Explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution, which comprises a shell structure and a battery cell, the shell structure comprises three layers of shells and a combined protection seat structure, and the battery cell is assembled in the protection seat structure; the three-layer shell comprises an open outer shell, a closed middle shell and a semi-closed inner shell; the battery pack also comprises a buffer structure which is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell and is used for supporting and protecting the inner shell; the heat conduction structure is installed on the middle shell in an embedded mode and used for guiding out heat of the inner shell, heat dissipation holes corresponding to the heat conduction structure are formed in the inner shell, a telescopic blocking cover is arranged on the heat conduction structure, and the heat dissipation holes can be sealed when the blocking cover stretches out; and the shielding gas generation structure generates gas through chemical reaction to provide gas pressure. And the durability and the safety of the marine battery pack are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of batteries, and specifically to an explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution. Background Art

[0002] The ship power supply and distribution system is a core component of ship operation, and its stability and safety are directly related to the navigation safety of the ship. At present, lithium-ion battery packs are widely used as energy storage devices in ship power supply and distribution systems to cope with situations that require emergency power supply. Lithium-ion batteries have advantages such as high energy density and long cycle life. However, heat is generated during the charging and discharging process. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, it may cause the battery temperature to rise, which may further lead to thermal runaway or even explosion.

[0003] Since ships are in harsh environments such as humidity, salt spray, and vibration for a long time, electrical equipment needs to have high explosion-proof, waterproof, and corrosion-resistant properties. Therefore, existing explosion-proof battery packs mostly enhance their waterproof and explosion-proof performance through multiple sealing structures. However, an efficient heat dissipation system usually requires an open or semi-open structure to promote heat exchange, which may weaken the sealing performance of the battery pack and increase the risk of erosion of the battery by external environments such as moisture and salt spray. And in the long-term vibration environment of the ship, the structure of the battery pack is very likely to become loose or damaged, causing water to enter the battery internally and posing a safety hazard to the battery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the durability and safety of marine battery packs, and to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution, including a housing structure and battery cells. The housing structure includes three layers of housings and a combined protective seat structure, and the battery cells are assembled in the protective seat structure; the three layers of housings include an open outer housing, a closed middle housing, and a semi-closed inner housing; the battery pack further includes: A buffer structure, which is arranged between the outer housing and the inner housing and is used for the support and protection of the inner housing; A heat conduction structure, which is inlaid and installed on the middle housing and is used to export the heat of the inner housing. Heat dissipation holes corresponding to the heat conduction structure are provided on the inner housing, and a telescopic cover is provided on the heat conduction structure. When the cover extends out, it can close the heat dissipation holes; A protective gas generation structure, which generates gas through a chemical reaction to provide air pressure; A compression structure, which is driven by air pressure and can perform the closed combination of the protective seat structure; The floating plate is arranged in the middle housing. When water enters the middle housing, the floating plate rises, and when the floating plate rises, it can make the baffle cover extend and cause the protective gas generation structure to react.

[0006] Preferably, the protective gas generation structure includes a reaction box, and a partition plate connected to the floating plate is arranged in the middle of the reaction box; The internal space of the reaction box is divided into a liquid cavity and a solid cavity by the partition plate. The liquid cavity and the solid cavity are respectively filled with liquid-solid reactants that can react with each other to generate gas, and the partition plate can be opened when it moves upward.

[0007] Preferably, the protective seat structure is composed of split seats arranged in sequence. The battery cells are installed in the split seats, and separation springs are fixedly connected between adjacent split seats; The split seats are slidably installed in the inner housing, and when the split seats are compressed together, they can form a complete and closed protective seat structure.

[0008] Preferably, the compression structure includes a rotating rod installed in the inner housing, and a gear is fixedly installed on the rotating rod. A lead screw pair is arranged on the rotating rod, and a pressing plate is connected to the lead screw pair. The pressing plate is arranged on both sides of the protective seat structure and can compress and combine the protective seat structure.

