Heat pipe control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat management, and discloses a heat pipe control system which comprises a heat pipe module used for absorbing heat of a high-temperature graphite pool and transmitting the heat to a condensation end; the dynamic insertion control module is used for adjusting the insertion depth of the heat pipe in real time; the temperature detection and signal conversion module is used for monitoring temperature and converting a temperature signal into a digital signal; the control calculation module is used for receiving the temperature signal and calculating the insertion depth adjustment amount of the heat pipe based on an optimization control algorithm; the condensation and energy module is used for releasing heat, the condensation and energy module is further connected with the power module and provides power support for the system, and the heat pipe control device comprises a transmission mechanism, a driving mechanism, a temperature sensor, a temperature conversion module and a control calculation module. Through dynamic insertion control, accurate temperature field monitoring and waste heat energy recovery, the heat dissipation efficiency, safety and energy utilization rate of the heat pipe in the high-temperature environment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management, and specifically to a heat pipe control system. Background Art

[0002] In industrial fields such as metallurgy, nuclear energy, and aerospace, high-temperature graphite materials are widely used in components of thermal shields, heat exchangers, and reaction devices due to their excellent high-temperature resistance and thermal stability. However, in these application scenarios, graphite materials generate a large amount of heat in high-temperature environments, and their surface temperatures usually reach 2000°C to 3000°C. Although graphite materials have good high-temperature resistance, if heat cannot be effectively dissipated, these high temperatures will pose a hazard to the safety of surrounding equipment and the environment. In order to effectively manage the heat in these high-temperature environments, efficient heat dissipation technologies must be adopted, and heat pipes have become an ideal choice for solving such problems due to their excellent heat transfer performance.

[0003] In the prior art, heat pipe technology shows high efficiency in phase change heat transfer. Especially in a stable heat source environment, a heat pipe design with a fixed depth can meet some heat dissipation requirements. At the same time, traditional water-cooled or air-cooled condensation systems reduce the temperature of the condensation section of the heat pipe through direct cooling, enabling the heat pipe to operate stably. These technologies provide mature solutions for the heat dissipation field, especially suitable for scenarios with relatively small temperature fluctuations and relatively uniform heat flux density.

[0004] However, the prior art still has some deficiencies when facing complex, high-temperature, and dynamically changing thermal environments. First, the heat pipe design with a fixed depth lacks dynamic adjustment capabilities. When the temperature of the graphite pool changes, it is unable to adapt to the environment by adjusting the insertion depth, easily leading to overheating and damage of the heat pipe wall or insufficient heat dissipation. Second, the traditional single-point temperature detection method can only capture local temperature information and cannot comprehensively monitor the temperature field distribution, thereby limiting the precise adjustment capabilities of the system. Finally, the existing condensation systems fail to effectively utilize the waste heat at the condensation end, and the heat is directly discharged to the external environment, not only causing serious energy waste but also increasing the dependence on external energy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a heat pipe control system, which solves the problems in the prior art that the heat pipe cannot dynamically adjust the insertion depth, the temperature field monitoring is not comprehensive, and the waste heat utilization efficiency is low.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A heat pipe control system, comprising: A heat pipe module: used to absorb the heat of the high-temperature graphite pool and transfer the heat to the condensation end; A dynamic insertion control module: used to adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe in real time; Temperature Detection and Signal Conversion Module: Used to monitor temperature and convert temperature signals into digital signals; Control and Calculation Module: Used to receive temperature signals and calculate the adjustment amount of the heat pipe insertion depth based on an optimized control algorithm; Condensation and Energy Module: Used to release heat, and the condensation and energy module is also connected to the power supply module to provide power support for the system.

[0007] Preferably, the heat pipe module includes: Evaporation section, used to insert into the graphite pool to absorb heat; Condensation section, used to transfer heat to the condensation device; Pipe wall protection layer, covering the surface of the heat pipe to enhance the high-temperature resistance performance.

[0008] Preferably, the dynamic insertion control module includes: Chain hoist or lead screw mechanism and stepper motor, where: Chain hoist or lead screw mechanism, used to connect the heat pipe and the stepper motor to achieve the mechanical transmission of the heat pipe; Stepper motor, connected to the ball screw mechanism, used to receive drive signals and adjust the heat pipe insertion depth.

