Irrigation water-saving treatment circulating system for agricultural arid region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation water circulation, and discloses an irrigation water-saving treatment circulation system for an agricultural arid region, which comprises an irrigation module, a permeation module, a secondary filtration module, a tertiary filtration module, a detection module and a water storage module, the permeation module is used for primarily filtering permeation water generated by irrigation, filtering particles, pesticide molecules and some pigments and peculiar smell substances carried by the permeation water, primarily filtering through a sand layer, an activated carbon layer and a gravel layer, filtering impurity particles and residual pesticide particles carried in the permeation water, reducing the concentration of pesticide in the permeation water, and improving the irrigation efficiency; the permeation module is used for filtering permeation water to keep the permeation water clean, the secondary filtering module is used for filtering unfiltered pesticide components in the permeation water, the permeation water passing through the permeation module is injected into the photocatalytic oxidation device through a pipeline, and pesticide is degraded and removed through chemical reaction; and the purpose of purifying water is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of irrigation water circulation, and more specifically discloses an irrigation water-saving treatment and recycling system for agricultural arid areas. Background Art

[0002] An agricultural arid area refers to the phenomenon that during the growth period of crops, due to the continuous shortage of soil moisture, the water deficit in the crop body is caused, affecting the normal growth and development of the crops. The main characteristics of agricultural arid areas are: less precipitation, continuous shortage of soil moisture, affecting crop growth, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to recycle the irrigation water-saving treatment in agricultural arid areas to improve the water resource utilization efficiency.

[0003] In the prior art, the patent document with the authorization announcement number CN110050615A discloses "a new type of water-saving irrigation system for agricultural greenhouse planting"; including a greenhouse body and an energy-saving irrigation system. A planting plate is arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the greenhouse body. The planting plate includes a first planting groove, a second planting groove and a third planting groove. A first humidity sensor, a second humidity sensor and a third humidity sensor are respectively installed in the first planting groove, the second planting groove and the third planting groove.

[0004] Although in the prior art, personalized irrigation can be carried out for crops with different humidity requirements, so that the crops can make full use of water resources without waste, during the growth process of the crops, pesticides need to be sprayed on the crops. After the pesticides are mixed with the irrigation water, they penetrate downward and directly flow back into the reservoir through the pipeline, causing pollution of the water stored in the reservoir, which will harm the growth of the crops during irrigation and change the soil properties at the same time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an irrigation water-saving treatment and recycling system for agricultural arid areas, which can solve the problem that the pesticide components in the infiltrated water in the prior art are directly filtered through the pipeline and flow back into the reservoir without filtration, causing water pollution in the reservoir.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, more specifically, it is an irrigation water-saving treatment and recycling system for agricultural arid areas, including: an irrigation module, a penetration module, a secondary filtration module, a tertiary filtration module, a detection module, and a water storage module;

[0007] The irrigation module drips the irrigation water source into the soil near the roots of the crops in a drip irrigation manner;

[0008] The penetration module performs preliminary filtration on the infiltrated water generated by irrigation, and filters the particulate matter, pesticide molecules, and some pigment and odor substances carried by the infiltrated water;

[0009] The secondary filtration module filters the unfiltered pesticide components in the infiltrated water;

[0010] A three - stage filtration module for filtering insoluble substances, incompletely degraded organic polymer aggregates, and pesticide residues generated in the secondary filtration module;

[0011] A detection module for detecting harmful substances in the filtered permeated water;

[0012] A water storage module for storing the permeated water that has been filtered and passed the detection.

[0013] Furthermore, the irrigation module includes: a drip irrigation main pipeline and a fertilizer tank;

[0014] The drip irrigation main pipeline is used to directly drip irrigation water onto the soil around the roots of crops through the drip irrigation main pipeline;

[0015] The fertilizer tank has a bypass pipe installed on the drip irrigation main pipeline and the fertilizer tank is connected to the bypass pipe. When fertilization is required, by opening the valve on the bypass pipe, the mixed pesticide liquid in the fertilizer tank enters the drip irrigation main pipeline and drips onto the roots of crops.

