Mechanical double-anti-backlash gearbox

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear boxes, and discloses a mechanical double-anti-backlash gear box which comprises a box body, an input part arranged at the top of the box body, two output parts arranged at the bottom of the box body, an input shaft and two output shafts arranged in the box body, a transmission wheel arranged on the outer side of the input shaft, and driven wheels arranged on the outer sides of the output shafts. The fixed gear and the movable gear are arranged in a staggered mode, the elastic piece is arranged between the fixed gear and the movable gear and enables the fixed gear and the movable gear to keep the staggered relation, and the limiting ring is arranged on the outer side of the input shaft. According to the mechanical double-anti-backlash gearbox, the transmission wheel is arranged, so that teeth of the movable gear and the fixed gear are staggered, no gap exists between the transmission wheel and the driven wheel no matter the transmission wheel rotates forwards or reversely, and when the transmission wheel and the driven wheel are abraded, the elastic piece can continuously push the movable gear to fill the defect amount; therefore, equipment transmission is more accurate, and the accurate transmission state can be kept for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gearboxes, and in particular to a mechanical double-backlash-eliminating gearbox. Background Art

[0002] A gearbox is the core device of a mechanical transmission system. It realizes power transmission, speed regulation, and torque conversion through the meshing of gear pairs, and is widely used in industries such as industry, automobiles, aerospace, and robotics. Its core function is to control the transmission ratio through gears with different numbers of teeth, while withstanding complex loads and maintaining precision. Gearboxes are mainly divided into three categories: fixed-axis gearboxes (such as automotive gearboxes), planetary gearboxes (high-ratio transmission devices), and double-backlash-eliminating gearboxes (precision positioning scenarios).

[0003] In the patent with the publication number CN117212437A, a double-gear backlash-eliminating gearbox for a heavy-duty high-precision vertical feed tool rest is disclosed. A box cover is provided on one side of the box body, and a motor connected to the box body through a reducer. One end of the reducer connected to the box body is located inside the box body and is provided with a gear b, and a gear a meshing with the gear b is provided on the transmission shaft in the box body; helical gears A and C with opposite helix directions are also provided on the transmission shaft; a worm shaft I and a worm shaft II are provided in the box body. A helical gear B meshing with the helical gear A is provided at the front end of the former, and a helical gear D meshing with the helical gear C is provided at the front end of the latter; an output helical gear shaft I is provided in the box body, and a worm gear I meshing with the worm shaft I is provided at one end thereof; an output helical gear shaft II is provided in the box body, and a worm gear II meshing with the worm shaft II is provided at one end thereof. In the above solution, the transmission gears are symmetrically distributed, and a disc spring - pull stud structure is adopted inside to control and eliminate the clearance between the gears inside the gearbox. The output helical gear outside the gearbox matches with the rack to reduce the clearance of gear transmission.

[0004] The existing technology has the following defects: In many high-precision mechanical devices, such as numerically controlled machine tools, robots, aerospace equipment, etc., extremely high precision requirements are imposed on gear transmission; however, due to the inevitability of the structural design and the wear between structures of the gears in traditional gearboxes, there are gear clearances during the transmission process. Such clearances will cause transmission errors, vibrations, and noises, affecting the positioning accuracy and dynamic performance of the equipment. Especially under the working conditions of frequent forward and reverse rotations, the gear clearances will slow down the response speed of the system and even cause the phenomenon of motion lag, seriously reducing the working efficiency and reliability of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problem of transmission gaps existing between gears in the existing technology, a mechanical double-backlash-eliminating gearbox is proposed.

[0006] The present application provides a mechanical double-backlash-eliminating gearbox, and its purpose is to fill the transmission gaps existing between gears.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a mechanical double-backlash gearbox, which includes a box body, an input part arranged at the top of the box body, two output parts arranged at the bottom of the box body, a single input shaft and two output shafts arranged inside the box body, a driving wheel arranged outside the input shaft, a driven wheel arranged outside the output shaft. The driving wheel specifically includes a fixed gear and a moving gear arranged in a staggered manner, an elastic member arranged between the fixed gear and the moving gear to keep the two in a staggered relationship, and a limiting ring arranged outside the input shaft.

