Energy storage type ocean thermoelectric power generation system

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage type ocean thermoelectric power generation system which comprises a liquid storage box body, the liquid storage box body is filled with a phase change material, low-temperature heat pipes are connected to the front side and the rear side of the liquid storage box body in an inserted mode and extend towards the outer side of the liquid storage box body, and a plurality of Peltier power generation pieces are arranged on the other four side faces of the liquid storage box body. The Peltier power generation sheet is connected with a storage battery voltage stabilizer, the storage battery voltage stabilizer is connected with a storage battery, the upper surface of the liquid storage box body is connected with a crystallization nucleation trigger rod, and the crystallization nucleation trigger rod is connected with a trigger rod lifting controller. When the collected temperature is lower than a set threshold value, the trigger rod lifting controller controls the crystallization nucleation trigger rod to descend, the crystallization nucleation trigger rod touches the supercooled phase-change material, the phase-change material is changed into a solid state from a liquid state and is crystallized to release heat, and at the moment, the temperature of the seawater is lower than the set threshold value; the phase-change material crystallizes and releases heat, so that temperature difference is formed between the internal temperature of the liquid storage box and external seawater, and temperature difference is formed on the two sides of the Peltier power generation piece for power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ocean thermal energy utilization, and particularly to a storage-type ocean thermal energy conversion power generation system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand, especially the increasing demand for clean and sustainable energy, the development of new energy conversion technologies has become a key focus in current energy research. As one of the most extensive energy sources on Earth, the rich thermal energy resources in the ocean have not been fully utilized. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) uses the temperature difference between surface water and deep seawater in the ocean to generate electricity, which has great potential. However, due to factors such as small temperature differences, low power generation efficiency, and high equipment costs, its practical application still faces many challenges.

[0003] To address these issues, researchers have tried various technologies and solutions to improve the efficiency and feasibility of ocean thermal energy conversion power generation. Among them, the heat pipe technology, as an efficient heat conduction means, can transfer a large amount of heat in a short time, significantly improving the thermal energy utilization efficiency. Phase Change Materials (PCMs), due to their characteristic of absorbing or releasing a large amount of heat during the phase change process, have become an ideal choice for regulating temperature differences and enhancing system stability. However, in existing ocean thermal energy conversion power generation systems, the efficiency of thermal energy conversion is still limited by traditional mechanical power generation devices and system designs.

[0004] In recent years, the Peltier Effect, a thermoelectric effect based on semiconductor materials, has been widely concerned and applied in the field of thermoelectric power generation. The Peltier Effect can generate a temperature difference at the contact surface of two different materials through the action of an electric current, thereby directly converting thermal energy into electrical energy. Compared with traditional heat engine power generation methods, Peltier power generation has advantages such as a simple structure, no mechanical moving parts, and high reliability. Especially in low-temperature difference environments, it shows good energy conversion potential. However, a single heat pipe, phase change material, or Peltier Effect still has problems such as low efficiency, unstable energy conversion, and high costs in practical applications. Therefore, how to combine these technologies to form an efficient ocean thermal energy conversion power generation system has become an important research direction. In particular, how to maximize the utilization of thermal energy, improve power generation efficiency, and reduce the overall cost of the system through reasonable coupling design has become the core issue in the development of this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses an energy storage type ocean thermal energy conversion power generation system, comprising: a liquid storage box body, wherein the interior of the liquid storage box body is filled with a phase change material, low-temperature heat pipes are inserted into the front and rear sides of the liquid storage box body, the low-temperature heat pipes extend outward from the liquid storage box body, a plurality of Peltier power generation chips are arranged on the other four sides of the liquid storage box body, the Peltier power generation chips are connected to a battery voltage stabilizer, the battery voltage stabilizer is connected to a battery, a crystallization nucleation trigger rod is connected to the upper surface of the liquid storage box body, and a trigger rod lifting controller is connected to the crystallization nucleation trigger rod.

