Method for protecting ancient cinnamomum camphora trees

Abstract

The invention provides a method for protecting ancient cinnamomum camphora trees, and belongs to the technical field of plant protection. The method comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning tree trunks; (2) applying a solid organic fertilizer around the ancient tree to improve the permeability of soil around the ancient tree and improve the soil fertility; (3) irrigating roots of the ancient trees and / or spraying liquid organic fertilizer to prevent and control diseases and insect pests, and providing nutrition for the ancient trees at the same time. According to the method, pollutants attached to the surfaces of the ancient trees are removed by cleaning the trunks, meanwhile, rotten and deteriorated parts of the ancient trees are cleaned, and the clean trunks are formed. And by using the two fertilizers, the weakness symptom of the ancient cinnamomum camphora tree is effectively improved, the tree vigor of the ancient cinnamomum camphora tree is recovered, and the ancient cinnamomum camphora tree is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of plant protection, and particularly relates to a method for protecting ancient camphor trees. Background Art

[0002] As precious natural resources and historical and cultural heritages, ancient trees have important scientific research, historical and cultural, and social and economic values. However, due to their old age, the overall growth trend of ancient trees gradually weakens, they are sensitive to the environment and pests and diseases, and are easily affected by environmental factors and pests and diseases, thus accelerating the aging and even death of ancient trees. Ancient camphor trees belong to evergreen arbors of the Lauraceae family and are one of the main varieties of ancient trees in the south. However, in recent years, due to the increasing aging trend of ancient camphor trees, the number of ancient camphor trees has also decreased sharply. Therefore, the protection of ancient camphor trees is extremely urgent. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for protecting ancient camphor trees. The present invention cleans the pollutants, rotten and deteriorated parts attached to the surface of the ancient tree to form a clean tree trunk, and effectively improves the weak symptoms of ancient camphor trees through the use of two kinds of fertilizers, enables the ancient camphor trees to recover their tree vigor, and realizes the protection of ancient camphor trees.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a method for protecting ancient camphor trees, comprising the following steps:

[0006] (1) Cleaning the tree trunk;

[0007] (2) Applying solid organic fertilizer around the ancient tree to improve the permeability of the soil around the ancient tree and increase the soil fertility;

[0008] (3) Irrigating the roots and / or spraying liquid organic fertilizer on the ancient tree to prevent and control pests and diseases and provide nutrition for the ancient tree at the same time.

[0009] Preferably, the cleaning of the tree trunk is to remove the pollutants attached to the surface of the ancient tree by physical cleaning, and / or clean the rotten and deteriorated parts of the ancient tree to form a clean tree trunk.

[0010] Preferably, the solid organic fertilizer in step (2) comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 - 40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 - 30 parts of waste mushroom bags, 1 - 5 parts of Artemisia capillaris, 1 - 5 parts of dried tangerine peel, 5 - 10 parts of tea stalks, 0.01 - 0.1 part of microbial inoculum.

[0011] Preferably, the microbial inoculum is composed of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.5 - 2.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation method of the solid organic fertilizer is as follows: crush and mix livestock and poultry manure, waste mushroom bags, Artemisia capillaris, dried tangerine peel, and tea stalks, control the water content of the mixed raw materials to be 40%-60%, carry out composting fermentation treatment to obtain a fermentation product, dry and crush the fermentation product, add a microbial inoculant, and mix evenly to obtain the solid organic fertilizer.

[0013] Preferably, the usage method of the solid organic fertilizer is to apply a solid organic fertilizer with a width of 20-40 cm and a thickness of 0.5-2 cm in a circle along the trunk at a distance of 30-50 cm from the trunk of the ancient tree, loosen the soil around the ancient tree, and mix the organic fertilizer with the soil around the ancient tree.

[0014] Preferably, the liquid organic fertilizer described in step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 15-30 parts of bagasse, 10-20 parts of pine sawdust, 3-10 parts of Artemisia argyi, 0.1-0.5 part of EM microbial inoculant, 5-10 parts of tobacco stalks, 1-3 mg / L of plant growth hormone NAA, 0.1-1 mg / L of cytokinin 6-BA.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the liquid organic fertilizer is as follows: crush bagasse, pine sawdust, Artemisia argyi, and tobacco stalks, mix evenly to obtain a mixture, add an EM microbial inoculant and 5-10 times the mass of water of the mixture, carry out anaerobic fermentation, filter, sterilize to obtain a fermentation broth, add plant growth hormone NAA and cytokinin 6-BA to the fermentation broth, and mix evenly to obtain the liquid organic fertilizer.

[0016] Preferably, the root irrigation is to dig an annular groove with a width of 15-30 cm and a depth of 10-20 cm in a circle along the trunk at a distance of 80-150 cm from the trunk of the ancient tree, pour the liquid organic fertilizer into the groove, irrigate the roots once every 20-30 days, and irrigate the roots 1-5 times in total.

