A dam safety multi-source data sensing and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of dam safety early warning, and particularly relates to a dam safety multi-source data sensing and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function. The terminal can monitor the data such as water level, deformation, seepage, seepage pressure and strain of the dam in real time. The monitoring terminal is internally provided with a containing cavity and a driving mechanism, which can dynamically adjust the position of the radar water level sensor to update real-time water level data. When the dam is abnormal, the system automatically sends an early warning signal, and transmits the alarm to the remote monitoring center through the communication module. In addition, the structural design of the monitoring terminal adopts elastic connecting pieces and special-shaped connecting rods, which enhances the stability and anti-interference ability of the equipment. Through the linkage of the first touch switch, the second touch switch and the alarm lamp, the system can timely send a warning during the sensor adjustment process, and improve the emergency response ability. The application effectively solves the problems of low data precision, slow response and inflexible monitoring equipment in the traditional dam monitoring system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of dam safety early warning, and particularly relates to a dam safety multi-source data sensing and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of dam safety monitoring, data acquisition devices are one of the core components of dam safety monitoring systems. Traditional methods mainly rely on fixed-position and range sensors for data collection. These sensors are usually preset at key positions to monitor dam seepage flow, leakage, displacement, and strain, etc. When the dam appears abnormal, the sensors will capture relevant data and send it to the monitoring center to support professional personnel in analysis and decision-making. However, as the requirements for dam safety monitoring continue to increase, higher requirements are put forward for the accuracy, efficiency and comprehensiveness of monitoring.

[0003] Although the existing technology can realize the automation of dam safety monitoring, it has obvious defects. On the one hand, fixed-position and range sensors may not accurately capture the source and range of abnormalities, resulting in limited monitoring accuracy. On the other hand, traditional stress monitoring equipment can only provide single-point data, making it difficult to fully reflect the stress distribution inside the dam, and the response speed to changes in dam structure is slow. In addition, most existing early warning systems are based on threshold judgment, lacking sufficient intelligence and flexibility, making it difficult to identify and handle potential safety hazards in the dam in a timely manner. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a monitoring terminal that can adapt to dam deformation and realize high-precision real-time monitoring and intelligent early warning. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a dam safety multi-source data sensing and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function to solve the technical problems of large measurement error and untimely warning caused by dam deformation and water level fluctuation in dam safety monitoring in the prior art.

[0005] The present application achieves the above-mentioned purposes through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a dam safety multi-source data sensing and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function, comprising a monitoring terminal, which is provided with a camera, a deformation monitoring sensor, and a radar water level sensor; a seepage flow sensor, a strain gauge, and a osmotic pressure gauge are pre-buried inside the dam;

[0007] It also includes a data analysis module and a communication and early warning module. The data analysis module is used to analyze water level, seepage, osmotic pressure, and stress and strain data in combination with a pre-set different abnormal state analysis library, and output control signals under different abnormal states. The communication and early warning module is used to transmit signals to a remote monitoring center under the different abnormal states to realize the early warning function;

[0008] The monitoring terminal is internally provided with a containing cavity for longitudinal movement of the radar water level sensor, and a driving mechanism for adjusting the longitudinal position of the radar water level sensor is arranged above the containing cavity; the driving mechanism is used for responding to a control signal to control the radar water level sensor to move up / down to update the reservoir water level data.

[0009] Further, a group of the seepage flow sensors, strain gauges and osmotic pressure gauges are pre-buried below each of the monitoring terminals on the dam; and at least three monitoring terminals are arranged on the dam.

[0010] Further, the preset different abnormal states include:

[0011] When the deformation, osmotic pressure and seepage data all exceed the set threshold value, and present an increasing trend within a set period, and the difference between the reservoir water level data collected by one or more monitoring terminals and the reservoir water level data collected by other monitoring terminals exceeds a set value, it is indicated that the dam enters an alarm state;

[0012] When at least two of the reservoir water level data, deformation, seepage, osmotic pressure and stress-strain data exceed the set threshold value, it is indicated that the dam enters a technical early warning state;

[0013] When at least one of the reservoir water level data, deformation, seepage, osmotic pressure and stress-strain data exceeds the set threshold value, but does not exceed the design allowable value or the historical maximum value, it is indicated that the dam enters a reminding state.

