Vibration energy collecting device based on self-adaptive resonance structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration energy collecting equipment, in particular to a vibration energy collecting device based on a self-adaptive resonance structure, which comprises a shell, the inner wall of the shell is connected with the end part of a spring piece, the top of the other end of the spring piece is connected with the bottom of a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is concentrically arranged in a coil; the bottom of the coil is arranged above the spring piece, the top of the coil is connected with the inner wall of the shell, a tuning mechanism is connected in the shell, and the output end of the tuning mechanism is in sliding fit with the spring piece. Therefore, the working capability of the device under vibration of different frequencies is adapted, the working efficiency of the device is improved, and the maximum recovery of electric energy is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration energy harvesting equipment, and in particular to a vibration energy harvesting device based on an adaptive resonance structure. Background Art

[0002] The energy harvesting device for vibration energy harvesting can be used as a primary power source that can gradually replace batteries. The cooperation between the vibrating permanent magnet and the stationary coil can generate an induced electromotive force in the stationary coil, which is converted into electrical energy to power electronic equipment. The vibration energy when a train passes by is a potentially huge and usable energy, so the vibration energy harvesting and conversion device has great application prospects.

[0003] However, the prior art still has shortcomings. For example, a vibration energy collection device with patent number: CN201520954844.X includes an upper transmission shaft, a lower transmission shaft, a coil bracket, an elastic mechanism, a magnet fixing frame, a strong magnet and an energy storage mechanism. The device can only work under vibration of a specified frequency. When the vibration frequency changes, the working efficiency of the device will be seriously reduced. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a vibration energy harvesting device based on an adaptive resonance structure to solve the problem raised in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a vibration energy collection device based on an adaptive resonance structure, comprising: a shell, the inner wall of the shell is connected to the end of a spring sheet, the top of the other end of the spring sheet is connected to the bottom of a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is concentrically arranged in the coil, the bottom of the coil is arranged above the spring sheet, the top of the coil is connected to the inner wall of the shell, a tuning mechanism is connected inside the shell, and the output end of the tuning mechanism is slidably matched with the spring sheet.

[0006] Preferably, the tuning mechanism includes: a through slot, the top of the spring sheet slidingly cooperates with the through slot, the through slot is opened through the end face of the mounting block, the through slot is connected to the tops of multiple mounting slots, the bottom of the mounting slot is opened on the bottom wall of the mounting block, and the guide wheel rotatably connected in the mounting slot is rollingly cooperated with the bottom of the spring sheet.

[0007] Preferably, a magnet is connected to the bottom of the mounting block, and the magnet is arranged between magnet two and magnet three. One side of the magnet has the same magnetic pole as magnet two, and the other side of the magnet has the same magnetic pole as magnet three. Magnet two and magnet three are respectively connected to an inner wall of the U-shaped block, and the bottom of the U-shaped block is connected to the driving device.

[0008] Preferably, the driving device includes: a motor, the output end of the motor connected to the inner wall of the housing is connected to the end of the screw rod, a screw block is threadedly connected to the screw rod, the screw block is slidably connected to the bottom wall of the housing, the top of the screw block is connected to the bottom of the U-shaped block, and the screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom end of a cantilever is connected to the inner wall of the housing, the top end of the cantilever is connected to the bottom of the bearing seat through an adjusting member, the top of the bearing seat is in contact and cooperation with the bottom of the spring piece, a piezoelectric ceramic sheet is connected to the top of the spring piece, and the end of the bearing seat facing the U-shaped block is arranged in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

[0010] Preferably, two sides of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet are respectively electrically connected to the ends of a wire and a second wire, the other end of the second wire is electrically connected to one end of a coil, the other end of the coil is connected to the end of a third wire, and the other ends of the third wire and the wire are both arranged outside the side wall of the housing.

