Ecological park construction method based on carbon neutralization target

Abstract

The invention provides an ecological park construction method based on a carbon neutralization target, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the topographic data of a target region, the topographic data comprising a slope parameter and a surface form parameter; calculating a moisture distribution index according to topographic data, and determining soil stability in combination with the slope parameter and the surface form parameter; dividing a water and soil loss area, a carbon fixation area and a water and soil conservation area according to the moisture distribution index and the soil stability; acquiring solar incident angle data and gradient data, calculating illumination duration data, and outputting photosynthesis potential values of the sub-regions according to the illumination duration data; determining planting schemes of the herbaceous vegetation planting area, the arbor planting area and the shrub planting area according to the soil stability and the photosynthesis potential value; estimating the total carbon fixing amount according to the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-region; and if the total carbon fixation amount is lower than the target threshold value, transforming the terrain of the ecological park, and increasing the area of the carbon fixation area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of information technology, and particularly to a method for constructing an ecological park based on the goal of carbon neutrality. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of ecological parks, the coordinated optimization of terrain construction and vegetation selection is the key to maximizing carbon sequestration capacity. The undulation of the terrain not only affects the distribution of water and soil, but also determines the formation of microclimate. The soil erosion problem on steep slopes will directly weaken soil fertility and limit vegetation growth, while flat areas may accumulate water due to poor drainage, affecting root development. The aspect and slope of the terrain also determine the spatio-temporal distribution of sunlight, thereby affecting the photosynthesis efficiency of vegetation. There are significant differences in the sunlight duration and intensity between sunny slopes and shady slopes, resulting in significant differences in the carbon fixation ability of the same plant in different areas. In terms of vegetation selection, there are significant differences in the carbon fixation ability and growth characteristics of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. Although trees have a high carbon fixation ability, their root development requires a deep soil layer and they have a large crown diameter, which is prone to landslide risks when planted on slopes. The carbon fixation ability of shrubs is moderate, but their root structure is complex and can effectively fix soil, making them suitable for planting in areas with larger slopes. Although herbaceous plants have a low carbon fixation ability, their ability to quickly cover the ground can effectively reduce soil erosion and is suitable for mixed planting on gently sloping surfaces. However, how to balance the carbon fixation ability and ecological adaptability of different vegetation under specific terrain conditions is a complex technical problem. For example, in areas with larger slopes, choosing trees with high carbon fixation ability can increase carbon sequestration, but may exacerbate soil erosion; while choosing shrubs with strong soil fixation ability can alleviate soil erosion, but their carbon fixation ability is relatively insufficient. This contradiction is particularly prominent in ecological parks with complex terrain and requires fine-grained trade-offs between vegetation selection and terrain construction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method for constructing an ecological park based on the goal of carbon neutrality, mainly including:

[0004] Obtain the terrain data of the target area, and calculate the water distribution index according to the terrain data; the terrain data includes slope parameters and surface morphology parameters, and determine the soil stability by combining the slope parameters and surface morphology parameters;

[0005] If the water distribution index of the target area is higher than the preset threshold and the soil stability is lower than the critical value, it is determined as a soil erosion area, determine this sub-area as a herbaceous vegetation planting area, and determine the herbaceous vegetation planting plan;

[0006] Obtain the solar incidence angle data and slope data to calculate the sunlight duration data, and output the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-area according to the sunlight duration data;

[0007] Determine the areas with soil stability higher than the preset threshold as carbon fixation areas, identify them as arbor planting areas, select the arbor planting density value according to the photosynthesis potential value, and obtain the arbor planting carbon sequestration plan;

[0008] For areas where the soil stability is lower than the preset threshold and the water distribution index is lower than the preset threshold, determine them as soil and water conservation areas, identify them as shrub planting areas, calculate the shrub planting density according to the water distribution index, and obtain the soil and water conservation plan;

[0009] Estimate the total carbon fixation amount generated by the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the arbor planting carbon sequestration plan and the soil and water conservation plan according to the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-region, and obtain the total carbon sequestration amount of the ecological park;

[0010] If the total carbon fixation amount is lower than the target threshold, transform the terrain of the ecological park and adjust the area ratio of each region.

