collision device; the flexible airbags absorb wave energy and ship collision energy, thereby achieving the goal of combining wave energy generation and offshore wind power foundation collision protection; the flexible airbags distributed in a ring array can simultaneously absorb energy from multi-directional waves, absorbing both wave energy and ship collision energy to generate electricity, thereby fully improving the power generation efficiency of the wave power generation device; the use of flexible airbags and the layout of the PTO system away from the seawater improve the safety of the wave power generation device and the reusability of the anti-collision device; the use of wind and wave combined power generation improves energy utilization efficiency and space utilization, and the shared support structure saves construction costs; the introduction of a control system realizes intelligent operation of the device, and through the real-time monitoring of the device status, sea conditions, and the approach of ships by multiple sensors, the operation of each component can be precisely controlled. The energy conversion efficiency of the PTO system is automatically adjusted according to different sea conditions and ship collision situations, ensuring efficient power generation under various operating conditions, further improving power generation efficiency and energy utilization stability.

[0026] The innovative inflation and rebound structure greatly enhances the anti-collision performance. After the flexible airbag absorbs the energy of the ship collision and deforms, the inflation device can be started in time, using the electricity generated by the PTO system to inflate the airbag, causing it to expand and generate a rebound force. This not only effectively avoids secondary collisions with ships, but also reduces the cumulative damage to offshore wind power foundations and anti-collision devices caused by ship collisions through active rebound action, significantly improving the safety and protection effect of the overall device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the flexible anti-collision device disclosed in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the flexible anti-collision device disclosed in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a left side schematic diagram of the flexible anti-collision device disclosed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic top view of the flexible anti-collision device disclosed in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a bottom schematic diagram of the flexible anti-collision device disclosed in the present invention;

[0033] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0034] 1. Pile foundation; 2. PTO system; 3. Pile-circling platform; 4. Airflow duct; 5. Flexible airbag; 6. Inflatable rebound structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an embodiment of an offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device provided by the present invention that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption, includes a fixed structure, a flexible airbag, an airflow duct, a PTO system, a control system and an air-pumping rebound structure; the fixed structure is located on the lower side of the offshore wind power pile-circling platform and around the single pile foundation; the flexible airbags are distributed on the fixed structure in the form of a circular array, the flexible airbags are in the shape of orange segments, and each flexible airbag has an air hole on the top; the lower end of the airflow duct is connected to the air hole on the top of the flexible airbag, the airflow duct vertically penetrates the pile-circling platform, an air turbine is provided inside, and the top is connected to the PTO system; the PTO system is arranged on the upper part of the pile-circling platform; the air pumping device of the air-pumping rebound structure is arranged on the upper part of the pile-circling platform.

[0037] Among them, in the above technical solution, the fixed structure includes a support frame, connecting parts and a buffer structure; the support frame, as the main body of the fixed structure, is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant alloy material, and is ring-shaped around the single pile foundation. It has height in the vertical direction and is used to provide stable and reliable support for the flexible airbag under different water level conditions. The inside of the frame is provided with reinforcing ribs distributed in a criss-cross grid shape; the connecting parts are made of corrosion-resistant rubber or plastic material. One end of the connecting part is firmly fixed to the support frame by bolts or clips, and the other end is tightly fitted with the flexible airbag, and a sealing process is used to prevent gas leakage.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the connecting component has a telescopic structure, which is used to enable the airbag to freely inflate, deflate and deform within a range; the buffer structure is arranged between the single pile foundation and the support frame, including a damper and an elastic buffer pad. The damper is a hydraulic damper or a magnetorheological damper, and the elastic buffer pad is made of highly elastic rubber or polyurethane material. The elastic buffer pad is installed at the connection between the damper, the single pile foundation and the support frame to further absorb impact energy and play a role in buffering and shock absorption.

[0039] When in use, when a ship collides or is hit by a large wave, the damper responds quickly, generating damping force through internal liquid flow or magnetic changes, consuming impact energy and slowing down the impact force transmitted from the support frame to the monopile foundation.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, multiple groups of flexible airbags are provided, which are made of a composite material with high strength, wear resistance and good flexibility, and the flexible airbags are filled with compressible gas; each group of flexible airbags is connected to each other through connecting pipes, and is connected to the air flow channel in the PTO system.

