Experimental method for observing dissipation process of manure bait

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental method for observing the dissipation process of manure bait, which comprises the following steps: acquiring required sediment and manure bait, and detecting various indexes of the sediment and the manure bait to obtain a first parameter; the manure bait is placed on the sediment laid in experimental equipment; configuring water flow passing through the sediment and the manure bait in the experimental equipment, and adjusting environmental characteristics in the experimental equipment to simulate the environment of the target area; regularly detecting various indexes of the water flow in the experimental equipment, and recording the dissipation condition of the manure bait; after the experiment is ended, detecting various indexes of the sediment and the manure bait in the experiment equipment to obtain a second parameter; comparing the second parameter with the first parameter to obtain dissipation conditions of the sediment and the manure bait in a simulation environment in the experimental equipment; the problems that in the excrement bait dissipation observation experiment, environmental conditions cannot be copied, personnel observation is inconvenient, and sampling is difficult are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of environmental science engineering experiments, and particularly to an experimental method for observing the dissipation process of fecal bait. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the experiment on observing the dissipation process of residual bait and fish feces, this dissipation experiment plays a crucial role in aquaculture farm management. Through such experiments, not only can the utilization efficiency of fecal bait and the health status of fish be understood, but also the impact on water quality during the aquaculture process can be evaluated. Specifically, the residual bait that is not completely consumed and remains in the water body, as well as the feces produced by fish, will affect the water quality, thereby indirectly affecting the growth and survival rate of fish. Therefore, in-depth research on the dissipation mechanism of these substances in water helps to optimize feeding strategies, improve water quality management measures, and ultimately enhance aquaculture benefits.

[0003] Currently, research on the dissipation process of residual bait and fish feces mostly relies on outdoor field experiments. These experiments are usually directly carried out in aquaculture ponds or open waters, aiming to simulate the actual situation under natural conditions. The advantage of this approach is that it can provide relatively real environmental data, making the research results closer to practical applications. For example, experimenters can monitor the concentration changes of bait residues and fecal particles in the water body at different time periods through regular sampling and analysis to obtain information such as their dissipation rates and paths under natural conditions.

[0004] However, the existing outdoor experimental methods have obvious technical defects. Since these experiments are carried out in the natural environment, it is difficult to precisely control key variables such as temperature, light, and water flow velocity, resulting in the inability to make the environmental conditions of each experiment exactly the same, seriously affecting the repeatability and reliability of the experimental results, and restricting the in-depth exploration of the fecal bait dissipation mechanism. More importantly, directly conducting experiments in aquaculture ponds or open waters is not conducive to the experimenters to safely and efficiently carry out sampling work, and at the same time increases the risk of sample contamination, bringing inconvenience to subsequent detection and analysis. These problems all indicate that the existing experimental methods urgently need to be improved in order to provide more accurate and reliable data support for scientific research and technological development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In an embodiment of this application, an experimental method for observing the dissipation process of fecal bait is provided to solve the technical problems of irreproducible environmental conditions, inconvenient observation by personnel, and difficult sampling due to site limitations in the experiment of observing the dissipation of fecal bait. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] An experimental method for observing the dissipation process of fecal bait is provided in an embodiment of this application, including:

[0007] Obtain the required sediment and fecal bait, and detect various indicators of the sediment and fecal bait to obtain the first parameter;

[0008] Place the fecal bait on the sediment laid in the experimental equipment;

[0009] Configure the water flow passing through the sediment and the fecal bait in the experimental equipment, and adjust the environmental characteristics in the experimental equipment to simulate the environment of the target area;

[0010] Regularly detect various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and record the dissipation of the fecal bait;

[0011] After the experiment is terminated, detect various indicators of the sediment and the fecal bait in the experimental equipment to obtain the second parameter;

[0012] Compare the second parameter with the first parameter to obtain the dissipation of the sediment and the fecal bait under the simulated environment in the experimental equipment.

[0013] In one embodiment, the various indicators to be detected for the sediment and the fecal bait include: total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), crude protein, ash index, moisture content, carbon isotope, nitrogen isotope, and heavy metals.

[0014] In one embodiment, the method of configuring the water flow passing through the sediment and the fecal bait in the experimental equipment and adjusting the environmental characteristics in the experimental equipment to simulate the environment of the target area further includes:

[0015] Adjust the temperature of the water flow in the experimental equipment;

[0016] Adjust the aeration volume of the water flow in the experimental equipment;

[0017] Adjust the lighting conditions of the water flow, sediment, and fecal bait in the experimental equipment.

[0018] In one embodiment, the method of adjusting the temperature of the water flow in the experimental equipment further includes:

[0019] Adjust the water flow temperature in the experimental equipment to 16°C to 36°C.

[0020] In one embodiment, the method of adjusting the aeration volume of the water flow in the experimental equipment further includes:

[0021] Adjust the aeration rate of the water flow in the experimental equipment to 0% to 100%.

[0022] In one embodiment, the method of adjusting the lighting conditions of the water flow, sediment, and fecal bait in the experimental equipment further includes:

[0023] Carry out light-shielding treatment on the experimental equipment so that the water flow, sediment, and fecal bait in the experimental equipment are in a light-shielded environment; or,

[0024] The experimental equipment is made translucent, and a light source is irradiated on the water flow, sediment, and fecal bait in the experimental equipment.

[0025] In one embodiment, the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait further includes:

[0026] Regularly detect the first water quality indicators in the water flow, and the interval time for each detection of the first water quality indicators is 24 hours;

[0027] The first water quality indicators in the water flow are water temperature, water color, pH value, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen content respectively.

[0028] In one embodiment, the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait further includes:

[0029] Regularly detect the second water quality indicators in the water flow, and the interval time for each detection of the second water quality indicators is 24 hours to 600 hours;

[0030] The second water quality indicators in the water flow are total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 - -N), reactive phosphate, chemical oxygen demand, and heavy metals respectively.

