Temperature-controllable magnetorheological damper with built-in gear

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature-controllable magneto-rheological damper with built-in gears, which mainly comprises a piston rod, a damper end cover, a damper cylinder body, a piston head, driving gears, a temperature sensor, a gas transmission component, a gas outlet component, an R290 refrigerant flow cavity, an R290 refrigerant storage tank and the like, and is characterized in that four driving gears are radially arranged in a magneto-rheological fluid channel in the piston head; the flow speed control module is arranged on the outer surface of the damper cylinder body and used for controlling the flow speed of magnetorheological fluid, pressure difference is formed between the sealing cavity I and the sealing cavity II, and four control modes are formed by controlling the magnitude of current applied by the magnet exciting coil and the rotating speed of the driving gear. Friction heat generated by the piston head during displacement is absorbed and reduced through an R290 refrigerant, four driving gears are arranged in the magnetorheological damper on the basis of a traditional magnetorheological damper, a cooling module is additionally arranged, more control modes are achieved, damping force output is increased, the risk that the working stability of the damper is affected by high temperature is reduced, and the service life of the magnetorheological damper is prolonged. The damper is especially suitable for damping systems in industries such as automobiles and railways.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a magnetorheological damper, and particularly to a controllable temperature type magnetorheological damper with an internal gear. Background Art

[0002] Based on the intelligent rheological characteristics of magnetorheological materials, magnetorheological dampers exhibit three core advantages: First, they have a fast response characteristic at the millisecond level (response time < 10 ms), enabling real-time and precise control of dynamic loads. Second, they have wide-range controllability (dynamic adjustment ratio can reach 1000:1), and can adapt to the damping force requirements of different working conditions. Third, they show excellent energy dissipation efficiency (maximum output damping force can reach the 50 kN level), meeting the vibration control requirements of large-load systems. These characteristics make them the most valuable semi-active actuators in the field of intelligent vibration control.

[0003] For the magnetorheological dampers designed at the present stage, in most cases, the effective working damping gap presents a single annular liquid flow damping gap form. To expand the adjustable range of the output damping force of the magnetorheological damper, usually the following two methods are adopted. First, under the condition that the input current remains constant, the magnetic induction intensity in the effective damping gap is increased within the saturation range of the magnetorheological fluid. A common method is to reduce the damping gap of the magnetorheological damper. However, when the magnetorheological fluid is placed unused for a long time and then used again, the particles in the damping gap are prone to sedimentation, which may block the damping gap, and ultimately cause the magnetorheological damper to fail to work properly. Second, the effective damping gap is maintained unchanged, and the shear stress of the magnetorheological fluid at the effective damping gap is increased by increasing the magnitude of the excitation current. However, with the increase of the supply current, the energy consumption of the damper will also increase accordingly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a controllable temperature type magnetorheological damper with an internal gear, which installs an active gear in the damping gap and an external cooling module. When the active gear motor is powered on, the active gear in the damping gap is controlled to rotate to generate a liquid driving force. When the excitation coil is powered on, the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil controls the magnetorheological fluid in the damping gap to generate a yield force. By controlling the applied current and the rotation speed of the active gear, continuous adjustable control of the output damping force is realized, the dynamic adjustment range of the damping force is increased, and the performance of the magnetorheological damper is more stable. At the same time, the external cooling module uses R290 gas refrigerant, which has excellent thermal performance, large refrigeration capacity, low price and other advantages. Cooling by the refrigerant can prevent the device from being damaged due to overheating caused by the friction of the piston head. The external cooling module is installed outside the magnetorheological damper, and can complete the rapid disassembly and assembly of the refrigeration device and the regular replacement of the refrigerant, and is especially suitable for vibration reduction systems in industries such as automobiles and railways.

