Core wall dam leakage channel coupling excitation detection method and equipment

Abstract

The invention specifically discloses a core wall dam leakage channel coupling excitation detection method and equipment, and relates to the technical field of hidden danger detection of water conservancy projects. The detection method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting engineering, field investigation and geological survey data, seepage monitoring data and the like, carrying out early-stage modeling and parameter configuration, constructing a data analysis initial model, then obtaining a background signal through field-source-free dam area patrol, then deploying a field source, determining a leakage inlet by utilizing carrier patrol, planning a path and collecting a ground-air water area signal, and finally, carrying out field-source-free dam area patrol detection. And a leakage area is positioned through data preprocessing and fusion. The detection equipment comprises a high-power combined source transmitting device, a ground-air-water full-dam region signal receiving device and an intelligent interpretation software platform, and all the parts work cooperatively. By the adoption of the method and equipment, precise positioning of the ultra-deep leakage channel and full-dam-area coverage detection under the high water head condition are achieved, and the method and equipment are suitable for core wall dam leakage disease diagnosis under the complex damming condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hidden danger detection in water conservancy projects, in particular to a coupled excitation detection method and equipment for leakage channels of core wall dams. Background Art

[0002] In the field of water conservancy projects, as a common dam type, the safety of core wall dams is of crucial importance. However, the leakage problem has become a prominent hidden danger threatening the safety of core wall dams. Leakage not only leads to a decline in the structural stability of the dam body, but may even cause the collapse of the dam body in severe cases, posing a huge threat to the lives and property safety of people downstream.

[0003] At present, for the detection of dam leakage, traditional technologies such as the commonly used high-density resistivity method and transient electromagnetic method have many technical bottlenecks that are difficult to overcome:

[0004] 1. It is difficult to balance detection depth and resolution: Traditional detection methods rely to a large extent on the power of the field source. As the detection depth increases, the signal attenuation phenomenon is extremely significant. This makes the resolution drop sharply during deep detection, and it is difficult to obtain accurate geological information. Especially in the face of the special structure of "deep and narrow" asphalt concrete core walls, the limitations of traditional methods are more prominent, and it is impossible to effectively identify fine leakage channels in the deep part.

[0005] 2. There are detection blind spots: In areas such as the dam shoulders and slopes, due to complex terrain and inconvenient transportation, it is difficult for personnel to reach and conduct detection operations. And the core wall-shell contact zone, as a weak part of the dam body structure, also lacks effective detection means. The detection range of existing detection equipment cannot cover the entire dam area, resulting in the leakage hidden dangers in these key areas being easily overlooked and becoming potential risk points for the safe operation of the dam.

[0006] 3. Poor anti-interference ability: The dam area environment is complex, with a large number of auxiliary facilities, such as various electrical equipment and monitoring instruments. These devices will generate electromagnetic interference. At the same time, the dynamic change of the reservoir water level will also cause changes in the physical field. Traditional interpretation models often ignore the coupling effect between the geoelectric characteristics of the dam and multi-source interference when processing detection data, resulting in significant multi-solution problems in the detection results and making it difficult to accurately judge the leakage location and scale.

[0007] In summary, the existing dam leakage detection technologies cannot meet the actual needs of core wall dam leakage detection, and there is an urgent need for a more efficient, accurate and comprehensive detection method and equipment to ensure the safe and stable operation of core wall dams. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to propose a method and equipment for detecting the coupled excitation of leakage channels in core wall dams. By means of the self-excitation technology of leakage channels, the bottleneck of deep signal attenuation is broken through, and combined with the collaborative detection and intelligent constrained inversion of multi-platforms on the ground, in the air and in water, the accurate positioning of leakage diseases in the whole dam area is realized.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method for detecting the coupled excitation of leakage channels in core wall dams, including the following steps:

[0010] Step S1: Collect engineering data, on-site investigation information, geological exploration data and seepage monitoring data, preliminarily set detection parameters, and construct an initial data analysis model according to the geological exploration data and seepage monitoring data, and divide the electrical property zones of the core wall, transition layer, dam shell material, saturation zone and bedrock;

