Battery pack

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery pack comprising: a plurality of battery modules (100), each battery module comprising one or more battery cells and a module housing (120), the one or more battery cells being disposed on the module housing and the module housing being at least partially open upward; a pack case (200) in which the plurality of battery modules (100) are disposed; and one or more module covers (300) covering upper portions of the plurality of battery modules (100). In each of the battery modules (100), at least one of the module case (120) and the pack case (200) of the battery module (100) and the module cover (300) may define a predetermined space (S) that accommodates one or more battery cells of the battery module (100) and is closed on all sides. Different predetermined spaces (S) for accommodating one or more battery cells of different battery modules (100) may be formed separately from each other. The height position of the upper end of the predetermined space (S) may be higher than the height position of the upper ends of the one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space (S).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0156748, filed on November 21, 2022, and the entire contents disclosed in the document of the patent application are incorporated as part of this specification.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery pack, and more particularly to a battery pack that promotes delay of heat propagation and suppression of thermal runaway at low cost using a simple configuration. Background Art

[0003] A secondary battery refers to a battery that can be charged and discharged, unlike a primary battery that cannot be recharged. These secondary batteries are used as power sources in small high-tech electronic devices such as mobile phones, PDAs, and laptop computers, as well as in energy storage systems (ESSs), electric vehicles (EVs), or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).

[0004] A battery module 100 refers to a device in which a plurality of secondary batteries (hereinafter referred to as battery cells) are connected in series or in parallel. When some battery cells inside the battery module 100 have problems such as a short circuit and the temperature of the battery cells exceeds a critical temperature, a thermal runaway phenomenon may occur.

[0005] Heat, flames, etc. generated by a thermal runaway phenomenon in some battery cells inside the battery module 100 increase the temperature of other cells, which may cause the thermal runaway phenomenon to spread to other battery cells. When the thermal runaway phenomenon rapidly spreads to other battery cells, the possibility of the battery module 100 catching fire or exploding increases. Therefore, it is necessary to delay heat transfer between battery cells or between battery modules 100.

[0006] In this regard, Korean Patent No. 10-2332128 provides a battery pack that can delay / prevent the spread of a thermal runaway phenomenon by installing a silicon sponge pad between battery cells.

[0007] However, when a special pad is installed between battery cells to delay heat transfer between battery cells, the manufacturing cost and size of the battery module 100 / battery pack increase. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical Problem

[0009] To solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack that can delay heat propagation (TP) and suppress the deterioration of thermal runaway (TR) at low cost using a simple configuration.

[0010] An object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack having a simple structure to reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0011] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the above objects. Other objects and advantages not described in the present invention can be understood through the following description and will be more clearly understood through the examples of the present invention. Additionally, it is obvious that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be implemented by the means and combinations shown in the claims.

[0012] Technical Solution

[0013] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a battery pack, which includes a plurality of battery modules 100, a battery pack housing 200, and one or more module covers 300.

[0014] Each of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more battery cells and a module housing 120.

[0015] One or more battery cells may be accommodated in the module housing 120.

[0016] The module housing 120 may be at least partially open upward.

[0017] The plurality of battery modules 100 may be accommodated in the battery pack housing 200.

[0018] One or more module covers 300 may cover the upper part of the plurality of battery modules 100.

[0019] In each battery module 100, at least one of the module housing 120 of the battery module 100 and the battery pack housing 200 and the module cover 300 may define a predetermined space S.

[0020] The predetermined space S may accommodate one or more battery cells of the battery module 100.

[0021] The predetermined space S may be blocked on all sides.

[0022] The different predetermined spaces S that accommodate one or more battery cells of different battery modules 100 may be separated from each other.

[0023] The height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S may be higher than the height position of the upper end of one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space S.

[0024] In one embodiment, the distance D between the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S and the height position of the upper end of one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space S may be equal to or greater than 1 / 15 of the vertical length L of one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space S and equal to or less than one time the vertical length L.

[0025] In one embodiment, at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110.

[0026] Each of the plurality of blocks 110 may include one or more battery cells.

[0027] A predetermined space S of each of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 includes a plurality of block spaces BS respectively corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110.

[0028] Each of the plurality of block spaces BS may accommodate one or more battery cells included in each of the plurality of blocks 110 corresponding to each of the plurality of block spaces BS.

[0029] The plurality of block spaces BS may be separated from each other.

[0030] The height position of the upper end of each of the plurality of block spaces BS is higher than the height position of the upper end of one or more battery cells accommodated in each of the plurality of block spaces BS.

[0031] In one embodiment, a module housing 120 of each of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more partition walls 122.

[0032] One or more partition walls 122 may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction.

[0033] One or more partition walls 122 may separate a plurality of different block spaces BS.

[0034] Each of one or more module covers 300 covering the upper part of each of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 or at least a part of one or more module covers 300 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320.

[0035] One or more ribs 320 may protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310.

[0036] One or more ribs 320 may respectively correspond to one or more partition walls 122.

[0037] One or more ribs 320 may extend along one or more partition walls 122 when projected onto a horizontal plane so as to be adjacent to or in contact with one or more partition walls 122 respectively.

[0038] The plurality of block spaces BS may be separated by one or more partition walls 122 and one or more ribs 320.

[0039] Therefore, the plurality of block spaces BS may be separated from each other.

[0040] In one embodiment, a through hole 214 that connects the inside and the outside of a predetermined space S and can be opened and closed may be provided at a module housing 120, a battery pack housing 200, or one or more module covers 300 that define the predetermined space S.

[0041] When the pressure in the predetermined space S is less than a threshold value, the through hole 214 may remain closed, and when the pressure in the predetermined space S is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the through hole 214 may be opened.

[0042] In one embodiment, a plurality of through holes 214 may be provided.

[0043] Each of the plurality of through holes 214 may correspond to the predetermined space S of each of the plurality of battery modules 100.

