Water conservancy water and soil loss intelligent monitoring device based on remote sensing technology

Abstract

A water conservancy water and soil loss intelligent monitoring device based on a remote sensing technology specifically relates to the field of water and soil loss monitoring and comprises a remote sensing equipment main body which is provided with a control center device, a hyperspectral sensor and a positioning and imaging device. A data acquisition module, a data processing module and an intelligent monitoring and decision-making module are connected in the control center device, and the data acquisition module is used for monitoring and acquiring vegetation coverage information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information and water and soil conservation characteristics in real time; the data processing module is used for acquiring vegetation coverage correction information according to a comparison result of the soil erosion amount correction characteristics and the soil erosion reference characteristics, and the intelligent monitoring and decision-making module is used for receiving and executing an adjustment direction of the vegetation coverage correction information. And the soil erosion condition is monitored according to the corrected vegetation coverage condition, so that the purposes of intelligent monitoring and decision adjustment of water and soil loss in water conservancy are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil and water loss monitoring, and specifically to an intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of water conservancy projects and ecological environment protection, soil and water loss monitoring is a crucial task. Soil and water loss not only leads to a decline in soil fertility and land degradation, but may also trigger a series of ecological and environmental problems such as river channel siltation and flood disasters. Traditional soil and water loss monitoring methods mainly rely on field investigations and manual sampling, which have problems such as limited monitoring scope, poor timeliness, and high costs.

[0003] With the development of remote sensing technology, large-area surface information can be obtained using remote sensing images, providing a new means for soil and water loss monitoring.

[0004] In the prior art, the soil erosion amount is estimated only based on vegetation cover, rainfall, and terrain factors, without considering the impact of the dynamic change of slope flow velocity on soil erosion, resulting in the monitoring results being unable to accurately reflect the actual soil and water loss situation.

[0005] In some models, the slope flow velocity is regarded as a fixed value, without considering that the change in vegetation cover will cause the change of slope flow velocity, thus affecting the calculation result of the soil erosion amount.

[0006] In addition, most of the existing soil and water loss monitoring systems are static and lack a mechanism for dynamic adjustment based on real-time monitoring data. Once the initial monitoring parameters and models are set, it is difficult to make timely adjustments according to the changes in the actual situation and cannot adapt to the complex and changeable soil and water loss process.

[0007] Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided an intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology to realize considering the impact of slope flow velocity on soil erosion, considering the impact of vegetation on slope flow velocity, and establishing a dynamic adjustment mechanism.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology, including a main body of remote sensing equipment, on which a control center device, a hyperspectral sensor, and positioning and imaging equipment are installed; The control center device is connected with a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and an intelligent monitoring and decision-making module. The output ends of the hyperspectral sensor and the positioning and imaging device are connected to the data acquisition module; The data acquisition module is used to monitor and obtain vegetation coverage information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information, and soil and water conservation characteristics in real time, and transmit them to the data processing module; It is used to monitor and obtain the flow velocity characteristics of overland flow in real time, and transmit them to the data processing module; The data processing module is used to obtain the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity obtained and stored during the test stage; Obtain the soil erosion benchmark characteristics and soil erosion step increments obtained and stored during the initial setting stage; According to the vegetation coverage information, the rainfall information, the soil sampling information, the terrain information, and the soil and water conservation characteristics, obtain the soil erosion amount characteristics; According to the overland flow velocity characteristics, the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity, and the vegetation coverage information, obtain the overland flow velocity correction characteristics; According to the overland flow velocity correction characteristics, the overland flow velocity characteristics, and the soil erosion amount characteristics, obtain the soil erosion amount correction characteristics; According to the comparison result between the soil erosion amount correction characteristics and the soil erosion benchmark characteristics, judge the adjustment direction, and obtain the vegetation coverage correction information; The intelligent monitoring and decision-making module is used to receive and execute the adjustment direction of the vegetation coverage correction information; Among them, for each soil and water type area, ideal vegetation coverage information, ideal rainfall information, ideal soil sampling information, ideal terrain information, ideal soil and water conservation characteristics, ideal overland flow velocity characteristics, ideal vegetation coverage information, and ideal characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity will be set during the initial setting stage; According to the set ideal vegetation coverage information, ideal rainfall information, ideal soil sampling information, ideal terrain information, and ideal soil and water conservation characteristics, obtain the ideal soil erosion amount characteristics; According to the ideal overland flow velocity characteristics, the ideal flow velocity influence characteristics, and the ideal vegetation coverage information, obtain the ideal overland flow velocity correction characteristics; According to the ideal overland flow velocity correction characteristics, the ideal overland flow velocity characteristics, and the ideal soil erosion amount characteristics, obtain the soil erosion benchmark characteristics.

