High-voltage distribution box and automobile

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-voltage distribution box and an automobile, the high-voltage distribution box comprises a quick-plug connector and a cable connector, the quick-plug connector is used for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box with the positive and negative electrodes of a battery system comprising a plurality of battery boxes; the cable gland connector is used for connecting the positive and negative electrodes of the output side of the high-voltage distribution box with the positive and negative electrodes of electric equipment; the anode and cathode of the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box are respectively connected with the anode and cathode of the output side in the high-voltage distribution box. The interface for connecting the high-voltage distribution box and the battery system is set as the quick-plug connector, so that the high-voltage distribution box can be quickly plugged and unplugged during power failure, and the use is safer; the interface for connecting the high-voltage distribution box with the charging interface and the motor controller interface is set as the cable gland connector, so that the connection is firmer and more reliable, and the high-voltage distribution box can adapt to complex and changeable working conditions. The two connectors are used in a mixed mode, free combination in the space can be achieved, and the limitation of independent use of a quick-plug connector or a cable connector in the space is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a high-voltage distribution box and an automobile, belonging to the technical field of electric vehicle power distribution. Background Art

[0002] With the booming development of the new energy market, the high-voltage distribution box plays an important role as a bridge for vehicle electrical equipment. The high-voltage distribution box PDU (Power Distribution Unit) in an electric vehicle is a high-voltage power distribution unit in the high-voltage system solution of new energy vehicles, which plays a crucial role in electric vehicles. Its main functions are as follows: 1) Power distribution: Distribute the high-voltage electrical energy of the power battery to high-voltage electrical equipment such as the motor controller, drive motor, electric air-conditioning compressor, PTC heater, DC / DC, etc., just like a dispatcher, precisely coordinating the work of various "departments" such as the power battery, motor controller, electric air-conditioning, and electric steering.

[0003] 2) Charge and discharge control: Realize supplying the high-voltage direct current of the high-voltage battery to the vehicle high-voltage electrical appliances by controlling the contactor, and receiving the direct current from the on-vehicle charger or off-vehicle charger to charge the high-voltage battery.

[0004] 3) Circuit protection: Usually equipped with multiple safety protection devices such as overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, and short-circuit protection inside. Once an abnormal situation occurs, it can quickly cut off the circuit to ensure the safe operation of the electric vehicle system. Each control module is equipped with an overload short-circuit protection function. Once an abnormality occurs in the circuit, it can quickly cut off the power supply to avoid potential safety hazards.

[0005] 4) Status monitoring: Can monitor the operating status of the high-voltage system in real time, such as current detection, leakage detection, etc. Once an abnormal situation is found, an alarm will be issued immediately to ensure the safety of the driver.

[0006] 5) High-voltage sampling and low-voltage control: Execute key functions such as high-voltage sampling and low-voltage control, providing a solid guarantee for the stable operation of electric vehicles.

[0007] Currently, there are mainly two forms of high-voltage distribution boxes in the market. One is that all power interfaces are quick-connect connectors, which can be plugged and unplugged without tools. The other is that all power interfaces are gland connectors, which require tools to be plugged and unplugged, and there are certain safety hazards during the operation process.

[0008] For a high-voltage distribution box equipped with quick-connect connectors, although the operation is convenient, the vehicle faces challenges brought by mechanical vibration during operation. Especially in harsh working conditions, it poses a great threat to the reliability of the quick-connect connectors, and at the same time, the cost is relatively high. For a high-voltage distribution box equipped with gland connectors, although the cost is low and the reliability is good, due to the large workload and potential safety hazards faced by the vehicle during production, repair, and maintenance, especially in the case of vehicle insulation failure, arc injury incidents are extremely likely to occur during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage distribution box and an automobile to solve the problems of loose connection when using only quick-connect connectors, insecurity when using only gland connectors, and spatial limitations when using only quick-connect connectors or gland connectors.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention includes: A high-voltage distribution box includes a quick-connect connector and a gland connector. The quick-connect connector is used to connect the positive and negative poles on the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box to the positive and negative poles of the battery system. The gland connector is used to connect the positive and negative poles on the output side of the high-voltage distribution box to the positive and negative poles of the electrical equipment. The positive and negative poles on the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box and the positive and negative poles on the output side are respectively connected inside the high-voltage distribution box.