[0017] Preferably, the spraying is to directly spray the liquid organic fertilizer on the trunk, branches and leaves until they are wet, spray once every 6-10 days, and spray 5-10 times in total.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for protecting ancient camphor trees. In the present invention, the pollutants, rotten and deteriorated parts attached to the surface of the ancient trees are cleaned to form a clean tree trunk. By using solid organic fertilizers, while improving the soil fertility, the permeability of the soil is improved. And due to the use of microbial inoculants in the solid organic fertilizers, the invasion of pathogenic bacteria in the soil to the ancient trees is inhibited. By perfusion of liquid organic fertilizers to the ancient trees, while supplementing nutrients to the ancient trees, the effect of preventing soil-borne diseases is achieved. By spraying liquid organic fertilizers on the ancient trees, while preventing the invasion of other pests and diseases to the tree body, the nutrients in the liquid organic fertilizers are absorbed into the ancient trees through the leaves to provide nutrients for the ancient trees. The present invention effectively improves the weak symptoms of ancient camphor trees through the combined action of multiple aspects, enables the ancient camphor trees to recover their tree vigor, and realizes the protection of ancient camphor trees. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The present invention provides a method for protecting ancient camphor trees, comprising the following steps:

[0020] (1) Clean the tree trunk;

[0021] (2) Apply solid organic fertilizers around the ancient trees to improve the permeability of the soil around the ancient trees and increase the soil fertility;

[0022] (3) Carry out root irrigation and / or spraying of liquid organic fertilizers on the ancient trees to prevent and control pests and diseases and provide nutrients for the ancient trees at the same time.

[0023] In the present invention, the cleaning of the tree trunk is to remove the pollutants attached to the surface of the ancient trees by physical cleaning and / or clean the rotten and deteriorated parts of the ancient trees to form a clean tree trunk.

[0024] In the present invention, solid organic fertilizers are applied around ancient trees to improve the permeability of the soil around the ancient trees and enhance soil fertility; the solid organic fertilizers include the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20 to 40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, preferably 15 to 35 parts, more preferably 30 parts; 15 to 30 parts of waste mushroom bags, preferably 18 to 25 parts, more preferably 20 parts; 1 to 5 parts of Artemisia capillaris Thunb., preferably 2 to 4 parts, more preferably 3 parts; 1 to 5 parts of dried tangerine peel, preferably 2 to 4 parts, more preferably 3 parts; 5 to 10 parts of tea stalks, preferably 7 to 9 parts, more preferably 8 parts; 0.01 to 0.1 part of microbial inoculum, preferably 0.03 to 0.08 part, more preferably 0.05 part. The waste mushroom sticks are any one of waste shiitake mushroom sticks, waste auricularia auricula mushroom sticks, and waste pleurotus ostreatus mushroom sticks, preferably waste shiitake mushroom sticks; the microbial inoculum is composed of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum in a mass ratio of 1:0.5 to 2, preferably 1:0.8 to 1.5, more preferably 1:1. There are no special limitations on the sources of the raw materials in the present invention, and conventional commercially available products can be used.

[0025] In the present invention, after being treated, livestock and poultry manure can significantly improve soil fertility, increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve soil structure, increase soil biodiversity, promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms, and improve the water retention and air permeability of the soil.

[0026] The waste mushroom bags contain rich nutrients such as enzymes, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, and have a good effect on improving soil fertility and promoting plant growth.

[0027] Artemisia capillaris Thunb. contains rich organic substances and trace elements, and these components can be converted into nutrients that can be absorbed by plants after decomposition, which helps to improve soil fertility. Moreover, the volatile oil of Artemisia capillaris Thunb. contains various compounds such as α-pinene, capillin, capillene, and capillanol, and these components can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the soil.

[0028] Dried tangerine peel is rich in organic substances, and these organic substances can release nutrient elements after decomposition in the soil, thereby increasing soil fertility, promoting plant growth and health. Moreover, the citral in dried tangerine peel has a bactericidal effect and can inhibit the growth of pests and diseases in the soil, protecting plants from damage.

[0029] Tea stalks are a natural organic fertilizer, containing a large amount of nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which can provide nutrients for plants and promote plant growth. Substances such as tea polyphenols and caffeine in tea stalks can also inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and pests, prevent the roots and stems of plants from rotting and being damaged, and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.

[0030] Bacillus subtilis in the microbial inoculum can increase the stress resistance of crops and play a role in nitrogen fixation. Trichoderma harzianum can prevent plant diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. When the two strains are used together, while improving the condition of the ancient tree itself, they can jointly protect the ancient tree by inhibiting the pathogens in the soil.