[0011] Preferably, an Arduino Due controller is connected inside the housing, two analog pins on one side of the Arduino Due controller are respectively electrically connected to the wire and the third wire, the other side of the Arduino Due controller is electrically connected to the motor through a cable and a second cable, and a motor drive module is connected to the cable.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting member includes: a plug rod, the bottom end of the plug rod is connected to the top end of the cantilever, the top end of the plug rod is connected to the top wall of a socket tube through a spring, the socket tube is slidably engaged with the plug rod, and the top of the socket tube is connected to the bottom of the bearing seat.

[0013] Preferably, the end of a second socket tube is horizontally slidably connected to the side wall of the socket tube, the top wall of the second socket tube is connected to the end of a second plug rod through a second spring, the second plug rod is slidably engaged with the second socket tube, a chamfer is provided at the top of the other end of the second plug rod, and the chamfer is in frictional engagement with the top end of the inner ratchet teeth of a ratchet wheel, and the ratchet wheel is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of a slide rail is connected to the top of the second socket tube, the end of a rod body is slidably connected inside the slide rail, the top of the rod body is connected to the top of the slide rail through a third spring, the other end of the rod body is connected to the side of a locking rod, and a second chamfer is provided at the bottom of the locking rod, and the second chamfer is in frictional engagement with the top end of the inner ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] In the solution of the present invention:

[0017] By setting a tuning mechanism, the device can make the other end of the spring plate in vibration generate the maximum amplitude of vibration, so as to adapt to the device's ability to work under vibrations of different frequencies, thereby improving the working efficiency of the device and achieving the maximum recovery of electric energy. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the main structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the relative position relationship between the coil and the permanent magnet of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding fit between the spring plate and the mounting block of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the U-shaped block and the screw block of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the spring plate and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the spring and the insertion tube of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the second insertion tube and the slide rail of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the rod body and the locking rod of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the rotational connection relationship between the rotating shaft and the adjusting tube of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the relative position relationship between the bearing seat and the intake pipe of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the outer tube and the mounting ring of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the relative position relationship between the air guide hole and the second air guide hole of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the positions where the third chamfer and the fourth chamfer are formed of the present invention.

[0031] Wherein: housing 1, spring piece 2, coil 3, permanent magnet 4, mounting block 5, mounting groove 6, guide wheel 7, magnet 8, magnet two 9, magnet three 10, U-shaped block 11, motor 12, screw 13, screw block 14, cantilever 15, bearing seat 16, piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17, inserting rod 18, spring 19, inserting tube 20, inserting tube two 21, spring two 22, inserting rod two 23, chamfer 24, ratchet 25, slide rail 26, rod body 27, spring three 28, locking rod 29, chamfer two 30, rotating shaft 31, adjusting tube 32, torsion spring 33, sealing column 34, air inlet pipe 35, outer tube 36, mounting ring 37, spring four 38, inner tube 39, throttle valve 40, return spring 41, air guide hole 42, air guide hole two 43, chamfer three 44, chamfer four 45. Specific embodiments

[0032] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , a vibration energy harvesting device based on an adaptive resonance structure, including: a housing 1, the end of a spring piece 2 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, the top of the other end of the spring piece 2 is connected to the bottom of a permanent magnet 4, the permanent magnet 4 is concentrically arranged inside a coil 3, the bottom of the coil 3 is arranged above the spring piece 2, the top of the coil 3 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, and a tuning mechanism is connected inside the housing 1, and the output end of the tuning mechanism is in sliding fit with the spring piece 2.

[0034] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0035] Fix the bottom of the housing 1 on the side of the railway. When a train passes by, the vibration of the vehicle will drive the vibration of the housing 1, and then the spring piece 2 inside the device will vibrate. Since the top of the other end of the spring piece 2 is connected to the permanent magnet 4, the permanent magnet 4 will vibrate synchronously. The permanent magnet 4 moves up and down inside the coil 3, and then the coil 3 generates an induced electromotive force. When vehicles with different loads pass through the device, the vibration frequencies of the vehicles are different, and the vibration amplitudes of the other end of the spring piece 2 are different. Therefore, in order to maximize the transmission of the vibration of the other end of the spring piece 2 to the permanent magnet 4, at this time, start the tuning mechanism to move on the spring piece 2 to increase and maintain the vibration amplitude of its other end;

[0036] By setting the tuning mechanism, the device can make the other end of the vibrating spring piece 2 vibrate with the maximum amplitude, so as to adapt to the working ability of the device under different frequency vibrations, and then improve the working efficiency of the device and realize the maximum recovery of electric energy;

[0037] The setting of the tuning mechanism can also increase the vibration duration of the spring piece 2, and then continuously generate electric energy, increasing the practicability of the device during use.

