Rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration method for laser transceiving common-path system based on corner reflector / cube-corner prism

Abstract

The invention relates to a rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration method for a laser transceiving common-path system based on a corner reflector / cube-corner prism, relates to the technical field of optical-mechanical structures and adjustment, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a traditional method depends on large-scale detection equipment in a laboratory; and self online calibration of the laser transmit-receive common-path system cannot be realized. Comprising the following steps: a reference emission light path passes through a shaft; a self-reflection loop is formed based on the corner reflector / cube-corner prism, and adjustment is carried out to enable the convergence light spot to be minimum; angle adjustment is carried out based on an adjustment structure in each receiving sub light path; a self-reflection loop is formed, and adjustment is carried out to minimize a convergent light spot; angle adjustment is carried out based on an adjusting structure in each transmitting sub-light path, so that the imaging centroid positions in each receiving sub-light path are the same as far as possible. According to the method, the original path return principle of the corner reflector / cube-corner prism is utilized, precise pose adjustment is not needed, and the installation and adjustment complexity is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of opto-mechanical structures and alignment technologies, and particularly relates to a method for rapid alignment and self-calibration of the parallelism of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism. Background Art

[0002] To achieve the integration, integration, and miniaturization of various detection or communication systems, a high-quality optical antenna is often shared, and multiple laser sub-optical paths with different functions are realized by wavelength division or energy division. Such a laser transceiver common optical path system has gradually replaced the traditional single-function laser system and has become a common system structure in the fields of laser communication and laser ranging.

[0003] The laser transceiver common optical path system requires good parallelism between each optical path, especially the consistency between the core transmitting and receiving optical paths is the key to realizing the system functions and performance. The commonly used alignment method is to place the entire common optical path system on a multi-axis corrector based on a long focal length collimator and a beam quality analyzer, such as those disclosed in Chinese Patent Documents CN201721470630.0, CN201210080090.0, etc. for alignment. This traditional method relies on large-scale detection equipment in the laboratory, requires precise alignment of the on-axis field of view between the laser transceiver common optical path system and the traditional multi-axis corrector, and also places high requirements on the environmental stability and fixture stability during the alignment process. The traditional multi-axis corrector also cannot achieve the on-line calibration of the laser transceiver common optical path system itself, especially it is not suitable for the parallelism inspection and maintenance of the laser transceiver common optical path system used outdoors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the traditional method relies on large-scale detection equipment in the laboratory and cannot achieve the on-line calibration of the laser transceiver common optical path system itself, and provides a method for rapid alignment and self-calibration of the parallelism of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0006] A method for rapid alignment and self-calibration of the parallelism of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Pass one of the optical fiber optical paths with laser emission or reception through the axis, and the optical path after passing through the axis is used as the reference emission optical path; the remaining non-common optical path sub-optical paths are preliminarily connected;

[0008] Step 2: Place the corner reflector or corner cube prism at the first beam splitter of the system. Sequentially emit lasers with specific wavelengths that can be responded to by each receiving sub-optical path through the reference emission optical path. Based on the corner reflector or corner cube prism, form a self-reflection loop. At this time, a converging light spot is formed on the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path. Adjust the distance between the optical fiber of the reference emission optical path and the collimating lens, and adjust the relative distance between the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path and the lens to minimize the converging light spot.

[0009] Step 3: Based on the adjustment structures within each receiving sub-optical path, perform angle adjustment so that after the laser is self-reflected by the corner reflector or corner cube prism, it is imaged as much as possible at the center of the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path. The difference in the imaging centroid of each receiving sub-optical path is less than the parallelism index of the system.

[0010] Step 4: Switch to other emission sub-optical paths to emit lasers with specific wavelengths that can be responded to by each receiving sub-optical path. Similarly, based on the corner reflector or corner cube prism, form a self-reflection loop inside the system, and form a converging light spot on the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path. Adjust the relative distance between the emission optical fiber of each emission sub-optical path and the collimating lens to minimize the converging light spot.

[0011] Step 5: Based on the adjustment structures within each emission sub-optical path, perform angle adjustment so that after the laser is self-reflected by the corner reflector or corner cube prism, it is as close as possible to the imaging centroid position in each receiving sub-optical path in Step 3, and the difference is less than the parallelism index of the system.