[0010] Furthermore: The data acquisition module includes a remote sensing acquisition unit, a meteorological acquisition unit, and a soil slope acquisition unit; The remote sensing acquisition unit: is used to obtain the vegetation coverage information transmitted by the hyperspectral sensor; Meteorological data collection unit: used to obtain the rainfall information transmitted by the meteorological station; Soil slope data collection unit: used to obtain the soil sampling information transmitted by the soil analysis equipment, the terrain information and the soil and water conservation characteristics transmitted by the positioning and imaging equipment, and the slope flow velocity characteristics transmitted by the flow velocity measurement equipment; Among them, the soil analysis equipment, the meteorological station and the flow velocity measurement equipment are ground-based collection equipment not carried on the main body of the remote sensing equipment, but the output ends of the soil analysis equipment, the meteorological station and the flow velocity measurement equipment are wirelessly connected to the data collection module, and then the collected soil sampling information, soil and water conservation characteristics and slope flow velocity characteristics are transmitted to the data collection module in real time.

[0011] Furthermore: The data processing module includes a slope flow velocity correction unit, a soil erosion improvement unit, a dynamic vegetation cover adjustment unit and a storage unit; The slope flow velocity correction unit: used to obtain the slope flow velocity correction characteristics; The soil erosion improvement unit: used to obtain the soil erosion amount correction characteristics; The dynamic vegetation cover adjustment unit: used to obtain the vegetation cover correction information; The storage unit: used to obtain the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity, the soil erosion benchmark characteristics and the soil erosion step increment; Obtain and store in real time the slope flow velocity correction characteristics, the soil erosion amount correction characteristics and the vegetation cover correction information.

[0012] Furthermore: The slope flow velocity correction unit obtains the influence degree characteristics of vegetation cover on slope flow velocity according to the product of the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity and the vegetation cover information; Obtain the non-influence degree characteristics according to 1 minus the influence degree characteristics; Obtain the slope flow velocity correction characteristics according to the non-influence degree characteristics and the slope flow velocity characteristics.

[0013] Furthermore: The characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity are obtained through specific experiments in the experimental stage as follows: Divide m experimental sub-areas in the experimental area, and any one of the experimental sub-areas includes a vegetated area and a non-vegetated area; Set slope flow velocity monitoring points in the vegetated area and the non-vegetated area respectively; Use the data collection module to monitor the slope flow velocity monitoring points, and obtain the slope flow velocities va of m monitored points with vegetation cover i and the slope flow velocities vb of the monitored points without vegetation cover i ; Subtract the slope flow velocity of the uncovered monitoring point in the same test sub-region from the slope flow velocity of the covered monitoring point, i.e., , to obtain the slope flow velocity difference feature ab of any region i ; Divide the slope flow velocity difference feature by the slope flow velocity of the uncovered monitoring point, i.e., , to obtain the single-region influence feature of vegetation on flow velocity of any region; According to the single-region influence features of vegetation on flow velocity of the m test sub-regions, obtain the influence feature of vegetation on flow velocity. The specific calculation formula is as follows: .

[0014] Furthermore: The soil erosion improvement unit divides the slope flow velocity correction feature by the slope flow velocity feature to obtain the flow velocity influence feature; According to the soil erosion amount feature and the flow velocity influence feature, obtain the soil erosion amount correction feature.

[0015] Furthermore: The comparison results include: The soil erosion amount correction feature is greater than or equal to the soil erosion reference feature; The soil erosion amount correction feature is less than the soil erosion reference feature; The adjustment directions include: Increase vegetation cover; Maintain vegetation cover; The vegetation cover correction information includes the vegetation cover increase feature and the vegetation cover maintenance feature.

[0016] Furthermore: The dynamic adjustment vegetation cover unit divides the soil erosion amount correction feature by the soil erosion reference feature to obtain the adjusted erosion degree feature; According to the vegetation cover information, the adjusted erosion degree feature, and the soil erosion step increase, obtain the vegetation cover increase feature with the adjustment direction of increasing vegetation cover when the soil erosion amount correction feature is greater than or equal to the soil erosion reference feature; When the soil erosion amount correction feature is less than the soil erosion reference feature, the adjustment direction is to maintain vegetation cover, that is, directly obtain and output the vegetation cover maintenance feature equal to the vegetation cover information.