[0031] In one embodiment, the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait further includes:

[0032] Compare the first water quality indicators and the second water quality indicators of the water flow with the indicators of tap water to obtain the water quality difference between the water flow and tap water.

[0033] In one embodiment, after the experiment is terminated, the method of detecting various indicators of the sediment and fecal bait in the experimental equipment to obtain the second parameter further includes:

[0034] This experiment is terminated when one of the following conditions is met:

[0035] Visually observe that the fecal bait in the experimental equipment has completely dissipated;

[0036] The experimental time for observing the dissipation process of the fecal bait reaches three months;

[0037] In the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait, the detection results of the water flow indicators are stable;

[0038] In the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait, the water quality detection results are the same as those of tap water.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the experimental method for observing the dissipation process of fecal baits proposed in the above technical solution can significantly improve the accuracy and repeatability of the research on the dissipation process of residual baits and fish feces by conducting experiments on observing the dissipation of fecal baits in experimental equipment. First, by laying a sediment layer similar to the target area in the experimental equipment, placing the fecal baits on it, and then simulating the water flow conditions in the target area, the experimental environment is made as close to the natural situation as possible while being controllable at the same time. The experimental equipment enables researchers to precisely adjust environmental characteristics, such as key environmental parameters like water flow rate and velocity, aeration rate, water temperature, and light, ensuring the consistency of experimental conditions each time, thereby greatly improving the reliability and reproducibility of experimental results. In addition, compared with the traditional outdoor experimental method, this application not only overcomes the influence of uncontrollable factors in the natural environment but also provides a more convenient way for sampling and water quality detection. Experimental personnel can safely and efficiently collect samples and conduct subsequent analysis without disturbing the experimental process, which greatly facilitates the research on the dissipation mechanism of fecal baits under different conditions. Since all operations are completed inside the experimental equipment, the risk of sample contamination caused by open-water experiments is avoided, further ensuring the accuracy of experimental data.

[0040] In summary, through this application, a refined study on the dissipation process of residual baits and fish feces in water bodies is achieved, providing solid data support and technical guarantee for optimizing aquaculture management strategies and improving water quality. This improvement not only helps to improve aquaculture efficiency and sustainability but also provides new tools and ideas for scientific research in related fields.

[0041] The above summary is only for the purpose of the specification and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of this application will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In the drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the several views denote the same or similar components or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings only depict some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of this application.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the water tank in the experimental equipment for observing the dissipation process of fecal baits proposed in the second embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the flow rectifying plate in the second embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the rectifying plate in the second embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Water tank;

[0048] 11. Water inlet; 12. Water outlet; 1a. First chamber; 1b. Second chamber; 1c. Third chamber;

[0049] 2. Rectifying plate; 20. Row of holes; 200. Drain hole;

[0050] 3. Overflow plate;

[0051] 4. Baffle plate;

[0052] 5. Water supply pipeline; 51. Ball valve; 52. Flowmeter;

[0053] 6. Temperature control device;

[0054] 7. Aeration device; 71. Four-hole oxygenation pump; 72. Aerator;

[0055] 8. Lighting device;

[0056] 9. Deposition layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are simply described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the drawings and the description are regarded as exemplary rather than restrictive in nature.

[0058] Embodiment 1

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, an experimental method for observing the dissipation process of fecal bait is proposed. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of fecal bait may include the following steps:

[0060] Obtain the required sediment and fecal bait, and detect various indicators of the sediment and fecal bait to obtain the first parameter;

[0061] Place the fecal bait on the sediment laid in the experimental equipment;

[0062] Configure a water flow passing through the sediment and fecal bait in the experimental equipment, and adjust the environmental characteristics in the experimental equipment to simulate the environment of the target area;

[0063] Regularly detect various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment, and record the dissipation situation of the fecal bait;

[0064] After the experiment is terminated, various indicators of the sediment and fecal bait in the experimental equipment are detected to obtain the second parameter;

[0065] The second parameter is compared with the first parameter to obtain the dissipation situation of the sediment and fecal bait in the simulated environment in the experimental equipment.

[0066] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, sand can be selected as the sediment for implementing this method, and sediment with a thickness of 30 - 50 mm is laid in the experimental equipment to simulate various sedimentary environments through different sediment thicknesses. The fecal bait is placed on the sediment, and the flow velocity and flow rate of the water flow in the experimental equipment are controlled to simulate different water flow conditions, so that different particle sizes of sediment can be adapted by adjusting the water flow conditions in the experimental equipment. It should be noted that the sediment can be selected from sand grains with a particle size of about 62 - 1500 μm, silt particles with a particle size of about 4 - 62 μm, or clay particles with a particle size of about 1 - 4 μm. And corresponding incipient flow velocities (water flows) need to be set in the experimental equipment for different particle sizes of sediment; specifically, the sediment with the corresponding particle size is selected for the sediment in the target area, and the flow velocity of the water flow is set according to the particle size of the sediment. The value range of the flow velocity should be determined according to the final results of the preliminary experiment; it should be explained that the target area is the sedimentary area where the fecal bait actually needs to dissipate. Taking the sediment with a particle size of 500 μm as an example based on the data obtained from the experiment, when the sediment is in an unconsolidated state, when the flow velocity of the water flow is greater than 18 cm·s-1, the sediment will be washed away by the water flow. Thus, it can be seen that when implementing the experimental method of this application, it is recommended to set the flow velocity of the water flow to be lower than 18 cm·s-1 for the sediment with a particle size of 500 μm. It should be noted that in this experimental method, it should be avoided that the water flow freely falls by gravity on the sediment laid in the experimental equipment; it should also be avoided that the water flow forms turbulent kinetic energy to scour the sediment laid in the experimental equipment through other external forces.

[0067] In some embodiments, the dissipation situation of the fecal bait can be recorded by visually observing and recording the dissipation situation of the fecal bait in the experimental equipment with images, and attaching a written description after the visual observation and image recording.