[0009] Preferably, the compression structure further includes an air pipe penetrating through the inner housing, and the air pipe is connected to the protective gas generation structure. A movable rod is installed in the air pipe, and a blocking piston is arranged at one end of the movable rod located in the air pipe. The other end of the movable rod is connected to a rack, and the rack meshes with the gear.

[0010] Preferably, the outer housing is provided with heat dissipation grooves and a power connection structure, and the middle housing is suspended and installed in the outer housing through support columns. A heat dissipation gap is arranged between the outer housing and the middle housing.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer structure includes a strengthening frame fixedly connected between the middle housing and the outer housing, and elastic pieces are arranged in the strengthening frame.

[0012] Preferably, the heat conduction structure includes a heat conduction cylinder corresponding to the heat dissipation holes, and the heat conduction cylinder is inlaid and installed on the middle housing, and fins are arranged on the heat conduction cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the heat conduction cylinder is provided with a telescopic end head with an elastic member, and a baffle cover is fixedly installed on the telescopic end head. A bracket is arranged between the middle housing and the inner housing, and the baffle cover is fixedly installed on the bracket.

[0014] Preferably, a conical seat is arranged in the middle of the bracket, a top rod is fixedly installed on the floating plate, and the top rod is located below the conical seat and can push the conical seat.

[0015] Preferably, a protective cover is arranged on the top of the outer housing, a sealing cover is arranged on the top of the middle housing, and a packaging cover is arranged on the inner housing.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the three-layer structure of the outer shell, the middle shell, and the inner shell, the present invention achieves hierarchical protection. The outer shell resists impact, the middle shell is sealed and waterproof, and the inner shell automatically closes to protect the battery cell, significantly improving the environmental adaptability and service life of the battery pack. The heat dissipation gap and the reinforcing frame not only ensure the buffering performance between the outer shell and the middle shell but also improve the mechanical strength of the overall structure, effectively coping with the vibration and impact of the ship.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts a split seat and a separation spring. Under normal circumstances, the split seat spreads out to optimize heat dissipation, and when water enters, it closes tightly to form a complete closed structure, combining heat dissipation efficiency and waterproof performance. Moreover, through the compression structure of the protection seat, the automatic compression and closing of the split seat can be realized, further enhancing the waterproof performance.

[0018] 3. Through the setting of the floating plate, when water enters the middle shell, the floating plate rises to push the ejector rod, driving the baffle to automatically close the heat dissipation holes, preventing moisture from seeping into the inner shell, and enabling the protection gas generation structure to be automatically triggered when water enters, generating a large amount of carbon dioxide, increasing the air pressure inside the inner shell, and forming an air pressure barrier to further prevent moisture from entering.

[0019] 4. Through the combination of heat dissipation holes, heat conduction cylinders, and fins, the present invention optimizes the heat conduction path from the inner shell to the outer shell, improving the heat dissipation efficiency. When the split seat is in a spread state, there is sufficient space between the battery cells, and combined with the air-cooling structure, uniform heat dissipation is achieved, avoiding local overheating. Under normal circumstances, the heat dissipation holes and the heat conduction cylinders remain unobstructed to ensure continuous heat dissipation; when water enters, the baffle automatically closes the heat dissipation holes, switching to the closed protection mode, taking into account both heat dissipation and waterproof requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the middle shell structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the middle shell and the inner shell structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the battery cell structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is an assembled schematic diagram of the heat conduction cylinder and the baffle structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the structure of a single heat conduction cylinder and a retaining cover according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the bracket and retaining cover structure according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 Installation schematic diagram of the battery cell structure according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of a combined protection seat according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the compression structure of the protection seat according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 Internal schematic diagram of the reaction box and the air pipe structure according to the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Outer shell; 2. Middle shell; 3. Inner shell; 4. Split seat; 5. Battery cell; 6. Protection cover; 7. Sealing cover; 8. Encapsulation cover; 9. Reinforcing frame; 10. Spring piece; 11. Heat dissipation hole; 12. Heat conduction cylinder; 13. Finned tube; 14. Telescopic end; 15. Retaining cover; 16. Bracket; 17. Tapered seat; 18. Floating plate; 19. Thrust rod; 20. Separation spring; 21. Reaction box; 22. Partition plate; 23. Hanging ring; 24. Liquid cavity; 25. Solid cavity; 26. Air pipe; 27. Movable rod; 28. Blocking piston; 29. Rack; 30. Rotating rod; 31. Gear; 32. Lead screw pair; 33. Pressing plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] Next, in combination with the drawings and the detailed implementation manners, the present invention will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, any combination of the following-described embodiments or technical features can form a new embodiment. It should be known that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1 to 12 , the present invention provides a technical solution: an explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution. The battery pack is provided with three layers of shells and a combined protection seat structure, which can play a role in protecting and loading the battery cell 5 structure in the battery pack and ensure that the heat therein can be dissipated smoothly.