[0038] Example 2: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , the tuning mechanism includes: a through groove, the top of the spring piece 2 is slidably engaged with the through groove, the through groove is penetrated and opened on the end face of the mounting block 5, the through groove is connected to the tops of a plurality of mounting grooves 6, the bottoms of the mounting grooves 6 are opened on the bottom wall of the mounting block 5, and the guide wheel 7 rotatably connected in the mounting groove 6 is in rolling engagement with the bottom of the spring piece 2.

[0039] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0040] When the vibration amplitude of the other end of the spring piece 2 decreases, move the mounting block 5 to the right, the through groove is slidably engaged with the top of the spring piece 2, and the guide wheel 7 in the mounting groove 6 opened at the bottom of the through groove rotates reversely, so as to increase the vibration frequency of the other end of the spring piece 2;

[0041] When the vibration amplitude of the other end of the spring piece 2 increases, move the mounting block 5 to the left, the through groove is slidably engaged with the top of the spring piece 2, and the guide wheel 7 in the mounting groove 6 opened at the bottom of the through groove rotates forward to ensure the continuous vibration of the other end of the spring piece 2;

[0042] After the device starts to work at a specified frequency, in order to prevent the vibration of the other end of the spring piece 2 from disappearing quickly, move the mounting block 5 to the left. After the device works at the specified frequency for a period of time, due to the decrease in the vibration amplitude of the other end of the spring piece 2, the mounting block 5 can also be moved to the right at this time to ensure that the spring piece 2 vibrates at a high frequency, thereby maximizing the recovery of electric energy.

[0043] Example 3: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , a magnet 8 is connected to the bottom of the mounting block 5, the magnet 8 is arranged between the magnet two 9 and the magnet three 10, one side of the magnet 8 has the same magnetic pole as the magnet two 9, the other side of the magnet 8 has the same magnetic pole as the magnet three 10, the magnet two 9 and the magnet three 10 are respectively connected to an inner wall of the U-shaped block 11, and the bottom of the U-shaped block 11 is connected to the driving device.

[0044] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0045] To reduce the difficulty of moving the mounting block 5, a magnet 8 is connected to the bottom of the mounting block 5. Since the magnet two 9 and the magnet three 10 are respectively arranged on both sides of the magnet 8, and one side of the magnet 8 has the same magnetic pole as the magnet two 9, and the other side of the magnet 8 has the same magnetic pole as the magnet three 10. Therefore, when it is necessary to move the mounting block 5 to the right, the driving device can be started, the driving device drives the U-shaped block 11 to move to the right, and the magnet 8 moves to the right under the action of the magnetic forces of the magnet two 9 and the magnet three 10, thereby driving the mounting block 5 to move to the right;

[0046] When it is necessary to move the mounting block 5 to the left, the driving device can be started. The driving device drives the U-shaped block 11 to move to the left. The magnet 8 moves to the left under the action of the magnetic forces of the second magnet 9 and the third magnet 10, thereby driving the mounting block 5 to move to the left.

[0047] Since the magnet 8 maintains balance between the two inner walls of the U-shaped block 11 through the repulsive action of the magnetic poles of the second magnet 9 and the third magnet 10, when the mounting block 5 moves, the magnet 8 will not contact other components in the device, thereby avoiding the external force interference on the spring piece 2 during vibration.