[0068] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the various indicators to be detected for the sediment and fecal bait include: total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), crude protein, ash index, moisture content, carbon isotope, nitrogen isotope, and heavy metals.

[0069] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, various indicators of sediment and fecal bait are detected according to water quality and sediment detection regulations and related requirements. A first indicator detection is carried out before putting the sediment and fecal bait into the experimental equipment to obtain a first parameter, and a second indicator detection is carried out on the sediment and fecal bait again after the experiment is terminated to obtain a second parameter. It should be noted that there may be a situation where it is impossible to distinguish sediment and fecal bait after the experiment is terminated. Then, corresponding measures can be taken in the second indicator detection. For example, the topmost sediment is taken for fecal bait detection, and the obtained indicator parameters are used as the indicator parameters of the fecal bait; the bottommost sediment is taken for sediment detection, and the obtained indicator parameters are used as the indicator parameters of the sediment. Thus, in this way, the second indicator detection can be smoothly carried out to obtain the second parameter after the experiment is terminated. In this embodiment, the heavy metals in the indicator detection of sediment and fecal bait include but are not limited to: copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, arsenic, total mercury, total chromium, nickel, and total vanadium, etc.

[0070] In this application, the following methods can be used to detect various indicators of sediment and fecal bait:

[0071] Total organic carbon (TOC) can be detected by Shimadzu (TOC-LCPHSSM-5000A), and the analysis method after detection can refer to "Determination of Total Organic Carbon in Marine Sediments - Non-dispersive Infrared Absorption Method" GB / T 30740-2014, where the method detection limit is 0.03×10-2;

[0072] Total nitrogen (TN) can be detected by an automatic Kjeldahl nitrogen analyzer, and the analysis method after detection can refer to the Kjeldahl titration method "Marine Monitoring Specifications - Part 5: Sediment Analysis" (Appendix D of GB 17378.5-2007);

[0073] Total phosphorus (TP) can be detected by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (Shanghai Yuanxi X-8), and the analysis method after detection can refer to the spectrophotometry method "Marine Monitoring Specifications - Part 5: Sediment Analysis" (Appendix C of GB 17378.5-2007), where the method detection limit is 0.005 mg / g;

[0074] Carbon isotope can be detected by an isotope mass spectrometer, a stable isotope mass spectrometer, a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, etc., and the analysis method after detection can refer to "Geological Sample Organic Geochemistry Analysis Methods - Part 2: Determination of Stable Carbon Isotope of Organic Matter - Isotope Mass Spectrometry Method" GB / T 18340.2-2010;

[0075] Nitrogen isotope can also be detected by an isotope mass spectrometer, and the analysis method after detection can refer to the above-mentioned isotope mass spectrometry method.

[0076] Heavy metals can be detected by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, model 2050. For the analytical method after detection, reference can be made to "Determination of Total Amount of 19 Metal Elements in Soil and Sediments - Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry" (HJ 1315 - 2023).

[0077] Among them, in the analytical method for copper, the method detection limit is 0.5×10-6; in the analytical method for lead, the method detection limit is 1.0×10-6; in the analytical method for zinc, the method detection limit is 6.0×10-6; in the analytical method for cadmium, the method detection limit is 0.04×10-6; in the analytical method for arsenic, the method detection limit is 0.06×10-6; in the analytical method for total mercury, the method detection limit is 0.002×10-6; in the analytical method for total chromium, the method detection limit is 2.0×10-6.

[0078] It should be noted that if sulfide is also included in the detection indicators of sediments and manure baits, sulfide can also be detected by an ultraviolet - visible spectrophotometer (Shanghai Yuanxi X - 8). For the analytical method after detection, reference can be made to "Determination of Sulfide in Soil and Sediments - Methylene Blue Spectrophotometry" HJ 833 - 2017, and the method detection limit therein is 0.3×10-6.

[0079] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in the method of configuring a water flow passing through sediments and manure baits in the experimental equipment and adjusting the environmental characteristics in the experimental equipment to simulate the environment of the target area, it further includes:

[0080] Adjusting the temperature of the water flow in the experimental equipment;

[0081] Adjusting the aeration volume of the water flow in the experimental equipment;

[0082] Adjusting the light conditions of the water flow, sediments, and manure baits in the experimental equipment.

[0083] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the temperature and aeration volume of the water flow can be adjusted in the experimental equipment, as well as the light conditions of the water flow, sediments, and manure baits in the experimental equipment, so as to simulate the dissipation efficiency and dissipation degree of manure baits under different environmental characteristics in the target area.

[0084] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in the method of adjusting the temperature of the water flow in the experimental equipment, it further includes:

[0085] Adjusting the temperature of the water flow in the experimental equipment to 16℃ - 36℃.

[0086] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the water flow temperature can be adjusted by the temperature control device 6. In one embodiment, the water can be adjusted to the target temperature by the temperature control device 6 first, and then the water at the target temperature is discharged into the water tank 1 of the experimental equipment, so as to form a water flow in the water tank 1. It is only necessary to detect that the temperature of the water flow in the water tank 1 reaches the expected temperature. For example: detect that the water flow temperature in the water tank 1 is stable at 16 °C, or 24 °C, or 36 °C. In this experimental method, under the condition of fixing the aeration volume of the water flow and the fixed light conditions in the experimental equipment, the temperature of the water flow can be adjusted to 16 °C respectively, so as to simulate the environment with the water temperature of 16 °C in the target area in the experimental equipment. In one embodiment, under the condition of fixing the aeration volume of the water flow and the fixed light conditions in the experimental equipment, the temperature of the water flow can also be adjusted to 24 °C respectively, so as to simulate the environment with the water temperature of 24 °C in the target area in the experimental equipment. In one embodiment, under the condition of fixing the aeration volume of the water flow and the fixed light conditions in the experimental equipment, the temperature of the water flow can also be adjusted to 36 °C respectively, so as to simulate the environment with the water temperature of 36 °C in the target area in the experimental equipment. Therefore, at least three gradients of water flow temperature are proposed in this application, and the temperature difference between each gradient is 8 °C, so as to simulate the water temperature in the target area in different seasons in the experimental equipment, so that the experimental method can cover the temperature ranges in different seasons during the process of manure bait dissipation.