[0011] Further, the quick-connect connector is a lock-bolt type quick-connect connector.

[0012] Further, the lock-bolt type quick-connect connector is also integrated with a fuse.

[0013] Further, the gland connector is also used to connect the positive and negative poles on the charging side of the high-voltage distribution box to the positive and negative poles of the DC charging interface. The positive and negative poles on the charging side of the high-voltage distribution box and the positive and negative poles on the battery side are respectively connected inside the high-voltage distribution box.

[0014] An automobile includes a high-voltage distribution box. The high-voltage distribution box includes a quick-connect connector and a gland connector. The quick-connect connector is used to connect the positive and negative poles on the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box to the positive and negative poles of the battery system. The gland connector is used to connect the positive and negative poles on the output side of the high-voltage distribution box to the positive and negative poles of the electrical equipment. The positive and negative poles on the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box and the positive and negative poles on the output side are respectively connected inside the high-voltage distribution box.

[0015] Further, the quick-connect connector is a lock-bolt type quick-connect connector.

[0016] Further, the lock-bolt type quick-connect connector is also integrated with a fuse.

[0017] Further, the cable gland connector is also used to connect the positive and negative poles of the charging side of the high-voltage distribution box to the positive and negative poles of the DC charging interface, and the positive and negative poles of the charging side of the high-voltage distribution box are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery side inside the high-voltage distribution box.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The interface connecting the high-voltage distribution box and the battery system is set as a quick-connect connector, enabling the high-voltage distribution box to be quickly plugged and unplugged when powered off, making it safer to use; the interfaces connecting the high-voltage distribution box to the charging interface and the motor controller interface are set as cable gland connectors, making the connection more firm and reliable and capable of adapting to complex and changeable working conditions. The mixed use of the two types of connectors can achieve free combination in space, avoiding the spatial limitations of using only quick-connect connectors or cable gland connectors alone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a wiring diagram of a high-voltage distribution box provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is a wiring diagram of the high-voltage distribution box under another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a high-voltage distribution box provided by the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the high-voltage distribution box from another angle provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] The concept of the present invention lies in: setting the interface connecting the high-voltage distribution box and the battery system as a quick-connect connector, setting the interfaces connecting the high-voltage distribution box to the charging interface and the motor controller interface as cable gland connectors, and the mixed use of the two types of connectors can achieve free combination in space.

[0022] Embodiment 1 of the high-voltage distribution box: As Figure 1 shown in a wiring diagram of a high-voltage distribution box. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a high-voltage distribution box provided by the present invention, where serial number 1 represents the high-voltage distribution box, serial number 2 represents the quick-connect connector, and serial number 3 represents the cable gland connector. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the high-voltage distribution box from another angle provided by the present invention, where serial number 1 represents the high-voltage distribution box, serial number 2 represents the quick-connect connector, and due to the angle Figure 4 the cable gland connector cannot be seen.

[0023] Power battery interface: This is the key interface for connecting the high-voltage distribution box to the power battery system, used to transmit the high-voltage electrical energy output by the power battery to the high-voltage distribution box, and then distribute it to the high-voltage electrical equipment of the whole vehicle. Since the power battery system contains several electrical boxes, fuses only need to be set on the first electrical box among the serially connected electrical boxes. At the same time, during charging, the electrical energy of the external charging device is also transmitted through this interface to the power battery for charging.

[0024] Motor controller interface: Transmits high-voltage electrical energy to the motor controller to provide power for the drive motor, enabling the vehicle to drive normally. During vehicle braking energy recovery, the recovered electrical energy will also return to the high-voltage distribution box through this interface and then be stored in the power battery.