[0011] Step S2: Use a ground-air-water full-dam area signal receiving device to cover and survey the dam area to obtain the background field signal values without field source excitation, including environmental noise and electromagnetic signals under non-field source excitation of power interference;

[0012] Step S3: According to the on-site clear flow situation of seepage water, place one end A of the hydroelectric coupling joint at the clear flow of seepage water. When there are multiple clear flows of seepage water, the layout of end A of the hydroelectric coupling joint is carried out one by one; place the other end B of the hydroelectric coupling joint in the water upstream of the reservoir;

[0013] Step S4: Use a vehicle to tow end B of the hydroelectric coupling joint to move in the water area of the reservoir area, and at the same time use a water area signal receiving device to synchronously receive response signals; determine the leakage inlet area according to the synchronously received abnormal water area signals, and use this area as the fixed layout position of end B of the hydroelectric coupling joint. When there are multiple abnormal water area signal areas, the layout of end B of the hydroelectric coupling joint is carried out one by one;

[0014] Step S5: Match the layout area of end A of the hydroelectric coupling joint with the fixed position of end B of the hydroelectric coupling joint, and plan the detection path according to the dam design drawings, satellite maps and on-site actual conditions;

[0015] Step S6: Select an unmanned vehicle or a manned vehicle for patrol survey on the dam crest, berm and slope, use an unmanned aerial vehicle for patrol survey on the dam shoulders and both sides of the mountain, and use an unmanned boat for patrol survey in the reservoir area to collect multi-component magnetic field signals Bx, By and Bz, where Bx is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the x-axis, By is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the y-axis, and Bz is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the z-axis;

[0016] Step S7: Data preprocessing and fusion, including the following steps:

[0017] Step S71: Data denoising, separate and window filter the collected data in combination with the background field data to eliminate noise and the interference of wires and monitoring instruments;

[0018] Step S72: Data alignment. Based on the GPS timestamp and spatial coordinates, fuse multi-source data of ground, air and water to generate a global data distribution matrix.

[0019] Step S73: According to the data analysis of the initial model, invert the three-dimensional apparent resistivity distribution in the dam area, combine the seepage monitoring data to infer the distribution of the infiltration area, and determine the leakage path area according to the minimum value distribution of the apparent resistivity and the contour anomaly.

[0020] Step S74: Determine the disease area of the core wall impervious body according to the apparent resistivity map, and output the coordinates of the disease area.

[0021] Preferably, in step S1, the detection parameters include the emission current, emission waveform, emission frequency and sampling duration.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, both ends A and B of the hydroelectric coupling joint are connected in series with the waveform control module, power supply module and timing synchronization module through connecting wires to form a loop and control the emission of a fixed waveform.

[0023] Preferably, in step S4, the water area abnormal signal refers to the signal that shows a significant increase or distortion compared with other areas during this patrol test, and shows a significant change compared with the patrol test data of the dam area without a field source.

[0024] Preferably, in step S6, the unmanned aerial vehicle and the unmanned ship preferably traverse the patrol test in an S-shaped path, and the main dam access roads and the dam crest are detected in an encrypted manner.

[0025] The present invention also provides a detection equipment for coupling excitation of leakage channels in core wall dams, including a high-power combined source emission device, a ground-air-water full-dam area signal receiving device and an intelligent interpretation software platform;

[0026] The high-power combined source emission device includes a hydroelectric coupling joint, connecting wires, a retractable cable, a waveform control module, a power supply module and a timing synchronization module; the hydroelectric coupling joint is divided into ends A and B, end A is placed at the leakage water outlet and connected to the connecting wire, end B is placed in the upstream reservoir area of the dam and moves through a vehicle; the connecting wire connects the hydroelectric coupling joint, the waveform control module and the power supply module in series; the retractable cable is made of insulating material and is used to fix and retract the hydroelectric coupling joint; the waveform control module is used to adjust the current to different waveforms and adjust the excitation waveform parameters, and the emission frequency range is 1Hz - 128Hz; the power supply module is connected to the waveform control module through the connecting wire; the timing synchronization module is connected to the waveform control module;