[0006] The system further comprises a temperature sensor for collecting the temperature information of the inner wall of the liquid storage box body, the temperature sensor transmits the collected temperature information to the trigger rod lifting controller, when the collected temperature is lower than the set threshold value, the trigger rod lifting controller controls the crystallization nucleation trigger rod to descend, the crystallization nucleation trigger rod touches the supercooled phase change material, and the phase change material changes from a liquid state to a solid state and crystallizes to release heat. At this time, the seawater temperature is lower than the above-mentioned set threshold value, and the heat released by the crystallization of the phase change material causes a temperature difference between the interior of the liquid storage box body and the external seawater, resulting in a temperature difference on both sides of the Peltier power generation chip for power generation.

[0007] The low-temperature heat pipe comprises an evaporation section, an adiabatic section and a condensation section, the low-temperature heat pipe is connected to the liquid storage box body through an adiabatic material, wherein the evaporation section is arranged in seawater, the adiabatic section is arranged in the adiabatic material, and the condensation section is arranged in the phase change material.

[0008] The Peltier power generation chips are pasted on the surface of the liquid storage box body in a linear array manner through heat-conducting silica gel.

[0009] The temperature sensor is arranged in the phase change material and is close to the wall surface of the liquid storage box body.

[0010] The phase change material is calcium chloride hexahydrate.

[0011] The low-temperature heat pipe is provided with a starting temperature, when the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the heat pipe starts to conduct heat, and when the temperature is lower than the set value, the heat pipe stops working.

[0012] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention provides an energy storage type ocean thermal energy conversion power generation system, in which a heat pipe technology is combined with a supercooled phase change material (PCM), and the temperature difference is converted into electric energy through a Peltier module. The system can effectively utilize the temperature difference between the heat source and the cold source, transfer heat efficiently through the heat pipe, stabilize the temperature difference through the phase change material, and realize temperature difference power generation through the Peltier module, so as to provide high-efficiency and stable power output. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can improve the power generation efficiency under the condition of a smaller temperature difference, and the system structure is simple, without mechanical moving parts, has high reliability and low maintenance cost, and is suitable for temperature difference power generation applications in various environments such as the ocean, solar energy, and geothermal energy. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an energy storage type ocean thermal energy conversion power generation system of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the system of the present invention along the neutral plane;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the measuring point positions of temperature sensors in the system of the present invention

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the measuring point positions of temperature sensors in the system of the present invention

[0018] 1 - 10. Liquid storage box body, 2 - 4. Phase change material, 1 - 1. Low - temperature heat pipe, 1 - 7. Peltier power generation sheet, 1 - 8. Battery voltage regulator, 1 - 9. Battery, 1 - 2. Crystallization nucleation trigger rod, 1 - 4. Trigger rod lifting controller, 1 - 5 Power supply, 1 - 3. Temperature sensor, 1 - 4. Trigger rod lifting controller, 1 - 6. Thermal insulation material, 2 - 1. Evaporation section, 2 - 2. Insulation section, 2 - 3. Condensation section. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:

[0020] Such as Figure 1 And Figure 2An energy storage type ocean thermal energy conversion power generation system shown in the figure includes a liquid storage box 1-10, in which a phase change material 2-4 is uniformly filled. The low-temperature heat pipes 1-1 are inserted into the phase change material 2-4 in a triangular array arrangement. The low-temperature heat pipes 1-1 include an evaporation section 2-1, an adiabatic section 2-2, and a condensation section 2-3. The low-temperature heat pipes 1-1 are connected to the liquid storage box 1-10 through thermal insulation materials 1-6. The evaporation section 2-1 is arranged in seawater, and the adiabatic section 2-2 is arranged in the thermal insulation material 1-6. The condensation section 2-3 is arranged in the phase change material 2-4. A plurality of Peltier power generation chips 1-7 are arranged on the other four sides of the liquid storage box 1-10. The Peltier power generation chips 1-7 are connected to a battery voltage regulator 1-8, and the battery voltage regulator 1-8 is connected to a battery 1-9. A crystallization nucleation trigger rod 1-2 is connected to the upper surface of the liquid storage box 1-10, and a trigger rod lifting controller 1-4 is connected to the crystallization nucleation trigger rod 1-2. A temperature sensor 1-3 is arranged on one side of the phase change material 4-2 close to the wall surface of the liquid storage box 1-10. The temperature sensor 1-3 is connected to the crystallization nucleation trigger rod 1-2. The temperature information of the inner wall of the liquid storage box 1-10 is collected through the temperature sensor 1-3. The temperature sensor 1-3 transmits the collected temperature information to the trigger rod lifting controller 1-4. When the collected temperature is lower than the set threshold, the trigger rod lifting controller 1-4 controls the crystallization nucleation trigger rod 1-2 to descend. The crystallization nucleation trigger rod 1-2 touches the supercooled phase change material 2-4, and the phase change material 2-4 changes from a liquid state to a solid state and crystallizes and releases heat. At this time, the seawater temperature is lower than the above set threshold. The crystallization and heat release of the phase change material 2-4 cause a temperature difference between the inside of the liquid storage box 1-10 and the external seawater, resulting in a temperature difference on both sides of the Peltier power generation chip 1-7 for power generation.