[0005] A controllable temperature type magnetorheological damper with an internal gear, which is characterized by comprising: a piston rod (1), a sealing ring I (2), a left end cover of the damper (3), a screw I (4), an R290 refrigerant storage tank (5), a screw II (6), a sealing ring II (7), a driving gear (8), an excitation coil (9), a screw III (10), an air outlet component (11), a right end cover of the piston head (12), a nut (13), a floating piston (14), a sealing ring III (15), a right lifting lug (16), a right end cover of the damper (17), a screw IV (18), a sealing ring IV (19), a damper cylinder body (20), a refrigerator (21), an inductor (22), a piston head (23), an R290 refrigerant flow cavity (24), a left end cover of the piston head (25), an air delivery component (26), a temperature sensor (27), a sealing ring V (28), and a left lifting lug (29). The left end of the piston rod (1) is fixedly connected to the left lifting lug (29) through a thread. A circular through hole is machined in the middle of the left end cover of the damper (3). The piston rod (1) has a clearance fit with the inner surface of the circular through hole of the left end cover of the damper (3). The piston rod (1) is sealed with the inner surface of the circular through hole of the left end cover of the damper (3) through the sealing ring I (2). The left end cover of the damper (3) has a clearance fit with the left end face of the damper cylinder body (20). The left end cover of the damper (3) is tightly connected to the damper cylinder body (20) through the screw I (4). The left end cover of the damper (3) is sealed with the damper cylinder body (20) through the sealing ring V (28). The right end of the piston rod (1) is machined with an external thread. A circular through hole is machined in the center of the left end cover of the piston head (25). The circular through hole machined in the left end cover of the piston head (25) is machined with an internal thread. The right end of the piston rod (1) has an interference fit with the threaded hole machined in the left end cover of the piston head (25). The left end cover of the damper (25) is tightly connected to the piston head (23) through the screw II (6). The piston rod (1) is fixedly connected to the piston head (23) through a threaded hole. The piston head (23) is sealed with the damper cylinder body (20) through the sealing ring II (7). The right end cover of the piston head (12) is tightly connected to the piston head (23) through the screw III (10). The right end of the piston head (23) is machined with an external thread. The piston head (23) is fixedly connected to the right end cover of the piston head (12) through the nut (13). An annular groove is machined on the outer surface of the damper cylinder body (20). The R290 refrigerant storage tank (5) and the R290 refrigerant flow cavity (24) are placed in the annular groove. The right end of the air outlet component (11) and the left end of the air delivery component (26) are connected to the R290 refrigerant storage tank (5). The left end of the air outlet component (11) and the right end of the air delivery component (26) are connected to the R290 refrigerant flow cavity (24). The refrigerator (21) is installed at the lower left end and the upper right end of the R290 refrigerant flow cavity (24). The inductor (22) is installed at the left end of the refrigerator (21). A rectangular small hole is machined in the damper cylinder body (20) below the air delivery component (26). The temperature sensor (27) is placed in the rectangular small hole.And it is connected to the gas transmission component (26). There is a clearance fit between the outer surface of the floating piston (14) and the inner surface of the damper cylinder body (20). The floating piston (14) and the damper cylinder body (20) are sealed by the sealing ring Ⅳ (19). There is a clearance fit between the right end cover (17) of the damper and the right end face of the damper cylinder body (20). The right end cover (17) of the damper is tightly connected to the damper cylinder body (20) by the screw Ⅳ (18). The right end cover (17) of the damper is sealed with the damper cylinder body (20) through the sealing ring Ⅲ (15). The right end of the right end cover (17) of the damper is machined with an external thread, and the right lifting lug (16) is machined with an internal thread. The right end cover (17) of the damper is fixedly connected to the right lifting lug (16) through the machined external thread. The excitation coil (9) is wound in the groove of the piston head (23). A circular groove is machined in the magnetorheological fluid flow channel of the piston head (23). The driving gear (8) is placed in the circular groove. The two leads of the excitation coil (9) pass through the piston head (23) and the lead hole in the left end cover (25) of the piston head, and are led out through the lead hole in the piston rod (1). A sealing cavity Ⅰ is formed among the left end cover (3) of the damper, the left end cover (25) of the piston head, and the damper cylinder body (20). A sealing cavity Ⅱ is formed among the right end cover (12) of the piston head, the damper cylinder body (20), and the floating piston (13). A sealing cavity Ⅲ is formed among the floating piston (13), the damper cylinder body (20), and the right end cover (17) of the damper. The sealing cavity Ⅰ and the sealing cavity Ⅱ are filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the sealing cavity Ⅲ is filled with compressed gas. When the piston rod (1) is axially stretched, the magnetorheological fluid in the closed cavity Ⅰ enters the closed cavity Ⅱ through the fluid flow channel. When the piston rod (1) is axially compressed, the magnetorheological fluid in the closed cavity Ⅱ enters the closed cavity Ⅰ through the fluid flow channel. When the piston rod (1) moves axially, the volumes of the closed cavity Ⅰ and the closed cavity Ⅱ will change accordingly. At this time, the floating piston (13) will achieve volume compensation by floating left and right in the axial direction. During this process, the driving gear (8) adjusts the flow rate and flow of the magnetorheological fluid by rotating, and the temperature reduction module adjusts the temperature of the damper through the refrigerant. The left end cover (25) of the piston head, the piston head (23), the driving gear (8), and the right end cover (12) of the piston head are respectively made of low-carbon steel magnetic conductive materials, and the rest of the parts are made of non-magnetic conductive materials.,

