Methods and compositions for enhancing muscle performance

Abstract

A method of enhancing muscle performance in a mammal comprising administering to the mammal a composition comprising an effective amount of a vegetable protein hydrolysate is disclosed. Also disclosed is a composition comprising an effective amount of a vegetable protein hydrolysate for use in improving muscle performance in mammals. The method and the composition provided by the invention can be used for improving the reduction of athletic ability caused by muscle injury; the muscle soreness is relieved; relieving or combating muscle injury; or inflammatory response is reduced.

Description

Methods and compositions for enhancing muscle performance Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of dietary or nutritional supplements, and specifically relates to a method and composition for improving muscle performance in mammals, especially improving the decline in athletic ability caused by muscle damage; relieving muscle soreness; relieving or combating muscle damage; or reducing inflammatory responses. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there is a growing demand for dietary or nutritional supplements aimed at improving individual health and reducing disease risk; more often, athletes use dietary or nutritional supplements to improve strength and performance.

[0003] It is well known that skeletal muscle damage induced by resistance-based exercise promotes micro-damage to muscle fibers, which may lead to a temporary increase in passive tension, delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), decreased force production, and increased intramuscular protein influx into the bloodstream. The degree of damage and discomfort may increase over time and persist over time, especially in those who regularly engage in strenuous exercise or complete periods of excessive exercise.

[0004] Plant-based proteins, such as those derived from soy, pea, wheat, rice, algae, and hemp, have gained considerable traction over the past few years. Growing demand for clean-label foods and beverages, coupled with the increasing number of vegetarians in European countries, primarily for environmental and health reasons, has driven demand for plant-based proteins. Clarified vegetable protein (CVP) is an innovative plant-based protein sourced from sources such as soy, pea, rice, mung bean, and hemp seeds.

[0005] Studies have demonstrated that plant-based proteins can build muscle, fight fatigue, and enhance athletic performance. However, published research and reviews lack a clear consensus that supplementing plant-based protein hydrolysates before, during, and after eccentric resistance exercise can reduce muscle damage and accelerate recovery. Extracting plant-based proteins that can reduce muscle damage and accelerate recovery could fully tap the potential of plant-based protein resources and contribute to human exercise and health.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for improving muscle performance in a mammal, comprising administering to the mammal a composition comprising an effective amount of a plant protein hydrolysate.

[0008] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolyzate is selected from one or more of hydrolyzed pea protein and hydrolyzed soy protein.

[0009] In some embodiments, improving muscle performance includes improving exercise capacity decreased due to muscle damage; relieving muscle soreness; relieving or counteracting muscle damage; or reducing inflammatory responses.

[0010] In some embodiments, improving the decline in athletic ability caused by muscle injury includes improving bench press ability, vertical jump height and leg back strength; relieving muscle soreness includes relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness; relieving or counteracting muscle injury includes lowering or controlling serum myoglobin and creatine kinase; reducing inflammatory response includes lowering or controlling one or more inflammatory factors: IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and C-reactive protein.

[0011] In some embodiments, the composition is prepared in the form of a food, beverage, nutritional supplement, animal feed, or pharmaceutical composition.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is administered at a daily dose of 0.1-500 g. In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is administered at a daily dose of 0.1-500 g, 1-400 g, 2-300 g, 3-200 g, 5-100 g.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is formulated into a solution, a liquid suspension, a parenteral solution, an injection, a tablet, a pill, a granule, a powder, a film, a (micro)capsule, an aerosol, a tonic or syrup, a beverage, a nutritional product, a snack, a bar, a chewing gum, a candy, or a functionalized food composition.

[0014] In some embodiments, administration is by a route selected from oral, intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, or sublingual administration.

[0015] In another aspect, the present invention provides a composition comprising an effective amount of a plant protein hydrolyzate for improving muscle performance in a mammal.

[0016] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolyzate is selected from one or more of hydrolyzed pea protein and hydrolyzed soy protein.

[0017] In some embodiments, improving muscle performance includes improving exercise capacity decreased due to muscle damage; relieving muscle soreness; relieving or counteracting muscle damage; or reducing inflammatory responses.

[0018] In some embodiments, improving the decline in athletic ability caused by muscle injury includes improving bench press ability, vertical jump height and leg back strength; relieving muscle soreness includes relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness; relieving or counteracting muscle injury includes lowering or controlling serum myoglobin and creatine kinase; reducing inflammatory response includes lowering or controlling one or more inflammatory factors: IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and C-reactive protein.

[0019] In some embodiments, the composition is prepared in the form of a food, beverage, nutritional supplement, animal feed, or pharmaceutical composition.