[0016] Furthermore, the permeation module includes: a physical filtration layer, an activated carbon layer, and a gravel layer;

[0017] The physical filtration layer is used for the preliminary filtration of permeated water containing pesticides or permeated water without pesticides, intercepting impurities or pesticide particles in the permeated water;

[0018] The activated carbon layer. Activated carbon has a strong adsorption capacity and can effectively filter the residual pesticides in the permeated water filtered by the physical filtration layer, further reducing the concentration of pesticides in the permeated water;

[0019] The gravel layer is used to provide a stable support structure for the activated carbon layer, preventing the activated carbon from shifting or being compacted under the action of water flow impact or its own gravity, ensuring that the activated carbon layer maintains a uniform thickness and pore structure, maintaining a good filtration effect, and at the same time helping the permeated water to pass through the activated carbon layer evenly. Meanwhile, the gravel layer can intercept fine particles or impurities that may be generated during the activated carbon filtration process, preventing these substances from entering subsequent pipelines or equipment with the water flow and causing blockages.

[0020] Furthermore, the physical filtration layer includes: a soil layer and a sand layer;

[0021] The soil layer can improve the water - retaining and fertilizer - retaining performance, providing a relatively stable water and fertilizer environment for crop growth. In addition, the soil has a certain viscosity and aggregation, which can better fix the crop roots and make the crop grow more firmly;

[0022] The sand layer has relatively large particles, a high porosity, and strong water and air permeability. It can provide sufficient oxygen for the roots of crops and prevent waterlogging in the soil, avoiding oxygen deficiency and root rot of plants caused by waterlogging. When the irrigation water seeps through the soil layer into the sand layer, the sand layer can play a role in filtering and purification.

[0023] Furthermore, the secondary filtration module includes: a photocatalytic oxidation block;

[0024] The photocatalytic oxidation block is used to remove the residual pesticide components in the permeated water filtered by the permeation module and oxidize them into carbon dioxide, water, and other non-toxic small molecule substances.

[0025] Furthermore, the tertiary filtration module includes: a filter screen and activated carbon;

[0026] The filter screen is used to filter the newly insoluble particles generated during the filtration in the secondary filtration module to prevent them from entering the water storage module and causing blockages in the water pump, drip irrigation nozzles, and water conveyance pipelines;

[0027] The activated carbon performs secondary adsorption filtration on the permeated water filtered by the secondary filtration module to further remove impurities and adsorb residual harmful substances.

[0028] Furthermore, the detection module includes: unqualified and qualified;

[0029] Unqualified is used to detect the pesticide residues in the permeated water entering the detection module. If there are still pesticide residues, it is unqualified. At this time, the unqualified permeated water in the detection module is re-transported to the secondary detection module through the pipeline for re-filtration;

[0030] Qualified is used to transport the qualified permeated water in the detection module to the water storage module for storage through the conveying pipeline.

[0031] The beneficial effects of an irrigation water-saving treatment and recycling system for agricultural arid areas in the present invention are as follows: When the infiltrated water after irrigation flows back to the water storage module, it needs to go through three filtrations. The first filtration is a preliminary filtration through a sand layer, an activated carbon layer, and a gravel layer to filter out the impurity particles and residual pesticide particles carried in the infiltrated water, reduce the concentration of pesticides in the infiltrated water, and keep the infiltrated water clean. Then, a secondary filtration is carried out. The infiltrated water passing through the infiltration module is injected into the photocatalytic oxidation device through a pipeline. Through a chemical reaction, the pesticides are degraded and removed, and gradually decomposed into small molecule substances such as carbon dioxide, water, and some harmless inorganic ions, etc., so as to achieve the degradation and removal of pesticides in the infiltrated water and achieve the purpose of purifying the water quality. Finally, through the third filtration, the new water-insoluble particles generated during the secondary filtration are filtered out, further removing impurities and adsorbing residual harmful substances, and the pesticide residues in the filtered infiltrated water are detected by the detection module. If it is qualified, it is injected into the water storage module through a pipeline for subsequent irrigation. If it is unqualified, it is returned to the front end of the system for re-filtration treatment, so that the pesticide content in the infiltrated water can be reduced, making it available for irrigation water, avoiding the harm to crop growth caused by direct use without filtration, and at the same time changing the soil properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system principle. SPECIFIC IMPLEMENTATION MANNER