[0008] Further, there are two sets of the driving wheels, which are respectively engaged with the two driven wheels.

[0009] Further, both the fixed gear and the moving gear are sleeved outside the input shaft. The fixed gear is only axially slidably connected to the input shaft, and the moving gear is axially slidably connected to the input shaft and also rotationally connected in the circumferential direction.

[0010] Further, the driving wheel further includes a mounting groove opened on the side of the fixed gear close to the moving gear, an offset block and a positioning block arranged inside the mounting groove, an elastic member arranged between the offset block and the positioning block, and a positioning member arranged between the positioning block and the input shaft to fix the two; The inner diameter of the mounting groove is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed gear, and the offset block is connected to the fixed gear.

[0011] Further, the elastic member specifically includes a front plate and a rear plate arranged in the mounting groove, and two elastic sheets arranged between the front plate and the rear plate; The front plate and the rear plate are respectively attached to the offset block and the positioning block. Both elastic sheets are in a "V" shape, and the openings are opposite. The "V" angle of the elastic sheet closer to the central axis of the fixed gear is smaller than that of the other elastic sheet.

[0012] Further, the positioning member specifically includes a receiving groove opened on the side of the positioning block close to the input shaft, a positioning bolt and a positioning spring arranged inside the receiving groove, and a positioning groove opened on the surface of the input shaft; The positioning grooves are arranged in an array along the outer contour of the input shaft. The positioning bolt is inserted into the positioning groove, and the inserted part is set to be hemispherical.

[0013] Further, the driving wheel further includes an adjusting block arranged inside the mounting groove, a spring telescopic rod arranged between the adjusting block and the positioning block, and an adjusting component used to fix the two between the adjusting block and the fixed gear.

[0014] Further, the adjusting component specifically includes a sliding groove opened on the inner wall of the mounting groove, a sliding rod arranged inside the sliding groove, and the sliding rod extends out of the sliding groove and is fixedly connected to the adjusting block.

[0015] Further, the adjusting assembly further includes a rotating groove formed on the side of the fixed gear away from the moving gear, a rotating wheel disposed inside the rotating groove, and a sealing plate disposed at the opening of the rotating groove; The rotating groove communicates with the sliding groove, the rotating wheel meshes with the sliding rod, and a damping pad is disposed between the rotating wheel and the rotating groove.

[0016] Advantages of the present invention: 1. By providing a transmission wheel, the compressed elastic member gives a thrust to the offset block, causing the moving gear to deflect, and its teeth are misaligned with the fixed gear. In this way, the two teeth enter the tooth grooves of the driven wheel and respectively fit against the inner walls on both sides of the tooth grooves. Thus, there will be no gap between the transmission wheel and the driven wheel whether rotating forward or backward. Moreover, when the transmission wheel and the driven wheel are worn, the elastic member will continuously push the moving gear to fill this defective amount. In this way, not only the transmission of the device is more accurate, but also the accurate transmission state can be maintained for a long time.

[0017] 2. By providing an elastic member, the elastic member provides a continuous deflecting force for the fixed gear. At the same time, two elastic pieces are used, so that the elastic member can better adapt to the annular installation environment in the installation groove, making the device operate more stably and accurately.

[0018] 3. By providing a spring telescopic rod, as the fixed gear offsets, the elastic member will become more and more relaxed. When the balance point is reached, the spring telescopic rod will push the positioning block closer to the offset block. When the positioning member offsets one grid, the elastic member will be pressed again. In this way, there is always sufficient supporting force between the fixed gear and the moving gear, ensuring the stable transmission of the device. At the same time, through the spring telescopic rod to periodically supply pressure to the elastic member, the supporting force provided by the elastic member to the fixed gear and the moving gear changes with a small fluctuation, avoiding the situation of too loose or too tight meshing between the transmission wheel and the driven wheel.