[0006] Compared with the background technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] (1) The present invention forms four control modes for the damper by installing a driving gear in the damping gap. Mode 1: The excitation coil is not energized and the driving gear does not rotate. Mode 2: The excitation coil is energized and the driving gear rotates. Mode 3: The excitation coil is energized and the driving gear does not rotate. Mode 4: The excitation coil is not energized and the driving gear rotates. When the excitation coil is energized and the rotational speed of the driving gear is controllable, a control mode with continuously adjustable damping force is formed, providing a multi-mode damping force output method. Without changing the size of the piston head, this structure greatly increases the dynamic adjustable range of the damping force, ensures that the damper can output a larger damping force with a larger dynamic adjustable range, and prevents the magnetorheological fluid in the damping gap from being blocked by the rotation of the driving gear.

[0008] (2) The present invention externally installs a cooling module outside the damper cylinder body, detects the working temperature of the magnetorheological damper through a temperature sensor, and uses a refrigerator filled with R290 refrigerant for rapid cooling, reducing the large amount of heat generated by the displacement of the damper, preventing the device from being damaged due to overheating of the damper, and improving the working performance of the damper under high-temperature heating.

[0009] (3) The left end cover of the piston head, the piston head, the driving gear, and the right end cover of the piston head of the present invention are respectively made of low-carbon steel magnetic conductive materials, and the remaining parts are made of non-magnetic conductive materials. This design can effectively ensure that the magnetic field lines are concentrated as much as possible in the effective damping gap. The driving gear also plays a role in guiding the magnetic field lines, enabling most of the magnetic field lines to vertically pass through the damping gap, fully exerting the effect of the vertical magnetic field on the magnetorheological fluid, and effectively improving the working efficiency of the magnetorheological damper. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the driving gear of the piston head of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling module of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0013] The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0014] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the present invention includes: piston rod (1), seal ring I (2), left end cover of damper (3), screw I (4), R290 refrigerant storage tank (5), screw II (6), seal ring II (7), driving gear (8), excitation coil (9), screw III (10), air outlet component (11), right end cover of piston head (12), nut (13), floating piston (14), seal ring III (15), right lifting lug (16), right end cover of damper (17), screw IV (18), seal ring IV (19), damper cylinder body (20), refrigerator (21), inductor (22), piston head (23), R290 refrigerant flow cavity (24), left end cover of piston head (25), air delivery component (26), temperature sensor (27), seal ring V (28), left lifting lug (29). The left end of the piston rod (1) is fixedly connected to the left lifting lug (29) by threads. A circular through-hole is machined in the middle of the left end cover (3) of the damper. The piston rod (1) is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the circular through-hole of the left end cover (3) of the damper. The piston rod (1) is sealed with the inner surface of the circular through-hole of the left end cover (3) of the damper through the sealing ring I (2). The left end cover (3) of the damper is in clearance fit with the left end face of the damper cylinder body (20). The left end cover (3) of the damper is tightly connected to the damper cylinder body (20) by the screw I (4). The left end cover (3) of the damper is sealed with the damper cylinder body (20) through the sealing ring V (28). The right end of the piston rod (1) is machined with an external thread. A circular through-hole is machined in the center of the left end cover (25) of the piston head. The circular through-hole machined in the left end cover (25) of the piston head is machined with an internal thread. The right end of the piston rod (1) is in interference fit with the threaded hole machined in the left end cover (25) of the piston head. The left end cover (25) of the damper is tightly connected to the piston head (23) by the screw II (6). The piston rod (1) is fixedly connected to the piston head (23) by threads through the threaded hole. The piston head (23) is sealed with the damper cylinder body (20) through the sealing ring II (7). The right end cover (12) of the piston head is tightly connected to the piston head (23) by the screw III (10). The right end of the piston head (23) is machined with an external thread. The piston head (23) is fixedly connected to the right end cover (12) of the piston head through the nut (13). An