[0044] The battery pack housing 200 may further include a plurality of blocking plates 230.

[0045] The plurality of blocking plates 230 may be respectively mounted adjacent to the plurality of through holes 214.

[0046] The plurality of blocking plates 230 may respectively block the plurality of through holes 214.

[0047] When the pressure in the predetermined space S corresponding to the through hole 214 blocked by the blocking plate 230 is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the blocking plate 230 blocking the through hole 214 is damaged to open the through hole 214.

[0048] Thus, when the pressure in the predetermined space S is less than the threshold value, the through hole 214 remains in a closed state, and when the pressure in the predetermined space S is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the through hole 214 is opened.

[0049] In one embodiment, the battery pack housing 200 may include an accommodation space C and a first flow space U1.

[0050] The plurality of battery modules 100 may also be accommodated in the accommodation space C.

[0051] The first flow space U1 may be provided on one side of the accommodation space C in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction.

[0052] The gas generated from the plurality of battery modules 100 may flow in the first flow space U1.

[0053] The plurality of battery modules 100 may be accommodated side by side in the accommodation space C in a second direction intersecting the vertical direction and the first direction.

[0054] Therefore, one or more module covers 300 and the plurality of predetermined spaces S may be arranged or provided side by side in the second direction.

[0055] A through hole 214 corresponding to a predetermined space S may be provided on one side of the predetermined space S in a first direction.

[0056] For each predetermined space S, the through hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space S may connect the predetermined space S to a first flow space U1.

[0057] In one embodiment, at least one battery module among a plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110.

[0058] Each of the plurality of blocks 110 may include one or more battery cells.

[0059] The predetermined space S of each of at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of block spaces BS respectively corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110.

[0060] Each block space BS may accommodate one or more battery cells included in the block 110 corresponding to the block space BS.

[0061] The plurality of block spaces BS may be separated from each other.

[0062] The height position of the upper end of each of the plurality of block spaces BS is higher than the height position of the upper end of one or more battery cells accommodated in each of the plurality of block spaces BS.

[0063] The module housing 120 of each of at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more partition walls 122.

[0064] One or more partition walls 122 may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a second direction.

[0065] One or more partition walls 122 may separate a plurality of block spaces BS different from each other.

[0066] Each of one or more module covers 300 covering the upper part of each of at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 or at least a part of one or more module covers 300 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320.

[0067] One or more ribs 320 may protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310.

[0068] One or more ribs 320 may respectively correspond to one or more partition walls 122.

[0069] One or more ribs 320 may extend along one or more partition walls 122 when projected onto a horizontal plane so as to be adjacent to or in contact with one or more partition walls 122 respectively.

[0070] A plurality of block spaces BS may be separated by one or more partition walls 122 and one or more ribs 320.

[0071] Therefore, the plurality of block spaces BS may be separated from each other.

[0072] Through holes 214 corresponding to a predetermined space S in each of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 may connect the plurality of block spaces BS to the outside of the battery module 100.

[0073] In one embodiment, one or more partition walls 122 and one or more ribs 320 may extend in a first direction.

[0074] One or more partition walls 122 and one or more ribs 320 may be arranged side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0075] Through holes 214 corresponding to a predetermined space S in each of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 may connect the plurality of block spaces BS to the outside of the battery module 100 when the pressure in any one of the plurality of block spaces BS increases.

[0076] In one embodiment, at least one of one or more module covers 300 may include an upper frame 310 and a separation wall 330.

[0077] The separation wall 330 may project downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310.

[0078] The separation wall 330 is disposed between the side walls of the module housings 120 of a pair of battery modules 100 that are adjacent to each other laterally.

[0079] Beneficial effects

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a battery pack may include: a plurality of battery modules 100, wherein each of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more battery cells and a module case 120, the one or more battery cells being received in the module case 120 and the module case 120 being at least partially open upward; a battery pack case 200 in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are received; and one or more module covers 300 that cover the upper portions of the plurality of battery modules 100. At least one of the module case 120 of each of the plurality of battery modules 100 and the battery pack case 200 and the module cover 300 define a predetermined space S that is blocked on all sides and houses one or more battery cells in each of the plurality of battery modules 100. The different predetermined spaces S that house the different battery cells of the different battery modules 100 are separated from each other. The height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S is higher than the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells housed in the predetermined space S.

[0081] Accordingly, for each battery module 100, an empty space in which the gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cells of the battery module 100 stagnates may be provided in a separate predetermined space S. Thus, even when gas and / or heat is generated due to thermal runaway in any one of the battery modules 100, the gas and / or heat does not rapidly diffuse / transfer to other battery modules 100 by stagnating in the empty space for a period of time. Accordingly, heat propagation may be delayed. Here, heat propagation may refer to a phenomenon in which the battery module 100 / battery cell in which thermal runaway occurs causes cascading thermal runaway in other battery modules 100 / battery cells.

[0082] In particular, since the empty space is provided above the battery cells, the high-temperature gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cells may be at least partially separated from the battery cells and remain in the upper portion of the battery cells. Accordingly, the deterioration of thermal runaway occurring in the battery cells may be prevented or delayed.

[0083] In addition, with a simple configuration, heat propagation can be easily delayed at low cost, and the deterioration of thermal runaway can be suppressed.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the distance D between the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S and the height position of the upper end of the one or more battery cells housed in the predetermined space S may be equal to or greater than 1 / 15 of the vertical length L of the one or more battery cells housed in the predetermined space S and equal to or less than one time the vertical length L.

[0085] Therefore, since a large and empty space where the gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cell stagnates is provided at the top of the battery cell within the predetermined space S for accommodating the battery cell, at least a part of the gas and / or heat energy can sufficiently stagnate away from the battery cell. Therefore, the deterioration of thermal runaway can be prevented or delayed, and the heat propagation can be effectively delayed.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110, and each block 110 includes one or more battery cells. The predetermined space S of each of the at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of block spaces BS respectively corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110. Each block space BS may accommodate one or more battery cells included in the block 110 corresponding to the block space BS. The plurality of block spaces BS may be separated from each other. The height position of the upper end of each block space BS may be higher than the height position of the upper end of one or more battery cells accommodated in the block space BS.