[0087] Further, in some embodiments, the method of adjusting the aeration volume of the water flow in the experimental equipment further includes:

[0088] Adjust the aeration rate of the water flow in the experimental equipment to 0% - 100%.

[0089] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, an aeration device 7 can be configured in the experimental equipment. The aeration device 7 is immersed in the water flow of the experimental equipment to adjust the dissolved oxygen content in the water body of the experimental equipment by adjusting the power of the aeration device 7. When implementing the experimental method proposed in this embodiment, the power of the aeration device 7 is adjusted to 0%, that is, the aeration device 7 is not started, then it can be determined that the aeration rate of the water flow in the experimental equipment is 0%; and the power of the aeration device 7 is adjusted to 50%, that is, the aeration device 7 performs semi-power aeration, then it can be determined that the aeration rate of the water flow in the experimental equipment is 50%; the power of the aeration device 7 can also be adjusted to 100%, that is, the aeration device 7 performs full-power aeration, then it can be determined that the aeration rate of the water flow in the experimental equipment is 100%. In this embodiment, the aeration device 7 can be a four-hole oxygenation pump 71 with a power of 12W and an air pressure of 0.018 Mpa configured in the water of the experimental equipment and an aerator 72 connected to the four-hole oxygenation pump 71. The four-hole oxygenation pump 71 is connected to a gas source device for supplying oxygen, and the aerator 72 is placed at the bottom of the water tank 1 and located in the first chamber 1a to discharge the oxygen in the gas source device into the water flow in the first chamber 1a through the four-hole oxygenation pump 71 and the aerator 72. The air intake volume of the oxygenation pump is 0 L / min - 16 L / min, where L represents liters (volume unit) and min represents minutes (time unit), thus indicating that the minimum air intake volume of the oxygenation pump is 0 liters per minute and the maximum air intake volume is 16 liters per minute.

[0090] Further, in some embodiments, the method for adjusting the light conditions of the water flow, sediment, and fecal bait in the experimental equipment further includes:

[0091] Performing a light-shielding treatment on the experimental equipment so that the water flow, sediment, and fecal bait in the experimental equipment are in a light-shielded environment; or, performing a light-transmitting treatment on the experimental equipment and irradiating a light source on the water, sediment, and fecal bait in the experimental equipment.

[0092] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the water tank 1 in the experimental equipment proposed in this application can be made of transparent acrylic material. This water tank 1 is used to hold sediments and fecal baits and allow water flow to pass through to dissipate the fecal baits. And the shading treatment of the experimental equipment can be to cover the experimental equipment with a light-shielding cloth, or to arrange the experimental equipment in a dark indoor environment, so that the experimental equipment is in a light-shielded environment, specifically, the water tank 1 is in a light-shielded environment. To achieve the dissipation of the fecal baits in the experimental equipment under a preset water flow rate, select sediments with a specific particle size, adjust a fixed aeration rate, and in a light-shielded environment. In this embodiment, there is also a situation of dissipating fecal baits in a light-transmitting environment, specifically, the water tank 1 is not subjected to shading treatment, and light is transmitted into the water tank 1 through the transparent acrylic material, so as to achieve the dissipation of the fecal baits in the experimental equipment under a preset water flow rate, select sediments with a specific particle size, adjust a fixed aeration rate, and in a light-illuminated environment. In the experimental method of this application, LED lamp tubes can be arranged as light sources to irradiate the water flow, sediments, and fecal baits in the experimental equipment; three or more LED lamp tubes can be selected, and the electrical connection between the LED lamp tubes and the power supply is in parallel, that is to say, each LED lamp tube can be independently controlled to turn on and off. For example: an LED lamp tube of 220V, 16W, 1600Lm, where 16W represents the power of the LED lamp tube; 220 volts represents the potential difference of the LED lamp tube; 1600Lm represents the luminous flux of the LED lamp tube. Thus, in the experimental method of this application, various degrees of light-illuminated environments can be simulated by adjusting the number of LED lamp tubes turned on.

[0093] Further, in some embodiments, the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal baits further includes:

[0094] Regularly detect the first water quality indicators in the water flow, and the interval time for each detection of the first water quality indicators is 24 hours;

[0095] The first water quality indicators in the water flow are water temperature, water color, pH value, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen content respectively.

[0096] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, among the various water flow indicators of the experimental equipment, there are some indicators that need to be detected every day. It can be understood that during the experiment, they are detected every 24 hours. In this application, they can be defined as the first water quality indicators for subsequent reference. Among them, the first water quality indicators are water temperature, water color, pH value, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen content. It should be noted that the detection of conductivity is based on the evaluation of the salt concentration in the water. During the experiment, most of the salt content in the water comes from fish feces and residual bait. It should be explained that during the dissipation process of feces and bait, some salts can be released, such as nutrient salts, which can cause changes in the conductivity of the water quality. Therefore, after detecting the salt concentration in the water, on the one hand, the change in water quality during the dissipation process of feces and bait can be known, and on the other hand, the dissipation degree of feces and bait can be known by detecting the salt concentration.

[0097] Further, in some embodiments, the method of regularly detecting the various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of feces and bait also includes:

[0098] Regularly detecting the second water quality indicators in the water flow, and the interval time for each detection of the second water quality indicators is 24 hours to 600 hours;

[0099] The second water quality indicators in the water flow are respectively total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 - -N), reactive phosphate, chemical oxygen demand, and heavy metals.