[0031] In the present invention, the preparation method of the solid organic fertilizer is as follows: crush and mix livestock and poultry manure, waste mushroom bags, Artemisia capillaris, dried tangerine peel, and tea stalks, then control the water content of the mixed raw materials to be 40% - 60%, and carry out composting fermentation treatment to obtain a fermentation product. Dry and crush the fermentation product, add a microbial inoculum, and mix evenly to obtain the solid organic fertilizer. There are no special requirements for the crushing method in the present invention, and a conventional crushing method can be used. The crushed product is sieved through a 10 - 30 mesh sieve, preferably 12 - 18 mesh, and further preferably 15 mesh. The water content of the mixed raw materials is preferably 45% - 55%, and further preferably 50%. The total time of the composting fermentation treatment is 21 - 35 days. When the temperature of the composting fermentation reaches 60°C - 75°C, maintain for 1 - 3 days, carry out turning pile treatment, and continue composting fermentation until 21 - 35 days. The temperature of the composting fermentation is preferably 65°C - 73°C, further preferably 70°C. The holding days are preferably 2 days. The number of turning pile treatments is 2 - 3 times. The total time of the composting fermentation is preferably 25 - 33 days, further preferably 30 days. The drying temperature of the fermentation product is 50 - 80°C, preferably 60 - 75°C, further preferably 70°C. The particle size of the crushed fermentation product is ≤80μm.

[0032] In the present invention, the usage method of the solid organic fertilizer is to apply a solid organic fertilizer with a width of 20 - 40 cm and a thickness of 0.5 - 2 cm in a circle around the trunk of the ancient tree at a distance of 30 - 50 cm from the trunk of the ancient tree, and loosen the soil around the ancient tree to mix the organic fertilizer with the soil around the ancient tree. The distance between the applied solid organic fertilizer and the trunk of the ancient tree is preferably 35 - 45 cm, further preferably 40 cm. The width of the applied solid organic fertilizer is preferably 25 - 35 cm, further preferably 30 cm. The thickness of the applied solid organic fertilizer is preferably 0.8 - 1.5 cm, further preferably 1 cm.

[0033] In the present invention, the roots of ancient trees are irrigated and / or sprayed with liquid organic fertilizer to prevent and control diseases and pests, while providing nutrition for the ancient trees. The liquid organic fertilizer comprises raw materials in the following parts by mass: 15-30 parts of bagasse, preferably 18-28 parts, more preferably 25 parts; 10-20 parts of pine sawdust, preferably 13-18 parts, more preferably 15 parts; 3-10 parts of Artemisia argyi, preferably 4-8 parts, more preferably 6 parts; 0.1-0.5 part of EM bacterial agent, preferably 0.2-0.4 part, more preferably 0.3 part; 5-10 parts of tobacco stems, preferably 6-9 parts, more preferably 8 parts; 1-3 mg / L of plant growth hormone NAA, preferably 1.5-2.5 mg / L, more preferably 2 mg / L; 0.1-1 mg / L of cytokinin 6-BA, preferably 0.3-0.8 mg / L, more preferably 0.5 mg / L. The present invention has no special limitation on the source of raw materials, and conventional commercially available products can be used.

[0034] In the present invention, bagasse contains rich organic substances and trace elements. As a fertilizer, it can improve the quality and yield of plants, make plants stronger, and enhance the resistance to diseases and pests.

[0035] Pine sawdust contains rich nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which can provide necessary nutrients for plants and promote plant growth. Certain components in pine sawdust can decompose harmful substances in the soil after extraction, improve soil quality, and reduce the negative impact on plant growth.

[0036] Artemisia argyi contains a large amount of nitrogen elements, which can increase the nitrogen content of crops, promote the growth and development of crops, and thus increase crop yield. In addition, Artemisia argyi also contains plant growth hormones that promote growth, and these substances have a good promoting effect on the growth and development of crops. Artemisia argyi contains some chemical components with antibacterial, insecticidal, mosquito-repellent and other effects, and these components can effectively prevent and control diseases and pests of crops.

[0037] EM bacterial agent can quickly decompose organic matter, decompose the effective components in the fertilizer raw materials into small molecular substances that are easily absorbed by plants, and the EM bacterial agent contains metabolites produced by various microorganisms, which can remove oxidation substances, eliminate corruption, and inhibit pathogenic bacteria.

[0038] In addition to containing relatively high levels of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, tobacco stems also contain nicotine and fulvic acid; nicotine is a natural alkaloid with the function of repelling insects and preventing diseases. Fulvic acid is a highly active small molecular substance, which can increase the content of ABA (abscisic acid) in plants, thereby enhancing the cold and drought resistance of crops and the stress resistance of crops. The combined action of nicotine and fulvic acid can effectively prevent and control pests and diseases in the soil. The rich organic matter and mineral elements contained in tobacco stems can improve the soil structure, enhance the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil, and promote the reproduction and activity of soil microorganisms.