[0020] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is administered at a daily dose of 0.1-500 g. In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is administered at a daily dose of 0.1-500 g, 1-400 g, 2-300 g, 3-200 g, 5-100 g.

[0021] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is formulated into a solution, a liquid suspension, a parenteral solution, an injection, a tablet, a pill, a granule, a powder, a film, a (micro)capsule, an aerosol, a tonic or syrup, a beverage, a nutritional product, a snack, a bar, a chewing gum, a candy, or a functionalized food composition.

[0022] In another aspect, the present invention provides a use of a composition for preparing a food, a beverage, a nutritional supplement, an animal feed or a pharmaceutical composition for improving muscle performance in a mammal, wherein the composition comprises an effective amount of a plant protein hydrolyzate.

[0023] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolyzate is selected from one or more of hydrolyzed pea protein and hydrolyzed soy protein.

[0024] In some embodiments, improving muscle performance includes improving exercise capacity decreased due to muscle damage; relieving muscle soreness; relieving or counteracting muscle damage; or reducing inflammatory responses.

[0025] In some embodiments, improving the decline in athletic ability caused by muscle injury includes improving bench press ability, vertical jump height and leg back strength; relieving muscle soreness includes relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness; relieving or counteracting muscle injury includes lowering or controlling serum myoglobin and creatine kinase; reducing inflammatory response includes lowering or controlling one or more inflammatory factors: IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and C-reactive protein.

[0026] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is administered at a daily dose of 0.1-500 g. In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is administered at a daily dose of 0.1-500 g, 1-400 g, 2-300 g, 3-200 g, 5-100 g.

[0027] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate is formulated into a solution, a liquid suspension, a parenteral solution, an injection, a tablet, a pill, a granule, a powder, a film, a (micro)capsule, an aerosol, a tonic or syrup, a beverage, a nutritional product, a snack, a bar, a chewing gum, a candy, or a functionalized food composition.

[0028] Compared to existing technologies, the compositions and methods of the present invention can improve muscle performance, particularly improving athletic performance due to muscle damage; relieve muscle soreness; alleviate or combat muscle damage; or reduce inflammatory responses, thereby improving human exercise and health. Furthermore, plant protein hydrolysates are environmentally friendly and can fully utilize the potential of plant protein resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 shows the changes in delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) scores of the three groups of subjects after squat exercise.

[0030] Figure 2 shows the changes in serum myoglobin concentrations among the three groups of subjects.

[0031] FIG3 is a graph showing changes in serum creatine kinase (CK) concentrations in the three groups of subjects.

[0032] FIG4 a is a graph showing changes in TNF-α levels among the three groups of subjects.

[0033] Figure 4b shows the changes in IL-6 levels among the three groups of subjects.

[0034] Figure 4c shows the changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels among the three groups of subjects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments thereof. Although the present invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that they are not intended to limit the present invention to these embodiments. On the contrary, the present invention is intended to cover substitutions, modifications and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the claims. In addition, in the detailed description of the present invention, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In other cases, well-known methods, procedures, components and other features are not described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring various aspects of the present invention.

[0036] As used herein, the term "or" is intended to include "and" and "or." In other words, the term "or" can also be replaced with "and / or."

[0037] As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0038] As used herein, the term "comprises" or "includes" or variations thereof refers to instances where the term is used in its non-limiting sense, meaning that items following the term are included, but items not specifically mentioned are not excluded. It also includes the more restrictive verbs 'consisting essentially of' and 'consisting of.'

[0039] As used herein, the terms "about" and "approximately" provide flexibility in numerical values ​​by providing that a given value may be "slightly above" or "less than" an endpoint. The flexibility of this term can be determined by the particular variable and is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art to determine based on experience and the relevant description herein.

[0040] As used herein, the term "effective amount" refers to the amount required to achieve the effects taught herein. The specific effective dosage level for any particular subject will depend on a variety of factors, including the severity of the indication being treated; the specific composition used; the subject's age, weight, general health, sex, and diet; the time of administration, route of administration, and excretion rate of the plant protein hydrolyzate used; the duration of administration; and similar factors well known in the medical field. For example, it is well known in the art to start the dose at a level lower than that required to achieve the desired effect and gradually increase the dose until the desired effect is achieved.

[0041] One skilled in the art recognizes that an amount may be considered "effective" even if the sign or condition is not completely eradicated or prevented, but it or its symptoms and / or effects are partially ameliorated or alleviated in the subject.