[0041] The flexible airbag can be made of a composite material of high-strength rubber and fiber-reinforced materials to ensure its long-term stable operation in complex marine environments. When waves hit the flexible airbag, the gas pressure inside the flexible airbag changes, and the gas flow transmission is achieved through the connecting pipe, creating conditions for subsequent energy conversion. When the pressure sensor detects that the airbag pressure exceeds the set threshold, the data processing unit transmits the signal to the control execution unit. The control execution unit, on the one hand, regulates the PTO system to increase energy absorption and conversion efforts, and on the other hand, activates the inflation device. The flexible airbag deforms under the action of the ship collision energy. When the deformation reaches the preset value, the control system activates the inflation device and inflates the flexible airbag through the airflow pipe branch, causing the flexible airbag to restore its shape and generate rebound force, pushing the ship away.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a pressure balancing structure is provided inside the flexible airbag to ensure uniform expansion of all parts of the airbag during the inflation process, thereby avoiding damage caused by excessive local pressure.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the PTO system includes a generator, a speed-increasing gearbox and a control system; the airflow duct is a vertical cylindrical duct, the lower end of the airflow duct is connected to the air hole on the top of the flexible airbag, the airflow duct passes vertically upward through the pile-circling platform, an air turbine is provided inside the airflow duct, and the top is connected to the PTO system.

[0044] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the airflow duct includes two parts, one part is connected to the power generation device in the PTO system through an air turbine for realizing wave energy power generation, and the other part is an airflow duct branch for connecting the air compressor and the flexible airbag to transmit compressed air.

[0045] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an airflow switching valve is provided at the connection between the airflow duct branch and the main airflow duct, and the airflow switching valve is controlled by a control system to ensure that the wave energy generation and the airbag inflation function do not interfere with each other; the air turbine is installed on the upper part of the pile-circling platform and is located inside the airflow duct, the generator is connected to the rotating shaft of the air turbine, and the generator adopts a high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous generator; the speed-increasing gearbox is installed between the air turbine and the generator.

[0046] Among them, the pipeline is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant materials to ensure stable operation in complex marine environments.

[0047] During use, the air turbine is the core component of energy conversion. Inside the airflow duct, when the airflow generated by wave action or ship collision in the flexible airbag enters the air turbine through the connecting pipe, the high-speed airflow drives the blades of the air turbine to rotate, converting the kinetic energy of the airflow into mechanical energy; the generator is connected to the rotating shaft of the air turbine, and usually adopts a high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous generator with high energy conversion efficiency and stability. Driven by the air turbine, the generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy output; the speed-increasing gearbox is installed between the air turbine and the generator. Since the speed of the air turbine is relatively low, it cannot directly meet the high-efficiency power generation requirements of the generator. The speed-increasing gearbox converts the low-speed rotation of the air turbine into the required power of the generator through a reasonable gear transmission ratio. High-speed rotation, thereby improving power generation efficiency; using the control system to receive information such as the operating parameters of the generator, through intelligent algorithm analysis, real-time adjustment of the air turbine blade angle, the transmission ratio of the speed-increasing gearbox, etc., to adapt to different wave energy conditions and power generation needs, to ensure that the entire device is always in an efficient and stable operating state; the electricity generated by the PTO system can be used for wave energy generation, and can also supply energy to the air compressor of the aeration device, ensuring its timely start-up and normal operation; under the unified dispatch of the control system, the PTO system and the aeration device work together to reasonably distribute electricity according to the ship collision condition and the airbag status, and adjust the energy conversion efficiency in real time according to the ship collision energy and the degree of deformation of the airbag fed back by the sensor, to provide stable electricity for subsequent functions such as the aeration device.

[0048] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the control system includes a sensor module, a data processing unit, and a control execution unit; the sensor module includes a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and a wind speed and direction sensor. The pressure sensor is installed on the surface of the flexible airbag to monitor the pressure exerted on the airbag when a ship collides in real time, and the displacement sensor monitors the degree of deformation of the flexible airbag; the ultrasonic sensor is arranged around the device to detect the approach of a ship, and the wind speed and direction sensor is used to obtain sea condition information.