[0039] The plant growth regulator NAA is an artificially synthesized plant growth regulator and belongs to the auxin hormone category. It can promote plant rooting, germination, and improve the survival rate of transplanting.

[0040] The cytokinin 6-BA is a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator, which can promote plant cell growth, inhibit the degradation of plant chlorophyll, delay leaf senescence, induce flower bud differentiation, enhance lateral bud growth, strengthen fruit swelling, and significantly increase yield.

[0041] In the present invention, the preparation method of the liquid organic fertilizer is as follows: bagasse, pine sawdust, Artemisia argyi, and tobacco stems are crushed, mixed evenly to obtain a mixture, EM bacterial agent and water 5-10 times the mass of the mixture are added, and anaerobic fermentation is carried out, followed by filtration and sterilization to obtain a fermentation broth. Plant growth regulator NAA and cytokinin 6-BA are added to the fermentation broth and mixed evenly to obtain the liquid organic fertilizer. There is no special requirement for the crushing method in the present invention, and a conventional crushing method can be used. The crushed product is sieved through a 30-60 mesh sieve, preferably 40-55 mesh, and further preferably 50 mesh. The mass of the water is preferably 6-8 times the mass of the mixture, and further preferably 7 times; the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation is 20-40 °C, preferably 25-35 °C, and further preferably 30 °C. The time of the anaerobic fermentation is 4-10 days, preferably 6-8 days, and further preferably 7 days; the filtration is to sieve the material after anaerobic fermentation through an 80-150 mesh sieve, preferably 100-130 mesh, and further preferably 120 mesh; the sterilization adopts the high-pressure sterilization method, the sterilization temperature is 110-130 °C, preferably 115-125 °C, and further preferably 121 °C, and the sterilization time is 10-30 min, preferably 15-25 min, and further preferably 20 min.

[0042] In the present invention, the root irrigation is carried out by digging an annular groove with a width of 15-30 cm and a depth of 10-20 cm around the trunk of the ancient tree at a distance of 80-150 cm from the trunk of the ancient tree, and the liquid organic fertilizer is applied along the groove. Root irrigation is carried out once every 20-30 days, and a total of 1-5 times of root irrigation are carried out. When using the liquid organic fertilizer to irrigate the roots of the ancient tree, the distance from the trunk of the ancient tree is preferably 90-130 cm, and further preferably 100 cm; the width of the annular groove is preferably 17-25 cm, and further preferably 20 cm, the depth of the annular groove is preferably 12-18 cm, and further preferably 15 cm, the interval days of the root irrigation are preferably 22-28 days, and further preferably 25 days, and the number of times of the root irrigation is preferably 2-4 times, and further preferably 3 times.

[0043] In the present invention, the spraying is to directly spray the liquid organic fertilizer on the tree trunks, branches and leaves until they are wet, and spray once every 6 - 10 days, for a total of 5 - 10 times. The preferred interval days for spraying are 7 - 9 days, more preferably 8 days, and the preferred number of spraying times is 6 - 8 times, more preferably 7 times.

[0044] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] For the solid organic fertilizer to be prepared in this example, the raw materials are weighed according to the following masses:

[0047] 300 kg of livestock and poultry manure (purchased from Nantong Huinong Biological Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd.), 200 kg of waste shiitake mushroom bags, 30 kg of Artemisia capillaris, 30 kg of dried tangerine peel, 80 kg of tea stalks, 0.5 kg of microbial inoculant (Bacillus subtilis: Trichoderma harzianum = 1:1, both Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum are purchased from Jiangsu Jiujia Biological Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0048] The livestock and poultry manure, waste mushroom bags, Artemisia capillaris, dried tangerine peel, and tea stalks are crushed, passed through a 15 - mesh sieve, and the components passing through the sieve are mixed. Water is added to the uniformly mixed components passing through the sieve to make the water content 50%, and then composting fermentation treatment is carried out. The fermentation temperature is detected every day. When the fermentation temperature reaches 70 °C, it is maintained for 2 days, and turning treatment is carried out on the 3rd day. Starting from the 2nd day of turning, the temperature inside the compost is tested every day. When the compost temperature reaches 70 °C, fermentation is continued for 2 days, then turning treatment is carried out, and fermentation is continued until 30 days to obtain the fermentation product. The fermentation product is dried at 70 °C and crushed to obtain a fermentation product with a particle size of 80 μm, and it is mixed with the microbial inoculant to obtain the solid organic fertilizer.

[0049] For the liquid organic fertilizer to be prepared in this example, the raw materials are weighed according to the following masses:

[0050] 250 kg of bagasse, 150 kg of pine sawdust, 60 kg of Artemisia argyi, 3 kg of EM inoculant (purchased from Jiangsu Jiujia Biological Technology Co., Ltd.), 80 kg of tobacco stalks.