[0009] Preferably, the temperature detection and signal conversion module includes: Temperature sensor, set in the graphite pool and facing the heat pipe module, used to monitor the temperature range of the heat pipe module; Temperature conversion module, connected to the temperature sensor, used to convert analog signals into digital signals; Signal transmission unit, used to transmit digital signals to the control and calculation module.

[0010] Preferably, the control and calculation module includes: Control unit, used to run the optimized control algorithm and generate stepper motor drive signals, and the control unit is a single-chip microcomputer; Optimized control module, used to calculate the adjustment amount of the heat pipe insertion depth according to the temperature of the heat pipe module; Drive signal module, used to transfer the adjustment signal to the stepper motor.

[0011] Preferably, the optimized control module is used to construct a dynamic optimization objective function, and the objective function determines the insertion depth adjustment amount by calculating the weighted integral of factors such as the temperature difference, temperature gradient, and heat flux density between the heat pipe and the graphite pool.

[0012] Preferably, the condensation and energy module includes: Graphitization furnace, used to release the heat of the condensation section of the heat pipe; Power supply module, connected to other modules of the system, to provide power support for the temperature sensor, stepper motor, and control module; A thermoelectric conversion module, connected to a graphitization furnace, converts the released heat into electrical energy or other forms of energy.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature detection and signal conversion module further includes: A multi-point temperature acquisition device for high-temperature environments, which is used to simultaneously monitor multiple temperature points in the evaporation section of the heat pipe, on the surface of the pipe wall, and in the graphite pool; A network communication unit, connected to the control unit, for transmitting the temperature signals collected at multiple points.

[0014] Preferably, the dynamic insertion control module further includes: A transmission mechanism, made of high-rigidity materials, for precise transmission in high-temperature environments; A driving mechanism, connected to the transmission mechanism, adopting a closed-loop control method, and adjusting the insertion depth through feedback to adapt to real-time temperature field changes.

[0015] The present invention also provides a heat pipe control device, including a transmission mechanism, a driving mechanism, a temperature sensor, a temperature conversion module, and a control calculation module; The transmission mechanism is used to adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe; The driving mechanism is used to drive the transmission mechanism; The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperatures of the heat pipe and the graphite pool; The temperature conversion module is connected to the control calculation module, and is used to process signals and control the operation of the driving mechanism.

[0016] The present invention provides a heat pipe control system, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the dynamic insertion control module and combined with an optimized control algorithm, the present invention realizes the real-time adjustment of the insertion depth of the heat pipe. This method can adapt to the rapid changes in the temperature of the graphite pool, effectively protect the heat pipe in high-temperature environments, and optimize the heat dissipation efficiency. Compared with the existing fixed insertion structure, the present invention solves the problem that the temperature at the insertion point of the heat pipe is too low to start the heat pipe, and improves the operating efficiency of the heat pipe and the reliability of the system operation.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts a multi-point temperature detection and weighted calculation model to accurately monitor the temperature field distribution of the graphite pool and the heat pipe. Combined with high-precision signal conversion and real-time feedback, it provides more reliable temperature data support. This design overcomes the limitations of traditional single-point temperature measurement methods, can quickly respond to the dynamic changes of complex temperature fields, and improves the control accuracy and adaptability of the system.

[0018] 3. The present invention utilizes a condensation and energy module, and through the synergistic effect of the heat dissipation of the graphitization furnace and the thermoelectric conversion module, realizes efficient heat release and energy recovery. The thermoelectric module further reduces the dependence on external energy while improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system. Compared with the traditional single heat dissipation structure, the present invention effectively avoids energy waste and has the advantages of energy conservation and high efficiency.

[0019] 4. The present invention adopts an intelligent closed-loop feedback control mechanism, integrates real-time data acquisition, dynamic optimization calculation, and precise drive regulation, and realizes fully automated heat dissipation management. This method greatly reduces the need for manual intervention and ensures the stable operation of the system under high-temperature conditions. Compared with the traditional technology that relies on manual monitoring, it improves the intelligence and reliability of the heat dissipation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is the system architecture diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the device module diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 2 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a heat pipe control system, including: Heat pipe module: used to absorb the heat of the high-temperature graphite pool and transfer the heat to the condensation end; Through the coordinated operation of the evaporation section and the condensation section, the heat pipe module combines the high-efficiency characteristics of phase change heat transfer to achieve rapid heat transfer. The performance of the heat pipe module directly determines the heat dissipation efficiency and operation stability of the system, so its design and implementation are particularly crucial.