[0027] The described ground-air-water full-dam area signal receiving device includes a high-fidelity signal receiving module, an attitude correction module, a mounting platform, and an intelligent measurement and control system; the high-fidelity signal receiving module collects the vector magnetic field to obtain the magnetic field signal intensities in the X, Y, and Z directions; the attitude correction module is built-in with a gyroscope and a GPS positioning unit; the mounting platform includes an unmanned vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, an unmanned ship, and a simple manual backpack; the intelligent measurement and control system has functions of survey line planning, adaptive filtering, and real-time data transmission;

[0028] The described intelligent interpretation software platform includes a high-performance computer, a signal receiver, and a data analysis module installed in the computer; the data analysis module includes an initial model layer, a data processing layer, a constrained inversion layer, and a disease location layer, which are used to receive and analyze relevant signals and locate the seepage channels of the core wall.

[0029] Preferably, the hydroelectric coupling joint is a flat metal material, preferably made of copper or aluminum, with the number of 2 or more, and the A end is all immersed in the seepage water.

[0030] Preferably, the high-fidelity signal receiving module includes a multi-component magnetic sensor and a high-speed acquisition circuit, where the high-speed acquisition circuit can collect 24-bit ADC signals, with a dynamic range ≥ 120 dB, and synchronously triggers signal acquisition through the transmission information sent back by the timing synchronization module.

[0031] Preferably, the unmanned vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned ship, and the simple manual backpack can mount the high-fidelity signal receiving module and the attitude correction module respectively to achieve inspections on the ground, in the air, and on the water; the unmanned vehicle is caterpillar-tracked and can travel on the dam crest, the access road, and the slope; the payload of the unmanned aerial vehicle ≥ 5 kg, it is a rotary-wing type, and the cruising altitude is 0.5 m - 20 m; the unmanned ship is a self-stabilizing survey ship, and the sailing speed is 0 m / s - 10 m / s.

[0032] Preferably, the initial model layer inputs the dam structure parameters, geological exploration data, and seepage monitoring history to construct an initial model; the data processing layer corrects, eliminates interference, and window-processes the transmitted signal and the response signal; the constrained inversion layer realizes rapid resistivity focusing inversion based on the finite element method and parallel computing technology; the disease location layer outputs the three-dimensional coordinates of the detected phreatic line position and leakage points through data mutation analysis and seepage field distortion matching.

[0033] Therefore, the present invention proposes a method and equipment for coupling excitation detection of seepage channels in core wall dams, and its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0034] (1) Through the self-excitation technology of seepage channels, the present invention uses seepage water as a natural conductor, combines with high-power tensor source excitation, effectively breaks through the bottleneck of signal attenuation in ultra-deep parts, and can still maintain a high resolution during deep detection, adapting to the "deep and narrow" structural characteristics of asphalt concrete core walls.

[0035] (2) The ground-air-water integrated detection equipment, with the help of various mounting platforms such as unmanned vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and unmanned boats, can effectively detect areas that are difficult for personnel to reach, such as dam shoulders and slopes, as well as weak parts such as the core wall-dam shell contact zone, achieving non-blind area coverage of the entire dam area.

[0036] (3) The intelligent interpretation method integrates dam construction conditions, seepage monitoring data, and geoelectric models. Through the constrained inversion algorithm, it fully considers the coupling effect of the geoelectric characteristics of the dam and multi-source interference, effectively reducing the multi-solution nature of the detection results and improving the detection accuracy and reliability.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for detecting the coupling excitation of the leakage channel of the core wall dam of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the emission waveform and acquisition time window for setting detection parameters in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the background field signal value without field source excitation in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the water area signal in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of three-component data along the dam axis position in the embodiment of the present invention; among them, Figure 5 a in it is a schematic diagram of the intensity of the magnetic field in the x-axis direction, Figure 5 b in it is a schematic diagram of the intensity of the magnetic field in the y-axis direction, Figure 5 c in it is a schematic diagram of the intensity of the magnetic field in the z-axis direction;