[0011] Furthermore, obtain the terrain data of the target area and calculate the water distribution index according to the terrain data; the terrain data includes slope parameters and surface morphology parameters, and determine the soil stability by combining the slope parameters and surface morphology parameters, including: obtaining the terrain data of the target area through the geographic information system, and the terrain data includes slope parameters and surface morphology parameters; based on the terrain data, use the Kriging interpolation algorithm to calculate the water distribution index of the target area; according to the slope parameters and surface morphology parameters, use the weighted average method to calculate the first soil stability factor; use the multiple linear regression model according to the water distribution index to calculate the second soil stability factor; calculate the soil stability coefficient according to the first soil stability factor and the second soil stability factor.

[0012] Furthermore, if the water distribution index of the target area is higher than the preset threshold and the soil stability is lower than the critical value, determine it as a soil erosion area, identify the sub-region as a herbaceous vegetation planting area, and determine the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, including: extracting the slope and surface morphology data of the target area through the geographic information system; using the random forest algorithm to analyze the influence degree of the slope and surface morphology data on the soil erosion area; determining the herbaceous vegetation planting plan according to the analysis result.

[0013] Furthermore, obtain the solar incidence angle data and slope data to calculate the light duration data, and output the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-region according to the light duration data, including: using the solar radiation tool, inputting the solar incidence angle data and slope data to generate the light duration distribution data of the target area; based on the light duration distribution data, divide the light duration distribution data into sub-regions within the preset threshold range; for each sub-region, calculate the average light duration; use the photosynthesis potential calculation equation, input the average light duration, and generate the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-region.

[0014] Furthermore, the areas with soil stability higher than the preset threshold are determined as carbon fixation areas and designated as arbor planting areas. The arbor planting density value is selected according to the photosynthesis potential value to obtain the arbor planting carbon fixation plan, including: obtaining the photosynthesis efficiency coefficient according to the arbor planting species and calculating the photosynthesis potential value of a single arbor; calculating the daily average carbon fixation amount of the carbon fixation area according to the annual carbon fixation target of the carbon fixation area; dividing the daily average carbon fixation amount by the photosynthesis potential value of a single arbor to calculate the total number of arbors; obtaining the total area of the carbon fixation area and dividing it by the total number of arbors to calculate the arbor planting density.

[0015] Furthermore, the areas with soil stability lower than the preset threshold and water distribution index lower than the preset threshold are determined as soil and water conservation areas and designated as shrub planting areas. The shrub planting density is calculated according to the water distribution index to obtain the soil and water conservation plan, including: obtaining the total area of the soil and water conservation area according to the water distribution index; obtaining the root coverage area data of a single standard shrub through experimental methods; obtaining the soil and water conservation coefficient of the average standard single shrub under different water distribution indexes; calculating the shrub planting density according to the total area of the soil and water conservation area, the root coverage area and the soil and water conservation coefficient of the average standard single shrub; dividing the soil and water conservation area into grids to obtain the water distribution index of each grid; calculating the shrub planting density for the water distribution index of each grid respectively to obtain the soil and water conservation plan.

[0016] Furthermore, according to the photosynthesis potential values of each sub-region, estimate the total carbon fixation amount generated by the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the arbor planting carbon fixation plan and the soil and water conservation plan to obtain the total carbon fixation amount of the ecological park, including: calculating the carbon fixation amount corresponding to the herbaceous vegetation planting plan according to the total area of the soil erosion area to obtain the carbon fixation value of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan; calculating the carbon fixation amount of the arbor planting carbon fixation plan according to the arbor planting density value to obtain the carbon fixation value of the arbor planting carbon fixation plan; calculating the carbon fixation amount of the soil and water conservation plan according to the shrub planting distribution data of the soil and water conservation plan to obtain the carbon fixation value of the soil and water conservation plan; adding up the carbon fixation values of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the arbor planting carbon fixation plan and the soil and water conservation plan to obtain the total carbon fixation amount of the ecological park.

[0017] Furthermore, if the total carbon fixation amount of the ecological park is lower than the target threshold, the terrain of the ecological park is transformed to adjust the area ratio of each region, including: calculating the carbon fixation contribution rates of the soil erosion area, the carbon fixation area and the soil and water conservation area according to the carbon fixation values of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the arbor planting carbon fixation plan and the soil and water conservation plan; if the carbon fixation contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is lower than the preset threshold, carry out filling and excavation operations on the soil and water conservation area to transform the soil and water conservation area into a carbon fixation area; if the carbon fixation contribution rate of the soil erosion area is lower than the preset threshold and the carbon fixation contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is higher than the preset threshold, carry out filling and excavation operations on the soil erosion area to transform the soil erosion area into a soil and water conservation area.