annular groove is machined on the outer surface of the damper cylinder body (20). The R290 refrigerant storage tank (5) and the R290 refrigerant flow chamber (24) are placed in the annular groove. The right end of the air outlet component (11) and the left end of the air delivery component (26) are connected to the R290 refrigerant storage tank (5). The left end of the air outlet component (11) and the right end of the air delivery component (26) are connected to the R290 refrigerant flow chamber (24). The cooler (21) is installed at the lower left end and the upper right end of the R290 refrigerant flow chamber (24). The inductor (22) is installed at the left end of the cooler (21). A rectangular small hole is machined in the damper cylinder body (20) below the air delivery component (26). The temperature sensor (27) is placed in the rectangular small hole and is connected to the air delivery component (26). The outer surface of the floating piston (14) is in clearance fit with the inner surface of the damper cylinder body (20). The floating piston (14) is sealed with the damper cylinder body (20) through the sealing ring IV (19). The right end cover (17) of the damper is in clearance fit with the right end face of the damper cylinder body (20). The right end cover (17) of the damper is tightly connected to the damper cylinder body (20) by the screw IV (18). The right end cover (17) of the damper is sealed with the damper cylinder body (20) through the sealing ring III (15). The right end of the right end cover (17) of the damper is machined with an external thread. The right lifting lug (16) is machined with an internal thread. The right end cover (17) of the damper is fixedly connected to the right lifting lug (16) through the machined external thread. The excitation coil (9) is wound in the groove of the piston head (23). A circular groove is machined in the magnetorheological fluid flow channel of the piston head (23). The driving gear (8) is placed in the circular groove.Two leads of the excitation coil (9) pass through the piston head (23) and the lead hole in the left end cover (25) of the piston head, and are led out through the lead hole in the piston rod (1). A sealed chamber Ⅰ is formed among the left end cover (3) of the damper, the left end cover (25) of the piston head and the damper cylinder body (20). A sealed chamber Ⅱ is formed among the right end cover (12) of the piston head, the damper cylinder body (20) and the floating piston (13). A sealed chamber Ⅲ is formed among the floating piston (13), the damper cylinder body (20) and the right end cover (17) of the damper. The sealed chamber Ⅰ and the sealed chamber Ⅱ are filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the sealed chamber Ⅲ is filled with compressed gas. When the piston rod (1) is axially stretched, the magnetorheological fluid in the closed chamber Ⅰ enters the closed chamber Ⅱ through the liquid flow channel. When the piston rod (1) is axially compressed, the magnetorheological fluid in the closed chamber Ⅱ enters the closed chamber Ⅰ through the liquid flow channel. When the piston rod (1) moves axially, the volumes of the closed chamber Ⅰ and the closed chamber Ⅱ will change accordingly. At this time, the floating piston (13) will achieve volume compensation by floating left and right in the axial direction.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the driving gear of the piston head of the present invention. Four driving gears (8) and four motors (30) are radially arranged inside the piston head. The rotating shafts of the driving gears are connected to the motors, and the driving gears are driven to rotate by the motors. The leads are connected to the motors through the lead hole in the left end cover of the piston head and the piston head. The motors are powered and driven through the leads. During use, continuously adjustable damping force is formed by adjusting the current magnitudes of the excitation coil and the driving gear motors, and four control modes are formed by controlling the current of the excitation coil and the rotation speed of the driving gear. When the excitation coil is not powered on and the driving gear motor is powered on, the driving gear in the damping gap is controlled to rotate to generate a liquid driving force, driving the magnetorheological fluid to quickly and smoothly pass through the working area of the damping gap, and outputting the minimum damping force. When the excitation coil is not powered on and the driving gear motor is not powered on, a liquid flow resistance is generated to slow down the flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the damping gap, and a smaller damping force is output. When the excitation coil is powered on and the driving gear motor is powered on, the control current of the excitation coil generates a magnetic field acting on the magnetorheological fluid in the damping gap, and a larger damping force is output. When the excitation coil is powered on and the driving gear motor is not powered on, the magnetorheological fluid in the damping gap is subjected to a magnetic field acting force and a flow resistance, and the maximum damping force is output.