[0014] Further, the data analysis module includes:

[0015] The first analysis unit is used for generating the control signal and the early warning signal when the dam enters the alarm state;

[0016] The second analysis unit is used for generating the early warning signal when the dam enters the technical early warning state;

[0017] The third analysis unit is used for generating a reminding signal when the dam enters the reminding state.

[0018] Further, a limiting base is arranged on the column on which the monitoring terminal is installed, a special-shaped connecting rod is movably connected to the upper end of the limiting base, the end of the special-shaped connecting rod is connected to the monitoring terminal, and an elastic connecting piece is arranged between the limiting base and the special-shaped connecting rod; wherein the sliding direction of the special-shaped connecting rod relative to the limiting base is perpendicular to the plane on which the dam is located.

[0019] Further, a supporting frame is arranged inside the monitoring terminal, the containing cavity is located inside the supporting frame, a connecting box is arranged at the top of the containing cavity, a starting channel is formed in the connecting box and communicates with the containing cavity, the starting channel communicates with the output end of an air pump arranged on the limiting base, and a piston plate is arranged in the starting channel; an elastic piece is arranged between the mounting end of the radar water level sensor and the inner wall of the containing cavity.

[0020] Furthermore, the monitoring terminal is equipped with an alarm light on its top, and a first contact switch and a second contact switch are respectively located on the inner wall of the start channel below / on the piston plate. Both the first contact switch and the second contact switch are used to activate the alarm light during the piston plate's upward / downward movement.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention, through an innovative automatic adjustment mechanism, enables the monitoring terminal to respond in real time to dam settlement or rise, maintaining a stable relative position with the water surface, thereby ensuring the accuracy of data collected by the radar water level sensor. Simultaneously, combined with an advanced early warning system, it can quickly trigger alarms when safety hazards such as abnormal water levels or structural deformation occur in the dam, providing timely warning information to management personnel. This not only improves the response speed of dam safety monitoring but also effectively reduces potential risks caused by dam safety issues, providing solid technical support for the safe operation of the reservoir.

[0023] 2. In this invention, the monitoring terminal utilizes multiple sensors to accurately identify internal stress and water level differences. An intelligent air pump drives a piston plate to move within the receiving cavity, thereby causing the water level sensor to adaptively adjust its position. This technology significantly improves the flexibility and accuracy of dam safety monitoring, ensuring that the water level sensor maintains optimal measurement conditions even during water level fluctuations or dam deformation. This design not only effectively reduces measurement errors caused by environmental factors but also enhances the response speed and stability of the monitoring system, providing solid technical support for timely early warning of dam safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an overall architecture diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structural layout of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the monitoring terminal in this invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the monitoring terminal in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the limiting base and the irregular connecting rod in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the accommodating cavity and connecting box in this invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0031] Figures 1-7 In the middle: 11. Column; 12. Photovoltaic module; 13. Limiting base; 14. Air pump; 15. Irregular connecting rod; 16. Monitoring terminal; 17. Alarm light; 18. Pressure relief valve; 19. Support frame; 20. Receiving cavity; 21. Connecting box; 22. Battery; 23. Elastic connector; 24. Air pipe; 25. Elastic component; 26. Start-up channel; 27. Piston plate; 28. First contact switch; 29. ​​Second contact switch; 100. Data analysis module; 200. Communication and early warning module; 101. Camera; 102. Deformation monitoring sensor; 103. Radar water level sensor; 104. Seepage flow sensor; 105. Strain gauge; 106. Piezometer; 301. First analysis unit; 302. Second analysis unit; 303. Third analysis unit. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Please combine Figures 1-4 This embodiment proposes a dam safety multi-source data sensing and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element acquisition capabilities, including a monitoring terminal 16 equipped with a camera 101, a deformation monitoring sensor 102, and a radar water level sensor 103; seepage flow sensor 104, strain gauge 105, and piezometer 106 are pre-embedded inside the dam; it also includes a data analysis module 100 and a communication and early warning module 200. The data analysis module 100 is used to analyze reservoir water level, seepage, seepage pressure, and stress-strain data in conjunction with preset data for different abnormal states, and output control signals under different abnormal states; these sensors can... The system monitors various safety data of the dam in real time, including key indicators such as water level, deformation, seepage, stress, strain, and seepage pressure, to ensure real-time perception of the dam's condition. The communication and early warning module 200 is used to transmit signals to the remote monitoring center under different abnormal conditions to realize the early warning function. The monitoring terminal 16 is equipped with a housing cavity 20 for the longitudinal movement of the radar water level sensor 103. Above the housing cavity 20 is a drive mechanism for adjusting the longitudinal position of the radar water level sensor 103. The drive mechanism is used to respond to control signals to control the radar water level sensor 103 to move up / down to update the collected reservoir water level data.