[0043] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional apparent resistivity distribution map of the dam area in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a detection equipment for coupling excitation of the leakage channel of a core wall dam of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] To make the technical solutions, advantages, and objectives of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] A certain earth-rock dam is a core-wall dam with a height of 70m. The dam foundation has a deep overburden layer, mostly alluvial pebble mixed soil and pebble mixed soil, etc. The dam is a rolled asphalt concrete dam. Gravel transition materials are arranged on both sides of the core wall, and gravel shell materials are filled in the dam body on both sides in zones.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, it is a flowchart of the detection method for the coupled excitation of leakage channels in the core-wall dam of the present invention. The specific detection steps are as follows:

[0050] Step S1, preliminary modeling and parameter configuration.

[0051] According to the engineering data, on-site investigation, geological exploration data, and seepage monitoring data, the detection parameters are initially set. The designed emission current is 100A, the emission waveform is a rectangular wave, the emission frequency is 16Hz, and the sampling duration is 10ms. The emission waveform and acquisition time window are as Figure 2 shown.

[0052] According to the geological exploration data and seepage monitoring data, an initial data analysis model is constructed. The resistivity distribution range of the initial model is shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1 Resistivity distribution of the initial model

[0054]

[0055]

[0056] S2, non-field-source dam area survey.

[0057] Use a ground-air-water full-dam area signal receiving device to cover and survey the dam area to obtain the background field signal value under non-field-source excitation, mainly obtain electromagnetic signals under non-field-source excitations such as environmental noise and power interference for subsequent noise cancellation and interference anomaly elimination. The multi-channel signals obtained are as Figure 3 shown.

[0058] S3, field source deployment.

[0059] According to the clear flow situation of seepage water on-site, one end A of the hydroelectric coupling joint is placed in the clear flow of seepage water at the pile number K380, and the other end B of the hydroelectric coupling joint moves in the water upstream of the reservoir through an unmanned boat vehicle.

[0060] Connect the hydroelectric coupling joints at both ends A and B in series with the waveform regulation module, power supply module, and timing synchronization module through connecting wires to form a loop and control the emission of a fixed waveform.

[0061] S4. Patrol and survey the water inlet of the reservoir area leakage.

[0062] As Figure 4 shown, use an unmanned boat to tow the B end of the hydroelectric coupling joint and the signal receiving device to traverse the range of the reservoir in front of the dam, and determine the leakage inlet area according to the synchronously received abnormal signals in the water area. Through inspection, it is found that there is an obvious voltage anomaly near the pile number K480, so the B end of the hydroelectric coupling joint is fixedly arranged at the pile number K480.

[0063] S5. Plan the detection path.

[0064] According to the dam design drawings, satellite maps, and on-site actual conditions, plan the detection path. Intensify the detection on the main dam access road and the dam crest.

[0065] S6. Collect signals in the ground, air, and water areas.

[0066] On the dam crest, access road, and slope, preferably use unmanned vehicles or manual vehicles for patrol and survey; for the dam shoulders and the mountains on both sides, preferably use unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted patrol and survey; for the reservoir area, preferably use unmanned boats for patrol and survey. The collected signals are multi-component magnetic field signals Bx, By, and Bz, where Bx is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the x-axis, By is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the y-axis, and Bz is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the z-axis.

[0067] S7. Data preprocessing and fusion.

[0068] S71. Data noise reduction. Subtract and window filter the collected data combined with the background field data to eliminate background field interference;

[0069] S72. Data alignment. Based on the GPS timestamp and spatial coordinates, fuse the multi-source data of the ground, air, and water to generate a global data distribution matrix. Among them, the distribution of the three-component data at the dam axis position is as Figure 5 shown;

[0070] S73. As Figure 6 shown, according to the data analysis initial model, invert the three-dimensional apparent resistivity distribution in the dam area; determine the leakage path area according to the minimum value distribution of the apparent resistivity and the contour anomaly;

[0071] S74. According to the three-dimensional inversion results, the location of the leakage area of the impervious body area (core wall) is determined to be near the pile number 450m, with a horizontal scale of about 15m and a buried depth of 45 - 60m. Thus, the positioning of the core wall leakage disease area is completed.