[0100] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, among the various water flow indicators of the experimental equipment, there are also some indicators with gradually extended detection interval times. It can be understood that during the experiment, the detection time of this part of the indicators can be gradually extended. In this application, they can be defined as the second water quality indicators for subsequent reference. Among them, the second water quality indicators are respectively total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 - -N), reactive phosphate, chemical oxygen demand, and heavy metals. The heavy metals in the second water quality indicators include but are not limited to: copper, lead, zinc, cadmium, arsenic, total mercury, total chromium, nickel, and total vanadium, etc. In this embodiment, the interval time for each detection of the second water quality indicators can be gradually extended from 24 hours to 48 hours to 600 hours. For example, the interval time is sequentially changed from 24 hours to 48 hours, 72 hours, 120 hours, 240 hours, 360 hours, 480 hours, and 600 hours.

[0101] In this application, the various indicators of water quality can be detected in the following ways:

[0102] The water temperature can be detected by a water thermometer, and the analysis method after detection can refer to the "Determination of Water Quality Water Temperature - Thermometer or Reversing Thermometer Method" (GB13195-91);

[0103] The water color can be detected and the detection results can be recorded by visual inspection, and the analysis method after detection can refer to the "Determination of Water Quality Chromaticity" (GB11903-89);

[0104] The pH value can be detected by a portable pH meter, and the analysis method after detection can refer to the "Determination of Water Quality pH Value - Electrode Method" (HJ1147-2020) of the pH meter method;

[0105] The dissolved oxygen content can be detected by a portable DO meter, and the analysis method after detection can refer to the "Determination of Water Quality Dissolved Oxygen - Electrochemical Probe Method" (HJ506—2009);

[0106] The detection methods and analysis methods for total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) can adopt the detection methods in sediments and fecal baits, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0107] Ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) can be detected by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (X8 Shanghai Yuanxi), and the analysis method after detection can refer to the "Determination of Water Quality Ammonia Nitrogen - Salicylic Acid Spectrophotometry" (HJ536-2009), and the method detection limit is 0.005 mg / L;

[0108] Nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N) can be detected by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (X8 Shanghai Yuanxi), and the analysis method after detection can refer to the "Determination of Water Quality Nitrite Nitrogen - Spectrophotometry" (GB7493-87), and the method detection limit is 0.0009 mg / L;

[0109] Nitrate nitrogen (NO3 - -N) can be detected by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (X8 Shanghai Yuanxi), and the analysis method after detection can refer to the "Determination of Water Quality Nitrate Nitrogen - Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry (Trial)" (HJ / T346─2007), and the method detection limit is 0.003 mg / L;

[0110] Reactive phosphate can be detected by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (X8 Shanghai Yuanxi), and the analysis method after detection can refer to the "Determination of Water Quality Phosphate and Total Phosphorus - Continuous Flow - Ammonium Molybdate Spectrophotometry" (HJ670-2013), and the method detection limit is 0.001 mg / L;

[0111] Chemical oxygen demand can be detected by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (X8 Shanghai Yuanxi), and the analysis method after detection can refer to "Rapid Digestion Spectrophotometry for the Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand in Water Quality" (HJ / T 399-2007), where the method detection limit is 0.15 mg / L;

[0112] Heavy metals can be detected by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer model 2050, and the analysis method after detection can refer to "Determination of 65 Elements in Water Quality - Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry" (HJ 700-2014);

[0113] Among them, in the analysis method of copper, the method detection limit is 0.2 μg / L, in the analysis method of lead, the method detection limit is 0.03 μg / L, in the analysis method of zinc, the method detection limit is 3.1 μg / L, in the analysis method of cadmium, the method detection limit is 0.01 μg / L, in the analysis method of mercury, the method detection limit is 0.007 μg / L, in the analysis method of arsenic, the method detection limit is 0.5 μg / L, in the analysis method of total chromium, the method detection limit is 0.4 μg / L, and in the analysis method of nickel, the method detection limit is 0.4 μg / L;

[0114] Five-day biochemical oxygen demand can be detected by a flow injection BOD online monitor, and the analysis method after detection can refer to "Determination of Five-day Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) in Water Quality - Dilution and Inoculation Method" (HJ 505—2009), where the method detection limit is 1 mg / L;

[0115] Suspended solids can be detected by an SQP electronic balance (225D-1CN), and the analysis method after detection can refer to "Determination of Suspended Solids in Water Quality - Gravimetric Method" (GB 11901-89), where the method detection limit is 2 mg / L;

[0116] Chlorophyll a can be detected by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (X8 Shanghai Yuanxi), and the analysis method after detection can refer to "Determination of Chlorophyll a in Water Quality - Spectrophotometry" (HJ 897-2017) (8.2);

[0117] Sulfide can be detected by an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (X8 Shanghai Yuanxi), and the analysis method after detection can refer to "Determination of Sulfide in Water Quality - Methylene Blue Spectrophotometry" (HJ 1226—2021), where the method detection limit is 0.2 μg / L.

[0118] In the experimental method of this application, the various indicators of water quality can be compared with the various indicators of tap water to obtain the impact on water quality at each time period during the fecal bait dissipation process under the set environmental conditions of the experiment.

[0119] Further, in some embodiments, the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait further includes:

[0120] Compare the first water quality indicator and the second water quality indicator of the water flow with the indicators of tap water to obtain the water quality difference between the water flow and tap water.

[0121] Further, in some embodiments, after the experiment is terminated, the method of detecting various indicators of the sediment and fecal bait in the experimental equipment to obtain the second parameter further includes:

[0122] This experiment is terminated when one of the following conditions is met:

[0123] Visually observe that the fecal bait in the experimental equipment has completely dissipated;

[0124] The experimental time for observing the dissipation process of the fecal bait reaches three months;

[0125] In the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait, the detection results of the water flow indicators are stable;

[0126] In the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait, the detection results of the water flow indicators are no different from those of tap water.