[0048] Example Four: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , the driving device includes: a motor 12. The output end of the motor 12 connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 is connected to the end of a screw rod 13. A screw block 14 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 13. The screw block 14 is slidably connected to the bottom wall of the housing 1. The top of the screw block 14 is connected to the bottom of the U-shaped block 11. The screw rod 13 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0049] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0050] After the motor 12 is started, the output end of the motor 12 drives the screw rod 13 to rotate forward. Under the sliding fit between the screw block 14 and the bottom wall of the housing 1, the screw block 14 drives the U-shaped block 11 to move to the right;

[0051] The output end of the motor 12 drives the screw rod 13 to rotate in reverse. Under the sliding fit between the screw block 14 and the bottom wall of the housing 1, the screw block 14 drives the U-shaped block 11 to move to the left. The cooperation between the screw rod 13 and the screw block 14 improves the efficiency of the left and right movement of the U-shaped block 11 in the housing 1.

[0052] Example Five: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , the bottom end of a cantilever 15 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The top end of the cantilever 15 is connected to the bottom of a bearing seat 16 through an adjusting member. The top of the bearing seat 16 is in contact and cooperation with the bottom of the spring piece 2. A piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 is connected to the top of the spring piece 2. The end of the bearing seat 16 facing the U-shaped block 11 is disposed in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17.

[0053] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0054] The bottom of the spring piece 2 is in contact and cooperation with the top of the bearing seat 16. The bottom of the bearing seat 16 is in contact with the top end of the cantilever 15 through the adjusting member. The bottom end of the cantilever 15 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1, which increases the stability of the spring piece 2 during vibration. Since a piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 is connected to the spring piece 2 and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 generates an electric current when subjected to an external force, the cooperation between the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 and the coil 3 increases the electric energy output by the device during vibration;

[0055] To ensure that the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 can generate a larger current during vibration, since the end of the bearing seat 16 facing the U-shaped block 11 is arranged in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17, when the spring sheet 2 vibrates, the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 can have the maximum deformation, thereby ensuring the output of the current.

[0056] Embodiment Six: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , both sides of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 are electrically connected to the ends of a wire and a second wire respectively. The other end of the second wire is electrically connected to one end of the coil 3. The other end of the coil 3 is connected to the end of a third wire. The other ends of the third wire and the wire are both arranged outside the side wall of the housing 1.

[0057] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0058] After the device starts to work, the spring sheet 2 vibrates, and the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 and the coil 3 generate current. The piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 and the coil 3 are connected in series through the second wire. The coil 3 is electrically connected to one side of the load through the third wire. The other end of the wire electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 is electrically connected to the other side of the load. Therefore, the device can generate a larger voltage, thereby realizing more efficient recovery of electrical energy by the device.

[0059] Embodiment Seven: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , an Arduino Due controller is connected inside the housing 1. Two analog pins on one side of the Arduino Due controller are electrically connected to the wire and the third wire respectively. The other side of the Arduino Due controller is electrically connected to the motor 12 through a cable and a second cable. A motor drive module is connected to the cable.

[0060] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0061] The Arduino Due controller is a commonly used controller by those skilled in the art in the prior art. The steps for importing the algorithm into the controller are as follows: First, sequentially open MATLAB, Home, Add-Ons, and Get Hardware Support Packages in the above-mentioned controller, search and select the two installation packages of MATLAB Support Package for Arduino Hardware and Simulink Support Package for Arduino Hardware for installation. Subsequently, after adapting to the Arduino Due, the corresponding algorithm can be imported into the Due. The specific algorithm is a model-free adaptive control algorithm, which is mainly used to find the extreme points (maximum or minimum) of the system performance index in the absence of an accurate system model and make the system automatically adjust to operate near the extreme point. The basic principle of the ESC algorithm is based on perturbation signal injection and gradient estimation. It inputs a small periodic perturbation signal into the system and then observes the change in the system output to estimate the gradient information of the performance index with respect to the control input. According to the estimated gradient information, the control input is adjusted to make the performance index of the system gradually tend to the extreme value.