[0025] Fast charging / slow charging interface: The fast charging interface can receive the electrical energy from the DC charging pile and transmit the electrical energy to the power battery assembly through the high-voltage wire harness for fast charging; the slow charging interface receives the electrical energy from the AC charging pile, converts the alternating current into direct current through the on-board charger, and then transmits it to the high-voltage distribution box, and then charges the power battery.

[0026] The battery input interface of the new high-voltage distribution box is designed as a quick-connect connector, which enables the battery system to be conveniently plugged into the battery input port through the quick-connect high-voltage wire harness; the discharge interface uses a gland connector, which can be crimped to the motor controller through the OT terminal of the high-voltage wire harness; the charging interface uses a gland connector, which can be crimped to the charging socket end through the OT terminal of the high-voltage wire harness.

[0027] For the power battery input interface, since the voltage output by the battery system is very high, it is very easy to generate an electric arc during plugging and unplugging. This requires that the battery and the high-voltage distribution box can be completed in a short time during plugging and unplugging. Therefore, the interface between the new distribution box and the battery is designed as a quick-connect connector, which can quickly separate the battery system from the high-voltage distribution box during plugging and unplugging, reducing the probability of generating an electric arc.

[0028] Designing the battery input interface of the high-voltage distribution box as a quick-connect connector can also play the role of a manual service disconnect (MSD). It can cancel the MSD configured for the positive and negative poles of the high-voltage distribution box, achieving cost and space savings. Since the box body reduces the installation holes for the MSD, the failure probability of the box body is greatly reduced, and the vehicle maintenance efficiency is improved. At the same time, the quick-connect connector has the ability to waterproof the base, which can improve the IP protection level of the high-voltage distribution box and enhance the wading ability of the whole vehicle.

[0029] For the discharge interface and charging interface of the high-voltage distribution box, after the battery system is disconnected from the high-voltage distribution box, the load ends of the high-voltage distribution box are in a de-energized state and no electric arc will be generated. However, when the vehicle is driving on complex road conditions, the charging interface and discharge interface of the high-voltage distribution box are prone to loosening problems under vibration and impact. Therefore, gland connectors are used for the charging interface and discharge interface of the high-voltage distribution box. Using gland connectors for the charging interface and discharge interface of the high-voltage distribution box can ensure high reliability of the load end and the charging side, and can adapt to various complex road conditions. Second, it can reduce the vehicle cost because the high-voltage wire harness uses OT terminals, and the cost of quick-connect connectors is very low. Third, the gland connector is small in size and saves vehicle space.

[0030] The mixed use of quick-connect connectors for the battery input interface and gland connectors for the charge and discharge interfaces can achieve free combination in space, avoiding the spatial limitations of using only quick-connect connectors or gland connectors alone.

[0031] High-voltage distribution box Embodiment 2: On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to avoid the problem of loosening of the battery input interface under complex vibration and impact conditions, as an implementable method, a lock-bolt type quick-connect connector is used for the battery input interface of the high-voltage distribution box. The lock-bolt type quick-connect connector has higher mechanical strength than the conventional quick-connect connector, and the reliability is greatly improved. The design of using a lock-bolt type quick-connect connector for the battery input interface can play the role of MSD, and the fuse in the circuit can be integrated in the box body, greatly improving the reliability and mechanical performance of the high-voltage distribution box.

[0032] The mixed use of a lock-bolt type quick-connect connector for the battery input interface and gland connectors for the charge and discharge interfaces can achieve free combination in space, avoiding the spatial limitations of using only quick-connect connectors or gland connectors alone.

[0033] High-voltage distribution box Embodiment 3: On the basis of Embodiment 2, in order to reduce the volume and weight of the high-voltage distribution box and reduce the maintenance difficulty, such as Figure 2As shown, as an implementable method, a lock-bolt type quick-connect connector with an integrated fuse is adopted for the battery input interface of the high-voltage distribution box. Specifically, the fuse is integrated on the plug side of the lock-bolt type quick-connect connector. The plug of the connector is connected to the battery box in the battery system through a wire harness, and the socket of the lock-bolt type quick-connect connector matching the plug is arranged on the high-voltage distribution box. Adopting a lock-bolt type quick-connect connector with a plug-integrated fuse for the battery input interface of the high-voltage distribution box enables the high-voltage distribution box to be free of fuse assembly, which can reduce the volume and weight of the high-voltage distribution box. At the same time, when the fuse needs to be repaired or replaced, only the connector plug of the battery wire harness needs to be unplugged, and the repair or replacement of the fuse can be completed without disassembling and assembling the high-voltage distribution box.