[0051] Crush bagasse, pine sawdust, Artemisia argyi, and tobacco stems, sieve through a 50-mesh sieve, mix the components passing through the sieve, add EM bacterial agent and 3780 kg of water to the uniformly mixed components passing through the sieve, anaerobically ferment at 30 °C for 7 days, and vent every other day starting from the second day of fermentation until the fermentation ends. Use a 120-mesh sieve to filter the product after fermentation, take the filtrate, sterilize it at 121 °C for 20 min to obtain a fermentation broth. Weigh the volume of the obtained fermentation broth, and add 2 g of plant growth hormone NAA and 0.5 g of cytokinin 6-BA to every 1000 L of the fermentation broth, mix well to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer.

[0052] Protect ancient camphor trees with weak tree vigor and damaged tree trunks. The specific steps are as follows:

[0053] (1) Clean the tree trunk: Use a hard brush to remove the pollutants attached to the trunk of the ancient camphor tree, use a knife to remove the damaged parts of the ancient tree, and finally use a soft brush to clean the trunk of the ancient tree.

[0054] (2) Apply a solid organic fertilizer with a width of 30 cm and a thickness of 1 cm in a circle around the tree trunk at a distance of 40 cm from the ancient tree trunk, loosen the soil around the ancient tree, and mix the organic fertilizer with the soil around the ancient tree.

[0055] (3) 30 days after applying the solid organic fertilizer, use the liquid organic fertilizer to irrigate the roots of the ancient tree. Dig a circular trench with a width of 20 cm and a depth of 15 cm in a circle around the tree trunk at a distance of 100 cm from the ancient tree trunk, pour 80 kg of the liquid organic fertilizer along the trench, cover the topsoil after each irrigation, irrigate the roots again every 25 days, and the amount of each root irrigation is 80 kg, with a total of 3 root irrigations. One day after applying the solid organic fertilizer, use a high-pressure sprayer to spray the liquid organic fertilizer on the tree trunk, branches, and leaves until they are wet, spray them wet every 8 days, and spray them wet continuously for 7 times.

[0056] Half a year after the protection is implemented, the tree vigor not only does not decline, but the growth is more lush than before. Many new branches and leaves germinate on the surface of the whole tree trunk in the following year, and no pests and diseases are found during this period, and the wound at the damaged part of the tree trunk heals.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] For the solid organic fertilizer to be prepared in this example, weigh the raw materials according to the following quality:

[0059] 200 kg of livestock and poultry manure (purchased from Nantong Huinong Biological Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd.), 150 kg of waste mushroom spawn bags, 10 kg of Artemisia capillaris, 10 kg of dried tangerine peel, 50 kg of tea stems, 0.3 kg of microbial bacterial agent (Bacillus subtilis: Trichoderma harzianum = 1:1, both Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum are purchased from Jiangsu Jiujia Biological Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0060] Crush livestock and poultry manure, waste mushroom bags, Artemisia capillaris, dried tangerine peel, and tea stalks, sieve them through a 15-mesh sieve, mix the components passing through the sieve, add water to the evenly mixed components passing through the sieve to make the water content 40%, and carry out composting fermentation treatment. Detect the fermentation temperature every day. When the fermentation temperature is 60 °C, maintain it for 3 days, and carry out turning pile treatment on the 4th day. Starting from the 2nd day of turning the pile, test the temperature inside the compost every day. When the compost temperature reaches 60 °C, continue fermentation for 3 days, then carry out turning pile treatment, and continue fermentation until 35 days to obtain the fermentation product. Dry the fermentation product at 70 °C, crush it, obtain a fermentation product with a particle size of 80 μm, and mix it with a microbial inoculant to obtain a solid organic fertilizer.

[0061] For the liquid organic fertilizer to be prepared in this example, weigh the raw materials according to the following mass:

[0062] 150 kg of bagasse, 100 kg of pine sawdust, 30 kg of Artemisia argyi, 1 kg of EM inoculant (purchased from Jiangsu Jiujia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), and 50 kg of tobacco stalks.

[0063] Crush bagasse, pine sawdust, Artemisia argyi, and tobacco stalks, sieve them through a 50-mesh sieve, mix the components passing through the sieve, add EM inoculant and 1650 kg of water to the evenly mixed components passing through the sieve, and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 25 °C for 10 days. And on the 2nd day from the start of fermentation, exhaust gas every other day until the fermentation ends. Use a 120-mesh sieve to filter the product after fermentation, take the filtrate, sterilize it at 121 °C for 10 min to obtain the fermentation broth. Weigh the volume of the obtained fermentation broth, and add 1 g of plant growth hormone NAA and 0.1 g of cytokinin 6-BA to every 1000 L of the fermentation broth, and mix evenly to obtain the liquid organic fertilizer.