[0062] When the device starts to work, the generated voltage pulse is input into the Arduino Due controller through the wire and wire three. Through the Extremum Seek Control algorithm in its simulink software, the voltage pulse is calculated. Subsequently, the motor 12 is powered through the cable and cable two. The motor drive module is specifically the L298N module, which further controls the forward or reverse rotation of the motor 12, and finally realizes the movement of the mounting block 5 on the spring piece 2. The device uses the controller, software, algorithm, and motor drive module in the prior art to achieve the control of the motor 12, greatly reducing the difficulty of controlling the movement of the mounting block 5 during the operation of the device.

[0063] Example Eight: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , the adjusting member includes: a plug rod 18. The bottom end of the plug rod 18 is connected to the top end of the cantilever 15. The top end of the plug rod 18 is connected to the top wall of the socket tube 20 through a spring 19. The socket tube 20 is slidably matched with the plug rod 18. The top of the socket tube 20 is connected to the bottom of the bearing seat 16.

[0064] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0065] After the device starts to work, the vibration of the spring piece 2 will be transmitted to the bearing seat 16. To avoid damage to the cantilever 15 caused by frequent vibrations of the device, and further avoid the spring piece 2 losing the support of the bearing seat 16, resulting in an increase in the frequency and duration of the position adjustment of the device for the mounting block 5, a plug rod 18 is connected to the cantilever 15. The plug rod 18 is slidably engaged with the plug tube 20. The top end of the plug rod 18 is connected to the top wall of the plug tube 20 through a spring 19. The spring 19 can absorb the vibration transmitted to the cantilever 15, prevent damage to the cantilever 15, and ultimately avoid the electrical energy consumed when the device adjusts the relative position of the mounting block 5 and the spring piece 2, ensuring the recovery of electrical energy by the device; in addition, due to the generation of vibration of the spring piece 2, the bearing seat 16 will generate synchronous vibration. When vibrating, the displacement of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 in the deformed state towards the end of the U-shaped block 11 increases, thereby increasing the deformation degree of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 and realizing the generation of more electrical energy; the connection between the plug tube 20 and the plug rod 18 through the spring 19 can prevent the vibration of the spring piece 2 from disappearing quickly, extend the vibration time, and thus ensure the output duration of electrical energy.

[0066] Embodiment Nine: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , the end of a second plug tube 21 is horizontally slidably connected to the side wall of the plug tube 20. The top wall of the second plug tube 21 is connected to the end of a second plug rod 23 through a second spring 22. The second plug rod 23 is slidably engaged with the second plug tube 21. A chamfer 24 is provided at the top of the other end of the second plug rod 23. The chamfer 24 is in frictional engagement with the top end of the inner ratchet teeth of a ratchet 25. The ratchet 25 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0067] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0068] After the device starts to work, the plug tube 20 makes reciprocating up and down movements. When the second plug rod 23 moves downward, the bottom of its other end drives the ratchet 25 to rotate counterclockwise in the housing 1. Subsequently, when the second plug rod 23 moves upward, the chamfer 24 is in frictional engagement with the top end of a ratchet tooth in the ratchet 25. The second plug rod 23 compresses the second spring 22, and the second plug rod 23 moves into the second plug tube 21. Then, under the elastic force of the reset of the second spring 22, the second plug rod 23 moves outward from the second plug tube 21, and the other end of the second plug rod 23 is used to abut against the side of a new ratchet tooth again; the cooperation between the chamfer 24 on the second plug rod 23 and the ratchet 25 can increase the stability of the plug tube 20 during up and down movement; the frictional engagement between the chamfer 24 and the ratchet 25 can prevent the phenomenon that the plug tube 20 resonates at the same vibration frequency as the spring piece 2 during vibration, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the vibration of the spring piece 2 cannot be maintained for a long time.