[0017] The effects of the above solutions are as follows: 1. In the present invention, by introducing the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity and vegetation coverage information in the data processing module, the influence of vegetation coverage on the flow velocity of slope flow is considered. Among them, the higher the vegetation coverage information reflecting the vegetation coverage, the greater the obstruction to the flow velocity of slope flow, and thus the smaller the corrected characteristics of the flow velocity of slope flow obtained.

[0018] 2. The present invention incorporates the change in the flow velocity of slope flow into the calculation of soil erosion amount by introducing the ratio of the corrected characteristics of the flow velocity of slope flow to the characteristics of the flow velocity of slope flow. When the flow velocity of slope flow changes, the calculation result of soil erosion amount can be adjusted in a timely manner, enabling the monitoring result to more accurately reflect the actual soil and water loss situation.

[0019] 3. The present invention determines the adjustment direction based on the comparison result between the corrected characteristics of soil erosion amount and the reference characteristics of soil erosion, and dynamically adjusts the vegetation coverage information, thereby establishing a dynamic adjustment mechanism that can timely adjust the vegetation coverage according to the real-time monitored soil erosion situation to achieve intelligent control of soil and water loss.

[0020] The specific dynamic adjustment is manifested as when it is monitored that the corrected characteristics of soil erosion amount exceed the reference characteristics of soil erosion, the corrected information of vegetation coverage is increased in a timely manner, which helps to reduce the flow velocity of slope flow and the amount of soil erosion, thereby effectively controlling soil and water loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is the front view of the main body of the remote sensing device of the present invention; Figure 2 is the bottom view of the main body of the remote sensing device of the present invention; Figure 3 is the schematic flow chart of each module in the control center device of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1 - main body of the remote sensing device, 2 - control center device, 3 - hyperspectral sensor, 4 - positioning and imaging device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely introduced in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , a water conservancy soil and water loss intelligent monitoring device based on remote sensing technology, including a main body 1 of the remote sensing device, on which a control center device 2, a hyperspectral sensor 3 and a positioning and imaging device 4 are installed; The control center device 2 is internally connected with a data acquisition module, a data processing module and an intelligent monitoring and decision-making module, and the output ends of the hyperspectral sensor 3 and the positioning and imaging device 4 are connected to the data acquisition module; A data acquisition module for real-time monitoring and obtaining vegetation coverage information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information, and soil and water conservation characteristics, and transmitting them to the data processing module; For real-time monitoring and obtaining the characteristics of overland flow velocity, and transmitting them to the data processing module; A data processing module for obtaining the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity obtained and stored during the test phase; Obtaining the soil erosion baseline characteristics and soil erosion step increments obtained and stored during the initial setting phase; According to the vegetation coverage information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information, and soil and water conservation characteristics, obtaining the characteristics of soil erosion amount; According to the overland flow velocity characteristics, the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity, and the vegetation coverage information, obtaining the overland flow velocity correction characteristics; According to the overland flow velocity correction characteristics, the overland flow velocity characteristics, and the soil erosion amount characteristics, obtaining the soil erosion amount correction characteristics; According to the comparison result between the soil erosion amount correction characteristics and the soil erosion baseline characteristics, judging the adjustment direction, and obtaining the vegetation coverage correction information; An intelligent monitoring and decision-making module for receiving and executing the adjustment direction of the vegetation coverage correction information.

[0025] The data acquisition module includes a remote sensing acquisition unit, a meteorological acquisition unit, and a soil slope acquisition unit; Remote sensing acquisition unit: For obtaining the vegetation coverage information transmitted by the hyperspectral sensor 3; Meteorological acquisition unit: For obtaining the rainfall information transmitted by the meteorological station; Soil slope acquisition unit: For obtaining the soil sampling information transmitted by the soil analysis equipment, the terrain information and soil and water conservation characteristics transmitted by the positioning and imaging equipment 4, and the overland flow velocity characteristics transmitted by the flow velocity measurement equipment.

[0026] The data processing module includes an overland flow velocity correction unit, a soil erosion improvement unit, a dynamic vegetation coverage adjustment unit, and a storage unit; Overland flow velocity correction unit: For obtaining the overland flow velocity correction characteristics; Soil erosion improvement unit: For obtaining the soil erosion amount correction characteristics; Dynamic vegetation coverage adjustment unit: For obtaining the vegetation coverage correction information; Storage unit: For obtaining the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity, the soil erosion baseline characteristics, and the soil erosion step increments; Real-time obtaining and storing the overland flow velocity correction characteristics, the soil erosion amount correction characteristics, and the vegetation coverage correction information.