[0064] Protect the ancient camphor trees with weak tree vigor and damaged tree trunks. The specific steps are as follows:

[0065] (1) Clean the tree trunk: Use a hard brush to remove the pollutants attached to the trunk of the ancient camphor tree, use a knife to remove the damaged parts of the ancient tree, and finally use a soft brush to clean the trunk of the ancient tree.

[0066] (2) Apply a solid organic fertilizer with a width of 40 cm and a thickness of 2 cm along the circumference of the tree trunk at a distance of 30 cm from the trunk of the ancient tree, loosen the soil around the ancient tree, and mix the organic fertilizer with the soil around the ancient tree.

[0067] (3) Thirty days after applying solid organic fertilizer, root irrigation treatment of the ancient tree was carried out with liquid organic fertilizer. At a distance of 80 cm from the trunk of the ancient tree, an annular groove with a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 cm was dug along the circumference of the trunk. 80 kg of liquid organic fertilizer was applied along the groove. After each irrigation, the topsoil was covered. Root irrigation was carried out again every 25 days, and the amount of each root irrigation was 80 kg. Root irrigation was carried out 3 times in total. One day after applying solid organic fertilizer, liquid organic fertilizer was sprayed onto the trunk, branches and leaves with a high-pressure sprayer until it was wet. It was sprayed wet every 6 days for 10 consecutive times.

[0068] Half a year after the implementation of the protection, the tree vigor did not decline. Eight months later, the growth was more lush than before. Many new branches and leaves germinated on the surface of the whole tree trunk in the following year. During this period, no pests and diseases were found, and the wound at the damaged part of the trunk healed.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] For the solid organic fertilizer to be prepared in this example, raw materials were weighed according to the following masses:

[0071] 400 kg of livestock and poultry manure (purchased from Nantong Huinong Biological Organic Fertilizer Co., Ltd.), 300 kg of waste mushroom bags, 50 kg of Artemisia capillaris, 50 kg of dried tangerine peel, 100 kg of tea stalks, 1 kg of microbial inoculant (Bacillus subtilis: Trichoderma harzianum = 1:1, both Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum were purchased from Jiangsu Jiujia Biological Technology Co., Ltd.).

[0072] The livestock and poultry manure, waste mushroom bags, Artemisia capillaris, dried tangerine peel, and tea stalks were crushed, passed through a 15-mesh sieve, and the components passing through the sieve were mixed. Water was added to the uniformly mixed components passing through the sieve to make the water content 60%. Composting fermentation treatment was carried out. The temperature of the fermentation was detected every day. When the fermentation temperature was 75 °C, it was maintained for 2 days. On the third day, turning treatment was carried out. Starting from the second day of turning, the temperature inside the compost was tested every day. When the compost temperature reached 75 °C, fermentation continued for 3 days, then turning treatment was carried out, and fermentation continued until 25 days to obtain the fermentation product. The fermentation product was dried at 70 °C, crushed, and a fermentation product with a particle size of 80 μm was obtained. It was mixed with the microbial inoculant to obtain the solid organic fertilizer.

[0073] For the liquid organic fertilizer to be prepared in this example, raw materials were weighed according to the following masses:

[0074] 150 kg of bagasse, 100 kg of pine sawdust, 50 kg of Artemisia argyi, 2.5 kg of EM inoculant (purchased from Jiangsu Jiujia Biological Technology Co., Ltd.), 50 kg of tobacco stalks.

[0075] Pulverize bagasse, pine sawdust, mugwort, and tobacco stems, sieve through a 50-mesh sieve, mix the components passing through the sieve, add EM bacterial agent and 3500 kg of water to the evenly mixed components passing through the sieve, anaerobically ferment at 40 °C for 6 days, and vent every other day starting from the second day of fermentation until fermentation ends. Use a 120-mesh sieve to filter the product after fermentation, take the filtrate, sterilize it at 121 °C for 30 min to obtain a fermentation broth. Weigh the volume of the obtained fermentation broth, add 3 g of plant growth hormone NAA and 1 g of cytokinin 6-BA to every 1000 L of the fermentation broth, and mix evenly to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer.

[0076] Protect ancient camphor trees with weak tree vigor and damaged tree trunks. The specific steps are as follows:

[0077] (1) Clean the tree trunk: Use a hard brush to remove the pollutants attached to the trunk of the ancient camphor tree, use a knife to remove the damaged parts of the ancient tree, and finally use a soft brush to clean the trunk of the ancient tree.

[0078] (2) Apply a solid organic fertilizer with a width of 20 cm and a thickness of 0.5 cm along the circumference of the tree trunk at a distance of 50 cm from the tree trunk of the ancient tree, loosen the soil around the ancient tree, and mix the organic fertilizer with the soil around the ancient tree.