[0019] 4. By providing a sliding rod, the rotating wheel can adjust the distance between the adjusting block and the positioning block, changing the initial compression amount of the spring telescopic rod, making the debugging of the device more convenient and the applicable range wider. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the mechanical double-backlash gearbox of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the inside of the box body of the present invention; Figure 3 is a diagram showing the meshing state of the transmission wheel and the driven wheel of the present invention; Figure 4 is an assembly schematic diagram of the transmission wheel and the limit ring of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the transmission wheel of the present invention; Figure 6 is an exploded view of the fixed gear and the moving gear of the present invention; Figure 7 Internal schematic diagram of the fixed gear of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the fixed gear of the present invention; Figure 9 Exploded view of the internal components of the fixed gear of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the elastic member of the present invention; Figure 11 Front view of the present invention; Figure 12 Front view of the transmission wheel of the present invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 12 Cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Housing; 2. Input part; 21. Input shaft; 3. Output part; 31. Output shaft; 4. Transmission wheel; 41. Fixed gear; 42. Movable gear; 43. Installation groove; 44. Offset block; 45. Positioning block; 46. Elastic member; 461. Front plate; 462. Rear plate; 463. Elastic sheet; 47. Positioning member; 471. Receiving groove; 472. Positioning bolt; 473. Positioning spring; 474. Positioning groove; 48. Adjusting block; 49. Spring telescopic rod; 410. Sliding groove; 411. Sliding rod; 412. Rotating groove; 413. Rotating wheel; 414. Sealing plate; 5. Driven wheel; 6. Limiting ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0023] Referring to Figures 1 - 14 , a mechanical double-backlash gearbox is provided, which includes a housing 1, an input part 2 provided on the top of the housing 1, two output parts 3 provided on the bottom of the housing 1, an input shaft 21 and two output shafts 31 provided inside the housing 1, a transmission wheel 4 provided outside the input shaft 21, a driven wheel 5 provided outside the output shaft 31, the transmission wheel 4 specifically includes a fixed gear 41 and a movable gear 42 arranged in a staggered manner, an elastic member 46 provided between the fixed gear 41 and the movable gear 42 to keep the two in a staggered relationship, and a limiting ring 6 provided outside the input shaft 21.

[0024] Specifically, the top of the input part 2 is connected to a driving motor. The input shaft 21 is connected to the input part 2, and the output shaft 31 is connected to the output part 3. The two output shafts 31 are distributed on both sides of the input shaft 21. There are two sets of transmission wheels 4, which are respectively engaged with two driven wheels 5. The fixed gear 41 and the moving gear 42 are both sleeved outside the input shaft 21. A corresponding limit buckle is provided between the fixed gear 41 and the input shaft 21. The fixed gear 41 is only axially slidably connected to the input shaft 21. When the fixed gear 41 slides to the set installation position, it is fixed by the limit buckle. The moving gear 42 can be both axially slidably connected and circumferentially rotatably connected to the input shaft 21. After the teeth of the fixed gear 41 and the moving gear 42 are misaligned, they enter the tooth grooves of the driven wheel 5 to achieve complete fitting without gaps. The limit ring 6 is threadedly connected to the input shaft 21 and fits on the surface of the fixed gear 41 or the moving gear 42 to prevent the fixed gear 41 or the moving gear 42 from falling off the input shaft 21.

[0025] The transmission wheel 4 further includes an installation groove 43 opened on the side of the fixed gear 41 close to the moving gear 42, an offset block 44 and a positioning block 45 arranged inside the installation groove 43, an elastic member 46 arranged between the offset block 44 and the positioning block 45, and a positioning member 47 arranged between the positioning block 45 and the input shaft 21 to fix the two.