[0127] Embodiment 2

[0128] Refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the embodiments of the present application, an experimental equipment for observing the dissipation process of fecal bait is proposed. The experimental equipment for observing the dissipation process of fecal bait may include: a water tank 1, provided with a water inlet 11 and a water outlet 12, so that water flows through the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 in the water tank 1; the water tank 1 has a first chamber 1a, a second chamber 1b and a third chamber 1c, the first chamber 1a is communicated with the second chamber 1b, the second chamber 1b is located between the first chamber 1a and the third chamber 1c, the first chamber 1a is communicated with the water inlet 11, the third chamber 1c is communicated with the water outlet 12, a sediment layer 9 is laid at the bottom of the second chamber 1b, and the sediment layer 9 is used to place fecal bait; a rectifying plate 2, arranged between the first chamber 1a and the second chamber 1b, for adjusting the water flow rate flowing from the first chamber 1a into the second chamber 1b; and an overflow plate 3, arranged between the second chamber 1b and the third chamber 1c, an overflow gap is arranged above the overflow plate 3, and the second chamber 1b is communicated with the third chamber 1c through the overflow gap to limit the upper water level in the second chamber 1b through the overflow plate 3.

[0129] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the water tank 1 includes a first chamber 1a with a water inlet 11 for receiving experimental water supplied by a water source. The second chamber 1b is located between the first chamber 1a and the third chamber 1c. The second chamber 1b serves as a dissipation area for fecal baits. Therefore, before the experiment, a deposition layer 9 needs to be laid at the bottom of the second chamber 1b, and the fecal baits required for the experiment are placed on the deposition layer 9. The third chamber 1c is connected to the water outlet 12, so that the water flowing from the second chamber 1b into the third chamber 1c can be discharged from the water tank 1 through the water outlet 12. The rectifying plate 2 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the water tank 1 to form the first chamber 1a and the second chamber 1b in the water tank 1 through the separation of the rectifying plate 2, so that the water flow rate flowing from the first chamber 1a into the second chamber 1b can be adjusted through the rectifying plate 2. The overflow plate 3 is located between the second chamber 1b and the third chamber 1c, and an overflow gap connecting the second chamber 1b and the third chamber 1c is reserved above the overflow plate 3. Therefore, when the water level in the second chamber 1b is higher than the overflow plate 3, the excess water flows into the third chamber 1c through the overflow gap, and the water in the third chamber 1c can be discharged from the water outlet 12 of this experimental device, so that the experimental device of this application can have water continuously flowing through it to simulate the underwater flowing water environment of the target area in the outside world.

[0130] Further, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the water outlet direction of the water inlet faces the rectifying plate; this experimental device for observing the dissipation process of fecal baits further includes: a baffle 4, arranged in the first chamber 1a, and the baffle 4 is located between the water inlet 11 and the rectifying plate 2, so that one side surface of the baffle 4 faces the water inlet 11 directly.

[0131] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, when the water outlet direction of the gold water tank in the water tank 1 faces the rectifying plate 2, the baffle 4 in the first chamber 1a can block the water outlet direction of the water inlet 11, so that the water entering the first chamber 1a from the water inlet 11 can be sprayed on the baffle 4, effectively preventing the water flow entering through the water inlet 11 from passing through the rectifying plate 2 and directly flushing the deposition layer 9 and fecal baits in the second chamber 1b.

[0132] Further, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the rectifying plate 2 is provided with several groups of hole rows 20 composed of drain holes 200, and each hole row 20 is arranged along the first direction of the rectifying plate 2 to form a rectangular array; the first chamber 1a and the second chamber 1b are connected through each hole row 20.

[0133] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, since the rectifying plate 2 is erected between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12, and a number of groups of hole rows 20 arranged along the first direction of the rectifying plate 2 are formed on the rectifying plate 2. The first direction can be the length direction or the width direction of the rectifying plate 2. Specifically, it can be determined according to whether the width dimension of the water tank 1 is greater than the height dimension. If the width dimension of the water tank 1 is greater than the height dimension, the first direction is the length direction of the rectifying plate 2; conversely, if the width dimension of the water tank 1 is less than the height dimension, the first direction is the width direction of the rectifying plate 2. The hole row 20 is composed of drain holes 200 arranged in a line along the width direction of the rectifying plate 2, so as to form a rectangular array composed of drain holes 200 on the rectifying plate 2, and the first chamber 1a and the second chamber 1b are communicated through the hole row 20, so that the water in the first chamber 1a can be discharged into the second chamber 1b through the drain holes 200. Since the water flow impact force in the first chamber 1a is alleviated by the baffle plate 4, the water in the first chamber 1a can flow smoothly into the second chamber 1b through the corresponding drain holes 200, so as to avoid the strong water flow impact force from scouring the sediment layer 9 in the second chamber 1b and destroying the natural dissipation process of the fecal bait.

[0134] Referring to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, each drain hole 200 can have the same size. During the experiment, the number of enabled drain holes 200 can be increased by gradually raising the water level in the first chamber 1a to adjust the flow rate of water entering the second chamber 1b. It can be understood that the higher the water level in the first chamber 1a, the more the number of enabled drain holes 200, and thus the greater the flow rate of water entering the second chamber 1b.

[0135] Furthermore, referring to Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, in each group of hole rows 20, the sizes of the drain holes 200 gradually decrease along the second direction perpendicular to the first direction on the rectifying plate 2.

[0136] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, when the first direction is the length direction of the rectifying plate 2, the sizes of the drain holes 200 in each hole row 20 can be set to gradually decrease along the width direction of the rectifying plate 2, and the width direction of the rectifying plate 2 is the second direction; conversely, when the first direction is the width direction of the rectifying plate 2, the sizes of the drain holes 200 in each hole row 20 can be set to gradually decrease along the length direction of the rectifying plate 2, and the length direction of the rectifying plate 2 is the second direction. When the rectifying plate 2 is arranged between the first chamber 1a and the second chamber 1b, the sizes of the drain holes 200 in the hole row 20 can gradually decrease from top to bottom or from bottom to top. Thus, when the water level in the first chamber 1a is raised by increasing the drainage volume, the water flowing into the second chamber 1b through the rectifying plate 2 has more selectable flow conditions, so that the experimental equipment in this application can simulate more external water flow environments.