[0035] As Figures 1 - 5As shown in the figure, the three-layer housing includes an outer housing 1, a middle housing 2, and an inner housing 3. Among them, the outer housing 1 is provided with heat dissipation grooves and a power connection structure, mainly playing a role in anti-collision protection. The middle housing 2 is a closed structure, and the middle housing 2 is suspended in the outer housing 1 through support columns. There is a heat dissipation gap between the outer housing 1 and the middle housing 2. The middle housing 2 plays the outermost sealing role to prevent water vapor from entering. A reinforcing frame 9 is fixedly connected between the middle housing 2 and the outer housing 1. A shrapnel 10 is arranged in the reinforcing frame 9, which can play a role in strengthening and buffering between the outer housing 1 and the middle housing 2, preventing the impact on the outer housing 1 from affecting the internal structure. The outer housing 1 is usually made of plastic material, and an air-cooling structure can be arranged in it. The middle housing 2 is made of a metal material with strong thermal conductivity for heat conduction and is more difficult to break. The inner housing 3 is installed inside the middle housing 2. The inner housing 3 adopts a semi-closed structure and will be automatically closed after water enters the middle housing 2 to protect the battery cell 5 inside.

[0036] As Figure 9 , Figure 10 shown in the figure, the battery cell 5 is further installed in the inner housing 3 through a protective seat structure. The protective seat structure is composed of a plurality of split seats 4 arranged in a row. Each split seat 4 is provided with a battery cell 5 connected to each other. The split seats 4 on both sides are open on one side, while the split seats 4 in the middle are open on both sides. A separation spring 20 is fixedly connected between adjacent split seats 4. Under normal circumstances, the split seats 4 are spread apart by the elastic force of the separation spring 20 to ensure there is enough space for heat dissipation. When there is a risk of water ingress, when all the split seats 4 are closely close together, a complete closed protective seat structure can be formed to protect the battery cell 5 inside.

[0037] As Figures 1 - 4 shown in the figure, a protective cover 6 is provided on the top of the outer housing 1 of the present invention for protective closure, a sealing cover 7 is provided on the top of the middle housing 2 for sealing the internal structure, and a packaging cover 8 is provided on the inner housing 3 for packaging, playing a protective role layer by layer.

[0038] As Figures 5 - 9As shown in the figure, a plurality of heat dissipation holes 11 are arranged on the inner housing 3 for heat dissipation. A heat conduction cylinder 12 is correspondingly installed at a position on the middle housing 2 opposite to the heat dissipation holes 11. The heat conduction cylinder 12 is embedded in the middle housing 2 without affecting the closed state of the middle housing 2. The heat conduction cylinder 12 is provided with fins 13. The heat coming out of the heat dissipation holes 11 can be absorbed and conducted through the heat conduction cylinder 12 and finally dissipated from the outer housing 1. The heat conduction cylinder 12 is provided with a telescopic end 14 with an elastic member, and a retaining cover 15 is fixedly installed on the telescopic end 14. Under normal circumstances, the retaining cover 15 is separated from the heat dissipation holes 11 without affecting the heat dissipation of the heat dissipation holes 11. After water enters the middle housing 2, the telescopic end 14 can extend the retaining cover 15 to cover the heat dissipation holes 11, so that the inner housing 3 forms a closed structure to protect the safety of the internal battery cell 5.