[0023] Generally, the heat pipe module needs to meet the requirements of both high-efficiency heat transfer and high temperature resistance. Specifically, the heat pipe module in the present invention has multiple innovations in material selection, structural design, and thermodynamics performance optimization to ensure its stable operation in the complex thermal environment of the high-temperature graphite pool.

[0024] In this embodiment, the heat pipe module is composed of an evaporation section, a condensation section, and a pipe wall protection layer, which respectively undertake the functions of heat absorption, transfer, and protection. The evaporation section is inserted into the high-temperature graphite pool and is in direct contact with the thermal insulation material in the graphite pool; the condensation section is naturally cooled or connected to a condensation device, and releases heat through circulating water or other cooling media; the pipe wall protection layer is used to enhance the high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of the heat pipe.

[0025] In a possible implementation, after the evaporation section contacts the graphite pool, the absorbed heat causes the working fluid to rapidly vaporize within the evaporation section. The evaporation process can be described by the following formula: where: q 蒸发 : the heat absorption of the evaporation section, in watts (W); h fg : the latent heat of vaporization of the working fluid, in joules per kilogram (J / kg); The mass flow rate of the working fluid vaporized per unit time within the evaporation section, in kilograms per second (kg / s).

[0026] Generally, the latent heat of vaporization h fg is closely related to the physical properties and temperature of the working fluid and can be selected according to the phase diagram of the working fluid. For example, in some embodiments, the working fluid can be selected as liquid metals (such as sodium, potassium) or high-temperature working fluids (such as mercury) to adapt to high-temperature environments above 1200 °C.

[0027] As an option, the condensation section dissipates heat naturally or is in direct contact with the graphitization furnace through highly efficient condensation materials (such as copper, aluminum, or stainless steel). The heat release process of the condensation section can be expressed as: where: q 冷凝 : the heat dissipation of the condensation section, in watts (W); h c : the convective heat transfer coefficient of the condensation section, in watts per square meter per kelvin (W / (m 2 ·K)); A: the contact area between the condensation section and the condensation device, in square meters (m 2 ); T 冷凝 : the surface temperature of the condensation section, in kelvin (K); T 水槽 : the water tank temperature of the condensation device, in kelvin (K).

[0028] Specifically, in order to improve the heat dissipation capacity of the condensation section, the condensation device adopts a multi-channel flow design to ensure that the cooling medium forms an efficient convective environment around the condensation section. In practical applications, by increasing the contact area A and enhancing the heat transfer coefficient h c , the condensation efficiency can be significantly improved.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the tube wall protection layer is made of a ceramic matrix composite material. This material can not only resist high temperatures but also effectively prevent chemical reactions between the evaporation section and the graphite pool. The thickness of the protection layer is usually 1 mm to 5 mm to ensure sufficient protection without significantly increasing the thermal resistance.

[0030] In some embodiments, to further improve the overall performance of the heat pipe module, a capillary structure (such as a sintered mesh or a microgroove structure) is provided in the evaporation section. The capillary structure drives the working fluid to flow back through capillary force without additional energy input. The driving force of capillary reflux can be expressed as: where: ΔP 毛细 : the pressure difference of capillary reflux, in Pa; σ: the surface tension of the working fluid, in N / m; θ: the contact angle, in degrees; r: the pore radius of the capillary structure, in m.

[0031] Specifically, by selecting a capillary structure with a small pore diameter (such as 5 μm to 50 μm), the reflux driving force can be significantly increased, enhancing the stability of the working fluid circulation.

[0032] In another possible implementation, to prevent the working fluid in the evaporation section from vaporizing too quickly due to overheating, the heat pipe module is equipped with a temperature sensor and an automatic protection device. When the temperature of the evaporation section exceeds the safety threshold, the protection device automatically reduces the insertion depth of the heat pipe or stops the working fluid circulation.

[0033] The heat pipe module can operate efficiently and stably in a high-temperature graphite pool. Its evaporation section and condensation section achieve efficient heat transfer through phase change heat transfer. The tube wall protection layer enhances the high-temperature adaptability and durability of the module. At the same time, through capillary structure design and dynamic control means, the stability and efficiency of the working fluid circulation are further optimized.