[0021] Among them, the phase change material 2-4 has a suitable phase change temperature, a large supercooling characteristic, and supercooling stability. The phase change material 2-4 includes but is not limited to calcium chloride hexahydrate. The low-temperature heat pipes 1-1 are arranged in a triangular arrangement. The Peltier power generation chips 1-7 are pasted on the surface of the liquid storage box 1-10 in a linear array manner through thermal conductive silicone. Wires connect all the Peltier power generation chips 1-7 in series and are connected to the battery 1-9 through a voltage regulator 1-8.

[0022] Furthermore, lubricating oil is added during the internal processing of the liquid storage box 1-10 to form a protective film to reduce surface friction and roughness and prevent heterogeneous nucleation crystallization of the supercooled phase change material.

[0023] Furthermore, a voltage regulator 1-8 is used to regulate the unstable voltage output by the Peltier power generation chip 1-7 due to temperature difference fluctuations, and the battery is charged with a constant voltage. A trigger rod lifting controller 1-4 is used to control the up and down movement of the crystallization nucleation trigger rod 1-2 to realize the nucleation crystallization of the phase change material in the supercooled state.

[0024] Furthermore, the low-temperature heat pipe 1-1 is a highly efficient phase change heat transfer device with a small thermal resistance, which transfers low-grade energy from the evaporation end to the condensation end. The organic composite phase change material is a highly efficient energy storage material with the advantage of maintaining the temperature stability of the system. By adopting a smooth inner surface and a nucleation trigger rod, the heterogeneous nucleation problem of the supercooled phase change material is solved. The above-mentioned heat storage management scheme coupling the low-temperature heat pipe 1-1 with the phase change material of calcium chloride hexahydrate combines the advantages of both.

[0025] Embodiment

[0026] When the thermoelectric power generation device is on the surface of the sea water, the tropical sea surface temperature is about 30°C. When the temperature is higher than 25°C, the working fluid inside the low-temperature heat pipe 1-1 starts to conduct heat. The heat pipe working fluid absorbs heat and changes from liquid to gas. In the vacuum state inside the pipe, as the gas pressure in the evaporation section 2-1 increases, the gas working fluid is pushed by the pressure and passes through the adiabatic section 2-2 into the heat pipe condensation section 2-3. In the condensation section 2-3, the temperature of the solid phase change material is low, and the gaseous working fluid in the heat pipe is cooled and liquefied, and the released heat is absorbed by the phase change material 2-4. The liquid working fluid returns to the evaporation section 2-1 under the capillary action of the wick and enters the next cycle. The phase change material 2-4 absorbs low-grade thermal energy from the solid state and melts into a liquid. When the phase change material 2-4 is completely melted, the device starts to dive. During the diving process, the sea water temperature gradually decreases. When the boiling point of the working fluid in the heat pipe evaporation section 2-1 is higher than the sea water temperature, the heat pipe stops conducting heat. The phase change material 2-4 maintains the liquid state due to supercooling. When the thermoelectric power generation device sinks to the seabed about 1000 meters deep, the surrounding sea water temperature is about 4°C. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, when the temperature sensor 1-3 measures the temperature at the measuring point 4-1 in the phase change material to be 4°C, it outputs a temperature sensing signal to the trigger rod lifting controller 1-4, and starts the trigger rod 1-2 to descend into the phase change material to induce its crystallization, releasing a large amount of latent heat. At this time, heat is transferred from the wall thickness of the box body and the thermal conductive silicone to one side of the Peltier element 1-7 to form a hot end, and the other side contacts the low-temperature sea water to form a cold end. The Peltier outputs electric energy to the voltage regulator 1-8 under this temperature difference, and finally outputs a stable voltage to the storage battery.