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0035] According to one aspect of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, an irrigation water-saving treatment and recycling system for agricultural arid areas is provided, including: an irrigation module for dripping irrigation water into the soil near the roots of crops. This module includes: a drip irrigation main pipeline for directly dripping irrigation water through the drip irrigation main pipeline onto the soil around the roots of crops. For example, the irrigation water at the water storage module can be directly dripped onto the roots of crops through the drip irrigation main pipeline;

[0036] Fertilizer tank: A bypass pipe is installed on the main drip irrigation pipe, and the fertilizer tank is connected to the bypass pipe. When fertilization is required, by opening the valve on the bypass pipe, the mixed pesticide liquid in the fertilizer tank enters the main drip irrigation pipe and drips onto the roots of the crops. For example, when fertilizing, the mixed pesticide liquid is poured into the fertilizer tank and the valve on the bypass pipe is opened. Then the pesticide liquid enters the main drip irrigation pipe through the bypass pipe and is transported to the roots of the crops along with the irrigation water. When not fertilizing, the valve on the bypass pipe is closed, and the irrigation water directly drips onto the roots of the crops through the main drip irrigation pipe, realizing separate control of irrigation water and fertilization. At the same time, the concentration of the fertilizer solution in the fertilizer tank can be adjusted according to the needs of the crops to ensure the accuracy of fertilization.

[0037] Percolation module: It is used for the preliminary filtration of the percolated water after irrigation. This module includes: a physical filtration layer, which is used for the preliminary filtration of the percolated water containing pesticides or the percolated water without pesticides, and intercepts impurities or pesticide particles in the percolated water. The physical filtration layer is further subdivided into a soil layer and a sand layer. The soil in the soil layer can improve the water and fertilizer retention performance, providing a relatively stable water and fertilizer environment for the growth of crops. In addition, the soil has a certain viscosity and aggregation, which can better fix the crop roots and make the growth of crops more stable. The sand and gravel have larger particles, a high porosity, and strong water and air permeability, which can provide sufficient oxygen for the crop roots and prevent waterlogging in the soil, avoiding hypoxia and rot of plant roots caused by waterlogging. When the irrigation water percolates through the soil layer to the sand layer, the sand layer can play a role in filtration and purification.

[0038] Activated carbon layer: Activated carbon has a strong adsorption capacity. Its adsorption capacity can be divided into physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Physical adsorption is due to the van der Waals force between the surface of activated carbon and pesticide molecules, which makes the pesticide molecules adsorbed on the pore surface of activated carbon. Chemical adsorption is that the functional groups on the surface of activated carbon react with pesticide molecules to form chemical bonds, thereby adsorbing the pesticides. It can effectively filter the residual pesticides in the percolated water filtered by the physical filtration layer and further reduce the concentration of pesticides in the percolated water. The staff replaces it according to the actual situation or the set time. When replacing, first close the inlet and outlet valves of the entire water storage module to ensure operation safety, carefully remove the old activated carbon, and avoid leakage of activated carbon powder to pollute the environment. When installing the new activated carbon, it should be evenly laid to ensure its tight filling and consistent thickness. After replacement, the physical filtration layer is re-laid flat and put back into use after replacement.

[0039] A gravel layer, which provides a stable support structure for the activated carbon layer, prevents the activated carbon from displacement or compaction under the impact of water flow or its own gravity, ensures that the activated carbon layer maintains a uniform thickness and pore structure, maintains a good filtration effect, and at the same time helps the permeated water to pass through the activated carbon layer evenly. Meanwhile, the gravel layer can intercept fine particles or impurities that may be generated during the activated carbon filtration process, preventing these substances from entering subsequent pipelines or equipment with the water flow and causing blockages.