[0049] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the inflation device includes an air compressor, an air flow pipe branch, a one-way valve and an inflation control valve; the air compressor adopts a corrosion-resistant electric compressor, which is driven by the PTO system with electrical energy; one end of the air flow pipe branch is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor, and the other end is connected to the flexible airbag through a one-way valve; the inflation control valve is installed on the air flow pipe branch, and is opened and closed by the control execution unit of the control system according to the instructions of the data processing unit, and an air filter device is also provided at the air inlet of the air compressor.

[0050] Among them, the inflation rebound structure plays a key role after a ship collision. When the flexible airbag absorbs the energy of the ship collision and the volume changes by more than 2 / 3, it is activated to enhance the anti-collision effect; when the control system determines that the inflation device needs to be started, the control execution unit opens the inflation control valve, and the air compressor compresses the external air and pumps it into the flexible airbag through the air flow pipe branch and the one-way valve, so that the airbag expands and generates a rebound force to ensure the stable operation of the inflation device.

[0051] The following is a specific application scenario of the present invention:

[0052] When a ship approaches an offshore wind turbine foundation, ultrasonic sensors installed around the foundation first detect the ship's position and speed, transmitting this data to the control system's data processing unit. Based on a pre-set algorithm and current sea conditions (data from wind speed and direction sensors), the processing unit predicts the likely impact point and impact force. If a high impact risk is predicted, the control system prepares for it.

[0053] When a ship strikes the flexible airbag, the pressure sensor immediately senses the pressure applied to it, while the displacement sensor monitors its deformation in real time. This data is rapidly fed back to the control system's data processing unit, which determines the severity of the impact. If the impact is minor, the control system only regulates the PTO system, increasing energy conversion efficiency and efficiently converting the airflow energy generated by the airbag's deformation into electrical energy. When the impact force exceeds a set threshold, the data processing unit issues a command to the control execution unit, which further enhances the PTO system's energy conversion and activates the inflation device.

[0054] Once the inflation device is activated, the air compressor, powered by the PTO system, begins operating, drawing in and compressing outside air. The compressed air is then pumped through a branched air duct, a one-way valve, and an open inflation control valve into the flexible airbag. During inflation, a pressure-balancing structure within the airbag ensures uniform expansion across all sections. As the airbag expands, the resulting rebound force gradually propels the vessel away from the offshore wind turbine foundation and the anti-collision device, effectively preventing secondary collisions.

[0055] Throughout the entire process, the control system controls the airflow switching valves in the airflow ducts according to actual needs. When wave power generation is primarily being performed, the valves ensure that airflow flows primarily to the pipe connecting the air turbine and the power generation unit. When the pumping device is activated, the valves adjust the airflow direction to prioritize inflation of the flexible airbag, ensuring that the two functions do not interfere with each other. Simultaneously, a displacement sensor continuously transmits data on the deformation and displacement of the flexible airbag relative to the fixed structure to the control system's data processing unit, allowing the control system to monitor the overall status of the device in real time and adjust the control strategy promptly to ensure stable operation.

[0056] Specifically, the principle of the present invention is to achieve both wave energy generation and collision avoidance for offshore wind turbines by utilizing flexible airbags to absorb wave energy and ship impact energy. The flexible airbags, arranged in a circular array, can simultaneously absorb wave energy from multiple directions, effectively absorbing both wave and ship impact energy to generate electricity. This significantly improves the efficiency of the wave power generation device. The use of flexible airbags and the placement of the PTO system away from the seawater enhance the safety of the wave power generation device and the reusability of the collision avoidance device. Through the coordinated operation of a control system and an air-pumping and rebounding structure, the device intelligently adjusts its protection and power generation strategies based on the impact intensity and sea conditions during a ship collision. In the case of a minor impact, the control system regulates the PTO system to efficiently convert the airflow energy generated by the airbag deformation into electrical energy. In the case of a more severe impact, the air-pumping and rebounding structure activates to inflate the airbags, providing a spring force to push the ship away and avoid a secondary collision. This invention significantly improves the power generation efficiency, overall safety, and reusability of the offshore wind turbine collision avoidance device.