[0137] Further, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, it further includes: a water supply pipeline 5 for connecting to a water source, and the water inlet 11 is connected to the water source through the water supply pipeline 5; a temperature control device 6 disposed on the water supply pipeline 5 for adjusting the water to a target temperature and then discharging it into the first chamber 1a through the water supply pipeline 5.

[0138] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the experimental water can be tap water, and the water supply pipeline 5 can be connected to a tap water source to meet the water use requirements of the experimental equipment. Before the tap water enters the first chamber 1a, the temperature of the water needs to be set to meet the requirements of simulating the external environment. Therefore, before the tap water enters the first chamber 1a, the tap water also needs to be temperature-adjusted by the temperature control device 6. In this embodiment, the temperature control device 6 is disposed on the water supply pipeline 5 so that the tap water can be temperature-adjusted and then sequentially pass through the water supply pipeline 5, the water inlet 11 until it is discharged into the first chamber 1a. The temperature control device 6 has refrigeration and heating functions and can adjust the water temperature according to experimental requirements. For example, the water temperature can be adjusted to 16°C or 24°C or 36°C. Usually, the tap water generally does not exceed 24°C. For example, if the experiment requires water at 24°C or 36°C, the heating function of the temperature control device can be started to heat the tap water, and it is okay when the water temperature is detected to reach the required temperature in the first chamber 1a. However, in some cases, the normal temperature tap water may be higher than 16°C. Furthermore, the refrigeration function of the temperature control device can be started to refrigerate the tap water, and it is okay when the water temperature is detected to reach the required temperature in the first chamber. Of course, during the experiment, different water temperatures can also be set according to actual needs through the refrigeration and heating functions of the temperature control device.

[0139] Further, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, a ball valve 51 and a flow meter 52 are disposed on the water supply pipeline 5. The ball valve 51 can close the water supply pipeline 5, and the flow meter 52 is used to record the water flow in the water supply pipeline 5.

[0140] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the ball valve 51 can control the opening degree of the water supply pipeline 5 to adjust the water supply flow of the water supply pipeline 5, so that the water supply amount of the experimental equipment can be adjusted through the ball valve 51, while the flow meter 52 can detect the current flow parameters of the water supply pipeline 5, so that the flow of the water supply pipeline 5 is converted into a visible parameter through the flow meter 52, so that the operator can observe the parameters of the flow meter 52 and adjust the water supply pipeline 5 to the target flow through the ball valve 51.

[0141] Referring to Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the water supply line 5 may include a first pipe section and a second pipe section. The first pipe section connects the water source and the water inlet end 61 of the temperature control device 6, and the second pipe section communicates the water outlet end of the temperature control device 6 and the water inlet 11. The ball valve 51 may be arranged on the first pipe section to control the flow rate of tap water entering the temperature control device 6 according to actual needs by adjusting the opening degree of the ball valve 51. The flow meter 52 may be arranged on the second pipe section to record the flow rate parameters of the water discharged into the first chamber 1a through the temperature control device 6 by the flow meter 52.

[0142] In one embodiment, the ball valve 51 and the flow meter 52 may also be arranged on the second pipe section. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the ball valve 51 should be arranged between the water outlet end 62 and the flow meter 52 to control the drainage volume passing through the temperature control device 6 by the ball valve, that is, the flow rate of water at the target temperature. The flow meter 52 is used to record the flow rate parameters of the temperature control device 6. Since the second pipe section communicates the water outlet end 62 and the water inlet 11, this flow rate parameter is also the flow rate parameter of the water discharged into the first chamber 1a.

[0143] Furthermore, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, it further includes: an aeration device 7 arranged in the first chamber 1a. The aeration device 7 has at least two air intake volume gears to adjust the dissolved oxygen content of the water in the first chamber 1a.

[0144] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, an aeration device 7 is also arranged in the first chamber 1a. The aeration device 7 can be placed on the bottom wall of the water tank 1. The aeration device 7 can transport oxygen to the water in the water tank 1 to adjust the dissolved oxygen content in the water flow. In this embodiment, the aeration device 7 has at least two air intake volume gears, which can be understood as that the output power of the aeration device 7 has two adjustment gears, so that the aeration device 7 has three modes during oxygen supply, namely, turning off the aeration device 7 without supplying oxygen to the water and two output powers with different oxygen supply amounts. For example, the two output powers in the aeration device 7 are half-power aeration and full-power aeration respectively. Then the aeration rate in the water is 0% when the aeration device 7 is turned off, 50% when the aeration device 7 is turned on for half-power aeration, and 100% when the aeration device 7 is turned on for full-power aeration.

[0145] In one embodiment, the aeration device 7 may include a four-hole aerator pump 71 with a power of 12W and an air pressure of 0.018 Mpa, and an aerator 72 connected to the four-hole aerator pump 71. The four-hole aerator pump 71 is connected to a gas source device for supplying oxygen, and the aerator 72 is placed at the bottom of the water tank 1 in the first chamber 1a to discharge the oxygen in the gas source device into the water flow in the first chamber 1a through the four-hole aerator pump 71 and the aerator 72. The adjustable air intake of the aerator pump is 0 L / min - 16 L / min, where L represents liters (volume unit) and min represents minutes (time unit); thus, the air intake of the aeration device 7 for half-power aeration is 8 L / min, and the air intake of the aeration device 7 for full-power aeration is 16 L / min.

[0146] Further, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the side wall of the water tank 1 corresponding to the second chamber 1b is made of transparent acrylic board.