[0072] Embodiment 2

[0073] As Figure 7 shown, the overall structure diagram of a core wall dam leakage channel coupled excitation detection equipment of the present invention includes a high-power combined source transmitting device (1), a ground-air-water full dam area signal receiving device (2), and an intelligent interpretation software platform (3).

[0074] The high-power combined source transmitting device (1) includes a hydroelectric coupling joint, connecting wires, a retractable cable, a waveform regulation module, a power supply module, and a timing synchronization module. Among them, the hydroelectric coupling joint uses a copper sheet with a size of 50cm × 50cm and a thickness of 2mm; the connecting wires are 2.5 square pure copper wires, externally wrapped with an insulating shell; the retractable cable is an inelastic acrylic cotton rope; the waveform regulation module is composed of a digital circuit and a high-speed turn-off system; the power supply module is a DC power supply battery with a voltage of 36V and a continuously adjustable power output of 0 - 10kW; the timing synchronization module uses a high-precision GPS timing chip (UBLOX NEO-M8N) and a temperature-compensated real-time clock (RTC) chip (DS3231SN), and at the same time, a short-wave radio station is built-in to send signals.

[0075] The ground-air-water full dam area signal receiving device (2) includes a high-fidelity signal receiving module, an attitude correction module, a mounting platform, and an intelligent measurement and control system. Among them, the high-fidelity signal receiving module is mainly a multi-component magnetic sensor and a high-speed acquisition circuit. By collecting the vector magnetic field, the magnetic field signals in the X, Y, and Z directions are obtained. The high-speed acquisition circuit can collect 24-bit ADC signals, with a dynamic range ≥ 120dB. Through the transmission information of the re-timing synchronization module of the high-power combined source transmitting device, the signal acquisition is synchronously triggered. The attitude correction module is an internal gyroscope and a GPS positioning unit, which can realize the perception of the sensor spatial attitude correction signal.

[0076] The mounting platform includes an unmanned vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, an unmanned ship, or a simple manual backpack, which can mount the high-fidelity signal receiving module and the attitude correction module to respectively realize inspections on the ground, in the air, and on the water. Among them, the unmanned vehicle is a tracked unmanned vehicle, which can travel on the dam crest, access roads, slopes and other parts; the unmanned aerial vehicle is a rotor unmanned aerial vehicle with a payload ≥ 5kg, and the cruising altitude is 0.5m - 20m, which can cover areas difficult for people to reach such as the dam shoulders and the mountains on both sides of the dam; the unmanned ship is a self-stabilizing survey ship with a navigation speed of 0m / s - 10m / s, which can navigate in the reservoir water in front of the dam; the simple manual backpack can carry the high-fidelity signal receiving module, the attitude correction module, etc. on the person, and the person can receive the dam area signal by walking, taking a vehicle, etc.

[0077] The intelligent measurement and control system is a high-performance computing system, which has functions such as measurement line planning, adaptive filtering, real-time data transmission, etc. It can generate the optimal signal reception path based on satellite maps such as GIS or the input terrain data, and supports obstacle avoidance and return logic. Adaptive filtering suppresses the interference of electrical facilities by adopting wavelet transform and windowed filtering technology, and real-time data transmission transmits the collected response signals to the backend in real time.

[0078] The intelligent interpretation software platform (3) includes a high-performance computer, a signal receiver, and a data analysis module installed in the computer. It can receive the waveform emission signals transmitted back by the high-power combined source emission device and the response signals collected by the ground-air-water full dam area signal receiving device, and analyze and interpret the signals to locate the leakage channels of the core wall.