[0012] In the above technical solution, taking the reference receiving optical path as a comparison, the parallelism error of each receiving sub-optical path when performing angle adjustment based on the adjustment structures within each receiving sub-optical path in Step 3 is:

[0013] EX Ji =X Ji *S i / P, EY Ji =Y Ji *S i / P;

[0014] Among them, S i represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the i-th receiving sub-optical path, with the unit of urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Ji and Y Ji are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the i-th receiving sub-optical path respectively, and EX Ji and EY Ji are the parallelism errors of the X-axis and Y-axis of the i-th receiving sub-optical path respectively.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the parallelism error of each emission sub-optical path when performing angle adjustment based on the adjustment structures within each emission sub-optical path in Step 5 is:

[0016] EX Fi = X Fi * S1 / P, EY Fi = Y Fi * S1 / P;

[0017] Wherein, S1 represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the first receiving sub - optical path, with the unit of urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Fi and Y Fi are respectively the X - axis and Y - axis coordinates of the centroid position of the ith transmitting sub - optical path, EX Fi and EY Fi are respectively the X - axis and Y - axis coordinates of the parallelism error of the ith transmitting sub - optical path.

[0018] In the above - mentioned technical solution, after step 5, there is also a step: calculating the parallelism between any two optical paths by the coordinate difference; specifically:

[0019] The parallelism between the ith transmitting optical path and the jth transmitting optical path is:

[0020] EX Fi-j = (X Fi - X Fj ) * S i / P, EY Fi-j = (Y Fi - Y Fj ) * S i / P;

[0021] Wherein, S i represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the ith receiving sub - optical path, with the unit of urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Fi and Y Fi are respectively the X - axis and Y - axis coordinates of the centroid position of the ith transmitting sub - optical path, X Fj and Y Fj are respectively the X - axis and Y - axis coordinates of the centroid position of the jth transmitting sub - optical path, EX Fi-j and EY Fi-j are respectively the X - axis and Y - axis coordinates of the parallelism error between the ith optical path and the jth optical path.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of the laser transceiver common optical path system based on corner reflector / corner cube prism of the present invention utilizes the original path return principle of the corner reflector / corner cube prism and does not require precise posture adjustment, which greatly reduces the complexity of adjustment. This method does not rely on external detection equipment. The parallelism detection optical path can be built with the help of the corner reflector / corner cube prism and the system's own optical path, and has the characteristics of simplicity and low cost. In addition, the corner reflector can be integrated as a part of the system itself, so that the system has the ability to self-calibrate outdoors. In particular, when the parallelism changes due to the influence of the outdoor environment, the self-calibration method can be used for in-situ adjustment without returning to the factory. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of a typical ground relay optical path system for satellite-to-ground laser communications.

[0027] The reference numerals in the figures indicate:

[0028] 1-first beam splitter; 2-corner reflector; 3-capture optical path imaging lens; 4-capture detector; 5-precision tracking detector; 6-precision tracking imaging lens; 7-precision tracking sub-optical path reflector; 8-third beam splitter; 9-signal coupling fiber coupling lens; 10-signal coupling fiber; 11-second beam splitter; 12-fast reflection mirror; 13-beacon transmission fiber; 14-beacon transmission collimating lens; 15-beacon transmission sub-optical path reflector; 16-optical antenna. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The inventive concept of the present invention is:

[0030] The method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism of the present invention can use the functional optical path of the system itself as a detection optical path for adjustment and self-calibration without relying on external detection instruments.

[0031] The core of the method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of the common optical path system for laser transmission and reception based on corner reflectors / corner cube prisms of the present invention lies in the original path return principle based on corner reflectors / corner cube prisms, which enables the system's own optical path to be used as a calibration test optical path, which is equivalent to completing the system's own adjustment while building the test optical path.

[0032] The corner reflector / corner cube prism has the characteristics of a retroreflector, making the method of the present invention not require precise adjustment of the attitude and position of the corner reflector / corner cube prism, greatly simplifying the alignment process.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, the steps of the method for rapid alignment and self-calibration of the parallelism of the laser transceiver common optical path system based on the corner reflector / corner cube prism of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] Step 1: Pass one of the optical fiber optical paths with laser emission or reception through the axis. The optical path after passing through the axis is used as the reference common optical path part, called the reference emission optical path. Preliminarily connect the remaining non-common optical path parts according to the layout scheme of the opto-mechanical structure.

[0035] Step 2: Place the corner reflector or corner cube prism at the first beam splitter of the system. Through the reference emission optical path, emit lasers with specific wavelengths that can be responded to by each receiving sub-optical path in turn. Based on the corner reflector or corner cube prism, form a self-reflection loop. At this time, convergent light spots will be formed on the target surfaces of each receiving sub-optical path. Adjust the distance between the optical fiber of the reference emission optical path and the collimating lens, and adjust the relative distance between the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path and the lens to make the convergent light spot the smallest;

[0036] Step 3: Based on the adjustment structure in each receiving sub-optical path (non-common optical path part), perform angle adjustment so that after the laser is self-reflected by the corner reflector or corner cube prism, it can be imaged as much as possible at the center of the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path. The imaging centroid difference of each receiving sub-optical path should be less than the parallelism index of the system. Suppose there are m receiving sub-optical paths, and record their centroid positions as (X J1 , Y J1 ), (X J2 , Y J2 )…(X Jm ,

[0037] Y Jm ), then the parallelism alignment of each receiving sub-optical path and the reference emission optical path is completed.