[0040] A secondary filtration module filters the unfiltered pesticide components in the permeated water. This module includes: a photocatalytic oxidation block, which is used to remove the residual pesticide components in the permeated water filtered by the permeation module and oxidize them into carbon dioxide, water and other non-toxic small molecule substances. Photocatalytic oxidation does not separate pesticides from the permeated water by physical means like filtration, but degrades and removes pesticides through chemical reactions. The specific process is as follows: When the photocatalyst (such as titanium dioxide TiO2) is irradiated by light of a specific wavelength, the electrons in its valence band absorb photon energy and are excited and transition to the conduction band, leaving holes in the valence band at the same time, forming electron-hole pairs; the holes in the valence band have strong oxidation ability and can react with the permeated water or adsorbed hydroxide ions to generate highly oxidizing hydroxyl radicals (·OH). Hydroxyl radicals have high reactivity, and they can undergo redox reactions with pesticide molecules in the permeated water. These reactions will break the chemical bonds of the pesticide molecules and gradually decompose them into small molecule substances such as carbon dioxide, water and some harmless inorganic ions, thus achieving the degradation and removal of pesticides in the permeated water and purifying the water quality. At the same time, the electrons in the conduction band have a certain reducing ability and can react with oxygen (O2) adsorbed on the surface of the photocatalyst to generate superoxide radicals (·O2 - ), and superoxide radicals can also participate in redox reactions to further decompose pesticides; in addition, because the photocatalyst itself does not undergo permanent changes during the reaction process and can be reused, and the light conditions are sufficient in arid areas, as long as there are enough reactants, the above redox reactions will continue to decompose and purify the pesticides in the permeated water continuously.

[0041] Tertiary filtration module, used to filter the insoluble substances, incompletely degraded organic polymer aggregates, and pesticide residues generated in the secondary filtration module. This module includes: a filter screen, used to filter the newly water-insoluble particles generated during the filtration in the secondary filtration module, to prevent them from entering the water storage module and causing blockages in the water pump, drip irrigation nozzles, and water conveyance pipelines. For example, during the degradation process of pesticide molecules, some organic substances in polymeric or complex structures may be formed, and these substances may be insoluble in water and form particles, so they need to be filtered. After being filtered at the filter screen, they are further filtered by the subsequent activated carbon. For intercepting the insoluble particles generated by pesticide degradation, the filtration accuracy can be set between 0.1 - 0.5 millimeters. If smaller particles are expected, a filter screen with a higher filtration accuracy can be selected, such as 0.05 millimeters. However, it should be noted that the higher the filtration accuracy, the greater the water flow resistance, and it may be necessary to appropriately increase the water pump power to ensure normal water flow through;

[0042] Activated carbon, used to perform secondary adsorption filtration on the permeate water filtered by the secondary filtration module, and cooperate with the filter screen to further remove impurities and adsorb residual harmful substances, further improving the quality of the permeate water. However, it should be noted that the filter screen and activated carbon need to be replaced regularly (according to the specified time) to ensure their filtration and adsorption performance. The activated carbon is coconut shell activated carbon.

[0043] Detection module, used to detect harmful substances in the filtered permeate water. This module includes: unqualified, used to detect pesticide residues in the permeate water entering the detection module. If there are still pesticide residues, it is unqualified. At this time, the unqualified permeate water in the detection module is retransported to the secondary detection module through a pipeline for re-filtration;

[0044] Qualified, used to transport the qualified permeate water detected in the detection module to the water storage module for storage through a conveying pipeline;

[0045] The staff extracts (at the same location) the permeate water that has undergone three - stage filtration by stratified sampling (stratified by time, according to different time periods in a day: such as morning, noon, and evening), and uses chromatography or spectroscopy to detect whether its content is qualified. Since the impurities in the permeate water have been filtered before detection, the detection is less affected by impurities during detection, improving the accuracy of the detection results. Among them, for the permeate water with a relatively stable source and small water quality fluctuations, manual detection can be carried out once a week; for the situation with large water quality changes, the detection frequency can be appropriately increased to once a day or multiple times.