[0079] The data analysis module is divided into an initial model layer, a data processing layer, a constrained inversion layer, and a disease location layer. The initial model layer can construct the initial model for dam area inversion, specifically inputting dam structure parameters (such as core wall thickness, dam shell material type), etc., geological exploration data, and seepage monitoring history to generate a parameterized geoelectric model. The data processing layer further corrects, removes interference, and applies windows to the transmitted emission signals and response signals to generate raw data with a relatively high signal-to-noise ratio. The constrained inversion layer is based on the finite element method and parallel computing technology, and can select linear or non-linear algorithms to achieve rapid resistivity focusing inversion and output apparent resistivity maps. The disease location layer module outputs the three-dimensional coordinates of the detected phreatic line position and leakage points through data mutation analysis and matching of seepage field distortion.

[0080] It should be noted that the content not elaborated in detail in the present invention is prior art and well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0081] Therefore, the present invention provides a method and equipment for coupling excitation detection of leakage channels in core wall dams. By breaking through the bottleneck of deep signal attenuation through the self-excitation technology of leakage channels, combined with multi-platform collaborative detection and intelligent constrained inversion of ground-air-water, it realizes the accurate positioning of leakage diseases in the whole dam area, has strong anti-interference ability and high coverage efficiency, and is applicable to leakage diagnosis under complex dam construction conditions.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupled excitation detection method for leakage channel of a core wall dam, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, collect engineering data, field investigation information, geological survey data and seepage monitoring data, preliminarily set detection parameters, and build an initial data analysis model based on the geological survey data and seepage monitoring data to divide the electrical zoning of the core wall, transition layer, dam shell material, infiltration zone, and bedrock; Step S2, using a ground-air-water full-dam area signal receiving device to cover the patrol dam area, and obtaining background field signal values ​​without field source excitation, including electromagnetic signals under non-field source excitation of environmental noise and power interference; Step S3, according to the on-site leakage water flow situation, place one end A of the hydroelectric coupling joint at the leakage water flow location. When there are multiple leakage water flows, place the ends A of the hydroelectric coupling joint one by one; the other end B of the hydroelectric coupling joint is placed in the water upstream of the reservoir; Step S4, using a vehicle to tow the B end of the hydroelectric coupling joint to move in the water area of ​​the reservoir, and using a water area signal receiving device to synchronously receive a response signal; determining the leakage entrance area according to the synchronously received water area abnormal signal, and using the area as the fixed layout position of the B end of the hydroelectric coupling joint, when there are multiple water area abnormal signal areas, the B end of the hydroelectric coupling joint is laid out one by one; Step S5, matching the layout area of ​​the hydroelectric coupling joint end A with the fixed position of the hydroelectric coupling joint end B, and planning the detection path according to the dam design drawings, satellite maps and actual site conditions; Step S6, using unmanned vehicles or manual vehicles to conduct inspections on the dam top, horse paths and slopes, using unmanned vehicles to conduct inspections on the dam shoulders and the mountains on both sides, and using unmanned ships to conduct inspections in the reservoir area, and collecting multi-component magnetic field signals Bx, By and Bz, where Bx is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the x-axis, By is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the y-axis, and Bz is the intensity of the magnetic field signal on the z-axis; Step S7, data preprocessing and fusion, includes the following steps: Step S71, data noise reduction, separation and window filtering of the collected data combined with the background field data to eliminate noise and interference from wires and monitoring instruments; Step S72: Data alignment: Based on GPS timestamps and spatial coordinates, the multi-source data of ground, air and water are integrated to generate a global data distribution matrix; Step S73: Invert the three-dimensional apparent resistivity distribution of the dam area according to the data analysis initial model, infer the distribution of the infiltration area based on the seepage monitoring data, and determine the leakage path area according to the distribution of the minimum value of the apparent resistivity and the contour anomaly; Step S74: Determine the damaged area of ​​the core wall anti-seepage body according to the apparent resistivity map, and output the coordinates of the damaged area.

2. The method for detecting leakage channel of core wall dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the detection parameters include emission current, emission waveform, emission frequency and sampling duration.