[0034] Dynamic insertion control module: used to adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe in real time; The main purpose of the dynamic insertion control module is to dynamically adjust the insertion depth of the evaporation section of the heat pipe according to the temperature change of the graphite pool to ensure the heat dissipation efficiency and the safety of the heat pipe. This module is closely connected to the heat pipe module and realizes signal interaction with the control calculation module. Through a precise mechanical transmission structure and an intelligent drive system, this module can achieve micron-level adjustment of the insertion depth.

[0035] Generally, the dynamic insertion control module needs to balance high-temperature adaptability and precision, so a high-rigidity mechanical structure and a closed-loop control method are selected. Specifically, the module uses a transmission mechanism to achieve mechanical transmission and combines a drive mechanism to provide driving force, which can respond to the signals of the control calculation module in real time and complete dynamic adjustment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the dynamic insertion control module includes a transmission mechanism, a driving mechanism, and a support structure. The specific designs and functions of each part are as follows.

[0037] The chain or lead screw mechanism is the core mechanical component for adjusting the insertion depth of the heat pipe. It converts rotational motion into linear displacement and directly connects the heat pipe module and the driving mechanism. As an option, the chain or lead screw is made of high-rigidity alloy material, and its surface is treated with high-temperature resistance, enabling it to operate for a long time in an environment up to 300°C. The transmission efficiency of the transmission mechanism can be expressed by the following formula: Where: η: The transmission efficiency of the ball screw, dimensionless; r: The radius of the lead screw, in m; P: The pitch of the lead screw, in m.

[0038] Generally, the smaller the pitch of the lead screw, the higher the transmission accuracy, but the transmission efficiency may decrease. In this embodiment, a ball screw with a pitch of 1 mm to 5 mm is selected to balance accuracy and efficiency.

[0039] The driving mechanism drives the ball screw through a control pulse to adjust the depth of the heat pipe. Specifically, the driving mechanism receives the driving signal output by the control calculation module and drives the lead screw to rotate through torque output. The operating characteristics of the driving mechanism can be described by the following formula: τ = KI - βω Where: τ: The motor output torque; K: The torque constant; I: The driving current; β: The torque loss coefficient; ω: The motor speed.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the driving current of the motor is determined by the following formula: Where: V: The input voltage, in V; R: The resistance of the motor winding, in Ω; L: The inductance of the motor winding, in H.

[0041] By adjusting the input voltage V and the motor control parameters, precise operation of the driving mechanism can be achieved, thus meeting the requirements of micron-level depth adjustment.

[0042] Specifically, the support structure is used to fix the ball screw and the driving mechanism, ensuring the stability of the entire dynamic insertion control module. As an option, the support structure adopts a high-strength metal frame, and heat insulation layers are added at key parts to reduce the influence of the high-temperature environment on mechanical components.

[0043] In some embodiments, to further improve the adjustment accuracy and response speed, the dynamic insertion control module adopts a closed-loop control method. The closed-loop control installs a position feedback sensor on the lead screw position to monitor the insertion depth of the heat pipe in real time and feeds the data back to the control calculation module. The control calculation module adjusts the drive signal according to the feedback data and the target insertion depth to form a closed-loop control system.

[0044] The dynamic behavior of the closed-loop control system can be described by the following control equation: where: d: the insertion depth of the heat pipe, in m; m: the equivalent mass of the transmission mechanism, in kg; c: the damping coefficient, in N·s / m; k: the stiffness coefficient, in N / m; F motor : the driving force of the driving mechanism, in N.

[0045] Generally, the selection of the damping coefficient c and the stiffness coefficient k needs to consider both the stability and dynamic response performance of the system. By adjusting the above parameters, the adjustment characteristics of the module can be optimized.

[0046] In this embodiment, the dynamic insertion control module realizes mechanical transmission through the transmission mechanism, combines the driving mechanism to provide precise driving, and adopts the closed-loop control method to improve the adjustment accuracy. This module can respond to the temperature field change in real time, dynamically adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe, and provide the best working conditions for the heat pipe module.

[0047] Temperature detection and signal conversion module: used to monitor the temperature of the heat pipe and the environment in the graphite pool and convert the temperature signal into a digital signal; The temperature detection and signal conversion module collects the temperature data of the high-temperature graphite pool and the heat pipe module through temperature sensors, and converts the collected analog signal into a digital signal for the control calculation module to analyze and process. This module ensures the rapid response of the system to temperature changes and the accuracy of dynamic control through high-precision measurement and efficient signal conversion.