[0020] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooling module of the present invention. The cooling module is composed of an R290 refrigerant storage tank (5), an air outlet component (11), a cooler (21), a sensor (22), an R290 refrigerant flow cavity (24), an air delivery component (26), and a temperature sensor (27). When the temperature sensor senses that the temperature of the damper increases, the air delivery component and the air outlet component are activated to output R290 refrigerant, and the R290 refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant flow cavity for cooling. When the sensor detects that the temperature of the R290 refrigerant increases, the cooler is started to cool the R290 refrigerant, so as to quickly cool the magnetorheological damper at various working temperatures. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments by using the above-disclosed technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-controllable magnetorheological damper with built-in gears, characterized in that include: Piston rod (1), sealing ring I (2), damper left end cover (3), screw I (4), R290 refrigerant storage tank (5), screw II (6), sealing ring II (7), driving gear (8), excitation coil (9), screw III (10), gas outlet component (11), piston head right end cover (12), nut (13), floating piston (14), sealing ring III (15), right lifting ear (16), damper right end cover (17), screw IV (18), sealing ring IV (19), damper cylinder (20), refrigerator (21), sensor (22), piston head (23), R290 refrigerant flow chamber (24), piston head left end cover (25), gas transmission component (26), temperature sensor (27) , a sealing ring V (28), a left lifting ear (29), the left end of the piston rod (1) is fastened with the left lifting ear (29) by a thread, a circular through hole is processed in the middle of the left end cover (3) of the damper, the piston rod (1) and the inner surface of the circular through hole of the left end cover (3) of the damper are clearance matched, the piston rod (1) is sealed with the inner surface of the circular through hole of the left end cover (3) of the damper through a sealing ring I (2), the left end cover (3) of the damper and the left end surface of the damper cylinder body (20) are clearance matched, the left end cover (3) of the damper is tightly connected with the damper cylinder body (20) by a screw I (4), the left end cover (3) of the damper is sealed with the damper cylinder body (20) by a sealing ring V (28), the right end of the piston rod (1) is processed with an external thread, the left end cover (25) of the piston head A circular through hole is processed in the center, and an internal thread is processed in the circular through hole of the left end cover (25) of the piston head. The right end of the piston rod (1) is interference fit with the threaded hole processed in the left end cover (25) of the piston head. The left end cover (25) of the damper is tightly connected with the piston head (23) through a screw II (6). The piston rod (1) is threadedly fastened with the piston head (23) through the threaded hole. The piston head (23) is sealed with the damper cylinder (20) through a sealing ring II (7). The right end cover (12) of the piston head is tightly connected with the piston head (23) through a screw III (10). The right end of the piston head (23) is processed with an external thread. The piston head (23) is fastened with the right end cover (12) of the piston head through a nut (13). The damper cylinder (20) The outer surface is processed with an annular groove, the R290 refrigerant storage tank (5) and the R290 refrigerant flow chamber (24) are placed in the annular groove, the right end of the gas outlet component (11) and the left end of the gas delivery component (26) are connected to the R290 refrigerant storage tank (5), the left end of the gas outlet component (11) and the right end of the gas delivery component (26) are connected to the R290 refrigerant flow chamber (24), the refrigerator (21) is installed at the lower left end and the upper right end of the R290 refrigerant flow chamber (24), the sensor (22) is installed at the left end of the refrigerator (21), the damper cylinder (20) is processed with a rectangular hole below the gas delivery component (26), the temperature sensor (27) is placed in the rectangular hole and connected to the gas delivery component (26),The outer surface of the floating piston (14) is clearance-matched with the inner surface of the damper cylinder (20); the floating piston (14) and the damper cylinder (20) are sealed by a sealing ring IV (19); the right end cover (17) of the damper is clearance-matched with the right end surface of the damper cylinder (20); the right end cover (17) of the damper is tightly connected with the damper cylinder (20) by a screw IV (18); the right end cover (17) of the damper is sealed with the damper cylinder (20) by a sealing ring III (15); the right end cover (17) of the damper is The right end is processed with an external thread, the right lifting ear (16) is processed with an internal thread, the right end cover (17) of the damper is fastened to the right lifting ear (16) through the processed external thread, the excitation coil (9) is wound in the groove of the piston head (23), the magnetorheological fluid flow channel of the piston head (23) is processed with a circular groove, the driving gear (8) is placed in the circular groove, and the two leads of the excitation coil (9) pass through the lead holes in the piston head (23) and the left end cover (25) of the piston head, and are led out through the lead hole in the piston rod (1).