[0079] (3) 30 days after applying the solid organic fertilizer, conduct root irrigation treatment on the ancient tree with the liquid organic fertilizer. Dig a circular groove with a width of 15 cm and a depth of 10 cm along the circumference of the tree trunk at a distance of 130 cm from the tree trunk of the ancient tree, pour 80 kg of the liquid organic fertilizer into the groove, cover the topsoil after each irrigation, conduct root irrigation again every 25 days, with each root irrigation amount being 80 kg, and conduct root irrigation 3 times in total. 1 day after applying the solid organic fertilizer, use a high-pressure sprayer to spray the liquid organic fertilizer on the tree trunk, branches, and leaves until they are wet, spray wet every 10 days, and spray wet continuously 5 times.

[0080] Half a year after the implementation of the protection, the tree vigor not only did not decline, but the growth was more lush than before. 10 months after the implementation of the protection, many new branches and leaves germinated on the surface of the entire tree trunk, and no pests and diseases were found during this period, and the wound at the damaged part of the tree trunk healed.

[0081] Experimental Example 1

[0082] Take soil samples around ancient camphor trees 1 year before and 1 year after using the methods of Examples 1 - 3 respectively as Experimental Groups 1 - 3 to test the physical and chemical properties of the soil around the ancient camphor trees before and after the protection. At the same time, take soil samples around ancient camphor trees without any treatment as the control group. Detect the pH value, EC value, and organic matter of the soil of ancient camphor trees according to the conventional method. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0083] Table 1 Effects of Different Treatments on the Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soil around Ancient Camphor Trees

[0084]

[0085] Soil pH value is a comprehensive manifestation of soil chemical properties. Ancient camphor trees are suitable to grow in weakly acidic soil. A relatively high soil pH value will reduce the effectiveness of certain nutrient elements, affect the release of nutrients, and also affect the activities of soil microorganisms, thus jointly affecting the growth of plants. The experimental results show that with the growth of ancient camphor trees, the pH value of the soil around the ancient camphor trees without any treatment shows an upward trend. When the method of the present invention is used to protect ancient camphor trees, the pH value of the soil around the ancient camphor trees can be effectively improved, so that the pH value of the soil around the ancient trees does not increase due to the growth of the ancient trees, and the soil around the ancient trees is maintained at a pH value more suitable for the growth of the ancient trees, which is beneficial to the growth of ancient camphor trees.

[0086] The EC value is the conductivity of the soil solution, which can reflect the total amount of soluble ions in the soil and indirectly reflect the concentration of soluble nutrients in the soil. By comparing the EC values of the soil before and after protection, it can be seen that with the growth of ancient camphor trees, the EC value of the soil around the ancient camphor trees without any treatment shows an upward trend, indicating that with the growth of ancient trees, the absorption capacity of soluble nutrients in the ancient tree soil gradually decreases, which may also be the reason for the gradual decline symptoms of ancient trees. After using the method of the present invention, the concentration of soluble nutrients in the soil decreases, indicating that the method of the present invention can promote the absorption of soil nutrients by ancient camphor trees, and thus promote the growth of ancient trees. From the change of the EC value before and after protection in Table 1, it can be seen that the change of the soil EC value is not obvious. The reasons are analyzed as follows: (1) Since the time for collecting soil for detection is only 1 year after protection, although the weak ancient camphor trees can recover their tree vigor, due to only one protection, there is no huge change; (2) Protecting ancient trees is a gradual process. If ancient camphor trees directly absorb too much nutrients, it will accelerate the decline of ancient camphor trees and is not conducive to the protection of ancient camphor trees.

[0087] Soil organic matter is an important component of the soil. It is both the source of plant mineral nutrition and organic nutrition, and the energy source of heterotrophic microorganisms in the soil. It is an important factor in forming soil structure, an important indicator for identifying soil fertility, and the essence of fertility formation. From the determination results of organic matter before and after protection in Table 1, it can be seen that the method of the present invention can significantly increase the content of soil organic matter, indicating that the method of the present invention can accumulate the organic matter in the soil, increase the soil fertility, and thus is beneficial to the growth of ancient camphor trees, providing necessary nutrient components for the growth of new branches and leaves of ancient camphor trees.