[0087] Therefore, for each block 110, the block spaces BS accommodating the battery cells belonging to the same block 110 (e.g., battery row) are separated from each other, and an empty space where the gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cells belonging to the block 110 stagnates may be provided in each block space BS. Therefore, even when thermal runaway occurs in any one of the blocks 110 in the plurality of battery modules 100 to generate gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat can stagnate in the empty space of the block space BS of the corresponding block 110 for a certain period of time without being transferred to other blocks 110 and / or other battery modules 100. Therefore, the heat propagation can be delayed.

[0088] In particular, since the empty space is provided above the battery cell, the high-temperature gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cell can be at least partially separated from the battery cell and retained in the upper part of the battery cell. Therefore, the deterioration of thermal runaway occurring in the battery cell can be prevented or delayed.

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each module housing 120 of at least one of a plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more partition walls 122 that are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction and separate a plurality of block spaces BS. Each of one or more module covers 300 covering the upper portion of each of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 or at least a part of one or more module covers 300 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320 that project downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310 and respectively correspond to the one or more partition walls 122. The one or more ribs 320 extend along the corresponding partition walls 122 when projected onto a horizontal plane to be adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition walls 122 respectively. The plurality of block spaces BS are separated by the partition walls 122 and the ribs 320, so the plurality of block spaces BS are separated from each other.

[0090] Therefore, since the ribs 320 provided at the module cover 300 separate the plurality of block spaces BS, high-temperature gas and / or heat generated in any one block 110 and stagnating in the upper portion of the block space BS of the corresponding block 110 can be effectively prevented from spreading / transferring to the block space BS of an adjacent block 110 through the upper portion of the block space BS. As a result, the heat propagation delay effect can be improved.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, through holes 214 that connect the inside and outside of a predetermined space S and can be opened and closed are provided in the module housing 120, the battery pack housing 200, or one or more module covers 300 that define the predetermined space S. The through holes 214 remain closed when the pressure in the predetermined space S is less than a threshold value, and open when the pressure in the predetermined space S is equal to or greater than the threshold value.

[0092] Therefore, even when gas and / or heat are generated due to thermal runaway in any one battery module 100, the gas and / or heat cannot escape and stagnate in the predetermined space S corresponding to the battery module 100 where thermal runaway occurs until the pressure in the predetermined space S exceeds the threshold value. Therefore, heat propagation can be delayed.

[0093] In addition, even when gas and / or heat are discharged from the predetermined space S through the opened through holes 214 due to the pressure in the predetermined space S of the battery module 100 where thermal runaway is occurring being higher than the threshold value, since the pressure in the predetermined space S of other battery modules 100 is lower than the threshold value, the other through holes 214 corresponding to the other battery modules 100 remain closed, thereby preventing the gas and / or heat discharged from the battery module 100 where thermal runaway is occurring from rapidly diffusing / transferring to other battery modules 100. Therefore, heat propagation can be delayed.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of through-holes 214 may be provided. Each of the plurality of through-holes 214 may correspond to a predetermined space S of each of the plurality of battery modules 100. The battery pack housing 200 may further include a plurality of blocking plates 230 respectively mounted adjacent to the plurality of through-holes 214 and blocking the plurality of through-holes 214. When the pressure in the predetermined space S corresponding to the through-hole 214 blocked by the blocking plate 230 is equal to or greater than a threshold value, the blocking plate 230 blocking the through-hole 214 is damaged to open the through-hole 214. Accordingly, when the pressure in the predetermined space S is less than the threshold value, the through-hole 214 remains closed, and when the pressure in the predetermined space S is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the through-hole 214 opens.

[0095] Thereby, it is possible to provide, at low cost and with a simple structure, the through-hole 214 connecting the inside and the outside of the predetermined space S that can be opened and closed according to the pressure in the predetermined space S.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack housing 200 may be provided with: an accommodation space C in which the plurality of battery modules 100 are accommodated; and a first flow space U1 in which the gas generated in the plurality of battery modules flows, the first flow space U1 being provided on one side of the accommodation space C in a first direction intersecting the vertical direction. The plurality of battery modules 100 may be accommodated side by side in the accommodation space C in a second direction intersecting the vertical direction and the first direction, such that one or more module covers 300 and the plurality of predetermined spaces S are arranged or provided side by side in the second direction. The through-hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space S may be provided on one side of the predetermined space S in the first direction to connect the predetermined space S and the first flow space U1.

[0097] Since the first flow space U1 is provided at one end of the accommodation space C in the first direction instead of above the accommodation space C, the height of the battery pack can be reduced. As a result, a smaller battery pack can be manufactured. In addition, since the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S can be maximized within an allowable range, the volume of the empty space in which gas and / or heat energy stagnates increases, thereby improving the heat propagation delay effect. Further, since at least a part of the gas and / or heat energy can stagnate in the upper part of the battery cell, sufficiently away from the battery cell, deterioration of thermal runaway occurring in the battery cell can be prevented or delayed.