[0048] Generally, the temperature detection module needs to meet the long-term stable operation in a high-temperature environment and have the ability to quickly sample multi-point temperatures. Specifically, this module adopts multi-point arranged temperature sensors and high-performance signal conversion units to provide accurate and stable temperature data.

[0049] In this embodiment, the temperature detection and signal conversion module mainly includes a temperature sensor, a temperature conversion module, and a signal transmission unit. The specific design and functions of each part are as follows.

[0050] The temperature sensor is used to collect real-time temperature data of the high-temperature graphite pool and the heat pipe module. In a possible implementation, the sensors are arranged at different positions in the evaporation section, condensation section of the heat pipe and the graphite pool to cover key temperature points. Generally, the temperature sensor can be a platinum resistance thermometer (PT100) or a thermocouple (such as a K-type thermocouple). For high-temperature scenarios, a thermocouple is preferred, and its measurement range can reach above 2000 °C.

[0051] As an option, the relationship between the output voltage of the temperature sensor and the temperature can be expressed by the following formula: V = S·T + V0 Where: V: the output voltage of the sensor, in volts (V); S: the sensitivity coefficient, in volts per degree Celsius (V / °C); T: the measured temperature, in degrees Celsius (°C); V0: the offset voltage of the sensor, in volts (V).

[0052] Specifically, the sensitivity coefficient S is an important parameter of the sensor, which reflects its response ability to temperature changes. In some embodiments, a high-precision thermocouple with a sensitivity of 10 μV / °C is selected, which can significantly improve the measurement resolution.

[0053] The temperature conversion module is connected to the temperature sensor and is used to convert the collected analog signal into a digital signal and perform preliminary processing on the signal. In a possible implementation, the temperature conversion module uses an analog-to-digital conversion chip (ADC), and its conversion accuracy can reach 16 bits or higher. The process of analog-to-digital conversion can be described by the following formula: Where: D: the digital output value, dimensionless; V in : the input voltage; V ref+ : the positive terminal of the reference voltage; V ref- : the negative terminal of the reference voltage; N: the resolution of the ADC.

[0054] Generally, selecting an ADC with a 16-bit resolution can improve the measurement accuracy of temperature to the order of 0.01 °C. In a possible implementation, the temperature conversion module also integrates a low-pass filter to suppress the interference of high-frequency noise on the signal.

[0055] The signal transmission unit is used to transfer the converted digital signal to the control and calculation module. Specifically, the signal transmission unit uses the I 2 C or SPI bus protocol to ensure high-speed and stable data transmission. As an option, the I 2 C protocol supports multi-node communication and can connect multiple sensors simultaneously, further enhancing the scalability of the system.

[0056] In some embodiments, to improve the coverage of temperature detection, temperature sensors are arranged in an array. For example, a 3×3 or 4×4 sensor matrix is set in the graphite pool, which can provide two-dimensional distribution information of the temperature field. The temperature sampling points T of the matrix arrangement i,j can be expressed as: where: T i,j : the temperature value of a certain point in the matrix, unit: °C; w k : the weight coefficient, dimensionless; T k : the temperature value of the sampling point, unit: °C; n: the total number of sampling points, dimensionless; the weighted temperature sum of the temperature sampling points; the sum of the weights.

[0057] Generally, the weight coefficient w k can be weighted according to the distance between the sensor and the target point. The closer the distance, the greater the weight, so as to improve the measurement accuracy of the temperature field distribution.

[0058] In another possible implementation, the temperature detection and signal conversion module integrates a non-linear compensation function to correct the non-linear error of the temperature sensor under high-temperature conditions. The correction formula for non-linear compensation is: T 校正 = T 测量 + ΔT 非线性 where: T 校正 : the corrected temperature value, unit: °C; T 测量 : the uncorrected measured value, unit: °C; ΔT 非线性 : the non-linear error correction value, unit: °C.

[0059] The non-linear error correction value ΔT 非线性 can be determined in advance through a calibration experiment and stored in the calibration table of the temperature conversion module.

[0060] In this embodiment, the temperature detection and signal conversion module realizes the accurate acquisition of the high-temperature field through multi-point distributed temperature sensors, and uses high-resolution analog-to-digital conversion and reliable signal transmission technology to transfer the temperature data to the control calculation module in real time.