[0042] As used herein, the terms "mammal" or "subject" are used interchangeably to refer to any animal to which the methods and compositions of the present disclosure can be applied or administered. An animal may be suffering from an illness or other disease, but an animal does not need to be sick to benefit from the methods and compositions of the present disclosure. Thus, any animal can utilize the disclosed compositions or be a recipient of the disclosed methods. "Mammal" includes, but is not limited to, mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, dogs, cats, sheep, goats, cattle, horses, primates, such as monkeys, chimpanzees, and apes, and particularly humans. Although the animal subject is preferably a human, the methods and compositions of the present invention are also applicable to veterinary medicine.

[0043] The scope of the dosage of plant protein hydrolysate and / or the composition comprising it can be very wide, and this depends on required effect and indication.The daily application scheme of adult human patient can be for example per kilogram subject's body weight 0.1-10g plant protein hydrolysate, preferably 0.2-8g, 0.3-6g, 0.5-5g, or the oral dose of 1-3g plant protein hydrolysate.According to the needs of experimenter, dosage can be the single dose or twice or more dosage given in one day or multi-day process.In some embodiments, these compounds are continuously applied for a period of time, for example one week or longer time, or several months or years.

[0044] As used herein, the term "administer" refers to the process of delivering the disclosed compositions or active ingredients to a subject. The compositions of the present invention can be administered in various suitable ways to achieve the desired effect, including oral, intragastric, and parenteral (referring to intravenous and intraarterial and other suitable parenteral routes), etc.

[0045] Various techniques of administering the compositions exist in the art including, but not limited to, oral, rectal, topical, aerosol, injection, and parenteral delivery, including intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramedullary, intrathecal, intracerebroventricular, intraperitoneal, intranasal, and intraocular injections.

[0046] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysates of the present invention and / or compositions comprising the same can be prepared as compositions together with a dietary or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Such carriers include non-toxic compatible substances commonly used in health foods, dietary supplements, and pharmaceutical preparations, such as sugars, starches, cellulose and its derivatives, powdered tragacanth gum, malt, gelatin, talc, oils, glycols, polyols, esters, agar, alginic acid, pyrogen-free water, isotonic saline, and the like.

[0047] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysates of the present invention and / or compositions comprising the same may be administered with other supplements, such as vitamins, minerals, nootropics, and other supplements known in the art.

[0048] In some embodiments, the plant protein hydrolysate of the present invention and / or a composition comprising the same can be provided in a solid or powder form. Such a solid form composition can be formulated to have sufficient ease of operation and manufacturability. The composition can be provided in a liquid form, such as an injection or oral spray for rapid delivery and absorption. The liquid form can include one or more liquid carriers, such as water, ethanol, glycerol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, etc.

[0049] In some embodiments, the compositions of the present invention may be administered as a suppository, tablet, pill, granule, powder, film, capsule, beverage, aerosol, alcohol, tincture, tonic, liquid suspension, or syrup.

[0050] The following examples are illustrative of selected embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0051] Example

[0052] Fifteen young men (age 22.3+1.5 years, height 175.4+6.7 cm, weight 86.4+15.6 kg) with several years (5.3+2.5 years) of resistance training experience and self-reported average training time of 7.3+2.1 hours per week were selected and randomly divided into three groups: hydrolyzed pea protein group (PPH), hydrolyzed soy protein group (SPH) and pure water group (water); the subjects were required not to consume additional protein supplements (such as whey, casein) during the study.

[0053] During the 8-day study, subjects engaged in normal physical activity and food intake, except where otherwise noted. The PPH group consumed 20g of hydrolyzed pea protein dissolved in 250ml of water; the SPH group consumed 20g of hydrolyzed soy protein dissolved in 250ml of water; and the pure water group consumed 250ml of pure water. All groups were double-blinded and maintained in shake bottles.

[0054] On day 1, subjects had their serum levels measured in a fasting state (baseline). The three groups then consumed hydrolyzed pea protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, or pure water, followed by three physical fitness tests (baseline). On days 2-4, only hydrolyzed pea protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, or pure water were consumed each morning. On the morning of day 5 (training day), subjects performed squats in a fasting state and immediately consumed hydrolyzed pea protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, or pure water. Serum levels were measured 4, 24, 48, and 72 hours after exercise, and the delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) scale was completed 1, 2, 4, 24, 48, and 72 hours after exercise. On the mornings of days 6, 7, and 8, subjects had their serum levels measured in a fasting state and filled out a pain index scale (data from 24, 48, and 72 hours after exercise, respectively). After consuming hydrolyzed pea protein, hydrolyzed soy protein, or pure water, they performed three physical fitness tests.