[0098] In addition, since all the gas generated from the plurality of battery modules 100 flows through the first flow space U1, the structure of the battery pack can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost of the battery pack can be reduced.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one battery module among a plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110, and each of the plurality of blocks 110 includes one or more battery cells. A predetermined space S of each of the at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of block spaces BS respectively corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110. Each of the plurality of block spaces BS may accommodate one or more battery cells included in each of the plurality of blocks 110 corresponding to each of the plurality of block spaces BS. The plurality of block spaces BS may be separated from each other. A height position of an upper end of each of the plurality of block spaces BS may be higher than a height position of an upper end of one or more battery cells accommodated in each of the plurality of block spaces BS. A module housing 120 of each of the at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more partition walls 122, and the one or more partition walls 122 are arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction and separate the plurality of block spaces BS. Each of one or more module covers 300 covering an upper portion of each of the at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 or at least a part of the one or more module covers 300 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320 protruding downward from a lower surface of the upper frame 310 and respectively corresponding to the one or more partition walls 122, and the one or more ribs 320 extend along the corresponding partition walls 122 when projected onto a horizontal plane to be adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition walls 122 respectively. The plurality of block spaces BS are separated from each other by the one or more partition walls 122 and the one or more ribs 320. A through hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space S of each of the at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may be opened to connect the plurality of block spaces BS to the outside of the battery module 100.

[0100] Therefore, heat transfer between the blocks 110 of the battery module 100 may be delayed by the partition walls 122 and the ribs 320. In addition, the heat transfer delay effect may be improved by the ribs 320 provided at the module cover 300.

[0101] In addition, even when thermal runaway occurs in any one of the blocks 110 to generate gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat do not rapidly escape from the block space BS or the predetermined space S, but stagnate in the block space BS or the predetermined space S until the pressure of the block space BS corresponding to the block 110 in which thermal runaway occurs or the pressure of the predetermined space S including the block space BS becomes high enough. Therefore, heat transfer may be delayed.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present invention, one or more partition walls 122 and one or more ribs 320 may extend in a first direction and be arranged side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. A through hole 214 corresponding to a predetermined space S of each of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 may be opened when the pressure in any one of the plurality of block spaces BS increases and connect the plurality of block spaces BS to the outside of the battery module 100.

[0103] Therefore, even when the block spaces BS of other blocks 110 and the block space BS of the block 110 in which thermal runaway occurs are exposed to the outside of the battery module 100, due to the block spaces BS extending in the first direction and arranged side by side in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the gas and / or heat discharged from the block space BS of the block 110 in which thermal runaway occurs do not flow into the block spaces BS of other blocks 110. This is because the gas and / or heat discharged from the block space BS of the block 110 in which thermal runaway occurs must turn 180 degrees in order to flow into the block spaces BS of other blocks 110. Thus, even in the case where all the block spaces BS are exposed to the outside of the battery module 100 due to the increase in pressure in any one of the plurality of block spaces, heat propagation can be delayed.

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the one or more module covers 300 may include an upper frame 310 and a separation wall 330 protruding downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310. The separation wall 330 may be disposed between the side walls of the module cases 120 of a pair of battery modules 100 adjacent to each other laterally.

[0105] Therefore, heat propagation between the battery modules 100 is delayed, and the deterioration of thermal runaway can be suppressed.

[0106] In addition to the above beneficial effects, the specific effects of the present invention will be further described while describing the specific details of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0107] Figure 1 and Figure 2 are a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] Figure 3 Illustrates Figure 1 and Figure 2 a perspective view of the battery pack with the battery pack cover removed.

[0109] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Illustrates Figure 3 a perspective view and a top view of the battery pack with the module cover removed.

[0110] Figure 6Is an illustration Figure 4 And Figure 5 Stereogram of the battery pack when the battery module is removed.

[0111] Figure 7 Is an illustration Figure 6 Stereogram of the battery pack when the baffle is removed.

[0112] Figure 8 And Figure 9 Is an illustration Figure 2 And Figure 3 Stereogram of the module cover of the battery pack.

[0113] Figure 10 Is a cross-sectional view taken along Figure 1 Line 10 - 10' of.

[0114] Figure 11 Is a table comparing the experimental results of heat propagation between the prior art and the present invention.

[0115] [Description of reference numerals]

[0116] 10: Battery pack

[0117] 100: Battery module 110: Block

[0118] 120: Module housing 122: Partition wall

[0119] S: Predetermined space BS: Block space

[0120] 200: Battery pack housing 210: Main body

[0121] 212: First partition wall (212) 214: Through hole

[0122] 216: Through hole 218: Second partition wall (218)

[0123] 220: Battery pack cover 230: Baffle

[0124] C: Accommodating space

[0125] U1: First flow space U2: Second flow space (U2)

[0126] F: Filter (F) T: Discharge port (T)

[0127] 300: Module cover 310: Upper frame

[0128] 320: Rib 330: Separation wall Detailed description

[0129] The above objects, features, and advantages will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art will be able to implement the technical concept of the present invention. When determining that the detailed description of the prior art related to the present invention unnecessarily obscures the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to indicate the same or similar components.

[0130] Although "first", "second", etc. are used to describe various elements, these elements are of course not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another, and unless otherwise specifically stated, the first element may also be the second element.

[0131] Throughout the specification, unless otherwise stated, each element may be singular or plural.

[0132] Hereinafter, "arranging an element above (or below) an element" or "arranging an element on top of (or at the bottom of) an element" not only means "arranging the element in contact with the upper surface (or lower surface)", but also means "arranging the element above the upper surface (or lower surface) with another element interposed therebetween".

[0133] In addition, when an element is described as "connected", "coupled", or "contacted" to another element, it should be understood that the element may "directly connect", "directly couple", or "directly contact" the other element, or the element may "connect", "couple", or "contact" the other element with yet another element interposed therebetween or "connect", "couple", or "contact" the other element via yet another element.

[0134] Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms of expressions used herein include the plural forms of the expressions. Terms such as "consisting of" or "comprising" used herein should not be construed as necessarily including all of the elements or steps described in the specification, but should be construed as excluding some of the elements or steps, or including additional elements or steps.

[0135] Figure 1 and Figure 2 are a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is an illustration Figure 1 and Figure 2 of a perspective view of the battery pack with the battery pack cover removed. Figure 4 and Figure 5 are an illustration Figure 3 of a perspective view and a top view of the battery pack with the module cover removed. Figure 6 is an illustration Figure 4 and Figure 5Stereogram of the battery pack with the battery module removed. Figure 7 is an illustration Figure 6 Stereogram of the battery pack with the barrier plate removed. Figure 8 and Figure 9 is an illustration Figure 2 and Figure 3 Stereogram of the module cover of the battery pack. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along Figure 1 line 10-10' of Figure 11 is a table showing the experimental results of comparing heat propagation between the prior art and the present invention.