[0061] Control calculation module: used to receive the temperature signal and calculate the adjustment amount of the heat pipe insertion depth based on the optimized control algorithm; the control calculation module is used to receive the real-time temperature data transmitted from the temperature detection and signal conversion module, and calculate the optimal adjustment amount of the heat pipe insertion depth based on the optimized control algorithm. This module directly affects the response speed and accuracy of the dynamic insertion control module, ensuring that the working state of the heat pipe in the high-temperature graphite pool is always in a safe and efficient heat exchange condition.

[0062] In general, the control calculation module needs to have a high calculation speed and real-time response ability to quickly process temperature data and dynamically adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe. Specifically, this module uses the control unit system as the core processing unit, integrates an optimized control algorithm and a drive signal module to form a complete closed-loop control system.

[0063] In this embodiment, the control calculation module mainly includes a control unit, an optimized control module, and a drive signal module. The design and functions of each part are as follows: The control unit is the core of the entire control calculation module, which is used to receive the data transmitted by the temperature detection and signal conversion module and execute the preset control algorithm. In a possible implementation, a high-performance processor is selected as the control unit, and its high-frequency operation ability ensures the rapid processing of real-time data.

[0064] The optimized control module is used to calculate the optimal adjustment amount of the heat pipe insertion depth based on real-time temperature data. This module adopts a dynamic optimization control algorithm to adjust the heat pipe insertion depth in real time. Specifically, the objective function can be expressed as: Where: J(d): The objective function, representing the cumulative amount of the square error of the temperature difference (unit: K 2 ·m); d: The insertion depth of the heat pipe (unit: m); L: The maximum length that the heat pipe can be inserted (unit: m); T 石墨 (x,t): The real-time temperature at a certain point in the graphite pool (unit: K); T 热管 (x,t): The real-time temperature of the evaporation section of the heat pipe (unit: K); x: The position in the heat pipe length direction (unit: m); t: Time (unit: s).

[0065] In general, this objective function calculates the sum of the squares of the temperature differences between the graphite pool and the heat pipe, minimizes this difference, and thus finds the optimal insertion depth.

[0066] To solve this objective function in real time, the control module adopts the gradient descent algorithm, and the update rule of its insertion depth is as follows: Where: d(t): The insertion depth at time t (unit: m); η: The learning rate, which controls the step size of each update (dimensionless); The partial derivative of the objective function J with respect to the insertion depth d.

[0067] The drive signal module converts the insertion depth adjustment amount calculated by the optimized control module into a drive signal that can be recognized by the drive mechanism. Specifically, the relationship between the drive pulse frequency f of the drive mechanism and the insertion depth adjustment amount Δd can be expressed as: where: f: driving pulse frequency of the driving mechanism (unit: Hz); Δd: change in the insertion depth for this adjustment (unit: m); P: pitch of the ball screw (unit: m); t s : sampling period of the driving signal (unit: s).

[0068] In a possible implementation, to prevent overshoot or oscillation in the system, the driving signal module also employs a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) control algorithm. The PID control equation is as follows: where: u(t): output control signal (unit: V); e(t): error between the target insertion depth and the actual insertion depth (unit: m); K p : proportionality coefficient (dimensionless); K i : integral coefficient (dimensionless); K d : derivative coefficient (dimensionless); τ: integral variable (unit: s).

[0069] Generally, by reasonably adjusting the K p 、K i and K d parameters, the driving mechanism can reach the target position quickly and stably during the insertion depth adjustment process, avoiding overshoot and oscillation phenomena.

[0070] In some embodiments, to further improve the calculation accuracy and response speed, the optimization control module employs an adaptive control algorithm based on a neural network. This algorithm learns from historical temperature data and the results of insertion depth adjustments to autonomously optimize the adjustment strategy. The output insertion depth adjustment amount Δd of the neural network can be expressed as: Δd = f(W·X + b) where: Δd: insertion depth adjustment amount (unit: m); f: activation function (such as the ReLU function); W: weight matrix of the neural network (dimensionless); X: input temperature data vector (unit: K); b: bias term (dimensionless).

[0071] Specifically, the training data of the neural network is sourced from the temperature records and the results of insertion depth adjustments during the operation of the system, and the weight matrix W and the bias term b are continuously optimized through the backpropagation algorithm to achieve a better control effect.

[0072] In this embodiment, the control calculation module uses the control unit as the core calculation unit, integrates the optimized control algorithm and the drive signal module, realizes the dynamic adjustment of the heat pipe insertion depth. Through objective function modeling, gradient descent algorithm, and PID closed-loop control, the system can quickly respond to temperature changes, accurately adjust the insertion depth, and ensure the safe operation and efficient heat dissipation of the heat pipe module. At the same time, the introduction of the neural network adaptive control algorithm provides a more efficient and intelligent control means for the system.