[0069] Embodiment Ten: Refer to Figures 1 - 13, the top of the second cannula 21 is connected to the bottom of the slide rail 26. The end of a rod body 27 is slidably connected within the slide rail 26. The top of the rod body 27 is connected to the top of the slide rail 26 by a third spring 28. The other end of the rod body 27 is connected to the side of a locking rod 29. The bottom of the locking rod 29 is provided with a second chamfer 30, and the second chamfer 30 is in frictional engagement with the top end of the internal ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 25.

[0070] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0071] When the second inserting rod 23 moves downward, the rod body 27 moves upward relative to the slide rail 26, and the third spring 28 is compressed. Since the ratchet wheel 25 rotates counterclockwise, the second chamfer 30 at the bottom of the locking rod 29 is in frictional engagement with the top end of the ratchet teeth. When the second inserting rod 23 moves upward, the length of the third spring 28 shortens, but under the action of its elastic force, it still exerts a downward pressure on the locking rod 29. At the same time, the side of the locking rod 29 is in contact and cooperation with the side of another ratchet tooth, preventing the ratchet wheel 25 from reversing and resetting when the second inserting rod 23 moves upward. Therefore, when the cannula 20 vibrates, the counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet wheel 25 can be maintained.

[0072] Example Eleven: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , the end of the ratchet wheel 25 is perpendicular to the side of its ratchet teeth. The end of the ratchet wheel 25 is connected to the end of a rotating shaft 31. The rotating shaft 31 is rotatably connected to an adjusting tube 32. The adjusting tube 32 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1. The other end of the rotating shaft 31 placed within the adjusting tube 32 is connected to the end of a torsion spring 33. The other end of the torsion spring 33 is connected to the end of a sealing column 34. The sealing column 34 is slidably sealed with the adjusting tube 32. The adjusting tube 32 is connected to an air inlet pipe 35. The top of the air inlet pipe 35 is arranged towards the top of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17. The other end of the air inlet pipe 35 passes through the side wall of the housing 1. A discharge air pipe is connected to the side wall of the housing 1. A one-way valve is installed within the discharge air pipe. The other end side wall of the sealing column 34 is in sealing cooperation with the air inlet pipe 35. The end of the sealing column 34 is connected with a contact. The other end of the rotating shaft 31 is connected with a second contact. The contact and the second contact are arranged facing each other. The contact is electrically connected to one side of an air pump through a third cable. The output end of the air pump is connected to the air inlet pipe 35. The contact is connected to the other side of the air pump through a fourth cable. A battery is connected to the fourth cable. The battery and the air pump are both arranged on the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0073] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are as follows:

[0074] The counterclockwise rotation of the ratchet 25 drives the counterclockwise rotation of the rotating shaft 31. Under the sliding fit between the sealing column 34 and the adjusting pipe 32, the torsion spring 33 is driven to twist. The length of the torsion spring 33 shortens, and the sealing column 34 moves towards the ratchet 25. When the contact point contacts the second contact point, the power supply starts the air pump through cable three and cable four. The air outside the housing 1 enters the air inlet pipe 35. At the same time, the sealing of the air inlet pipe 35 by the sealing column 34 ends, and then the air cools the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17. The cooled air is discharged through the exhaust pipe after passing through the one-way valve. At this time, the air inlet pipe 35 can cool the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 that frequently deforms after being vibrated. Although the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 has certain thermal stability, when the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 frequently undergoes positive piezoelectricity, heat will still be generated. The air output from the air inlet pipe 35 can prevent the degradation of piezoelectric performance, the increase of positive piezoelectric power loss, the mechanical performance decline and even fragmentation caused by the internal stress generated by the internal and external temperature difference, the acceleration of the aging speed due to the unstable polarization state, and the negative effects of oxidation decomposition. It can also avoid the decrease of the collection ability of the device during energy collection.