[0136] [Battery pack]

[0137] Referring to Figures 1 to 7 , the battery pack 10 according to the embodiment may include a plurality of battery modules 100, a battery pack housing 200, and one or more module covers 300. The battery pack may further include a barrier plate 230.

[0138] Each element will be described in detail below.

[0139] [Battery module]

[0140] A plurality of battery modules 100 may be provided.

[0141] Each battery module 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110. Each block 110 may include one or more battery cells. The block 110 may include a single battery cell or a collection of multiple battery cells.

[0142] Each battery module 100 may include a module housing 120.

[0143] A plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells may be accommodated in the module housing 120. The plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells may be arranged side by side in the module housing 120 in a second direction (e.g., left-right direction). The module housing 120 may be at least partially open upward.

[0144] The module housing 120 may include one or more partition walls 122, which will be described later.

[0145] [Battery pack housing]

[0146] The battery pack housing 200 may include a main body 210 and a battery pack cover 220. A plurality of battery modules 100 may be accommodated in the battery pack housing 200.

[0147] For example, the battery pack housing 200 may include an accommodation space C and a first flow space U1. The battery pack housing 200 may further include a second flow space U2.

[0148] A plurality of battery modules 100 can be accommodated in the accommodation space C. In the accommodation space C, the plurality of battery modules 100 can be accommodated side by side in the second direction (e.g., the left - right direction). Accordingly, one or more module covers 300 and a plurality of predetermined spaces S can be arranged or formed side by side in the second direction. For example, a plurality of module covers 300 and a plurality of predetermined spaces S corresponding to the plurality of battery modules 100 respectively can be arranged or formed side by side in the second direction.

[0149] The first flow space U1 can be provided on one side (e.g., the rear side) of the accommodation space C in the first direction (e.g., the front - rear direction). Here, the first direction can be a direction intersecting the up - down direction. The first flow space U1 can communicate with the accommodation space C and the predetermined space S, which will be described later. For example, the first flow space U1 can communicate with the predetermined space S through a through - hole 214 provided in a first partition wall 212 described later. The gas and / or heat generated from the plurality of battery modules 100 can flow in the first flow space U1.

[0150] The second flow space U2 can be provided on one side (e.g., the right side) of the accommodation space C in the second direction (e.g., the left - right direction). Here, the second direction can intersect the up - down direction and the first direction. The second flow space U2 can communicate with the first flow space U1 (e.g., through a through - hole 216). The gas and / or heat generated from the battery modules 100 accommodated in the accommodation space C can flow in the second flow space U2.

[0151] The discharge port T can communicate with the second flow space U2. The gas and / or heat generated from the battery modules 100 accommodated in the accommodation space C can be discharged to the outside of the battery pack housing 200 through the discharge port T.

[0152] In addition, the battery pack housing 200 can include a first partition wall 212, a second partition wall 218, and / or a filter F.

[0153] The first partition wall 212 can separate the accommodation space C and the first flow space U1. The first partition wall 212 can define the predetermined space S, which will be described later. A through - hole 214 can also be provided in the first partition wall 212, which will be described later.

[0154] The second partition wall 218 can separate the accommodation space C and the second flow space U2. The second partition wall 218 can define the predetermined space S, which will be described later.

[0155] The filter F can be provided between the second flow space U2 and the discharge port T. The filter F can prevent flammable particles separated from the battery cells due to thermal runaway or the like from being discharged to the outside.

[0156] In summary, the gas and / or heat generated from the battery module 100 accommodated in the accommodation space C sequentially flow through the first flow space U1, the second flow space U2, the filter F, and the discharge port T to be discharged to the outside of the battery pack housing 200( Figure 5 ).

[0157] [Module cover]

[0158] With further reference to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , one or more module covers 300 may be provided. One or more module covers 300 may cover the upper portions of the plurality of battery modules 100.

[0159] For example, the plurality of module covers 300 may respectively correspond to the plurality of battery modules 100. Each module cover 300 may cover the upper portion of the corresponding battery module 100.

[0160] The module cover 300 may be coupled to the module housing 120 of the corresponding battery module 100 or the battery pack housing 200.

[0161] The module cover 300 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320. The module cover 300 may include a partition wall 330.

[0162] The upper frame 310 may extend in a first direction and a second direction. The upper frame 310 may have a plate shape.

[0163] The one or more ribs 320 will be described later.

[0164] The partition wall 330 may be provided on at least one module cover 300. The partition wall 330 may protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310. The partition wall 330 may be inserted between the side walls of the module housings 120 of a pair of battery modules 100 arranged adjacent to each other laterally( Figure 10 ).

[0165] #10#Therefore, heat transfer between the battery modules 100 can be delayed, and the deterioration of thermal runaway can be suppressed.

[0166] [Predetermined space]

[0167] With further reference to Figure 10 , a plurality of predetermined spaces S may be defined. The plurality of predetermined spaces S may respectively correspond to the plurality of battery modules 100. Specifically, in each battery module 100, at least one of the module housing 120 of the battery module 100 and the battery pack housing 200 and the module cover 300 may define a predetermined space S corresponding to the battery module 100.

[0168] Each predetermined space S can accommodate a plurality of blocks 110 of the corresponding battery module 100 or one or more battery cells. Each predetermined space S can be blocked on all sides.

[0169] The mutually different predetermined spaces S that accommodate one or more battery cells of mutually different battery modules 100 can be separated from each other.

[0170] The height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S can be higher than the height position of the upper end of the battery cell accommodated in the predetermined space S ( Figure 10 ).