[0018] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention discloses a method for constructing an ecological park based on the goal of carbon neutrality. The method obtains the terrain data of the target area, calculates the moisture distribution index and soil stability, and then divides the soil erosion area, carbon fixation area and soil and water conservation area. For different regions, the present invention formulates planting plans for herbaceous vegetation, arbors and shrubs respectively. By calculating the sunshine duration data, the photosynthesis potential value of each region is determined, and the planting density and combination ratio of vegetation are optimized. Finally, the present invention estimates the total carbon fixation amount. If the target threshold is not reached, the terrain is transformed to ensure that the carbon sequestration amount of the entire park meets the construction requirements. This method realizes the coordinated optimization of soil erosion prevention, carbon fixation capacity improvement and soil and water resource protection in the ecological park, and effectively improves the ecological restoration effect and carbon sink potential. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the construction of an ecological park based on carbon neutrality of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] As Figure 1 , a method for constructing an ecological park based on the goal of carbon neutrality in this embodiment may specifically include:

[0023] S101. Obtain the terrain data of the target area, and calculate the moisture distribution index according to the terrain data; the terrain data includes slope parameters and surface morphology parameters, and the soil stability is determined by combining the slope parameters and surface morphology parameters.

[0024] The terrain data of the target area is obtained through a geographic information system, and the terrain data includes slope parameters and surface morphology parameters. Based on the obtained terrain data, the Kriging interpolation algorithm in the ArcGIS tool is used to calculate the moisture distribution index of the target area, and the moisture distribution index is used to describe the water distribution characteristics in the area. According to the slope parameters and surface morphology parameters in the terrain data, the weighted average method is used to calculate the first soil stability factor, and the weight distribution of the first soil stability factor is that the slope parameter accounts for 0.6 and the surface morphology parameter accounts for 0.4. The multiple linear regression method in the Python tool is used to establish a mathematical model between the moisture distribution index and the second soil stability factor, and the second soil stability factor is calculated with the moisture distribution index as the input; the soil stability coefficient is calculated according to the first soil stability factor and the second soil stability factor.

[0025] Specifically, terrain data of the target area is obtained through a geographic information system. The terrain data includes slope parameters and surface morphology parameters. The numerical range of the slope is from 0° to 45°, and the surface morphology parameters include concavity and smoothness. Based on the obtained terrain data, the Kriging interpolation algorithm in the ArcGIS tool is used to calculate the moisture distribution index of the target area. During the interpolation process, a semi-variogram model is adopted with a step size of 10 meters. The moisture distribution index describes the water distribution characteristics in the area in millimeters, including the water content in the surface layer of the soil and the water content in the deep layer of the soil. According to the slope parameters and surface morphology parameters in the terrain data, the weighted average method is used to calculate the first soil stability factor. Since the influence of the slope on soil stability is more significant, the weight of the slope parameter is set to 0.6, and the weight of the surface morphology parameter is set to 0.4. The calculation formula is S1 = 0.6Ks + 0.4Kt, where S1 is the first soil stability factor, Ks represents the slope parameter, and Kt represents the surface morphology parameter. The multiple linear regression method in the Python tool is used to establish a mathematical model between the moisture distribution index and the second soil stability factor. The form of the regression equation is S2 = β0 + β1W1 + β2W2 + ε, where S2 is the second soil stability factor, W1 is the water content in the surface layer of the soil, W2 is the water content in the deep layer of the soil, ε is the random error term, β0 represents the intercept term, and β1, β2 represent the regression coefficients of each independent variable. Using the historical moisture distribution index and the second soil stability factor data in the ArcGIS database, the least squares method is used to determine the regression coefficients of each independent variable; the moisture distribution index is used as the input to calculate the second soil stability factor. According to the influence of the first soil stability factor and the second soil stability factor on soil stability, the soil stability coefficient is calculated. The calculation method is: S = aS1 + bS2, where S is the soil stability coefficient, a is the weight of the first soil stability factor, and b is the weight of the second soil stability factor. Since the water content of the soil will cause a significant decrease in soil stability after exceeding the stability critical value, during the calculation process, it is judged whether the moisture distribution index is higher than the critical value. If the moisture distribution index is higher than the critical value (such as 50 mm), the weight of the second soil stability factor is increased by 15%, and the weight of the first soil stability factor is correspondingly decreased by 15%.