[0075] Embodiment Twelve: Refer to Figures 1 - 13 , the end of the air inlet pipe 35 is connected to the outer pipe 36. An installation ring 37 is connected inside the outer pipe 36. The end of the spring four 38 is connected to the end face of the installation ring 37 facing the slide rail 26. The other end of the spring four 38 is connected to the end of the inner pipe 39. The inner pipe 39 is in sliding fit with the outer pipe 36. The other end of the inner pipe 39 connected with the sealing disc is in contact and fit with the side wall of the slide rail 26. A throttle valve 40 is connected to the outer pipe 36. The end of the reset spring 41 is connected to the side of the insertion tube two 21. The other end of the reset spring 41 is connected to the insertion tube 20. A vent hole 42 is opened on the inner pipe 39. The vent hole 42 is located inside the outer pipe 36. A vent hole two 43 is opened on the outer pipe 36. The vent hole two 43 is arranged between the vent hole 42 and the other end of the outer pipe 36. The axis of the vent hole two 43 and the vent hole 42 are coplanar. A chamfer three 44 is arranged between the side of the insertion rod two 23 and the chamfer 24. A chamfer four 45 is arranged between the side of the locking rod 29 and the chamfer two 30. Both the chamfer three 44 and the chamfer four 45 face 31.

[0076] The principle and beneficial effects of the above solution are:

[0077] When the intake pipe 35 inputs air, a part of the air enters the outer pipe 36. The inner pipe 39 moves outward to the outside of the outer pipe 36, and the length of the fourth spring 38 becomes longer. At the same time, the slide rail 26 drives the second insertion tube 21 to move away from the intake pipe 35 on the insertion tube 20. The return spring 41 is compressed, and the second insertion rod 23 moves synchronously with the locking rod 29. When both the second insertion rod 23 and the locking rod 29 are disengaged from the ratchet wheel 25, the ratchet wheel 25 is unlocked. At the same time, the air guide hole 42 is communicated with the second air guide hole 43, reducing the air pressure output by the intake pipe 35, slowing down the cooling speed of the device for the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 to prevent the phenomenon of the reduction of the positive piezoelectric effect due to too low temperature, or the phenomenon of internal stress due to too long cooling time. After being unlocked, the ratchet wheel 25 rotates clockwise under the restoring force of the fourth spring 38, and the contact point and the second contact point end the contact cooperation. The air pump stops inputting the air outside the housing 1 into the intake pipe 35 and the outer pipe 36. The sealing column 34 seals the intake pipe 35 again. Synchronously, the residual air in the outer pipe 36 can be discharged through the intake pipe 35, gently reducing the air output speed of the intake pipe 35, avoiding violent temperature changes of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17, maintaining the integrity of its structure and stabilizing its electrode polarity; the communication between the air guide hole 42 and the second air guide hole 43 can also cooperate with the throttle valve 40 to avoid damage due to too high air pressure in the inner pipe 39 and the outer pipe 36;

[0078] Subsequently, since the intake pipe 35 stops supplying air, the inner pipe 39 is reset and retracted into the inner part of the outer pipe 36 again under the restoring force of the fourth spring 38. The slide rail 26 that loses support is reset synchronously under the action of the reset of the return spring 41, preparing for the next operation of the device. Since the ratchet wheel 25 is reset at this time, in order to prevent the locking rod 29 and the second insertion rod 23 from getting stuck with the ratchet wheel 25, a fourth chamfer 45 is provided on the locking rod 29 to prevent it, and a third chamfer 44 is provided at the other end of the second insertion rod 23. After the fourth chamfer 45 and the third chamfer 44 contact the top end face of the ratchet teeth of the ratchet wheel 25, they are reset, greatly improving the reliability of the device;

[0079] The throttle valve 40 is connected to the outer pipe 36, and thus the speed and flow rate of the air entering the inner pipe 39 can be controlled through the throttle valve 40. Furthermore, the cooling time of the device for the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 through the intake pipe 35 can be adjusted, greatly improving the flexibility of the device during operation. In addition, the time interval between the first cooling and the second cooling can also be controlled to adjust the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 17 to always work at a suitable temperature.