[0034] Through the above method, the present invention provides a high-voltage distribution box. The interface connecting the high-voltage distribution box and the battery system is set as a quick-connect connector, enabling the high-voltage distribution box to be quickly plugged and unplugged when powered off, making it safer to use; the interfaces connecting the high-voltage distribution box with the charging interface and the motor controller interface are set as gland connectors, making the connection more firm and reliable and capable of adapting to complex and changeable working conditions. The mixed use of the two types of connectors can achieve free combination in space, avoiding the spatial limitations of using only quick-connect connectors or gland connectors alone.

[0035] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0036] Automobile embodiment: An automobile in this embodiment includes a high-voltage distribution box. Currently, there are mainly two forms of high-voltage distribution boxes in the market. One is that all power interfaces are quick-connect connectors, which can be plugged and unplugged without the aid of tools. The other is that all power interfaces are gland connectors, which require the aid of tools to be plugged and unplugged, and there are certain safety hazards during the operation process.

[0037] The high-voltage distribution box equipped with quick-connect connectors, although convenient to operate, faces challenges brought by mechanical vibration during vehicle operation, especially in harsh working conditions, which poses a great threat to the reliability of the quick-connect connectors, and at the same time, the cost is relatively high; the high-voltage distribution box equipped with gland connectors, although low in cost and good in reliability, has a large workload and safety hazards during vehicle production, repair, and maintenance, especially in the working condition of vehicle insulation failure, and it is extremely easy to cause arc-burning injury incidents during the operation process.

[0038] To solve the above problems, the vehicle in this embodiment is provided with a high-voltage distribution box as introduced in Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 3 of the high-voltage distribution box. The high-voltage distribution box has been introduced clearly enough in the embodiment of the distribution box and will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A high voltage distribution box, characterized in that: It includes a quick-plug connector and a cable gland connector. The quick-plug connector is used to connect the positive and negative electrodes on the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box with the positive and negative electrodes of the battery system; the cable gland connector is used to connect the positive and negative electrodes on the output side of the high-voltage distribution box with the positive and negative electrodes of the electrical equipment; the positive and negative electrodes on the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box and the positive and negative electrodes on the output side are respectively connected inside the high-voltage distribution box.

2. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick-plug connector is a locking bolt type quick-plug connector.

3. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fuse is also integrated on the plug side of the lock bolt type quick plug connector.

4. The high voltage distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable gland connector is also used to connect the positive and negative poles on the charging side of the high-voltage distribution box with the positive and negative poles of the DC charging interface. The positive and negative poles on the charging side of the high-voltage distribution box are connected to the positive and negative poles on the battery side respectively inside the high-voltage distribution box.

5. A car, characterized in that: It includes a high-voltage distribution box, which includes a quick-plug connector and a cable gland connector. The quick-plug connector is used to connect the positive and negative electrodes on the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box with the positive and negative electrodes of the battery system; the cable gland connector is used to connect the positive and negative electrodes on the output side of the high-voltage distribution box with the positive and negative electrodes of the electrical equipment; the positive and negative electrodes on the battery side of the high-voltage distribution box and the positive and negative electrodes on the output side are respectively connected inside the high-voltage distribution box.

6. The automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that: The quick-plug connector is a locking bolt type quick-plug connector.

7. The automobile according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fuse is also integrated on the plug side of the lock bolt type quick plug connector.

8. The automobile according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cable gland connector is also used to connect the positive and negative poles on the charging side of the high-voltage distribution box with the positive and negative poles of the DC charging interface. The positive and negative poles on the charging side of the high-voltage distribution box are connected to the positive and negative poles on the battery side respectively inside the high-voltage distribution box.

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