[0171] #01# Therefore, for each battery module 100, an empty space where the gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cells of the battery module 100 stagnates can be provided in a separate predetermined space S. Therefore, even when thermal runaway occurs in any one of the battery modules 100 and gas and / or heat are generated, the gas and / or heat do not rapidly diffuse / transfer to other battery modules 100 by stagnating in the empty space for a period of time. Therefore, the heat propagation can be delayed. Here, heat propagation can refer to the phenomenon in which the battery module 100 / battery cell where thermal runaway occurs causes cascading thermal runaway in other battery modules 100 / battery cells.

[0172] In particular, since the empty space is provided above the battery cell, the high-temperature gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cell can be at least partially separated from the battery cell and remain in the upper part of the battery cell. Therefore, the deterioration of thermal runaway occurring in the battery cell can be prevented or delayed.

[0173] In addition, with a simple configuration, heat propagation can be easily delayed at low cost, and the deterioration of thermal runaway can be suppressed.

[0174] The distance D between the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S and the height position of the upper end of the plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space S can be equal to or greater than 1 / 15 of the vertical length L of one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space S and equal to or less than one time the vertical length L ( Figure 5 ).

[0175] For example, when the vertical length L of the plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space S is 100 mm, the distance D between the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S and the height position of the upper end of the plurality of blocks 110 or one or more battery cells accommodated in the predetermined space S can be equal to or greater than 10 mm. For example, the distance D can be equal to or greater than 20 mm.

[0176] #02# Accordingly, since there is a large and empty space where the gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cells stagnates at the top of the battery cells within the predetermined space S for accommodating the battery cells, at least a part of the gas and / or heat energy can stagnate sufficiently far from the battery cells. Accordingly, the deterioration of thermal runaway can be prevented or delayed, and the heat propagation can be effectively delayed.

[0177] [Blocks and block spaces]

[0178] Each of at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of blocks 110. Each of the plurality of blocks 110 may include one or more battery cells. Here, the block 110 may be a battery bank.

[0179] Each predetermined space S of each of at least one battery module among the plurality of battery modules 100 may include a plurality of block spaces BS ( Figure 10 ) corresponding to the plurality of blocks 110 respectively.

[0180] Each of the plurality of block spaces BS may accommodate one or more battery cells included in each of the plurality of blocks 110 corresponding to each of the plurality of block spaces BS. The plurality of block spaces BS may be separated from each other ( Figure 5 ).

[0181] The height position of the upper end of each of the plurality of block spaces BS is higher than the height position of the upper end of one or more battery cells accommodated in each of the plurality of block spaces BS ( Figure 10 ).

[0182] #03# Accordingly, for each block 110, the block spaces BS that accommodate the battery cells belonging to the same block 110 (e.g., battery bank) are separated from each other, and an empty space where the gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cells belonging to the block 110 stagnates can be provided in each block space BS. Accordingly, even when thermal runaway occurs in any one of the blocks 110 in one of the plurality of battery modules 100 to generate gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat can stagnate in the empty space of the block space BS of the corresponding block 110 for a certain period of time without being transferred to other blocks 110 and / or other battery modules 100. Accordingly, the heat propagation can be delayed.

[0183] In particular, since the empty space is provided above the battery cells, the high-temperature gas and / or heat energy discharged from the battery cells can be at least partially separated from the battery cells and remain in the upper part of the battery cells. Accordingly, the deterioration of thermal runaway occurring in the battery cells can be prevented or delayed.

[0184] [Partition walls and ribs]

[0185] Each of the module housings 120 of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 may include one or more partition walls 122.

[0186] One or more partition walls 122 may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction. For example, one or more partition walls 122 may be spaced apart from each other and arranged side by side in the second direction (e.g., the left - right direction). One or more partition walls 122 may divide a plurality of block spaces BS( Figure 10 ).

[0187] Each of one or more module covers 300 covering the upper part of each of at least one of the plurality of battery modules 100 or at least a part of one or more module covers 300 may include an upper frame 310 and one or more ribs 320( Figure 9 and Figure 10 ).

[0188] One or more ribs 320 may protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame 310. One or more ribs 320 may respectively correspond to one or more partition walls 122. One or more ribs 320 may extend along one or more partition walls 122 when projected onto a horizontal plane so as to be adjacent to or in contact with one or more partition walls 122 respectively.

[0189] The plurality of block spaces BS may be divided by one or more partition walls 122 and one or more ribs 320, and thus, the plurality of block spaces BS may be separated from each other.

[0190] #04#Therefore, since the ribs 320 provided at the module cover 300 divide the plurality of block spaces BS, it is possible to effectively prevent high - temperature gas and / or heat generated in any one block 110 and stagnating at the upper part of the block space BS of the corresponding block 110 from spreading / transferring to the block space BS of an adjacent block 110 through the upper part of the block space BS. As a result, the heat propagation delay effect can be improved.

[0191] [Through - holes and baffle plates]

[0192] One or more through - holes 214 may be provided. The through - holes 214 may be provided at the module housing 120, the battery pack housing 200, or the module cover 300 that defines a predetermined space S. The through - holes 214 may connect the inside and the outside of the predetermined space S and may be opened or closed. For example, two through - holes 214 that connect the inside and the outside of two predetermined spaces S and can be opened and closed may be provided at the first partition wall 212 of the battery pack housing 200 that defines two predetermined spaces S together with two module housings 120 and two module covers 300( Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 ).

[0193] When the pressure in the predetermined space S is less than the threshold value, the through-hole 214 can remain closed, and when the pressure in the predetermined space S is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the through-hole 214 can be opened.

[0194] #05# Therefore, even when thermal runaway occurs in any one of the battery modules 100, generating gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat cannot escape and stagnates in the predetermined space S corresponding to the battery module 100 where thermal runaway occurs until the pressure in the predetermined space S exceeds the threshold value. Therefore, heat propagation can be delayed.