[0073] Condensation and energy module: used to release heat, and the condensation and energy module is also connected to the power supply module to provide power support for the system; The main function of the condensation and energy module is to efficiently release the heat carried by the condensation section of the heat pipe, and at the same time convert thermal energy into electrical energy to provide energy support for the system. The design and operation of this module directly affect the heat dissipation ability of the heat pipe and the energy utilization efficiency, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the entire system.

[0074] Generally, the condensation and energy module needs to realize the secondary utilization of energy while efficiently dissipating heat. Specifically, this module works in coordination with three parts: heat dissipation through the graphitization furnace, thermoelectric conversion, and power management, which can not only improve the heat release efficiency but also effectively reduce the system's dependence on external energy.

[0075] In this embodiment, the condensation and energy module includes a graphitization furnace, a thermoelectric conversion module, and a power supply module. The design and functions of each part are as follows: The graphitization furnace is the main device for heat dissipation in the condensation section. Its internal design has a multi-layer flow channel structure to increase the contact area between the condensation section and the cooling medium. Specifically, the graphitization furnace quickly removes heat through the circulating water system to ensure that the temperature of the condensation section is stable within a reasonable range. Generally, the heat transfer efficiency of the graphitization furnace can be expressed by the following formula: q 水槽 =h c ·A·(T 冷凝 -T 水 ) Where: q 水槽 : The heat dissipation of the graphitization furnace, unit is W; h c : Convective heat transfer coefficient, unit is W / (m 2 ·K); A: The contact area between the condensation section and the water tank, unit is m 2 ; T 冷凝 : The surface temperature of the condensation section, unit is K; T 水 : The average temperature of the cooling water, unit is K.

[0076] As an option, the heat exchange efficiency of the graphitization furnace can be further improved by optimizing the flow channel design and selecting high thermal conductivity materials (such as copper or aluminum). For example, in some embodiments, by setting a porous flow splitter plate, the cooling water flow can be evenly distributed to prevent local overheating.

[0077] The thermoelectric conversion module utilizes the temperature difference between the condensation section and the graphitization furnace, and converts thermal energy into electrical energy through the thermoelectric effect. In a possible implementation, the thermoelectric module uses the Seebeck effect for energy conversion, and its output voltage V 热电 can be expressed by the following formula: V 热电 = S·ΔT where: V 热电 : the output voltage of the thermoelectric module, in V; S: the Seebeck coefficient of the thermoelectric material, in V / K; ΔT: the temperature difference between the condensation section and the graphitization furnace, in K.

[0078] Specifically, the selection of the Seebeck coefficient S depends on the characteristics of the thermoelectric material. For example, in some embodiments, thermoelectric materials with a high Seebeck coefficient (such as bismuth telluride or bismuth antimony alloy) are preferably used to achieve higher energy conversion efficiency.

[0079] The power supply module is directly connected to the thermoelectric conversion module, and is used to collect and manage the converted electrical energy, and at the same time provide power support for the temperature sensor, control calculation module and drive mechanism in the system. As an option, the power supply module can integrate an energy storage unit (such as a supercapacitor or a lithium battery) to buffer the output fluctuations of the thermoelectric conversion module.

[0080] In some embodiments, in order to further improve the energy utilization rate, the condensation and energy module adds a function of hierarchical heat utilization. For example, by setting a medium-temperature heat exchanger downstream of the graphitization furnace, the remaining heat can be used to provide heat sources for other industrial processes. The efficiency of hierarchical heat utilization can be expressed by the following formula: where: η 总 : the total heat utilization efficiency, dimensionless; q 高温 : the heat utilized by the thermoelectric conversion module, in W; q 中温 : the heat utilized by the medium-temperature heat exchanger, in W; q total: the total heat released by the graphitization furnace, in W.

[0081] In another possible implementation, the thermoelectric conversion module realizes a higher temperature difference utilization range through multi-stage series-connected thermoelectric materials. For example, by combining bismuth telluride in the high-temperature section with silicon germanium material in the medium-temperature section, large temperature differences and small temperature differences can be utilized simultaneously to achieve higher energy conversion efficiency.