[0027] In this embodiment: By means of the collection of the velocity characteristics of overland flow by the soil slope collection unit in the data collection module, the collection of vegetation coverage information by the remote sensing collection unit, and the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on velocity stored in the storage unit, the overland flow velocity correction unit can accurately obtain the overland flow velocity correction characteristics; Based on the result of the overland flow velocity correction characteristics, the soil erosion improvement unit further corrects the soil erosion amount and obtains the soil erosion amount correction characteristics, thereby improving the accuracy of soil erosion amount calculation; According to the comparison between the obtained soil erosion amount correction characteristics and the soil erosion reference characteristics, the dynamic vegetation coverage adjustment unit dynamically adjusts the vegetation coverage information, and the adjustment direction is executed through the intelligent monitoring and decision-making module; The three form a closed loop, enabling the intelligent monitoring device for water and soil loss based on remote sensing technology to monitor the water and soil loss situation in real time and accurately, and realizing intelligent regulation, effectively improving the efficiency and effect of water and soil loss control.

[0028] Among them, the vegetation coverage information is the spectral information of vegetation obtained by the hyperspectral sensor carried by the remote sensing satellite of the remote sensing collection unit, and the vegetation coverage situation quantified by the normalized spectral information.

[0029] The meteorological collection unit uses the rain gauge and disdrometer of the meteorological station; The rain gauge records the rainfall, and the disdrometer measures the size and velocity information of raindrops, so as to obtain the rainfall erosion amount reflecting the rainfall information.

[0030] The soil slope collection unit obtains soil samples with a soil sampler; Then, the particle composition of the soil is analyzed by a particle size analyzer in the laboratory, and the soil organic matter content is measured by an organic matter analyzer, and the soil erodibility factor reflecting the soil sampling information is obtained accordingly; The topographic factor reflecting the topographic information is obtained through remote sensing images and digital elevation models; The water and soil conservation characteristics combine field investigations and remote sensing images to identify the types of water and soil conservation measures in the study area, and then determine the water and soil conservation measure factors reflecting the water and soil conservation characteristics; The above calculation formulas for obtaining vegetation coverage information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, topographic information and water and soil conservation characteristics are all prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 , the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on velocity are obtained through the following specific experiments in the experimental stage: Divide m experimental sub-regions in the experimental area, and any experimental sub-region includes a vegetated area and a non-vegetated area; Set slope flow velocity monitoring points in vegetated areas and non-vegetated areas respectively; Use the data acquisition module to monitor the slope flow velocity monitoring points and obtain the slope flow velocities va of m vegetated monitoring points i and the slope flow velocities vb of non-vegetated monitoring points i ; Subtract the slope flow velocity of the non-vegetated monitoring point from that of the vegetated monitoring point in the same test sub-region, that is , and obtain the slope flow velocity difference feature ab of any region i ; Divide the slope flow velocity difference feature by the slope flow velocity of the non-vegetated monitoring point, that is , and obtain the single-region influence feature of vegetation on flow velocity in any region; The slope flow velocity correction unit obtains the influence degree feature of vegetation cover on slope flow velocity according to the product of the influence feature of vegetation on flow velocity and the vegetation cover information; Obtain the non-influence degree feature according to 1 minus the influence degree feature; Obtain the slope flow velocity correction feature according to the non-influence degree feature and the slope flow velocity feature; The calculation formula of the slope flow velocity correction feature is as follows: ; Where: v1 is the slope flow velocity correction feature, v0 is the slope flow velocity feature, l is the influence feature of vegetation on flow velocity, and FG is the vegetation cover information; In this embodiment: in the of the slope flow velocity correction unit, the influence feature l of vegetation on flow velocity and the vegetation cover information FG are introduced, which can accurately reflect the hindering effect of vegetation cover on slope flow velocity; When the vegetation cover information FG is high, the value of becomes smaller, so that the slope flow velocity correction feature v1 is less than the slope flow velocity feature v0, reflecting the effect of vegetation in slowing down the slope flow velocity and making the calculation of slope flow velocity more in line with the actual situation.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 3 , the soil erosion improvement unit divides the slope flow velocity correction feature by the slope flow velocity feature to obtain the flow velocity influence feature; Obtain the soil erosion amount correction feature according to the soil erosion amount feature and the flow velocity influence feature; The calculation formula of the soil erosion amount correction feature is as follows: ; ; Wherein: Q1 is the soil erosion amount correction feature; Q0 is the soil erosion amount feature; A is the vegetation coverage information, B is the rainfall information, C is the soil sampling information, D is the terrain information, and E is the soil and water conservation feature; In this embodiment: The soil erosion improvement unit incorporates the change in the overland flow velocity into the calculation of the soil erosion amount by introducing the ratio of the overland flow velocity correction feature v1 to the overland flow velocity feature v0 , and incorporates the change in the overland flow velocity into the calculation of the soil erosion amount; When the overland flow velocity increases, the ratio is greater than 1, and the soil erosion amount correction feature Q1 will increase; When the overland flow velocity decreases, the ratio is less than 1, and the soil erosion amount correction feature Q1 will decrease, so that the calculated soil erosion amount can better reflect the actual situation.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3 , and the comparison results include: The soil erosion amount correction feature is greater than or equal to the soil erosion benchmark feature; The soil erosion amount correction feature is less than the soil erosion benchmark feature; The adjustment directions include: Increase vegetation coverage; Maintain vegetation coverage; The vegetation coverage correction information includes the vegetation coverage increase feature and the vegetation coverage maintenance feature; The dynamic vegetation coverage adjustment unit divides the soil erosion amount correction feature by the soil erosion benchmark feature to obtain the adjusted erosion degree feature; According to the vegetation coverage information, the adjusted erosion degree feature, and the soil erosion step increase, when the soil erosion amount correction feature is greater than or equal to the soil erosion benchmark feature, the vegetation coverage increase feature with the adjustment direction of increasing vegetation coverage is obtained; When the soil erosion amount correction feature is less than the soil erosion benchmark feature, the adjustment direction is to maintain the vegetation coverage, that is, directly obtain the vegetation coverage maintenance feature equal to the vegetation coverage information as the output.