[0039] The retaining cover 15 is made of high-temperature resistant fluororubber into a conical plug structure, and its maximum diameter is 1-2 mm larger than the diameter of the heat dissipation holes 11. A silicone rubber sealing ring with a semicircular cross-section is provided on the inner side of the retaining cover 15. When the retaining cover 15 is pushed to cover the heat dissipation holes 11, double seals can be formed under the action of air pressure to ensure complete waterproofing.

[0040] As Figure 8 shown in the figure, a bracket 16 is arranged between the middle housing 2 and the inner housing 3. The retaining cover 15 on this side is fixedly installed on the bracket 16. Therefore, the position relationship between the retaining cover 15 and the heat dissipation holes 11 is controlled by the movement of the bracket 16. A conical seat 17 is arranged in the middle of the bracket 16. At the same time, a floating plate 18 is installed between the middle housing 2 and the inner housing 3 in a limited lifting manner. Flow guide grooves are provided on the inner walls of the middle housing 2 and the sealing cover 7. When the middle housing 2 is damaged and water enters it, the water can be concentrated at the bottom. The buoyancy generated by the water can cause the floating plate 18 to rise. A top rod 19 is fixedly installed on the floating plate 18. The top rod 19 is located below the conical seat 17. When the floating plate 18 rises, the top rod 19 can laterally push the conical seat 17, thereby driving the bracket 16 to move towards the inner housing 3 to cover the retaining cover 15 on the heat dissipation holes 11, automatically closing the heat dissipation holes 11 to prevent water from flowing into the inner housing 3.

[0041] As Figure 11 、 Figure 12As shown, further, a protective gas generating structure is also installed between the middle shell 2 and the inner shell 3. This structure includes a reaction box 21. A partition plate 22 is arranged in the middle of the reaction box 21. The partition plate 22 is connected to the floating plate 18 through a hanging ring 23. The internal space of the reaction box 21 is divided into a liquid chamber 24 and a solid chamber 25 by the partition plate 22. Liquid-solid reactants that can react with each other to generate a large amount of safety gas are respectively installed in the liquid chamber 24 and the solid chamber 25. Under normal circumstances, the reactants are separated by the partition plate 22. When the floating plate 18 rises due to the buoyancy force, the partition plate 22 can be made to open a channel, enabling the liquid reactant to contact the solid reactant and quickly generate safety gas. Usually, the liquid reactant can be hydrochloric acid or acetic acid, while the solid reactant can be calcium carbonate or sodium carbonate, rapidly generating a large amount of carbon dioxide.

[0042] The partition plate 22 is a porous plate structure, closing all holes in the initial position and exposing a plurality of through holes evenly distributed after moving upward; the solid reactant in the solid chamber 25 is made into porous particles with a diameter of 5 mm and a bulk density of 0.8 - 1.0 g / cm³, which can ensure a more uniform liquid-solid reaction and quickly generate gas.

[0043] When the reaction generates gas, the water entering the middle shell 2 will cover the reaction box 21, and the heat generated by the exothermic reaction of the liquid reactant and the solid reactant can be absorbed by the water, otherwise it will have an adverse impact on the battery performance.

[0044] As Figure 12 shown, an air pipe 26 is fixedly installed on the inner shell 3. The air pipe 26 is communicated with the reaction box 21. And an activity rod 27 is installed in the air pipe 26. A blocking piston 28 is arranged at one end of the activity rod 27 located in the air pipe 26 to play a sealing role through the blocking piston 28. The other end of the activity rod 27 is connected to a rack 29. When gas enters the air pipe 26, the generated air pressure can make the activity rod 27 move until it disengages from the air pipe 26. During this process, the activity rod 27 drives the rack 29 to move linearly. Subsequently, gas continuously enters the inner shell 3, increasing the air pressure in the inner shell 3. In the case where the heat dissipation holes 11 are closed, the high air pressure can prevent moisture from seeping into the inner shell 3 and improve its waterproof and sealing performance.