[0026] S102. If the moisture distribution index of the target area is higher than the preset threshold and the soil stability is lower than the critical value, it is determined as a soil erosion area, and this sub-area is determined as a herbaceous vegetation planting area, and a herbaceous vegetation planting plan is determined.

[0027] Obtain the moisture distribution index and soil stability data of the target area. According to the preset threshold and critical value, determine whether the moisture distribution index is higher than the threshold and whether the soil stability is lower than the critical value. If the conditions are met, determine that the area is a soil erosion area. For the soil erosion area, determine its vegetation planting type as a herbaceous vegetation planting area. Extract the slope and surface morphology data of the target area through the geographic information system, obtain the slope value and surface morphology characteristics and construct a training set, with the slope value and surface morphology characteristics as input variables and the degree of soil erosion as the target variable. Input the input variables and target variables into the random forest model, train the model, and obtain the trained random forest model. Through the trained random forest model, calculate the weight values of the influence of each input variable on the degree of soil erosion, and determine the main influencing factors. According to the variable weight values, judge the magnitude of the influence of the slope value and surface morphology characteristics on the soil erosion area. According to the analysis results, determine the herbaceous vegetation planting plan for the soil erosion area.

[0028] Specifically, obtain the moisture distribution index and soil stability data of the target area. According to the preset threshold and critical value, determine whether the moisture distribution index is higher than the threshold (for example, the soil humidity threshold is set to 0.35) and whether the soil stability is lower than the critical value (for example, the soil stability critical value is 0.6). If the conditions are met, determine that the area is a soil erosion area. For the soil erosion area, determine its vegetation planting type as a herbaceous vegetation planting area, such as selecting herbaceous plant varieties suitable for high-humidity and low-stability soils. Extract the slope and surface morphology data of the target area through the geographic information system, for example, the slope data range is from 5° to 25°, and the surface morphology data includes gully density and erosion gully distribution. Use the random forest algorithm to analyze the influence degree of the slope and surface morphology data on the soil erosion area, for example, through training the model, the contribution rate of the slope to soil erosion is obtained as 65%. According to the analysis results, determine the herbaceous vegetation planting plan for the soil erosion area, such as planting herbaceous plants with well-developed roots in areas with a slope greater than 15°, and obtain the herbaceous plant planting.

[0029] S103. Obtain the solar incidence angle data and slope data to calculate the light duration data, and output the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-region according to the light duration data.

[0030] Obtain the solar incidence angle data of the target area and calculate it using the solar position tool in ArcGIS. Obtain the slope data of the target area and extract the terrain information through a geographic information system. Use the solar radiation tool in ArcGIS, input the solar incidence angle data and slope data, and generate the light duration distribution data of the target area. Based on the light duration distribution data, use the reclassification tool in ArcGIS to divide the light duration data into sub-regions within a preset threshold range. For each sub-region, use the zonal statistics tool in ArcGIS to calculate the average light duration of each sub-region. Use the photosynthesis potential calculation equation, input the average light duration of each sub-region, and generate the photosynthesis potential value.

[0031] Specifically, obtain the solar incidence angle data of the target area and calculate it using the solar position tool in ArcGIS. Input the longitude and latitude coordinates of the target area, set the time range as the whole year, calculate the solar altitude angle and azimuth angle for each day, and generate the solar incidence angle data. Obtain the slope data of the target area, extract the terrain information through a geographic information system, use the digital elevation model (DEM) data, and use the slope analysis algorithm to calculate the slope value of each pixel to generate the slope data. Use the solar radiation tool in ArcGIS, input the solar incidence angle data and slope data, and set the solar radiation calculation parameters such as atmospheric transmittance and reflectivity to generate the light duration distribution data of the target area. Based on the light duration distribution data, use the reclassification tool in ArcGIS to divide the light duration data into preset threshold ranges, such as 0 - 4 hours, 4 - 8 hours, 8 - 12 hours, to generate the sub-region division result. For each sub-region, use the zonal statistics tool in ArcGIS to calculate the average light duration of each sub-region to generate the light duration statistics result. Use the photosynthesis potential calculation equation, input the average light duration of each sub-region, set the photosynthesis efficiency coefficient according to the vegetation type, and calculate the photosynthesis potential value.