[0035] In actual implementation, the relative position between the radar water level sensor 103 and the dam may change in the case of dam settlement or uplift. These changes may cause the radar beam to fail to accurately cover the target water area, or the radar signal to be additionally attenuated, scattered or interfered during transmission and reception. These factors may adversely affect the collection accuracy of the radar water level sensor 103. Based on the above defects, when the dam settles or uplifts, the corresponding sensor or monitoring system detects this change and outputs a control signal. These signals can be used to drive the moving mechanism of the radar water level sensor, so that it can move up and down with the deformation of the dam, thereby keeping its relative position with the dam stable. In this way, even if the dam settles or uplifts, the radar water level sensor 103 can always remain in the optimal measurement position, ensuring the accuracy of its collected data.

[0036] It can be understood that the dam safety multi-source data perception and early warning terminal of the present application includes a monitoring terminal 16, a data analysis module 100 and a communication and early warning module 200. The monitoring terminal 16 is provided with a camera 101, a deformation monitoring sensor 102 and a radar water level sensor 103 for real-time collection of image information, deformation information and reservoir water level data on the surface of the dam. At the same time, a seepage flow sensor 104, a strain gauge 105 and a seepage pressure gauge 106 are pre-buried inside the dam for monitoring the seepage flow, stress and strain and seepage pressure inside the dam.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, a set of seepage flow sensors 104, strain gauges 105 and seepage pressure gauges 106 are pre-buried under each monitoring terminal 16 on the dam; and at least three monitoring terminals 16 are provided on the dam.

[0038] In actual implementation, the seepage flow sensor 104 should be buried inside the dam body. In actual implementation, it can also be buried at the dam foot, generally in the foundation grouting gallery or the dam toe. The burial method is as follows: during the construction or maintenance of the dam, an installation hole is drilled in advance at the predetermined position. The seepage flow sensor 104 is fixed in the installation hole and is ensured to be tightly combined with the surrounding concrete to prevent water leakage. The sensor should be connected with a data transmission line to transmit the measured data to the data analysis module 100. The strain gauge 105 should be buried at the key stress position of the dam, such as the dam foundation, dam abutment or inside the dam body, to monitor the strain change of the dam under stress. The seepage pressure gauge 106 should be buried in the potential leakage area of the dam or the position where the upstream and downstream water levels change greatly, to monitor the seepage pressure and leakage inside the dam.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the different abnormal states include:

[0040] When the deformation, seepage pressure, and seepage data all exceed the set threshold values and show an increase within the set period, and the difference between the reservoir water level data collected by one or more monitoring terminals 16 and the reservoir water level data collected by other monitoring terminals 16 exceeds the set value, the trend indicates that the dam may have cracks, landslides, settlements, or other serious problems, indicating that the dam may have structural problems. If the difference in reservoir water level data from different monitoring terminals is too large (i.e., there is a significant difference in water levels at different locations of the dam), such as abnormality in the discharge system or certain parts of the dam, it may cause uneven water flow or unstable structure; the occurrence of the above situations simultaneously indicates that the dam enters an alarm state.

[0041] In the alarm state, the system should immediately trigger a warning signal and send an alarm to the remote monitoring center through the communication and warning module 200, reporting to relevant personnel about the possible crisis. The alarm state usually requires emergency response measures to be taken within the shortest time, such as reducing water pressure, activating reinforcement facilities, or evacuating personnel.