[0195] In addition, even when gas and / or heat is discharged from the predetermined space S through the opened through-hole 214 due to the pressure in the predetermined space S of the battery module 100 where thermal runaway is occurring being higher than the threshold value, since the pressure in the predetermined space S of the other battery modules 100 is lower than the threshold value, the other through-holes 214 corresponding to the other battery modules 100 remain closed, thereby preventing the gas and / or heat discharged from the battery module 100 where thermal runaway is occurring from rapidly diffusing / transferring to the other battery modules 100. Therefore, heat propagation can be delayed.

[0196] A plurality of through-holes 214 can be provided. Each of the plurality of through-holes 214 can correspond to the predetermined space S of each of the plurality of battery modules 100 ( Figure 4 and Figure 7 ).

[0197] In addition, as described above, the first flow space U1 of the battery pack housing 200 is provided on one side of the accommodation space C in the first direction, and the plurality of battery modules 100 are accommodated side by side in the accommodation space C in the second direction. And thereby, one or more module covers 300 and / or the plurality of predetermined spaces S are arranged or provided side by side in the second direction. Here, the through-hole 214 corresponding to the predetermined space S of each of the plurality of battery modules 100 is provided on one side (e.g., the rear side) of the predetermined space S in the first direction to connect the predetermined space S and the first flow space U1 ( Figure 2 ).

[0198] #07# Since the first flow space U1 is provided on one side of the accommodation space C in the first direction instead of above the accommodation space C, the height of the battery pack can be reduced. As a result, a smaller battery pack can be manufactured. In addition, since the height position of the upper end of the predetermined space S can be maximized within an allowable range, the volume of the empty space where gas and / or heat energy can stagnate increases, thereby improving the heat propagation delay effect. Furthermore, since at least a part of the gas and / or heat energy can stagnate in the upper part of the battery cell, sufficiently far from the battery cell, the deterioration of thermal runaway occurring in the battery cell can be prevented or delayed.

[0199] In addition, since the gas generated from multiple battery modules 100 all flows through the first flow space U1, the structure of the battery pack can be simplified, and the manufacturing cost and maintenance cost of the battery pack can be reduced.

[0200] In addition, in at least one of the multiple battery modules 100 including multiple blocks 110, through holes 214 corresponding to a predetermined space S of each battery module 100 can be opened to connect the multiple block spaces BS to the outside of the battery module 100.

[0201] #08# Therefore, heat transfer between the blocks 110 of the battery module 100 can be delayed by the partition wall 122 and the ribs 320. In addition, the heat transfer delay effect can be improved by the ribs 320 provided at the module cover 300.

[0202] In addition, even when thermal runaway occurs in any one of the blocks 110 to generate gas and / or heat, the gas and / or heat will not be quickly discharged from the block space BS or the predetermined space S, but will stagnate in the block space BS or the predetermined space S until the pressure of the block space BS corresponding to the block 110 where thermal runaway occurs or the pressure of the predetermined space S containing the block space BS becomes high enough. Therefore, heat transfer can be delayed.

[0203] The through holes 214 corresponding to the predetermined space S of each of at least one of the multiple battery modules 100 can connect all the multiple block spaces BS to the outside of the battery module 100 when the pressure in any one of the multiple block spaces BS increases. Here, one or more partition walls 122 and one or more ribs 320 can extend in a first direction and be arranged side by side in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

[0204] #9# Therefore, even when the block spaces BS of other blocks 110 and the block space BS of the block 110 where thermal runaway occurs are exposed to the outside of the battery module 100, due to the block spaces BS extending in the first direction and arranged side by side in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the gas and / or heat discharged from the block space BS of the block 110 where thermal runaway occurs will not flow into the block spaces BS of other blocks 110. This is because the gas and / or heat discharged from the block space BS of the block 110 where thermal runaway occurs must turn 180 degrees in order to flow into the block spaces BS of other blocks 110. Thus, even when all the block spaces BS are exposed to the outside of the battery module 100 due to the increase in pressure in any one of the multiple block spaces, heat transfer can be delayed.

[0205] Multiple blocking plates 230 can be provided. The multiple blocking plates 230 can be respectively installed adjacent to the multiple through holes 214 and block the multiple through holes 214 ( Figure 6 and Figure 7 ).

[0206] When the pressure in the predetermined space S corresponding to the through hole 214 blocked by the blocking plate 230 is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the blocking plate 230 blocking the through hole 214 is damaged to open the through hole 214. Thus, when the pressure in the predetermined space S is less than the threshold value, the through hole 214 remains closed, and when the pressure in the predetermined space S is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the through hole 214 is opened.

[0207] #06# Thus, it is possible to provide, at low cost and with a simple structure, the through hole 214 that connects the inside and outside of the predetermined space S and can be opened and closed according to the pressure in the predetermined space S.

[0208] [Experimental results]

[0209] Further referring to Figure 11 , compared with 8 seconds in a conventional battery pack, according to the present invention, after thermal runaway occurs in one of the plurality of battery modules 100 in the battery pack, the time taken for heat propagation to reach the adjacent battery module 100 is greater than about 44 minutes (2640 seconds). That is to say, in the battery pack of the present invention, heat propagation is significantly delayed.

[0210] In addition, in Figure 11 , "V0" represents the time taken until the voltage of the battery module 100 where thermal runaway occurs reaches 0V, and "pressure" represents the value obtained by subtracting 1 (unit: bar) from the measured value.

[0211] It should be understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary in all aspects and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention will be indicated by the appended claims rather than the detailed description above. Additionally, the meaning and scope of the appended claims, as well as all variations and modifications derived from equivalent concepts, should be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention.

[0212] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the exemplary drawings, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and drawings disclosed in this specification, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. In addition, although the operating effects of the configuration according to the present invention are not explicitly described when describing the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that predictable effects will also be recognized by the configuration.