[0038] Step 4: Use other emission sub-optical paths to emit lasers with specific wavelengths that can be responded to by each receiving sub-optical path. Similarly, based on the corner reflector or corner cube prism, form a self-reflection loop inside the system, and form convergent light spots on the target surfaces of each receiving sub-optical path. Adjust the relative distance between the emission optical fiber of each emission sub-optical path and the collimating lens to make the convergent light spot the smallest;

[0039] Step 5: Based on the adjustment structure in each emission sub-optical path (non-common optical path part), perform angle adjustment so that after the laser is self-reflected by the corner reflector or corner cube prism, it is as close as possible to the imaging centroid position in each receiving sub-optical path in Step 3, and the difference should be less than the parallelism index of the system. Suppose there are n emission sub-optical paths, and record the centroid positions at this time as (XF1 , Y F1 ), (X F2 , Y F2 ), … (X Fn , Y Fn ), the parallelism alignment of each transmitting sub-optical path with the reference optical path and each receiving sub-optical path is completed.

[0040] In step 1, the corner reflector can be permanently placed in the system as part of the laser transceiver common optical path system itself.

[0041] The receiving sub-optical path represents an optical path with imaging ability, and the transmitting sub-optical path represents an optical path with laser emission or laser coupling.

[0042] The coordinates of the center of the detector target surface of each receiving sub-optical path are defined as (0, 0).

[0043] Select one reference receiving optical path. Assume that the ideal imaging position of the reference transmitting optical path on the reference receiving optical path is (0, 0). Taking the reference receiving optical path as a reference, the parallelism error of each receiving sub-optical path in step 3 can be calculated as:

[0044] EX Ji = X Ji * S i / P, EY Ji = Y Ji * S i / P.

[0045] Among them, S i represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the i-th receiving sub-optical path, with the unit of urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Ji and Y Ji are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the i-th receiving sub-optical path respectively, and EX Ji and EY Ji are the parallelism errors of the X-axis and Y-axis of the i-th receiving sub-optical path respectively.

[0046] Assume that the ideal imaging position of the reference transmitting optical path on the reference receiving optical path is (0, 0). The parallelism error of each transmitting sub-optical path in step 5 can be calculated as:

[0047] EX Fi = X Fi * S1 / P, EY Fi = Y Fi * S1 / P.

[0048] Among them, S1 represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the first receiving sub-optical path, with the unit of urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Fi and Y FiThe X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the i-th emission sub-optical path, respectively, EX Fi and EY Fi The X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the parallelism error of the i-th emission sub-optical path, respectively.

[0049] The parallelism between any two optical paths can also be calculated using the above calculation method with the coordinate difference. The parallelism between the i-th emission optical path and the j-th emission optical path is:

[0050] EX Fi-j =(X Fi -X Fj )*S i / P, EY Fi-j =(Y Fi -Y Fj )*S i / P;

[0051] where S i represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the i-th receiving sub-optical path, with the unit of urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Fi and Y Fi are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the i-th emission sub-optical path, respectively, X Fj and Y Fj are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the j-th emission sub-optical path, respectively, EX Fi-j and EY Fi-j are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the parallelism error between the i-th optical path and the j-th optical path, respectively.

[0052] Taking the parallelism between the first emission optical path and the second emission optical path as an example, then:

[0053] EX F1-2 =(X F1 -X F2 )*S1 / P, EY F1-2 =(Y F1 -Y F2 )*S1 / P;

[0054] where S1 represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the first receiving sub-optical path, with the unit of urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X F1 and Y F1 are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the first emission sub-optical path, respectively, X F2 and Y F2 are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the second emission sub-optical path, respectively, EX F1-2 and EY F1-2 are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the parallelism error between the first optical path and the second optical path, respectively.