[0080] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, additional modifications can be easily achieved. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the examples shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A vibration energy harvesting device based on an adaptive resonance structure, characterized in that: include: A shell (1), wherein the inner wall of the shell (1) is connected to the end of a spring sheet (2), the top of the other end of the spring sheet (2) is connected to the bottom of a permanent magnet (4), the permanent magnet (4) is concentrically arranged in a coil (3), the bottom of the coil (3) is arranged above the spring sheet (2), the top of the coil (3) is connected to the inner wall of the shell (1), a tuning mechanism is connected inside the shell (1), and the output end of the tuning mechanism is slidably matched with the spring sheet (2).

2. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tuning mechanism comprises: a through slot, the top of the spring sheet (2) is slidably matched with the through slot, the through slot is penetrated and arranged on the end surface of the mounting block (5), the through slot is connected to the tops of a plurality of mounting slots (6), the bottom of the mounting slot (6) is arranged on the bottom wall of the mounting block (5), and a guide wheel (7) rotatably connected in the mounting slot (6) is rollingly matched with the bottom of the spring sheet (2).

3. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bottom of the mounting block (5) is connected to a magnet (8), which is arranged between the second magnet (9) and the third magnet (10), one side of the magnet (8) has the same magnetic pole as the second magnet (9), and the other side of the magnet (8) has the same magnetic pole as the third magnet (10), the second magnet (9) and the third magnet (10) are respectively connected to an inner wall of a U-shaped block (11), and the bottom of the U-shaped block (11) is connected to a driving device.

4. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The driving device comprises: a motor (12); an output end of the motor (12) connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (1) is connected to the end of a screw rod (13); a screw block (14) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (13); the screw block (14) is slidably connected to the bottom wall of the outer shell (1); the top of the screw block (14) is connected to the bottom of the U-shaped block (11); and the screw rod (13) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (1).

5. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the housing (1) is connected to the bottom end of the cantilever (15), the top end of the cantilever (15) is connected to the bottom of the bearing seat (16) through an adjusting member, the top of the bearing seat (16) is in contact with the bottom of the spring sheet (2), the top of the spring sheet (2) is connected to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (17), and the end of the bearing seat (16) facing the U-shaped block (11) is arranged in the middle of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (17).

6. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The two sides of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet (17) are electrically connected to the ends of the wire and wire 2 respectively, the other end of wire 2 is electrically connected to one end of the coil (3), the other end of the coil (3) is connected to the end of wire 3, and the other end of wire 3 and the other end of the wire are both arranged outside the side wall of the housing (1).

7. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: An Arduino Due controller is connected inside the housing (1), two analog pins on one side of the Arduino Due controller are electrically connected to a wire and a wire three respectively, and the other side of the Arduino Due controller is electrically connected to a motor (12) via a cable and a cable two, and a motor drive module is connected to the cable.

8. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The adjusting member comprises: an insert rod (18), the top end of the cantilever (15) is connected to the bottom end of the insert rod (18), the top end of the insert rod (18) is connected to the top wall of the insert tube (20) via a spring (19), the insert tube (20) and the insert rod (18) are slidably matched, and the top of the insert tube (20) is connected to the bottom of the bearing seat (16).

9. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the second insertion tube (21) is slidably connected to the side wall of the insertion tube (20) in a transverse manner. The top wall of the second insertion tube (21) is connected to the end of the second insertion rod (23) through the second spring (22). The second insertion rod (23) is slidably matched with the second insertion tube (21). The top of the other end of the second insertion rod (23) is provided with a chamfer (24). The chamfer (24) is frictionally matched with the top of the ratchet teeth inside the ratchet (25). The ratchet (25) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (1).

10. The vibration energy harvesting device based on the adaptive resonance structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The top of the second insertion tube (21) is connected to the bottom of the slide rail (26), and the end of the rod body (27) is slidably connected inside the slide rail (26). The top of the rod body (27) is connected to the top of the slide rail (26) through a spring three (28), and the other end of the rod body (27) is connected to the side of the locking rod (29). The bottom of the locking rod (29) is provided with a chamfer two (30), and the chamfer two (30) is frictionally matched with the top of the ratchet teeth inside the ratchet (25).

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