[0027] An energy storage type ocean thermal energy conversion system disclosed by the present invention utilizes a calcium chloride phase change material with large supercooling characteristics to achieve efficient storage and conversion of low-grade energy of sea water. At the same time, combined with the low-temperature heat pipe design, the heat pipe is set to start conducting heat when the temperature is higher than 25°C and stop conducting heat when the temperature is lower than this value, thereby further improving the energy efficiency and stability of the system.

[0028] The present invention provides a novel and efficient solution for ocean energy development, with good application prospects and economic value.

[0029] As described above, it is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent substitutions or changes should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage type ocean temperature difference power generation system, characterized in that include: A liquid storage box (1-10), wherein the liquid storage box (1-10) is filled with a phase change material (2-4), low-temperature heat pipes (1-1) are inserted at the front and rear sides of the liquid storage box (1-10), and the low-temperature heat pipes (1-1) are extended to the outside of the liquid storage box (1-10), and the other four sides of the liquid storage box (1-10) are provided with a plurality of Peltier power generation sheets (1-7), and the Peltier power generation sheets (1-7) are connected to a battery voltage regulator (1-8), and the battery voltage regulator (1-8) is connected to a battery (1-9), and the upper surface of the liquid storage box (1-10) is connected to a crystallization nucleation trigger rod (1-2), and the crystallization nucleation trigger rod (1-2) is connected to a trigger rod lifting controller (1-4); The system also includes a temperature sensor (1-3) for collecting temperature information of the inner wall of the liquid storage tank (1-10). The temperature sensor (1-3) transmits the collected temperature information to the trigger rod lifting controller (1-4). When the collected temperature is lower than a set threshold, the trigger rod lifting controller (1-4) controls the crystallization nucleation trigger rod (1-2) to descend. The crystallization nucleation trigger rod (1-2) touches the supercooled phase change material (2-4). The phase change material (2-4) changes from liquid to solid and crystallizes to release heat. At this time, the seawater temperature is lower than the set threshold. The phase change material (2-4) crystallizes to release heat, resulting in a temperature difference between the internal temperature of the liquid storage tank (1-10) and the external seawater, resulting in a temperature difference between the two sides of the Peltier power generation sheet (1-7) to generate electricity.

2. The energy storage type ocean temperature difference power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature heat pipe (1-1) comprises an evaporation section (2-1), an insulation section (2-2) and a condensation section (2-3); the low-temperature heat pipe (1-1) is connected to a liquid storage box (1-10) via an insulation material (1-6); the evaporation section (2-1) is arranged in seawater, the insulation section (2-2) is arranged in the insulation material (1-6), and the condensation section (2-3) is arranged in a phase change material (2-4).

3. The energy storage type ocean temperature difference power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Peltier power generation sheets (1-7) are adhered to the surface of the liquid storage box (1-10) in a linear array manner through heat-conductive silica gel.

4. The energy storage type ocean temperature difference power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (1-3) is arranged in the phase change material (2-4) and is close to the wall surface of the liquid storage box (1-10).

5. The energy storage type ocean temperature difference power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase change material (2-4) is calcium chloride hexahydrate.

6. The energy storage type ocean temperature difference power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that The low-temperature heat pipe (1-1) is provided with a start-up temperature. When the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the heat pipe starts to conduct heat. When the temperature is lower than the set value, the heat pipe stops working.

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