[0147] Further, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, it further includes: a lighting device 8; the lighting direction of the lighting device 8 corresponds to the second chamber 1b, and the lighting device 8 is used to simulate a lighting environment in the second chamber 1b.

[0148] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the water tank 1 can be a rectangular box made of transparent acrylic material. Its acrylic material is not only strong and durable but also has good light transmittance, so as to facilitate simulating the lighting environment of the target area in the water tank 1. In one embodiment, only the side wall of the water tank 1 corresponding to the second chamber 1b can be made of transparent acrylic board. And in this embodiment, a lighting device 8 can be arranged above the water tank 1, and the light of the lighting device 8 can cover the entire water tank 1, especially the second chamber 1b in the water tank 1, so as to be able to simulate the lighting environment of the target area during the experiment.

[0149] Further, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the lighting device 8 includes: at least two light source components, and the two light source components are electrically connected to the power supply in parallel to adjust the lighting brightness in the second chamber 1b by independently turning on and off the two light source components.

[0150] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, the light source component can be an LED lamp tube, and the electrical connection between the LED lamp tube and the power supply is in parallel. That is to say, each LED lamp tube can be independently controlled to turn on and off. For example, an LED lamp tube with 220V, 16W, and 1600Lm, where 16W represents the power of the LED lamp tube; 220 volts represents the potential difference of the LED lamp tube; 1600Lm represents the luminous flux of the LED lamp tube. Therefore, in the experimental method of this application, various degrees of light environments can be simulated by adjusting the number of LED lamp tubes turned on.

[0151] Further, in some embodiments, it further includes: a light intensity meter disposed in the second chamber 1b for monitoring the light intensity above and below the water in the second chamber 1b.

[0152] Specifically, in the technical solution adopted in this application, two light intensity meters can be set in the second chamber 1b. The two light intensity meters can be fixed on the side wall of the water tank 1. The installation height of one light intensity meter is higher than the overflow plate 3 for monitoring the light intensity above the water in the second chamber 1b, while the installation height of the other light intensity meter is lower than the overflow plate 3 for monitoring the light intensity below the water in the second chamber 1b.

[0153] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0154] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of this application, "a plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0155] Any process or method description shown in the flowchart or described in other ways herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or part of code including one or more executable instructions for implementing a specific logical function or process. And the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations, where the functions can be executed in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved, rather than in the order shown or discussed.

[0156] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a definite sequence list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other systems that can fetch and execute instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device), or used in combination with these instruction execution systems, apparatus, or devices.

[0157] It should be understood that each part of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. All or part of the steps of the method in the above embodiments can be completed by a program instructing relevant hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0158] In addition, in each embodiment of the present application, the functional units can be integrated in a processing module, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in a module. The above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. When the above integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disc, etc.

[0159] As mentioned above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application can easily think of various changes or substitutions, and these should all be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait, characterized in that: include: Obtaining required sediment and feces bait, and detecting various indicators of the sediment and the feces bait to obtain a first parameter; placing the fecal bait on the sediment laid in the experimental equipment; Arrange a water flow passing through the sediment and the fecal bait in the experimental device, and adjust environmental characteristics in the experimental device to simulate the environment of the target area; Regularly testing various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait; After the experiment is terminated, various indicators of the sediment and the feces bait in the experimental equipment are detected to obtain a second parameter; The second parameter is compared with the first parameter to obtain the dissipation of the sediment and the fecal bait under the simulated environment in the experimental equipment.

2. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: The various indicators that need to be tested for the sediment and the feces bait include: total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), crude protein, ash index, moisture content, carbon isotope, nitrogen isotope and heavy metals.

3. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method of configuring a water flow passing through the sediment and the feces bait in the experimental device and adjusting the environmental characteristics in the experimental device to simulate the environment of the target area also includes: regulating the temperature of the water flow in the experimental apparatus; adjusting the aeration amount of the water flow in the experimental device; The water flow, the sediment and the lighting conditions of the fecal bait in the experimental device are adjusted.

4. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for adjusting the temperature of the water flow in the experimental device also includes: The water flow temperature in the experimental apparatus was adjusted to 16°C to 36°C.

5. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for adjusting the aeration amount of the water flow in the experimental device also includes: The aeration rate of the water flow in the experimental device was adjusted to 0% to 100%.

6. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of adjusting the water flow, the sediment and the lighting conditions of the fecal bait in the experimental equipment also includes: The experimental device is subjected to light-shielding treatment so that the water flow, sediment and fecal bait in the experimental device are in a light-proof environment; or, The experimental equipment is treated to be light-transmitting, and a light source is irradiated onto the water flow, the sediment and the feces bait in the experimental equipment.

7. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the feces bait also includes: Regularly testing the first water quality index in the water flow, with the interval of each testing of the first water quality index being 24 hours; The first water quality indicators in the water flow are water temperature, water color, pH value, conductivity and dissolved oxygen content.

8. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 7, characterized in that: The method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the feces bait also includes: Regularly testing the second water quality index in the water flow, with the interval of each testing of the second water quality index being 24 hours to 600 hours; The second water quality indicators in the water flow are total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3 - -N), active phosphates, chemical oxygen demand, and heavy metals.

9. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the feces bait also includes: The first water quality index and the second water quality index of the water flow are compared with various indexes of tap water to obtain the water quality difference between the water flow and the tap water.

10. The experimental method for observing the dissipation process of feces bait according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the experiment is terminated, the method of detecting various indicators of the sediment and the feces bait in the experimental equipment to obtain the second parameter also includes: This experiment will terminate when one of the following conditions is met: It was visually observed that the fecal bait in the experimental device had completely dissipated; The experimental period for observing the dissipation of fecal bait reached three months; In the method of regularly detecting various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the feces bait, the indicator detection results of the water flow are stable; In the method of regularly testing various indicators of the water flow in the experimental equipment and recording the dissipation of the fecal bait, the water quality test results are no different from tap water.

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