[0055] Example 1 Physical Fitness Test

[0056] The test measures the subject's bench press ability, vertical jump height, and leg and back strength. While bench pressing to exhaustion, the subject lies flat on a bench and, at a rate of 30 reps per minute, pushes a barbell weighing 75% of their body weight as many times as possible. In the vertical jump test, the subject jumps as high as possible and taps a measuring device with one hand. The difference between the jump height and the standing height is recorded. The test is repeated three times, and the best score is recorded. Leg / lower back strength is assessed using a dynamometer: With the knees slightly bent, the subject straightens their arms, grasps a bar connected to the dynamometer by a chain, and then lifts with maximal force for a few seconds. The test is repeated three times, and the best score is recorded.

[0057] The results of the physical fitness test are shown in the following table:

[0058] The table above shows that squats cause muscle damage, with all three fitness tests significantly declining in all groups on day 6. However, over time, the bench press performance of the SPH and PPH groups improved significantly, returning to baseline levels by day 8. Vertical jump heights in the SPH and PPH groups increased significantly by days 7 and 8, respectively, surpassing those of the pure water group. Leg back strength also gradually recovered in all groups over time, with both the SPH and PPH groups exceeding baseline levels by day 8. This suggests that CVP can mitigate the decline in athletic performance caused by muscle damage, with the SPH group showing a more pronounced effect.

[0059] Example 2 Muscle Soreness Index Scoring

[0060] The subjects performed three sets of 20 squats, with 30 seconds of rest between each set. This eccentric exercise (squats) is effective in inducing muscle damage.

[0061] Participants were asked to rate their perceived muscle soreness using a VAS scale. At each time point (1, 2, 4, 24, 48, and 72 hours after the squat exercise), pain was assessed by drawing a continuous line perpendicular to the line from 0 to 10 cm (0 cm = no pain, 10 cm = extreme pain). Pain was assessed by measuring the distance from each mark from 0 and rounding it off to the nearest tenth of a centimeter.

[0062] Figure 1 shows the changes in delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) scores after squat exercise in the three groups. As shown in Figure 1, the exercise regimen induced DOMS in all groups. VAS scores in the SPH and PPH groups peaked 24 hours after exercise and then began to decline. VAS scores in the pure water group peaked 48 hours after exercise and then began to decline. At every time point, VAS scores in the SPH and PPH groups were significantly lower than those in the pure water group. This suggests that CVP can effectively alleviate post-exercise muscle soreness.

[0063] Example 3 Evaluation of serum biochemical indicators

[0064] Blood sample analysis: The primary outcome measure was serum muscle damage biomarkers, and the secondary outcome measure was inflammatory markers. Blood samples were collected in serum separator tubes, centrifuged, and analyzed for serum myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK), inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and comprehensive diagnostic chemistry using corresponding test kits.

[0065] Figure 2 shows the changes in serum myoglobin concentrations among the three groups of subjects. As shown in Figure 2, serum myoglobin concentrations peaked 4 hours after squat exercise and then declined. Serum myoglobin concentrations in the SPH and PPH groups were lower than those in the pure water group at every time point, with the SPH group showing the lowest concentration. The decrease in serum myoglobin concentration in the CVP group suggests that CVP alleviates muscle damage. This suggests that CVP can effectively reduce or control serum myoglobin and alleviate muscle damage after exercise.

[0066] Figure 3 shows the changes in serum creatine kinase (CK) concentrations in the three groups of subjects. As shown in Figure 3, after squatting, CK concentrations in the SPH and PPH groups peaked at 24 hours and then began to decline significantly. CK concentrations in the pure water group increased significantly between 4 and 24 hours, peaked at 48 hours, and then began to decline. At every time point, CK concentrations in the SPH and PPH groups were significantly lower than those in the pure water group. This suggests that CVP can effectively reduce or control serum CK and alleviate post-exercise muscle damage.

[0067] Figures 4a-4b show changes in serum inflammatory cytokine levels. Figure 4a shows changes in TNF-α levels in all three groups. As shown in Figure 4a, TNF-α levels peaked 4 hours after exercise in all three groups. TNF-α levels in the SPH and PPH groups were lower than in the water group at 24, 48, and 72 hours after exercise. Figure 4b shows changes in IL-6 levels in all three groups. As shown in Figure 4b, IL-6 levels peaked 4 hours after exercise in all three groups. Although IL-6 levels in the SPH group were slightly higher 4 hours after exercise, they became significantly lower than in the water group, similar to the PPH group, by 24 hours after exercise. Figure 4c shows changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in all three groups. As shown in Figure 4c, CRP levels peaked 24 hours after squat exercise in all three groups and then declined. CRP levels in the SPH and PPH groups were significantly lower than in the water group at every time point after squat exercise. Serum inflammatory cytokine concentrations in the plant protein hydrolyzed (CVP) group were all lower after exercise than in the water group. This shows that CVP can effectively reduce or control inflammatory factors.