[0026] Specifically, the inner diameter of the installation groove 43 is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed gear 41, that is, the installation groove 43 communicates with the inner ring side of the fixed gear 41. The offset block 44 is connected to the fixed gear 41. The installation groove 43 is opened around the input shaft 21, and the surrounding angle is less than 360°. The offset block 44 and the positioning block 45 are both slidably installed in the installation groove 43 and fixed to the moving gear 42 by bolts. The offset block 44 and the positioning block 45 both fit on the outside of the input shaft 21. The elastic member 46 is always compressed and pushes the offset block 44 to give a deflection force to the moving gear 42. The supporting force provided by the elastic member 46 is greater than the transmission resistance during the operation of the device.

[0027] By setting the transmission wheel 4, the compressed elastic member 46 gives a thrust to the offset block 44, causing the moving gear 42 to deflect, and its teeth are misaligned with those of the fixed gear 41. In this way, the two teeth enter the tooth grooves of the driven wheel 5 and respectively fit against the inner walls on both sides of the tooth grooves. In this way, no matter whether it rotates forward or backward, there will be no gap between the transmission wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5. Moreover, when the transmission wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5 are worn, the elastic member 46 will continuously push the moving gear 42 to fill this defective amount. In this way, not only the transmission of the device is more accurate, but also the accurate transmission state can be maintained for a long time.

[0028] The elastic member 46 specifically includes a front plate 461 and a rear plate 462 arranged in the installation groove 43, and two elastic sheets 463 arranged between the front plate 461 and the rear plate 462.

[0029] Specifically, the front plate 461 and the rear plate 462 are respectively in contact with the offset block 44 and the positioning block 45. Both of the two elastic pieces 463 are in a "V" shape with their openings facing each other. The "V" angle of the elastic piece 463 closer to the central axis of the fixed gear 41 is smaller than that of the other elastic piece 463. The front plate 461 and the rear plate 462 are both welded to the elastic pieces 463. There is an angle less than 90 degrees between the front plate 461 and the rear plate 462, and the tip of the angle faces the central axis of the fixed gear 41.

[0030] By providing the elastic member 46, the elastic member 46 provides a continuous deflecting force for the fixed gear 41. At the same time, two elastic pieces 463 are used, so that the elastic member 46 can better adapt to the annular installation environment in the installation groove 43, making the equipment operate more stably and accurately.

[0031] The positioning member 47 specifically includes a receiving groove 471 opened on the side of the positioning block 45 close to the input shaft 21, a positioning bolt 472 and a positioning spring 473 arranged inside the receiving groove 471, and a positioning groove 474 opened on the surface of the input shaft 21.

[0032] Specifically, the positioning grooves 474 are arranged in an array along the outer contour of the input shaft 21, and the distance between two adjacent positioning grooves 474 is smaller than the widths of the teeth of the fixed gear 41 and the moving gear 42. The positioning bolt 472 is inserted into the positioning groove 474, and the inserted part is set to be hemispherical. The force required to compress the positioning spring 473 is greater than the pushing force exerted by the elastic member 46 on the positioning block 45.

[0033] Specifically, the transmission wheel 4 further includes an adjusting block 48 arranged inside the installation groove 43, a spring telescopic rod 49 arranged between the adjusting block 48 and the positioning block 45, and an adjusting assembly for fixing the adjusting block 48 and the fixed gear 41. Connecting jacks are opened on the surfaces of the positioning block 45 and the adjusting block 48. Both ends of the spring telescopic rod 49 are respectively inserted into the two connecting jacks, and both ends of the spring telescopic rod 49 are respectively fixed in the positioning block 45 and the adjusting block 48 by bolts. The force required to compress the spring telescopic rod 49 is greater than the force required to compress the positioning spring 473 or the elastic member 46, and the force required to compress the spring telescopic rod 49 is less than the sum of the forces required to compress the positioning spring 473 and the elastic member 46.

[0034] By setting the spring telescopic rod 49, as the fixed gear 41 deflects, the elastic member 46 will become more and more loose. When the balance point is reached, the spring telescopic rod 49 will push the positioning block 45 closer to the offset block 44, and the positioning member 47 will deflect one grid, and the elastic member 46 will be pressed again. This ensures that there is always sufficient supporting force between the fixed gear 41 and the moving gear 42, guaranteeing the stable transmission of the equipment. At the same time, through the spring telescopic rod 49 to supplement the pressure of the elastic member 46 stage by stage, the supporting force provided by the elastic member 46 to the fixed gear 41 and the moving gear 42 has a small change range, avoiding the situation of too loose or too tight meshing between the driving wheel 4 and the driven wheel 5.