[0045] As Figure 12As shown, a protection seat compression structure is provided in the inner housing 3. The protection seat compression structure includes a rotating rod 30 installed in the inner housing 3. A gear 31 is fixedly installed on the rotating rod 30, and the gear 31 meshes with a rack 29. At the same time, a lead screw pair 32 is provided on the rotating rod 30, and a pressing plate 33 is connected to the lead screw pair 32. The pressing plate 33 is arranged on both sides of the protection seat structure. When the rack 29 is driven to move by the movable rod 27, the rotating rod 30 can be driven to rotate through the gear 31, and then the pressing plate 33 is driven. All the split seats 4 are compressed from both sides by the pressing plate 33 to form a complete protection seat structure, so that the moisture entering the inner housing 3 will not affect the safety of the battery cell 5 and ensure the safety of the power system.

[0046] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution, comprising a shell structure and a battery cell, characterized in that: The shell structure includes a three-layer shell and a combined protection seat structure, and the battery cell is assembled in the protection seat structure; the three-layer shell includes an open outer shell, a closed middle shell and a semi-closed inner shell; The battery pack further comprises: A buffer structure, which is arranged between the outer shell and the inner shell and is used to support and protect the inner shell; A heat-conducting structure, which is embedded in the middle shell and used to extract the heat from the inner shell. The inner shell is provided with heat dissipation holes corresponding to the heat-conducting structure, and a telescopic cover is provided on the heat-conducting structure. When the cover is extended, the heat dissipation holes can be closed; A protective gas generating structure, wherein the protective gas generating structure generates gas through chemical reaction to provide gas pressure; A compression structure, the compression structure is driven by air pressure and can perform a closed combination of the protection seat structure; The floating plate is arranged in the middle shell. When water enters the middle shell, the floating plate rises. When the floating plate rises, the baffle cover can be extended and the protective gas can produce a structural reaction.

2. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The protective gas generating structure comprises a reaction box, and a partition plate connected to the floating plate is arranged in the middle of the reaction box; The internal space of the reaction box is divided into a liquid chamber and a solid chamber by a partition plate. The liquid chamber and the solid chamber are respectively filled with liquid and solid reactants that can react with each other and generate gas, and the partition plate can be opened by moving up.

3. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection seat structure is composed of split seats arranged in an array, the battery cells are installed in the split seats, and separation springs are fixedly connected between adjacent split seats; The split seat is slidably mounted in the inner shell, and when the split seat is compressed together, a completely closed protection seat structure can be formed.

4. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression structure includes a rotating rod installed in the inner shell, and a gear is fixedly installed on the rotating rod. A screw pair is arranged on the rotating rod, and a pressure plate is connected to the screw pair. The pressure plates are arranged on both sides of the protection seat structure, and the protection seat structure can be compressed and assembled.

5. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The compression structure also includes an air pipe that passes through the inner shell and is connected to the protective gas generating structure. A movable rod is installed in the air pipe, and a blocking piston is provided at one end of the movable rod located in the air pipe. The other end of the movable rod is connected to a rack, and the rack is meshed with the gear.

6. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell is provided with a heat dissipation slot and an electrical connection structure, and the middle shell is suspended and installed in the outer shell through a support column, and a heat dissipation gap is provided between the outer shell and the middle shell.

7. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer structure comprises a reinforcement frame fixedly connected between the middle shell and the outer shell, and a spring sheet is arranged in the reinforcement frame.

8. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting structure comprises a heat-conducting tube arranged corresponding to the heat-dissipating holes, and the heat-conducting tube is embedded and installed on the middle shell body, and fins are arranged on the heat-conducting tube.

9. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat-conducting cylinder is provided with a telescopic end with an elastic member, and a blocking cover is fixedly installed on the telescopic end. A bracket is provided between the middle shell and the inner shell, and the blocking cover is fixedly installed on the bracket.

10. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 9, characterized in that: A cone seat is arranged in the middle of the bracket, a push rod is fixedly mounted on the floating plate, and the push rod is located below the cone seat and can push the cone seat.

11. The explosion-proof battery pack for ship power supply and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective cover is arranged on the top of the outer shell, a sealing cover is arranged on the top of the middle shell, and a packaging cover is arranged on the inner shell.

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