3. The method for detecting leakage channel of core wall dam according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, the A and B ends of the water-electricity coupling joint are connected in series with the waveform control module, the power supply module and the timing synchronization module through connecting wires to form a loop and control the emission of a fixed waveform.

4. The method for detecting leakage channel of core wall dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the abnormal signal in the water area refers to a signal that is significantly increased or distorted compared with the signals in other areas during the current patrol test, and a signal that is significantly changed compared with the patrol data of the dam area without field source.

5. The method for detecting leakage channel of core wall dam according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S6, the drone and unmanned boat preferably traverse the S-shaped path for inspection, during which the main dam road and the dam top are encrypted.

6. A core wall dam leakage channel coupling excitation detection equipment, characterized in that: It includes a high-power combined source transmitter, a ground-air-water full-dam area signal receiver, and an intelligent interpretation software platform; The high-power combined source transmitting device includes a hydroelectric coupling joint, connecting wires, a retractable rope, a waveform control module, a power supply module and a timing synchronization module; the hydroelectric coupling joint is divided into A and B ends, the A end is placed at the leakage point and connected to the connecting wire, and the B end is placed in the reservoir area upstream of the dam and moved by a carrier; the connecting wire is connected in series with the hydroelectric coupling joint, the waveform control module and the power supply module; the retractable rope is made of insulating material and is used to fix the retractable hydroelectric coupling joint; the waveform control module is used to control the current to different waveforms and adjust the excitation waveform parameters, and the emission frequency range is 1Hz-128Hz; the power supply module is connected to the waveform control module through the connecting wire; the timing synchronization module is connected to the waveform control module; The ground-air-water full-dam area signal receiving device includes a high-fidelity signal receiving module, an attitude correction module, a mounting platform and an intelligent measurement and control system; the high-fidelity signal receiving module collects vector magnetic fields to obtain the magnetic field signal strength in the X, Y, and Z directions; the attitude correction module has a built-in gyroscope and a GPS positioning unit; the mounting platform includes an unmanned vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, an unmanned boat and a simple artificial backpack; the intelligent measurement and control system has the functions of survey line planning, adaptive filtering, and real-time data transmission; The intelligent interpretation software platform includes a high-performance computer, a signal receiver and a data analysis module installed in the computer; the data analysis module includes an initial model layer, a data processing layer, a constraint inversion layer, and a disease positioning layer, which are used to receive and analyze and process relevant signals and locate the core wall leakage channel.

7. The core wall dam leakage channel coupling excitation detection equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water-electricity coupling joint is a flat metal material, preferably copper or aluminum, with 2 or more joints, and the A ends are all immersed in the leaking water.

8. The core wall dam leakage channel coupling excitation detection equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The high-fidelity signal receiving module includes a multi-component magnetic sensor and a high-speed acquisition circuit, wherein the high-speed acquisition circuit can acquire 24-bit ADC signals with a dynamic range of ≥120dB, and the transmission information returned by the timing synchronization module synchronizes the trigger signal acquisition.

9. The core wall dam leakage channel coupling excitation detection equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Unmanned vehicles, drones, unmanned boats and simple artificial backpacks can be equipped with high-fidelity signal receiving modules and attitude correction modules to realize inspections on the ground, in the air and on water respectively; the unmanned vehicle is tracked and can travel on dam tops, horse paths and slopes; the drone has a load of ≥5kg, is rotor-type, and has a cruising altitude of 0.5m-20m; the unmanned boat is a self-stabilizing patrol boat with a navigation speed of 0m / s-10m / s.

10. The core wall dam leakage channel coupling excitation detection equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The initial model layer inputs the dam structure parameters, geological exploration data and seepage monitoring history to construct the initial model; the data processing layer corrects, eliminates interference and performs windowing on the emission signal and the response signal; the constrained inversion layer realizes resistivity fast focusing inversion based on the finite element method and parallel computing technology; the disease location layer outputs the three-dimensional coordinates of the detection infiltration line position and the leakage point through data mutation analysis and seepage field distortion matching.

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