[0042] When at least two of the reservoir water level data, deformation, seepage, seepage pressure, and stress-strain data exceed the set threshold values, the dam enters a technical warning state, which means that the dam has technical abnormalities that need attention, but these abnormalities do not immediately threaten the overall safety of the dam and require further detection and monitoring. In the technical warning state, although there is a potential risk to the dam, it is still within a controllable range.

[0043] When at least one of the reservoir water level data, deformation, seepage, seepage pressure, and stress-strain data exceeds the set threshold value but does not exceed the design allowable value or the historical maximum value, the dam enters a reminder state. For example, a higher water level or stress value may indicate that the pressure of the reservoir has increased, but it has not reached a direct threat level.

[0044] In this state, although the data changes have exceeded the normal range, there are no signs of dam instability. At this time, the system will issue a reminder signal to remind staff to strengthen observation and obtain more data by adjusting the monitoring strategy (such as adjusting the monitoring location or frequency) to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the dam's condition.

[0045] In some preferred embodiments, the data analysis module 300 includes a first analysis unit 301 and a second analysis unit 302, the first analysis unit 301 is used to generate a control signal and a warning signal when the dam enters an alarm state; the second analysis unit 302 is used to generate a warning signal when the dam enters a technical warning state; and the third analysis unit 303 is used to generate a reminder signal when the dam enters a reminder state.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 3-7In some preferred embodiments, a limiting base 13 is provided on the column 11 where the monitoring terminal 16 is installed, and an irregularly shaped connecting rod 15 is movably slidably connected to the upper end of the limiting base 13 (in specific implementation, the irregularly shaped connecting rod can be an L-shaped connecting rod, such as...). Figure 3 As shown, the end of the irregularly shaped connecting rod 15 is connected to the monitoring terminal 16. An elastic connector 23 (such as a rubber pad or spring, which can absorb and disperse ground strain energy, reducing direct impact on the column) is provided between the limiting base 13 and the irregularly shaped connecting rod 15. The sliding direction of the irregularly shaped connecting rod 15 relative to the limiting base 13 is perpendicular to the plane of the dam, allowing the monitoring terminal 16 to be fine-tuned within a certain range to adapt to minor deformations on the dam surface. The sliding direction of the irregularly shaped connecting rod 15 relative to the limiting base 13 is perpendicular to the plane of the dam, ensuring that the monitoring terminal 16 can be raised and lowered vertically.

[0047] The monitoring terminal 16 has a support frame 19 inside, and a receiving cavity 20 is located inside the support frame 19. A connecting box 21 is provided on the top of the receiving cavity 20. The connecting box 21 has a start channel 26 that communicates with the receiving cavity 20. The start channel 26 is connected to the output end of the air pump 14 (powered by the photovoltaic module 12 on the top of the column 11) located on the limiting base 13. A piston plate 27 is provided inside the start channel 26. The start channel 26 is connected to the output end of the air pump 14, specifically through an air pipe 24 and a pressure relief valve 18 (which regulates and controls the gas pressure inside the system) located on the air pipe 24. Through the cooperation of the start channel and the air pump, the piston plate 27 in the receiving cavity is controlled to move up and down. An elastic element 25 is provided between the mounting end of the radar water level sensor 103 and the inner wall of the receiving cavity 20. Inside the receiving cavity 20, an elastic element 25 is provided between the mounting end of the radar water level sensor 103 and the inner wall of the receiving cavity. The elastic element provides cushioning, ensuring the sensor is not subjected to excessive impact during vertical adjustment, while also reducing sensor wear and extending its lifespan. The vertical movement of the piston plate 27 causes the radar water level sensor 103 to move vertically, thereby achieving accurate water level monitoring. An alarm light 17 is located on the top of the monitoring terminal 16. A first contact switch 28 and a second contact switch 29 are respectively located on the inner walls of the activation channels 26 above / below the piston plate 27. Both the first contact switch 28 and the second contact switch 29 are used to activate the alarm light 17 during the vertical movement of the piston plate 27.