[0034] The calculation formula of the vegetation coverage correction information is as follows: ; FG new1 is the vegetation coverage increase feature with the adjustment direction of increasing vegetation coverage, and FG new2 is the vegetation coverage maintenance feature equal to the vegetation coverage information; △F is the soil erosion step increase, and its value range is {0 - 0.5}; Q is the soil erosion benchmark feature.

[0035] In this embodiment, the dynamically adjusted vegetation coverage unit corrects the comparison result between the characteristic Q1 related to soil erosion amount and the reference characteristic Q of soil erosion, and dynamically adjusts the vegetation coverage information.

[0036] When the soil erosion amount exceeds the reference level, increase the vegetation coverage; When the soil erosion amount is within the reference range, maintain the current vegetation coverage; This dynamic adjustment mechanism can take timely measures according to the real-time monitored soil erosion situation, improving the pertinence and effectiveness of soil and water loss control.

[0037] The corrected vegetation coverage information is fed back into the entire monitoring system as the new vegetation coverage information, affecting subsequent calculations, and then forming a closed-loop feedback adjustment mechanism, enabling the monitoring system to continuously adapt to the changes in the actual situation and continuously optimize the soil and water loss monitoring and control effects.

[0038] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring device for water and soil loss in water conservancy based on remote sensing technology, characterized in that: It includes a remote sensing device main body (1), on which a control center device (2), a hyperspectral sensor (3), and a positioning and imaging device (4) are installed; Inside the control center device (2), a data acquisition module, a data processing module, and an intelligent monitoring and decision-making module are connected. The output ends of the hyperspectral sensor (3) and the positioning and imaging device (4) are connected to the data acquisition module; The data acquisition module is used to monitor and obtain vegetation coverage information, rainfall information, soil sampling information, terrain information, and soil and water conservation characteristics in real time, and transmit them to the data processing module; It is used to monitor and obtain the characteristics of the flow velocity of overland flow in real time, and transmit them to the data processing module; The data processing module is used to obtain the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity obtained and stored during the test stage; Obtain the soil erosion benchmark characteristics and soil erosion step increments obtained and stored during the initial setting stage; According to the vegetation coverage information, the rainfall information, the soil sampling information, the terrain information, and the soil and water conservation characteristics, obtain the soil erosion amount characteristics; According to the overland flow velocity characteristics, the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity, and the vegetation coverage information, obtain the overland flow velocity correction characteristics; According to the overland flow velocity correction characteristics, the overland flow velocity characteristics, and the soil erosion amount characteristics, obtain the soil erosion amount correction characteristics; According to the comparison result between the soil erosion amount correction characteristics and the soil erosion benchmark characteristics, judge the adjustment direction, and obtain the vegetation coverage correction information; The intelligent monitoring and decision-making module is used to receive and execute the adjustment direction of the vegetation coverage correction information.