[0088] Experimental Example 2

[0089] Before and 1 year after adopting the methods of Examples 1 to 3 respectively, the leaves of ancient camphor trees were randomly sampled as Experimental Groups 1 to 3. At the same time, the leaves of ancient camphor trees without any treatment were sampled as the control group. The changes in the leaves were tested, and the dry weight, fresh weight, and the contents of nutrient elements N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Cu, and Fe in the leaves of ancient camphor trees were detected according to the conventional method. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0090] Table 2 Effects of Different Treatments on the Fresh Weight / Dry Weight of 30 Leaves of Ancient Camphor Trees

[0091]

[0092] Table 3 Effects of Different Treatments on the Contents of Nutrient Elements in the Leaves of Ancient Camphor Trees

[0093]

[0094] As can be seen from Table 2, different treatments have different effects on the fresh weight and dry weight of the leaves of ancient camphor trees. All the different treatment groups have a promoting effect on the increase in the fresh weight and dry weight quality of the leaves of ancient camphor trees, and the effect of Example 1 is the most significant. At the end of the experiment, the fresh leaf weight of the ancient camphor tree increased by 44.37% compared with the control group, and the dry leaf weight increased by 20.38% compared with the control group, indicating that adopting the method of the present invention is beneficial to the protection of ancient camphor trees and can enhance the growth potential of ancient camphor trees.

[0095] As can be seen from Table 3, except for Cu and Na, the contents of nutrient elements in ancient camphor trees in different treatment groups are significantly higher than those in the control group. There is no significant difference in the Cu element content between each treatment group and the control group, and the Na content in each treatment group is much lower than that in the control group. Analyzing the reasons, it may be that Cu and Na belong to trace elements, and when their contents are too high, they will cause harm to the metabolism of plants. When measured in this application, the contents of Cu and Na tend to be stable or decrease, indicating that it is a sign that the physiological functions of ancient camphor trees tend to be normal. After protecting the ancient camphor trees, the nutrient elements N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe in the leaves are all significantly greater than those in the control group, indicating that these nutrient elements are needed when the ancient camphor trees are growing, and by improving the soil structure around the ancient trees, it helps the ancient trees to absorb mineral nutrient elements, thereby achieving the protection of ancient trees and promoting the regeneration of new branches and leaves of ancient trees. Cu and Na belong to trace elements, and when their contents exceed a certain range, they will have a toxic effect on the growth of plants. In the present invention, Cu tends to be stable and can significantly reduce the Na content, indicating that adopting the method of the present invention can effectively protect ancient camphor trees and promote their growth.

[0096] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for protecting ancient camphor trees, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Clean the tree trunk; (2) Apply solid organic fertilizer around the old trees to improve the permeability of the soil around the old trees and increase soil fertility; (3) Water the roots of old trees and / or spray them with liquid organic fertilizer to prevent and control pests and diseases and provide nutrients to the trees.

2. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trunk cleaning is to remove pollutants attached to the surface of the ancient tree by physical cleaning, and / or to clean the rotten and deteriorated parts of the ancient tree to form a clean trunk.

3. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid organic fertilizer described in step (2) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 40 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 15 to 30 parts of discarded mushroom bags, 1 to 5 parts of Artemisia capillaris, 1 to 5 parts of tangerine peel, 5 to 10 parts of tea stems, and 0.01 to 0.1 parts of microbial agent.

4. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microbial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum in a mass ratio of 1:0.5-2.

5. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the solid organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing and mixing livestock and poultry excrement, discarded fungus bags, Artemisia capillaris, tangerine peel and tea stems, controlling the water content of the mixed raw materials to be 40% to 60%, performing composting and fermentation treatment to obtain a fermentation product, drying and crushing the fermentation product, adding a microbial agent and mixing well to obtain a solid organic fertilizer.

6. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of using the solid organic fertilizer is to apply 20-40 cm wide and 0.5-2 cm thick solid organic fertilizer around the trunk of the ancient tree at a distance of 30-50 cm, loosen the soil around the ancient tree, and mix the organic fertilizer with the soil around the ancient tree.

7. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid organic fertilizer in step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 to 30 parts of bagasse, 10 to 20 parts of pine sawdust, 3 to 10 parts of mugwort, 0.1 to 0.5 parts of EM bacterial agent, 5 to 10 parts of tobacco stems, 1 to 3 mg / L of plant growth hormone NAA, and 0.1 to 1 mg / L of cytokinin 6-BA.

8. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the liquid organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing bagasse, pine sawdust, mugwort and tobacco stems, mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixture, adding EM bacterial agent and water 5 to 10 times the mass of the mixture, performing anaerobic fermentation, filtering, sterilizing to obtain a fermentation liquid, adding plant growth hormone NAA and cytokinin 6-BA to the fermentation liquid, mixing them uniformly to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer.

9. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root irrigation is to dig a 15-30 cm wide and 10-20 cm deep circular trench around the trunk of the ancient tree at a distance of 80-150 cm, apply liquid organic fertilizer along the trench, and irrigate the roots once every 20-30 days, for a total of 1-5 times.

10. The method for protecting ancient camphor trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying is to spray the liquid organic fertilizer directly on the tree trunks, branches and leaves until they are wet, spraying once every 6 to 10 days, and spraying 5 to 10 times in total.

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