Claims

1. A battery pack, the battery pack comprising: A plurality of battery modules (100), wherein each of the plurality of battery modules (100) includes one or more battery cells and a module housing (120), the one or more battery cells being received in the module housing and the module housing being at least partially open upward; A battery pack housing (200), the plurality of battery modules (100) being received in the battery pack housing; and One or more module covers (300), the one or more module covers covering an upper portion of the plurality of battery modules (100), Wherein at least one of the module housing (120) of each of the plurality of battery modules (100) and the battery pack housing (200) and the module cover (300) define a predetermined space (S), the predetermined space being blocked on all sides and receiving the one or more battery cells in the battery module (100), The different predetermined spaces (S) for receiving the one or more battery cells of the different battery modules (100) are separated from each other, and A height position of an upper end of the predetermined space (S) is higher than a height position of an upper end of the one or more battery cells received in the predetermined space (S).

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, A distance (D) between a height position of an upper end of the predetermined space (S) and a height position of an upper end of the one or more battery cells received in the predetermined space (S) is equal to or greater than 1 / 15 of a vertical length (L) of the one or more battery cells received in the predetermined space (S) and equal to or less than one time of the vertical length (L).

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, At least one battery module of the plurality of battery modules (100) includes a plurality of blocks (110), each of the plurality of blocks (110) including one or more battery cells, The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module includes a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks (110) respectively, Each of the plurality of block spaces (BS) receives the one or more battery cells included in each of the plurality of blocks (110) corresponding to each of the plurality of block spaces (BS), The plurality of block spaces (BS) are separated from each other, and A height position of an upper end of each of the plurality of block spaces (BS) is higher than a height position of an upper end of the one or more battery cells received in each of the plurality of block spaces (BS).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein, The module housing (120) of each of the at least one battery module includes one or more partition walls (122), the one or more partition walls (122) being arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a horizontal direction and separating the plurality of block spaces (BS), Each of the one or more module covers (300) covering the upper part of each of the at least one battery module or at least a part of the one or more module covers (300) includes an upper frame (310) and one or more ribs (320). The one or more ribs project downward from the lower surface of the upper frame (310) and respectively correspond to the one or more partition walls (122). When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more ribs (320) extend along the corresponding partition walls (122) so as to be adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition walls (122) respectively, and The plurality of block spaces (BS) are separated from each other by the partition walls (122) and the ribs (320).

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, Through holes (214) are provided in the module housing (120), the battery pack housing (200) or the module cover (300) that defines each of the predetermined spaces (S). The through holes connect the inside and the outside of the predetermined space (S) and can be opened and closed. When the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is less than a threshold value, the through holes (214) remain closed, and when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the through holes open.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein, A plurality of through holes (214) are provided, and each of the plurality of through holes (214) corresponds to the predetermined space (S) of each of the plurality of battery modules (100). The battery pack housing (200) further includes a plurality of blocking plates (230). The plurality of blocking plates (230) are respectively installed adjacent to the plurality of through holes (214) and respectively block the plurality of through holes (214). When the pressure in the predetermined space (S) corresponding to the through hole (214) blocked by the blocking plate (230) is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the blocking plate (230) is damaged to open the through hole (214), and Therefore, when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is less than the threshold value, the through holes (214) remain closed, and when the pressure in the predetermined space (S) is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the through holes open.

7. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein, The battery pack housing (200) is provided with: a receiving space (C) in which the plurality of battery modules (100) are received; and a first flow space (U1) in which gas generated in the plurality of battery modules flows. The first flow space (U1) is provided at one side of the receiving space (C) in a first direction intersecting the up and down direction. The plurality of battery modules (100) are received side by side in the receiving space (C) in a second direction intersecting the up and down direction and the first direction, such that the one or more module covers (300) and the plurality of predetermined spaces (S) are arranged or provided side by side in the second direction, and The through hole (214) corresponding to the predetermined space (S) is provided at one side of the predetermined space (S) in the first direction to connect the predetermined space (S) and the first flow space (U1).

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, wherein, At least one of the plurality of battery modules (100) includes a plurality of blocks (110), and each of the plurality of blocks (110) includes one or more battery cells. The predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module includes a plurality of block spaces (BS) corresponding to the plurality of blocks (110) respectively. Each of the plurality of block spaces (BS) houses one or more battery cells included in each of the plurality of blocks (110) corresponding to each of the plurality of block spaces (BS). The plurality of block spaces (BS) are separated from each other. The height position of the upper end of each of the plurality of block spaces (BS) is higher than the height position of the upper end of one or more battery cells housed in each of the plurality of block spaces (BS). The module housing (120) of each of the at least one battery module includes one or more partition walls (122), and the one or more partition walls (122) are spaced apart from each other and arranged side by side along the second direction and separate the plurality of different block spaces (BS). Each of the one or more module covers (300) covering the upper part of each of the at least one battery module or at least a part of the one or more module covers (300) includes an upper frame (310) and one or more ribs (320), and the one or more ribs protrude downward from the lower surface of the upper frame (310) and correspond to the one or more partition walls (122) respectively. When projected onto a horizontal plane, the one or more ribs (320) extend along the corresponding partition wall (122) so as to be adjacent to or in contact with the corresponding partition wall (122) respectively. The plurality of block spaces (BS) are separated from each other by the partition walls (122) and the ribs (320), and The through holes (214) corresponding to the predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module connect the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the outside of the battery module (100).

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, wherein, The one or more partition walls (122) and the one or more ribs (320) extend along the first direction and are arranged side by side along the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and The through holes (214) corresponding to the predetermined space (S) of each of the at least one battery module connect the plurality of block spaces (BS) to the outside of the battery module (100) when the pressure in any one of the plurality of block spaces (BS) increases.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the one or more module covers (300) includes an upper frame (310) and a separation wall (330) protruding downward from the lower surface of the upper frame (310), and The separation wall (330) is disposed between the side walls of the module housing (120) of a pair of laterally adjacent battery modules (100).

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