[0068] In summary, CVP can improve the decline in exercise capacity caused by muscle damage and improve exercise performance; effectively relieve muscle soreness after exercise, such as DOMS; effectively relieve or combat muscle damage after exercise; and effectively reduce or control the level of inflammatory factors and reduce inflammatory responses.

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for improving muscle performance in a mammal, characterized in that The method comprises administering to the mammal a composition comprising an effective amount of a plant protein hydrolysate.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is selected from one or more of hydrolyzed pea protein and hydrolyzed soy protein.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that Improving muscle performance includes improving the decline in exercise capacity caused by muscle damage; relieving muscle soreness; relieving or combating muscle damage; or reducing inflammatory response.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The improvement of the decline in athletic ability caused by muscle damage includes improving bench press ability, vertical jump height and leg back strength; the relief of muscle soreness includes relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness; the relief or counteraction of muscle damage includes lowering or controlling serum myoglobin and creatine kinase; the reduction of inflammatory response includes lowering or controlling one or more inflammatory factors: IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and C-reactive protein.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The composition is prepared in the form of food, beverage, nutritional supplement, animal feed or pharmaceutical composition.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is administered in a daily dose of 0.1-500 g.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is formulated into solutions, liquid suspensions, parenteral solutions, injections, tablets, pills, granules, powders, films, (micro)capsules, aerosols, tonics or syrups, beverages, nutritional products, snacks, bars, chewing gums, candies or functionalized food compositions.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The administration is performed by a route selected from oral, intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal or sublingual administration.

9. A composition comprising an effective amount of plant protein hydrolysate, characterized in that: The composition is used to enhance muscle performance in a mammal.

10. The composition according to claim 9, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is selected from one or more of hydrolyzed pea protein and hydrolyzed soy protein.

11. The composition according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that Improving muscle performance includes improving the decline in exercise capacity caused by muscle damage; relieving muscle soreness; relieving or combating muscle damage; or reducing inflammatory response.

12. The composition according to claim 11, characterized in that The improvement of the decline in athletic ability caused by muscle damage includes improving bench press ability, vertical jump height and leg back strength; the relief of muscle soreness includes relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness; the relief or counteraction of muscle damage includes lowering or controlling serum myoglobin and creatine kinase; the reduction of inflammatory response includes lowering or controlling one or more inflammatory factors: IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and C-reactive protein.

13. The composition according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that The composition is prepared in the form of food, beverage, nutritional supplement, animal feed or pharmaceutical composition.

14. The composition according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is administered in a daily dose of 0.1-500 g.

15. The composition according to any one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is formulated into a solution, a liquid suspension, a parenteral solution, an injection, a tablet, a pill, a granule, a powder, a film, a (micro)capsule, an aerosol, a tonic or a syrup, a beverage, a nutritional product, a snack, a bar, a chewing gum, a candy or a functionalized food composition.

16. Use of a composition for preparing a food, beverage, nutritional supplement, animal feed or pharmaceutical composition for improving muscle performance in a mammal, characterized in that: The composition comprises an effective amount of plant protein hydrolysate.

17. The use according to claim 16, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is selected from one or more of hydrolyzed pea protein and hydrolyzed soy protein.

18. The use according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that Improving muscle performance includes improving the decline in exercise capacity caused by muscle damage; relieving muscle soreness; relieving or combating muscle damage; or reducing inflammatory response.

19. The use according to claim 18, characterized in that The improvement of the decline in athletic ability caused by muscle damage includes improving bench press ability, vertical jump height and leg back strength; the relief of muscle soreness includes relieving delayed-onset muscle soreness; the relief or counteraction of muscle damage includes lowering or controlling serum myoglobin and creatine kinase; the reduction of inflammatory response includes lowering or controlling one or more inflammatory factors: IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and C-reactive protein.

20. The use according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is administered in a daily dose of 0.1-500 g.

21. The use according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that The plant protein hydrolysate is formulated into a solution, a liquid suspension, a parenteral solution, an injection, a tablet, a pill, a granule, a powder, a film, a (micro)capsule, an aerosol, a tonic or a syrup, a beverage, a nutritional product, a snack, a bar, a chewing gum, a candy or a functionalized food composition.

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