[0048] The top of the monitoring terminal 16 is provided with an alarm lamp 17 and a battery 22 electrically connected with the photovoltaic module 12 (for supplying power to the alarm lamp 17), for giving a visual signal when an abnormality occurs. The inner wall of the starting channel 26 is provided with a first touch switch 28 and a second touch switch 29, which are located above and below the piston plate 27 respectively, for monitoring the up and down movement of the piston plate 27. The two touch switches can sense the position change of the piston plate in real time, and start the alarm lamp 17 when the piston plate moves up and down. In this way, while the radar water level sensor is adjusted, the alarm lamp can timely give a warning signal to remind the staff to take necessary precautions.

[0049] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can still be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not drive the essence of the corresponding technical solutions out of the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A dam safety multi-source data sensing and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function, characterized in that, The application relates to a dam monitoring system, which comprises: a monitoring terminal (16) provided with a camera (101), a deformation monitoring sensor (102) and a radar water level sensor (103); a seepage flow sensor (104), a strain gauge (105) and a seepage pressure gauge (106) are pre-buried in a dam; a data analysis module (100) and a communication and early warning module (200), wherein the data analysis module (100) is used for combining preset different abnormal state analysis libraries to analyze reservoir water level, seepage flow, seepage pressure and stress and strain data, and output control signals under different abnormal states; the communication and early warning module (200) is used for transmitting signals to a remote monitoring center under the different abnormal states to realize a warning function; the preset different abnormal states comprise: when the deformation, seepage pressure and seepage flow data all exceed the set threshold value, and present an increasing trend within the set period, and the difference between the reservoir water level data collected by one or more monitoring terminals (16) and the reservoir water level data collected by other monitoring terminals (16) exceeds the set value, the dam enters an alarm state; when at least two of the reservoir water level data, deformation, seepage flow, seepage pressure and stress and strain data exceed the set threshold value, the dam enters a technical early warning state; when at least one of the reservoir water level data, deformation, seepage flow, seepage pressure and stress and strain data exceeds the set threshold value but does not exceed the design allowable value or the historical maximum value, the dam enters a reminding state; wherein the monitoring terminal (16) is provided with a containing cavity (20) for longitudinal movement of the radar water level sensor (103), a driving mechanism for adjusting the longitudinal position of the radar water level sensor (103) is arranged above the containing cavity (20); the driving mechanism is used for responding to the control signal to control the radar water level sensor (103) to move upwards / downwards to update the collected reservoir water level data; the data analysis module comprises: a first analysis unit (301) for generating the control signal and a warning signal when the dam enters the alarm state; a second analysis unit (302) for generating a warning signal when the dam enters the technical early warning state; a third analysis unit (303) for generating a reminding signal when the dam enters the reminding state.

2. The dam safety multi-source data perception and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A group of the seepage flow sensor (104), the strain gauge (105) and the seepage pressure gauge (106) are pre-buried below each monitoring terminal (16) on the dam; at least three monitoring terminals (16) are arranged on the dam. 3.The dam safety multi-source data sensing and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function of claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting base (13) is arranged on a stand (11) on which the monitoring terminal (16) is arranged; a special-shaped connecting rod (15) is movably connected to the upper end of the limiting base (13); the end of the special-shaped connecting rod (15) is connected to the monitoring terminal (16); an elastic connecting piece (23) is arranged between the limiting base (13) and the special-shaped connecting rod (15); wherein the sliding direction of the special-shaped connecting rod (15) relative to the limiting base (13) is perpendicular to the plane of the dam.

4. The dam safety multi-source data perception and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The monitoring terminal (16) is internally provided with a support frame (19), the accommodating cavity (20) is located inside the support frame (19), the top of the accommodating cavity (20) is provided with a connecting box (21), the connecting box (21) is internally provided with a starting channel (26) in communication with the accommodating cavity (20), the starting channel (26) is in communication with the output end of the air pump (14) arranged on the limiting base (13), and the starting channel (26) is internally provided with a piston plate (27); the mounting end of the radar water level sensor (103) is provided with an elastic element (25) between the inner wall of the accommodating cavity (20).

5. The dam safety multi-source data perception and early warning terminal with multi-monitoring element collection function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the monitoring terminal (16) is provided with an alarm lamp (17), the inner walls of the starting channels (26) located above and below the piston plate (27) are respectively provided with first and second touch switches (28) and (29), and the first and second touch switches (28) and (29) are used for starting the alarm lamp (17) during the upward / downward movement of the piston plate (27).

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