[0032] S104. Determine the areas with soil stability higher than the preset threshold as carbon fixation areas, identify them as arbor planting areas, select the arbor planting density value according to the photosynthesis potential value, and obtain the arbor planting carbon fixation plan.

[0033] Obtain the arbor planting species data and calculate the photosynthesis efficiency coefficient. According to the average light duration and the photosynthesis efficiency coefficient, calculate the photosynthesis potential value of a single arbor. Obtain the annual carbon fixation target of the carbon fixation area and calculate the daily average carbon fixation amount. Divide the daily average carbon fixation amount by the photosynthesis potential value of a single arbor to calculate the total number of arbors. Obtain the total area of the carbon fixation area, divide it by the total number of arbors, calculate the arbor planting density, and obtain the arbor planting carbon fixation plan.

[0034] Obtain data on the types of arbor plantings, calculate the photosynthesis efficiency coefficient. For example, if pine trees are selected as the planting type, its photosynthesis efficiency coefficient is 0.8, and the average light duration is 9 hours. Calculate the photosynthesis potential value of a single arbor as 108 gC / plant / yr. Obtain the annual carbon fixation target for the carbon fixation area, calculate the daily average carbon sequestration amount. For example, if the annual carbon fixation target is 100 tons, the daily average carbon sequestration amount is 273.97 kgC / day. Divide the daily average carbon sequestration amount by the photosynthesis potential value of a single arbor to calculate the total number of arbors. For example, 273.97 kgC / day ÷ 108 gC / plant / yr = 2537 plants. Obtain the total area of the carbon fixation area, divide it by the total number of arbors to calculate the arbor planting density. For example, if the total area of the carbon fixation area is 5 hectares, the arbor planting density is 507 plants / hectare, and obtain the arbor planting carbon sequestration plan.

[0035] S105. For areas where the soil stability is lower than the preset threshold and the water distribution index is lower than the preset threshold, it is determined as a soil and water conservation area and designated as a shrub planting area. According to the water distribution index, calculate the shrub planting density to obtain the soil and water conservation plan.

[0036] According to the water distribution index, obtain the total area of the soil and water conservation area. Obtain the root coverage area data of a single standard shrub through experimental methods. Obtain the soil and water conservation coefficient of the average standard single shrub under different water distribution indices. Calculate the shrub planting density based on the total area of the soil and water conservation area, the root coverage area, and the soil and water conservation coefficient of the average standard single shrub. Divide the soil and water conservation area into grids, and obtain the water distribution index of each grid. For the water distribution index of each grid, calculate the shrub planting density separately to obtain the soil and water conservation plan.

[0037] Specifically, according to the water distribution index, use Geographic Information System (GIS) to calculate the total area of the soil and water conservation area as 5000 square meters. Obtain the root coverage area data of the shrub through experimental methods. Use a root scanner to measure the root coverage area of a single shrub as 0.5 square meters. Obtain the soil and water conservation coefficient of the average single shrub under different water distribution indices. Through soil and water conservation experiments, the soil and water conservation coefficient of a single shrub when the water distribution index is 0.4 is 0.8. Calculate the shrub planting density as 5000 / (0.5 * 0.8) = 12500 plants / hectare based on the total area of the soil and water conservation area of 5000 square meters, the root coverage area of 0.5 square meters, and the soil and water conservation coefficient of the average single shrub of 0.8. Divide the soil and water conservation area into grids, and use a grid algorithm to divide the area into 100 grids, and obtain the water distribution index of each grid. For the water distribution index of each grid, calculate the shrub planting density separately. For example, when the water distribution index of a certain grid is 0.45, the soil and water conservation coefficient of a single shrub is 0.85, and the planting density is 5000 / (0.5 * 0.85) = 11765 plants / hectare, and obtain the soil and water conservation plan.

[0038] S106. Estimate the total carbon fixation amounts generated by the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the carbon sequestration plan for tree planting, and the soil and water conservation plan according to the photosynthesis potential values of each sub-region, and obtain the total carbon sequestration amount of the ecological park.