[0055] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Below in combination with the attached Figure 2 A further detailed description of the implementation of the technical solution of the present invention is made to more clearly explain the characteristics of the method proposed by the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. Any solution or product that uses the principle of retroreflection of a corner reflector / corner cube prism to return along the original path and then forms a detection and self-calibration optical path with its own optical path in a laser system with multiple optical axes belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] The optical path structure of a typical ground relay optical path system for satellite-to-ground laser communication is as Figure 2 shown. Its laser transceiver common optical path system contains a total of 4 optical paths and shares an optical antenna 16. Among them, the 2 receiving optical paths are respectively: the acquisition detection optical path composed of the acquisition optical path imaging lens 3 and the acquisition detector 4; the fine tracking detection optical path composed of the fine tracking detector 5 and the fine tracking imaging lens 6. The 2 transmitting optical paths are the signal coupling optical path composed of the signal coupling fiber coupling lens 9 and the signal coupling fiber 10, and the signal transmitting optical path composed of the beacon transmitting sub-path mirror 15, the beacon transmitting collimating lens 14, and the beacon transmitting fiber 13. Among them, both the acquisition detection optical path and the fine tracking detection optical path can respond to the 1550 nm wavelength. The pixel resolution of the acquisition detection optical path is 100 urad, the pixel resolution of the fine tracking detection optical path is 75 urad, and the magnification of the optical antenna 16 is 100.

[0058] The method for rapid alignment and self-calibration of the parallelism of the laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism of the present invention is as follows:

[0059] Step 1: Use the signal coupling optical path as the reference transmitting optical path, that is, the first beam splitter 1, the second beam splitter 11, the fast steering mirror 12, the third beam splitter 8, the signal coupling fiber coupling lens 9, and the signal coupling fiber 10 form the reference transmitting optical path. The signal coupling fiber 10 is connected to a 1550 nm wavelength laser, and observe the coverage of the light spot on each optical element to ensure that there is no light blocking, that is, the axis passing of the reference transmitting optical path is completed.

[0060] Step 2: Place the corner reflector at the first beam splitter 1, and connect the 1550nm wavelength laser to the signal coupling fiber 10. At this time, the laser is collimated into parallel light through the signal coupling fiber 10, and sequentially passes through the signal coupling fiber coupling lens 9, the third beam splitter 8, the fast reflection mirror 12, the second beam splitter 11, and the first beam splitter 1 to reach the corner reflector 2. Based on the original path return principle of the corner reflector 2, the light beam reaching the corner reflector 2 returns to the first beam splitter 1. After a part of the light beam is reflected from the first beam splitter 1, it is converged into a light spot on the target surface of the capture detector 4 through the capture light path imaging lens 3. The relative distance between the capture light path imaging lens 3 and the capture detector 4 is adjusted to minimize the diameter of the light spot. Another part of the light beam is refracted from the first beam splitter 1 and converges into a light spot on the target surface of the fine tracking detector 5 through the second beam splitter 11, the fast reflection mirror 12, the third beam splitter 8, the fine tracking sub-optical path reflector 7, and the fine tracking imaging lens 6. Similarly, the relative distance between the fine tracking imaging lens 6 and the fine tracking detector 5 is adjusted to minimize the diameter of the light spot. The relative distance between the signal coupling fiber coupling lens 9 and the signal coupling fiber 10 is adjusted to minimize the diameter of the light spot.

[0061] Step 3: Define the central position coordinates of the capture detector 4 and the fine tracking detector 5 as (0, 0). Adjust the posture of the capture detector 4 relative to the capture optical path imaging lens 3 so that the light spot in the capture detector 4 is as close to the center of the target surface as possible, and record the center coordinates of the light spot as (0, 1). Similarly, adjust the posture of the fine tracking sub-optical path reflector 7 so that the light spot in the fine tracking detector 5 is as close to the center of the target surface as possible, and record the center coordinates of the light spot as (1, 2).

[0062] but:

[0063] The parallelism between the precise tracking detection optical path and the coupling optical path is:

[0064] EX J1 =1*75 / 100=0.75urad, EY J1 =2*75 / 100=1.5urad.

[0065] The parallelism between the capture detection optical path and the coupling optical path is:

[0066] EX J2 =0*100 / 100=0urad,EY J2 =1*100 / 100=1urad.

[0067] The parallelism error between the precision tracking detection optical path and the capture detection optical path is:

[0068] EX J1-2 =(0-1)*75 / 100=-0.75urad,EY J1-2=(1-2)*75 / 100=-0.75urad.

[0069] Step 4: The beacon transmitting optical fiber 13 is connected to a 1550nm wavelength laser. Similar to step 2, it can also be imaged as a light spot on the target surface of the capture detector 4 and the precision tracking detector 5. The relative distance between the beacon transmitting collimating lens 14 and the beacon transmitting optical fiber 13 is adjusted to minimize the diameter of the light spot.

[0070] Step 5: Adjust the posture of the beacon emission sub-light path reflector 15 so that the imaging spot in the fine tracking detector 5 is as close as possible to (X J2 , Y J2 ) is (1, 2) in step 3, and the actual center of mass coordinates of the light spot at this time are recorded as (2, -2).