[0082] In this embodiment, through the collaborative design of the graphitization furnace, the thermoelectric conversion module, and the power supply module, the condensation and energy module achieves efficient heat release and secondary energy utilization. The graphitization furnace optimizes the heat dissipation capacity of the condensation section. The thermoelectric conversion module converts thermal energy into electrical energy for the power supply module to use, and at the same time expands the application scenarios of the system.

[0083] A heat pipe control device described below can be correspondingly referred to with a heat pipe control system described above.

[0084] Please refer to the append Figure 2 , the present invention also provides a heat pipe control device, including a transmission mechanism, a driving mechanism, a temperature sensor, a temperature conversion module, and a control calculation module; The transmission mechanism is used to adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe; The driving mechanism is used to drive the transmission mechanism; The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperatures of the heat pipe and the graphite pool; The temperature conversion module is connected to the control calculation module and is used to process signals and control the operation of the driving mechanism.

[0085] The device of this embodiment can be used to execute the above system embodiment, and its principle and technical effects are similar, so they will not be elaborated here.

[0086] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat pipe control system, characterized in that: include: Heat pipe module: used to absorb the heat from the high-temperature graphite pool and transfer the heat to the condensation end; Dynamic insertion control module: used to adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe in real time; Temperature detection and signal conversion module: used to monitor temperature and convert temperature signals into digital signals; Control calculation module: used to receive temperature signals and calculate the heat pipe insertion depth adjustment amount based on the optimization control algorithm; Condensation and energy module: used to release heat. The condensation and energy module is also connected to the power module to provide power support for the system.

2. A heat pipe control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe module comprises: The evaporation section is used to insert the graphite pool to absorb heat; a condensing section, for transferring heat to a condensing device; The pipe wall protective layer covers the surface of the heat pipe to enhance the high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.

3. A heat pipe control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic insertion control module comprises: Transmission mechanism and drive mechanism, wherein: The transmission mechanism is used to connect the heat pipe and the driving mechanism to realize the mechanical transmission of the heat pipe; The driving mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism and is used to receive the driving signal and adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe.

4. A heat pipe control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature detection and signal conversion module includes: A temperature sensor is disposed in the graphite pool and faces the heat pipe module, and is used to monitor the temperature range of the heat pipe module; A temperature conversion module, connected to the temperature sensor, for converting an analog signal into a digital signal; The signal transmission unit is used to transmit the digital signal to the control calculation module.

5. A heat pipe control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control calculation module comprises: A control unit, for running an optimization control algorithm and generating a drive signal for a drive mechanism; An optimization control module is used to calculate the heat pipe insertion depth adjustment amount according to the heat pipe module temperature; The driving signal module is used to transmit the adjustment signal to the driving mechanism.

6. A heat pipe control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The optimization control module is used to construct a dynamic optimization objective function, which determines the insertion depth adjustment amount by calculating the weighted integral of factors such as the temperature difference between the heat pipe and the graphite pool, the temperature gradient, and the heat flux density.

7. A heat pipe control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation and energy module comprises: Graphitization furnace, used to release the heat from the condensing section of the heat pipe; The power module is connected with other modules of the system to provide power support for the temperature sensor, drive mechanism and control module; The thermoelectric conversion module is connected to the graphitization furnace to convert the released heat into electricity or other energy.

8. A heat pipe control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature detection and signal conversion module further includes: Multi-point temperature acquisition device in high temperature environment, used to simultaneously monitor multiple temperature points in the heat pipe evaporation section, pipe wall surface and graphite pool; The network communication unit is connected to the control unit and is used to transmit signals collected from multiple points.

9. A heat pipe control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dynamic insertion control module further comprises: Transmission mechanism, made of high-rigidity materials or guide chains, used for precise transmission in high-temperature environments; The driving mechanism is connected to the transmission mechanism and adopts a closed-loop control method to adjust the insertion depth through feedback to adapt to the real-time temperature field changes.

10. A heat pipe control device, characterized in that: A heat pipe control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a guide chain or a lead screw linkage, a stepping motor, a temperature sensor, a temperature conversion module and a control calculation module; The guide chain or screw rod linkage is used to adjust the insertion depth of the heat pipe; The stepper motor drive mechanism is used to drive the guide chain or the lead screw linkage; Temperature sensors are used to monitor the temperature of heat pipes and graphite pools; The temperature conversion module is connected to the control calculation module and is used for processing signals and controlling the operation of the stepper motor drive mechanism.

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