[0039] Calculate the carbon fixation amount corresponding to the herbaceous vegetation planting plan based on the total area of the soil erosion area to obtain the carbon sequestration value of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan. The specific calculation method is as follows: , where C_total1 represents the total carbon sequestration amount of the soil erosion area, A_s represents the total area of the soil erosion area, C_unit represents the carbon sequestration amount per unit area, and K_f represents the carbon sequestration coefficient. Calculate the carbon fixation amount of the carbon sequestration plan for tree planting based on the tree planting density value to obtain the carbon sequestration value of the carbon sequestration plan for tree planting. The specific calculation method is as follows: , where C_total represents the total carbon sequestration amount of the carbon sequestration area, A represents the total area of the carbon sequestration area, D represents the tree planting density, and C_t represents the carbon sequestration amount of a single tree. Obtain the root coverage area data of the shrub planting species, and combine the average soil and water conservation coefficient per single plant under different water distribution indicators to calculate the soil and water conservation ability of a single shrub. Obtain the total area of the soil and water conservation area, and use the calculation method of dividing the total area of the soil and water conservation area by the root coverage area and multiplying by the average standard soil and water conservation coefficient per single shrub to obtain the shrub planting density. Divide the soil and water conservation area into grids, and calculate the shrub planting density for each grid according to the water distribution indicator of each grid to obtain the shrub planting distribution data of the soil and water conservation plan. Calculate the carbon fixation amount of the soil and water conservation plan according to the shrub planting distribution data of the soil and water conservation plan to obtain the carbon sequestration value of the soil and water conservation plan. The specific calculation method is as follows: , where C_total represents the total carbon sequestration amount of the soil and water conservation area, A_i represents the area of the i-th grid, D_i represents the shrub planting density in the i-th grid, C_s represents the carbon sequestration amount of a single shrub, and n represents the total number of grids. Add up the carbon sequestration values of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the carbon sequestration plan for tree planting, and the soil and water conservation plan to obtain the total carbon sequestration amount of the ecological park. The specific calculation method is as follows: = .

[0040] Specifically, obtain the photosynthesis potential values of each sub-region in the ecological park to determine the basic data of the carbon sequestration capacity in this region. Assume that the total area of the soil erosion area is 2.5 hectares, the carbon sequestration per unit area of herbaceous vegetation is 6.5 tons / hectare / year, and the carbon sequestration coefficient is 0.7. Then, using the carbon fixation amount calculation formula 1.5×6.5×0.7 = 6.8 tons, the carbon sequestration value of this plan is obtained. Assume that the tree planting density value is 200 trees per hectare, and assume that the annual carbon sequestration of each tree is 0.05 tons. The total area of the tree planting area is 6 hectares. Then, the carbon sequestration value of the tree planting carbon sequestration plan is 200×0.05×6 = 60 tons. Obtain the root coverage area data of the shrub planting species. Assume that the root coverage area of a single shrub is 0.5 square meters. Combining the average standard single-plant soil and water conservation coefficient of 0.6 under different water distribution indicators, the soil and water conservation capacity of a single shrub is calculated to be 0.3 square meters. Assume that the total area of the soil and water conservation area is 4 hectares. Divide the soil and water conservation area into grids. Assume that the area of the first grid is 1.5 hectares and the water distribution indicator is 0.8. The shrub planting density in this grid is 480 plants per hectare, and the annual carbon sequestration of a single shrub in this grid is 0.01 tons. The area of the second grid is 2.5, and the water distribution indicator is 0.6. The shrub planting density in this grid is 350 plants per hectare, and the annual carbon sequestration of a single shrub in this grid is 0.08 tons, forming the shrub planting distribution data of the soil and water conservation plan. According to the shrub planting distribution data of the soil and water conservation plan, calculate the carbon fixation amount of the soil and water conservation plan as 1.5×480×0.01 + 2.5×350×0.008 = 14.2 tons, and obtain the carbon sequestration value of the soil and water conservation plan. Add up the carbon sequestration values of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the tree planting carbon sequestration plan, and the soil and water conservation plan to obtain the total carbon sequestration amount of the ecological park as 6.8 + 60 + 14.2 = 81 tons.

[0041] S107. If the total carbon sequestration amount of the ecological park is lower than the target threshold, then transform the terrain of the ecological park, adjust the area ratio of each region, and ensure that the total carbon fixation amount meets the requirements.