[0035] The adjusting assembly specifically includes a sliding groove 410 opened on the inner wall of the installation groove 43, a sliding rod 411 arranged inside the sliding groove 410, the sliding rod 411 extending out of the sliding groove 410 and fixedly connected to the adjusting block 48; the adjusting assembly further includes a rotating groove 412 opened on the side of the fixed gear 41 away from the moving gear 42, a rotating wheel 413 arranged inside the rotating groove 412, and a sealing plate 414 arranged at the opening of the rotating groove 412.

[0036] Specifically, one end of the sliding rod 411 away from the sliding groove 410 is inserted into the adjusting block 48 and fixed by bolts. The sliding rod 411 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 410. Tooth grooves are opened on the outer side of the sliding rod 411. The rotating groove 412 is communicated with the sliding groove 410, and the rotating wheel 413 meshes with the sliding rod 411. A damping pad is arranged between the rotating wheel 413 and the rotating groove 412 to increase the friction force between the two and prevent the rotating wheel 413 from deflecting by itself.

[0037] By setting the sliding rod 411, the rotating wheel 413 can adjust the distance between the adjusting block 48 and the positioning block 45, change the initial compression amount of the spring telescopic rod 49, making the debugging of the equipment more convenient and the applicable range wider.

[0038] The working principle of a mechanical double-backlash gearbox of the present invention is as follows: During installation, insert the sliding rod 411 and the spring telescopic rod 49 into both ends of the adjusting block 48 respectively, and fix them with bolts. Then insert the other end of the spring telescopic rod 49 into the positioning block 45 and fix it with bolts. Next, insert the positioning spring 473 and the positioning bolt 472 into the receiving groove 471 in sequence. Finally, place the adjusting block 48 and the positioning block 45 into the installation groove 43, and insert the sliding rod 411 into the sliding groove 410. Place the offset block 44 and the elastic member 46 into the installation groove 43, with the elastic member 46 positioned between the offset block 44 and the positioning block 45. Then attach the moving gear 42 to the opening of the installation groove 43 and fix the moving gear 42 and the offset block 44 with bolts. Flip the fixed gear 41, insert the rotating wheel 413 into the rotating groove 412 to make it mesh with the sliding rod 411, and then seal the opening of the rotating groove 412 with the sealing plate 414. Finally, sleeved the transmission wheel 4 on the outside of the input shaft 21 and fix it with the limiting ring 6.

[0039] During use, the elastic member 46 exerts a thrust on the offset block 44, causing the offset block 44 to drive the moving gear 42 to deflect, so that the teeth of the moving gear 42 and the fixed gear 41 are misaligned. The moving gear 42 and the fixed gear 41 are in contact with both sides of the tooth grooves of the driven wheel 5. At this time, the device is in a balanced state. When the fixed gear 41, the moving gear 42 and the driven wheel 5 are worn, resulting in a gap at the meshing part, the elastic member 46 will continuously push the offset block 44, causing the moving gear 42 to increase the deflection angle to fill the gap.

[0040] As the elastic member 46 expands, the force stored inside it continuously decreases. When the sum of the thrust of the elastic member 46 on the positioning block 45 and the binding force of the positioning bolt 472 on the positioning block 45 is less than the thrust of the spring telescopic rod 49 on the positioning block 45, the spring telescopic rod 49 will cause the positioning block 45 to break through the restriction of the positioning member 47 and slide towards the offset block 44. During this process, the positioning bolt 472 will first compress the positioning spring 473 to make it completely enter the receiving groove 471. Then when the receiving groove 471 slides to the opening of the next positioning groove 474 along with the positioning block 45, the positioning spring 473 will push the positioning bolt 472 into the positioning groove 474. And as the positioning block 45 moves, the elastic member 46 will be compressed to the initial state again. In this way, the sum of the thrust of the elastic member 46 on the positioning block 45 and the binding force of the positioning bolt 472 on the positioning block 45 is greater than the thrust of the spring telescopic rod 49 on the positioning block 45, and the device enters the balanced state again.