2. The temperature-controllable magnetorheological damper with built-in gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four driving gears (8) and four motors (30) are radially arranged inside the piston head. The driving gear rotation shaft is connected to the motor. The driving gear is driven to rotate by the motor. The lead wire is connected to the motor through the left end cover of the piston head and the lead wire hole in the piston head. The motor is powered and driven by the lead wire.

3. The temperature-controllable magnetorheological damper with built-in gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four control modes are formed by controlling the current of the excitation coil and the speed of the driving gear. In mode 1, the excitation coil is not energized and the driving gear does not rotate. In mode 2, the excitation coil is energized and the driving gear rotates. In mode 3, the excitation coil is energized and the driving gear does not rotate. In mode 4, the excitation coil is not energized and the driving gear rotates. When the excitation coil is energized and the speed of the driving gear is controllable, a control mode in which the damping force is continuously adjustable is formed, providing a multi-mode damping force output method.

4. The temperature-controllable magnetorheological damper with built-in gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling module is composed of an R290 refrigerant storage tank (5), an air outlet component (11), a refrigerator (21), a sensor (22), an R290 refrigerant flow chamber (24), an air transmission component (26) and a temperature sensor (27). When the temperature sensor senses that the temperature of the damper rises, the air transmission component and the air outlet component are started to output the R290 refrigerant. The R290 refrigerant circulates and flows in the refrigerant flow chamber to cool down. When the sensor detects that the temperature of the R290 refrigerant rises, the refrigerator is started to cool down the R290 refrigerant.

5. The temperature-controllable magnetorheological damper with built-in gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston head left end cover (25), the piston head (23), the driving gear (8) and the piston head right end cover (12) are respectively made of low-carbon steel magnetic conductive material, and the remaining parts are made of non-magnetic conductive material.

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