[0042] According to the carbon sequestration values of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the tree planting carbon sequestration plan, and the soil and water conservation plan, calculate the carbon sequestration contribution rates of the soil erosion area, the carbon fixation area, and the soil and water conservation area; the specific calculation method is: 00%, where n is the carbon sequestration contribution rate of each region, C is the carbon sequestration contribution value of each plan, is the total carbon sequestration amount of the ecological park; if the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is lower than the preset threshold, then carry out filling and excavation operations on the soil and water conservation area to transform the soil and water conservation area into a carbon fixation area; if the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil erosion area is lower than the preset threshold and the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is higher than the preset threshold, then carry out filling and excavation operations on the soil erosion area to transform the soil erosion area into a soil and water conservation area.

[0043] Specifically, assuming that the carbon sequestration values of the soil erosion area, carbon fixation area, and soil and water conservation area are 6.8 tons, 60 tons, and 14.2 tons respectively, it can be calculated that the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil erosion area is 8.39%, the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the carbon fixation area is 74.07%, and the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is 17.53%. If the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is lower than the preset threshold of 26%, it indicates that the vegetation growth in the soil and water conservation area is not as expected. Excavation operations are carried out on the soil and water conservation area to transform it into a carbon fixation area, and the regional type data is updated. For example, the area of the soil and water conservation area is reduced by 10%, and the area of the carbon fixation area is increased by 10% accordingly. If the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil erosion area is lower than the preset threshold of 12% and the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is higher than the preset threshold of 26%, it indicates that the vegetation growth in the soil erosion area is not as expected, while the vegetation growth in the soil and water conservation area is good. Then, excavation operations are carried out on the soil erosion area to transform it into a soil and water conservation area, and the regional type data is updated. For example, the area of the soil erosion area is reduced by 5%, and the area of the soil and water conservation area is increased by 5% accordingly to increase the carbon sequestration amount of the entire ecological park.

[0044] The above-disclosed are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. Of course, the scope of the rights of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiments, and the equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope covered by the invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an ecological park based on the goal of carbon neutrality, characterized in that: include: Acquire terrain data of the target area, and calculate the moisture distribution index according to the terrain data; the terrain data includes slope parameters and surface morphology parameters, and soil stability is determined by combining the slope parameters and the surface morphology parameters; If the water distribution index of the target area is higher than the preset threshold and the soil stability is lower than the critical value, it is determined to be a soil erosion area, the sub-area is determined to be a herbaceous vegetation planting area, and the herbaceous vegetation planting plan is determined; Obtain the solar incidence angle data and slope data to calculate the light duration data, and output the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-area based on the light duration data; The area where the soil stability is higher than the preset threshold is determined as a carbon fixation area and determined as an arbor planting area. The arbor planting density value is selected according to the photosynthesis potential value to obtain the arbor planting carbon fixation plan; For areas where soil stability is lower than a preset threshold and water distribution index is lower than a preset threshold, it is determined as a soil and water conservation area and a shrub planting area. According to the water distribution index, the shrub planting density is calculated to obtain a soil and water conservation plan; According to the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-region, the total carbon fixation produced by the herbaceous vegetation planting scheme, the tree planting carbon fixation scheme and the soil and water conservation scheme was estimated to obtain the total carbon fixation of the ecological park; If the total carbon fixation is lower than the target threshold, the topography of the eco-park will be transformed and the area ratio of each zone will be adjusted.

2. The method for constructing an ecological park according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining terrain data of the target area and calculating the moisture distribution index according to the terrain data, wherein the terrain data includes slope parameters and surface morphology parameters, and determining soil stability by combining the slope parameters and the surface morphology parameters, includes: Obtaining terrain data of the target area through a geographic information system, the terrain data including slope parameters and surface morphology parameters; Based on the terrain data, the Kriging interpolation algorithm is used to calculate the moisture distribution index of the target area; The first soil stability factor was calculated using the weighted average method based on the slope parameters and the surface morphology parameters; the second soil stability factor was calculated using the multivariate linear regression model based on the water distribution index; A soil stability coefficient is calculated based on the first soil stability factor and the second soil stability factor.