[0041] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox, comprising a box body (1), an input part (2) arranged at the top of the box body (1), two output parts (3) arranged at the bottom of the box body (1), a single input shaft (21) and two output shafts (31) arranged inside the box body (1), a transmission wheel (4) arranged outside the input shaft (21), a driven wheel (5) arranged outside the output shaft (31), characterized in that: The driving wheel (4) specifically includes a fixed gear (41) and a moving gear (42) arranged in a staggered manner, an elastic member (46) provided between the fixed gear (41) and the moving gear (42) to keep the two in a staggered relationship, and a limit ring (6) provided outside the input shaft (21).

2. The mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox according to claim 1, wherein: Two sets of the driving wheels (4) are provided and are respectively engaged with two driven wheels (5).

3. The mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox according to claim 2, wherein: Both the fixed gear (41) and the moving gear (42) are sleeved outside the input shaft (21). The fixed gear (41) is only axially slidably connected to the input shaft (21), and the moving gear (42) is both axially slidably connected and circumferentially rotatably connected to the input shaft (21).

4. The mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving wheel (4) further includes a mounting groove (43) opened on one side of the fixed gear (41) close to the moving gear (42), an offset block (44) and a positioning block (45) provided inside the mounting groove (43), an elastic member (46) provided between the offset block (44) and the positioning block (45), and a positioning member (47) provided between the positioning block (45) and the input shaft (21) to fix the two; The inner diameter of the mounting groove (43) is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed gear (41), and the offset block (44) is connected to the fixed gear (41).

5. The mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic member (46) specifically includes a front plate (461) and a rear plate (462) provided in the mounting groove (43), and two elastic sheets (463) provided between the front plate (461) and the rear plate (462); The front plate (461) and the rear plate (462) are respectively attached to the offset block (44) and the positioning block (45). Both elastic sheets (463) are in a "V" shape, and the openings are opposite. The "V" - shaped angle of the elastic sheet (463) closer to the central axis of the fixed gear (41) is smaller than that of the other elastic sheet (463).

6. The mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox according to claim 4, wherein: The positioning member (47) specifically includes a receiving groove (471) opened on one side of the positioning block (45) close to the input shaft (21), a positioning bolt (472) and a positioning spring (473) provided inside the receiving groove (471), and a positioning groove (474) opened on the surface of the input shaft (21); The positioning grooves (474) are arranged in an array along the outer contour of the input shaft (21). The positioning bolts (472) are inserted into the positioning grooves (474), and the inserted part is set to be hemispherical.

7. The mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox according to claim 4, wherein: The driving wheel (4) further includes an adjusting block (48) provided inside the mounting groove (43), a spring telescopic rod (49) provided between the adjusting block (48) and the positioning block (45), and an adjusting assembly for fixing the adjusting block (48) and the fixed gear (41).

8. The mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox according to claim 7, wherein: The adjusting assembly specifically includes a sliding groove (410) opened on the inner wall of the mounting groove (43), a sliding rod (411) provided inside the sliding groove (410), and the sliding rod (411) extends out of the sliding groove (410) and is fixedly connected to the adjusting block (48).

9. The mechanical double-backlash eliminating gearbox according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjusting assembly further includes a rotating groove (412) opened on one side of the fixed gear (41) away from the moving gear (42), a rotating wheel (413) provided inside the rotating groove (412), and a sealing plate (414) provided at the opening of the rotating groove (412); The rotation groove (412) communicates with the sliding groove (410), the rotation wheel (413) meshes with the sliding rod (411), and a damping pad is provided between the rotation wheel (413) and the rotation groove (412).

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