2. The intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module includes a remote sensing acquisition unit, a meteorological acquisition unit, and a soil slope acquisition unit; Remote sensing acquisition unit: It is used to obtain the vegetation coverage information transmitted by the hyperspectral sensor (3); Meteorological acquisition unit: It is used to obtain the rainfall information transmitted by the meteorological station; Soil slope acquisition unit: It is used to obtain the soil sampling information transmitted by the soil analysis equipment, the terrain information and the soil and water conservation characteristics transmitted by the positioning and imaging device (4), and the overland flow velocity characteristics transmitted by the flow velocity measurement equipment.

3. The intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data processing module includes an overland flow velocity correction unit, a soil erosion improvement unit, a dynamic vegetation coverage adjustment unit, and a storage unit; The overland flow velocity correction unit: It is used to obtain the overland flow velocity correction characteristics; The soil erosion improvement unit: It is used to obtain the soil erosion amount correction characteristics; The dynamic vegetation coverage adjustment unit: It is used to obtain the vegetation coverage correction information; The storage unit: It is used to obtain the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity, the soil erosion benchmark characteristics, and the soil erosion step increments; Obtain and store the overland flow velocity correction characteristics, the soil erosion amount correction characteristics, and the vegetation coverage correction information in real time.

4. The intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The overland flow velocity correction unit obtains the influence degree characteristics of vegetation coverage on overland flow velocity according to the product of the characteristics of the influence of vegetation on flow velocity and the vegetation coverage information; Subtract the influence degree feature from the constant 1 to obtain the non-influence degree feature; According to the non-influence degree feature and the slope surface flow velocity feature, obtain the slope surface flow velocity correction feature.

5. The intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The influence of vegetation on the flow velocity feature is obtained through specific experiments in the experimental stage as follows: Divide the experimental area into m experimental sub-areas, and any one of the experimental sub-areas includes a vegetated area and a non-vegetated area; Set slope surface flow velocity monitoring points in the vegetated area and the non-vegetated area respectively; Use the data acquisition module to monitor the slope surface flow velocity monitoring points, and obtain the slope surface flow velocities of the m monitored points with coverage and the slope surface flow velocities of the monitored points without coverage; Subtract the slope surface flow velocity of the monitored point without coverage in the same experimental sub-area from the slope surface flow velocity of the monitored point with coverage to obtain the slope surface flow velocity difference feature of any area; Divide the slope surface flow velocity difference feature by the slope surface flow velocity of the monitored point without coverage to obtain the influence of vegetation on the flow velocity single-area feature of any area; According to the influence of vegetation on the flow velocity single-area features of the m experimental sub-areas, obtain the influence of vegetation on the flow velocity feature.

6. The intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil erosion improvement unit divides the slope surface flow velocity correction feature by the slope surface flow velocity feature to obtain the flow velocity influence feature; According to the soil erosion amount feature and the flow velocity influence feature, obtain the soil erosion amount correction feature.

7. The intelligent monitoring device for water conservancy soil and water loss based on remote sensing technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The comparison results include: The soil erosion amount correction feature is greater than or equal to the soil erosion reference feature; The soil erosion amount correction feature is less than the soil erosion reference feature; The adjustment directions include: Increase vegetation coverage; Maintain vegetation coverage; The vegetation coverage correction information includes the vegetation coverage increase feature and the vegetation coverage maintenance feature.

8. The intelligent monitoring device for water and soil loss in water conservancy based on remote sensing technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dynamic adjustment vegetation coverage unit divides the soil erosion amount correction feature by the soil erosion reference feature to obtain the adjusted erosion degree feature; According to the vegetation coverage information, the adjusted erosion degree feature and the soil erosion step increase, obtain the vegetation coverage increase feature with the adjustment direction of increasing vegetation coverage when the soil erosion amount correction feature is greater than or equal to the soil erosion reference feature; When the soil erosion amount correction feature is less than the soil erosion reference feature, the adjustment direction is to maintain vegetation coverage, that is, directly obtain the vegetation coverage maintenance feature equal to the vegetation coverage information as the output.

Images