3. The method for constructing an ecological park according to claim 2, characterized in that: If the water distribution index of the target area is higher than the preset threshold and the soil stability is lower than the critical value, it is determined to be a soil erosion area, the sub-area is determined to be a herbaceous vegetation planting area, and the herbaceous vegetation planting plan is determined, including: Extract the slope and surface morphology data of the target area through geographic information system; The random forest algorithm was used to analyze the influence of slope and surface morphology data on soil erosion areas; Determine the herbaceous vegetation planting plan based on the analysis results.

4. The method for constructing an ecological park according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar incident angle data and the slope data are obtained to calculate the illumination duration data, and the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-area is output according to the illumination duration data, including: Use the solar radiation tool to input the solar incidence angle data and slope data to generate the sunlight duration distribution data of the target area; Based on the illumination duration distribution data, dividing the illumination duration distribution data into sub-areas within a preset threshold range; For each sub-area, calculate the average light duration; The photosynthesis potential calculation equation was used to input the average light duration to generate the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-area.

5. The method for constructing an ecological park according to claim 4, characterized in that: The area where the soil stability is higher than the preset threshold is determined as a carbon fixation area, determined as an arbor planting area, and the arbor planting density value is selected according to the photosynthesis potential value to obtain an arbor planting carbon fixation plan, including: The photosynthesis efficiency coefficient was obtained according to the tree species planted, and the photosynthesis potential value of a single tree was calculated; Calculate the average daily carbon fixation in the carbon fixation zone based on the annual carbon fixation target of the carbon fixation zone; The total number of trees was calculated by dividing the daily average carbon fixation by the photosynthesis potential of a single tree. The total area of ​​the carbon fixation zone was obtained and divided by the total number of trees to calculate the tree planting density.

6. The method for constructing an ecological park according to claim 2, characterized in that: The area where the soil stability is lower than the preset threshold and the water distribution index is lower than the preset threshold is determined as a soil and water conservation area, determined as a shrub planting area, and the shrub planting density is calculated according to the water distribution index to obtain a soil and water conservation plan, including: Based on the water distribution index, the total area of ​​soil and water conservation areas is obtained; The root coverage area data of a single standard shrub is obtained through experimental methods; Obtain the average standard single shrub soil and water conservation coefficient under different water distribution indicators; The shrub planting density is calculated based on the total area of ​​the soil and water conservation zone, the root coverage area and the soil and water conservation coefficient of the average standard single shrub; Divide the soil and water conservation area into grids and obtain the water distribution index of each grid; According to the water distribution index of each grid, the shrub planting density is calculated respectively to obtain the soil and water conservation plan.

7. The method for constructing an ecological park according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the photosynthesis potential value of each sub-region, the total carbon fixation produced by the herbaceous vegetation planting scheme, the tree planting carbon fixation scheme and the soil and water conservation scheme is estimated to obtain the total carbon fixation of the ecological park, including: According to the total area of ​​soil erosion area, the carbon fixation amount corresponding to the herbaceous vegetation planting scheme is calculated to obtain the carbon fixation value of the herbaceous vegetation planting scheme; According to the tree planting density value, the carbon fixation amount of the tree planting carbon fixation scheme is calculated to obtain the carbon fixation value of the tree planting carbon fixation scheme; According to the shrub planting distribution data of the soil and water conservation plan, the carbon fixation amount of the soil and water conservation plan is calculated to obtain the carbon fixation value of the soil and water conservation plan; The carbon sequestration values ​​of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the tree planting carbon sequestration plan and the soil and water conservation plan are added up to obtain the total carbon sequestration amount of the ecological park.

8. The method for constructing an ecological park according to claim 7, characterized in that: If the total carbon sequestration of the eco-park is lower than the target threshold, the topography of the eco-park will be transformed and the area ratio of each area will be adjusted, including: According to the carbon sequestration values ​​of the herbaceous vegetation planting plan, the tree planting carbon sequestration plan and the soil and water conservation plan, the carbon sequestration contribution rates of the soil erosion area, the carbon fixation area and the soil and water conservation area were calculated; If the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is lower than the preset threshold, the soil and water conservation area will be filled and excavated to transform the soil and water conservation area into a carbon sequestration area; If the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil erosion area is lower than the preset threshold, and the carbon sequestration contribution rate of the soil and water conservation area is higher than the preset threshold, the soil erosion area will be filled and excavated to transform the soil erosion area into a soil and water conservation area.

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