Claims

1. A flexible anti-collision device for offshore wind power that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption, characterized in that: It includes a fixed structure, a flexible airbag, an airflow duct, a PTO system, a control system and an air-pumping and rebounding structure; the fixed structure is located on the lower side of the offshore wind power pile-circling platform and around the single pile foundation; the flexible airbags are distributed on the fixed structure in the form of a ring array, the flexible airbags are in the shape of orange segments, and an air hole is provided on the top of each flexible airbag; the lower end of the airflow duct is connected to the air hole on the top of the flexible airbag, the airflow duct vertically passes through the pile-circling platform, an air turbine is provided inside, and the top is connected to the PTO system; the PTO system is arranged on the upper part of the pile-circling platform; the air-pumping and rebounding structure has an air-pumping device arranged on the upper part of the pile-circling platform, the air-pumping device includes an air compressor, an airflow duct branch, a one-way valve and an inflation control valve, one end of the airflow duct branch is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor, and the other end is connected to the flexible airbag through a one-way valve to achieve an air-pumping and rebounding effect.

2. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixed structure includes a support frame, connecting parts and a buffer structure; the support frame, as the main body of the fixed structure, is made of high-strength and corrosion-resistant alloy material, and is in a ring shape surrounding the single pile foundation. It has height in the vertical direction and is used to provide stable and reliable support for the flexible airbag under different water level conditions. The inside of the frame is provided with reinforcing ribs distributed in a criss-cross grid shape; the connecting parts are made of corrosion-resistant rubber or plastic material. One end of the connecting part is firmly fixed to the support frame by bolts or clips, and the other end is tightly fitted with the flexible airbag, and a sealing process is used to prevent gas leakage.

3. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connecting component has a telescopic structure, which is used to enable the airbag to freely inflate, deflate and deform within a range; the buffer structure is arranged between the single pile foundation and the supporting frame, including a damper and an elastic buffer pad. The damper is a hydraulic damper or a magnetorheological damper, and the elastic buffer pad is made of highly elastic rubber or polyurethane material. The elastic buffer pad is installed at the connection between the damper, the single pile foundation and the supporting frame to further absorb impact energy and play a role in buffering and shock absorption.

4. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 3 is characterized in that: There are multiple groups of flexible airbags, which are made of high-strength, wear-resistant and flexible composite materials. The flexible airbags are filled with compressible gas. Each group of flexible airbags is connected to each other through connecting pipes, and is also connected to the air flow channel in the PTO system.

5. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A pressure balancing structure is provided inside the flexible airbag to ensure uniform expansion of all parts of the airbag during inflation, avoiding damage caused by excessive local pressure.

6. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The PTO system includes a generator, a speed-increasing gearbox and a control system; the airflow duct is a vertical cylindrical duct, the lower end of which is connected to the air hole on the top of the flexible airbag. The airflow duct passes vertically upward through the pile-circling platform. An air turbine is installed inside the airflow duct, and the top is connected to the PTO system.

7. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The airflow duct consists of two parts. One part is connected to the power generation device in the PTO system through an air turbine to realize wave energy power generation. The other part is an airflow duct branch, which is used to connect the air compressor and the flexible airbag to transmit compressed air.

8. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 7 is characterized in that: An airflow switching valve is installed at the connection between the airflow duct branch and the main airflow duct. The airflow switching valve is controlled by the control system to ensure that the wave energy power generation and the airbag inflation function do not interfere with each other; the air turbine is installed on the upper part of the pile-circling platform and located inside the airflow duct. The generator is connected to the rotating shaft of the air turbine. The generator adopts a high-efficiency permanent magnet synchronous generator; the speed-increasing gearbox is installed between the air turbine and the generator.

9. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The control system includes a sensor module, a data processing unit, and a control execution unit; the sensor module contains a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and a wind speed and direction sensor. The pressure sensor is installed on the surface of the flexible airbag to monitor the pressure exerted on the airbag in real time when a ship collides, and the displacement sensor monitors the degree of deformation of the flexible airbag; the ultrasonic sensor is set around the device to detect the approach of a ship, and the wind speed and direction sensor is used to obtain sea condition information.

10. The offshore wind power flexible anti-collision device that takes into account both wave energy generation and ship collision energy absorption according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air compressor adopts a corrosion-resistant electric compressor, which is driven by the PTO system; the inflation control valve is installed on the branch of the air flow pipeline, and is opened and closed by the control execution unit of the control system according to the instructions of the data processing unit. An air filter device is also provided at the air inlet of the air compressor.

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