[0071] but:

[0072] The parallelism between the signal emission sub-path and the coupling optical path is:

[0073] EX F1 =2*75 / 100=1.5urad, EY F1 =-2*75 / 100=-1.5urad;

[0074] The parallelism error between the signal emission sub-optical path and the precision tracking detection optical path is:

[0075] EX F1-1 =(1-2)*75 / 100=-0.75urad,EY F1-1 =(2-(-2))*75 / 100=3urad.

[0076] The method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of the laser transceiver common optical path system based on corner reflector / corner cube prism of the present invention utilizes the original path return principle of the corner reflector / corner cube prism and does not require precise posture adjustment, which greatly reduces the complexity of adjustment. This method does not rely on external detection equipment. The parallelism detection optical path can be built with the help of the corner reflector / corner cube prism and the system's own optical path, and has the characteristics of simplicity and low cost. In addition, the corner reflector can be integrated as a part of the system itself, so that the system has the ability to self-calibrate outdoors. In particular, when the parallelism changes due to the influence of the outdoor environment, the self-calibration method can be used for in-situ adjustment without returning to the factory.

[0077] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Pass one of the optical fiber paths with laser emission or reception through the axis, and use the optical path after passing through the axis as the reference emission optical path; make preliminary connections for the remaining sub-optical paths that are not common optical paths; Step 2: Place a corner reflector or a corner cube prism at the first beam splitter of the system, and sequentially emit lasers with specific wavelengths that can be responded to by each receiving sub-optical path through the reference emission light path, and form a self-reflection loop based on the corner reflector or the corner cube prism. At this time, a convergent light spot is formed on the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path, and the distance between the reference emission light path optical fiber and the collimating lens is adjusted, and the relative distance between the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path and the lens is adjusted to minimize the convergent light spot; Step 3: Angle adjustment is performed based on the adjustment structure in each receiving sub-optical path, so that the laser is imaged as much as possible in the center of the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path after self-reflection by the corner reflector or corner cube prism, and the difference in the imaging center of mass of each receiving sub-optical path is less than the parallelism index of the system; Step 4: Use other emitting sub-optical paths to emit lasers with specific wavelengths that each receiving sub-optical path can respond to. Similarly, based on the corner reflector or corner cube prism, a self-reflection loop is formed inside the system to form a converging light spot on the target surface of each receiving sub-optical path. Adjust the relative distance between the emitting optical fiber of each emitting sub-optical path and the collimating lens to minimize the converging light spot. Step 5: Perform angle adjustment based on the adjustment structure in each emitting sub-optical path so that the laser, after self-reflection by the corner reflector or corner cube prism, is as close as possible to the imaging center of mass position in each receiving sub-optical path in step 3, and the difference is less than the parallelism index of the system.

2. The method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the reference receiving optical path as a reference, the parallelism error of each receiving sub-optical path when the angle adjustment is performed based on the adjustment structure in each receiving sub-optical path in step 3 is: EX Ji =X Ji *S i / P,EY Ji =Y Ji *S i / P; Among them, S i represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the i-th receiving sub-optical path, in urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Ji and Y Ji are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the i-th receiving sub-path, EX Ji and EY Ji are the parallelism errors of the X-axis and Y-axis of the i-th receiving sub-optical path respectively.

3. The method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallelism error of each emitting sub-light path when the angle adjustment is performed based on the adjustment structure in each emitting sub-light path in step 5 is: EX Fi =X Fi *S1 / P,EY Fi =Y Fi *S1 / P; Where S1 represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the first receiving sub-optical path, in urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Fi and Y Fi are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the ith emission sub-path, EX Fi and EY Fi are the parallelism errors of the X-axis and Y-axis of the i-th emission sub-path, respectively.

4. The method for rapid parallelism adjustment and self-calibration of a laser transceiver common optical path system based on a corner reflector / corner cube prism according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step 5, there is also a step of calculating the parallelism between any two light paths using the coordinate difference; specifically: The parallelism between the ith emission light path and the jth emission light path is: EX Fi-j =(X Fi -X Fj )*S i / P,EY Fi-j =(Y Fi -Y Fj )*S i / P; Among them, S i represents the pixel resolution of the camera in the i-th receiving sub-optical path, in urad; P is the magnification of the optical antenna; X Fi and Y Fi are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the ith emission sub-path, respectively. Fj and Y Fj are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the centroid position of the j-th emission sub-path, EX Fi-j and EY Fi-j are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the parallelism error between the ith optical path and the jth optical path, respectively.

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