[0046] Water storage module, used to store the filtered and detected qualified permeate water.

[0047] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the scope of the patent for the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An irrigation water-saving treatment circulation system for agricultural arid areas, characterized in that: include: Irrigation module, infiltration module, secondary filtration module, tertiary filtration module, detection module, water storage module; The irrigation module drips the irrigation water into the soil near the roots of the crops through drip irrigation; The infiltration module performs preliminary filtration on the infiltration water produced by irrigation, filtering out the particulate matter, pesticide molecules, and some pigments and odor substances carried by the infiltration water; The secondary filtration module filters the unfiltered pesticide components in the permeated water; The tertiary filtration module is used to filter the insoluble substances, incompletely degraded organic polymers, and pesticide residues generated in the secondary filtration module; A detection module, used to detect harmful substances in the filtered permeate water; The water storage module is used to store the filtered and qualified permeated water.

2. The irrigation water-saving treatment circulation system for agricultural arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The irrigation module includes: a drip irrigation main pipeline and a fertilization tank; Drip irrigation main pipe, used to drip irrigation water directly into the soil around the roots of crops through the drip irrigation main pipe; A fertilizer tank is installed with a bypass pipe on the drip irrigation main pipe and the fertilizer tank is connected to the bypass pipe. When fertilization is needed, the valve on the bypass pipe is opened to allow the mixed pesticide liquid in the fertilizer tank to enter the drip irrigation main pipe and drip into the roots of the crops.

3. The irrigation water-saving treatment circulation system for agricultural arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The infiltration module includes: a physical filtration layer, an activated carbon layer, and a gravel layer; The physical filtration layer is used to preliminarily filter the permeated water containing pesticides or the permeated water without pesticides, and intercept the impurities or pesticide particles in the permeated water; Activated carbon layer: Activated carbon has a strong adsorption capacity and can effectively filter out the residual pesticides in the permeated water filtered by the physical filtration layer, further reducing the concentration of pesticides in the permeated water; The gravel layer is used to provide a stable support structure for the activated carbon layer, preventing the activated carbon from being displaced or compacted under the impact of water flow or its own gravity, ensuring that the activated carbon layer maintains a uniform thickness and pore structure, maintaining a good filtration effect, and helping the infiltrated water to pass through the activated carbon layer evenly. At the same time, the gravel layer can intercept fine particles or impurities that may be produced during the activated carbon filtration process, preventing these substances from entering subsequent pipes or equipment with the water flow and causing blockage.

4. The irrigation water-saving treatment circulation system for agricultural arid areas according to claim 3 is characterized by: The physical filtration layer includes: a soil layer and a sand layer; Soil layer: Soil can improve water and fertilizer retention performance, providing a relatively stable water and fertilizer environment for crop growth. In addition, soil has a certain viscosity and agglomeration, which can better fix the root system of crops and make crop growth more stable. The sand layer has larger particles, high porosity, and strong water and air permeability. It can provide sufficient oxygen for the crop roots and prevent water accumulation in the soil, thus avoiding hypoxia and rot of plant roots caused by water accumulation. When irrigation water penetrates into the sand layer through the soil layer, the sand layer can play a role of filtering and purifying.

5. The irrigation water-saving treatment circulation system for agricultural arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The secondary filtration module includes: a photocatalytic oxidation block; The photocatalytic oxidation block is used to remove the residual pesticide components in the permeate water filtered by the permeation module, and oxidize them into carbon dioxide, water and other non-toxic small molecules.

6. The irrigation water-saving treatment circulation system for agricultural arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The three-stage filtration module includes: a filter screen and activated carbon; The filter screen is used to filter the new water-insoluble particles generated during the filtration in the secondary filtration module to prevent them from entering the water storage module and causing blockage of the water pump, drip irrigation nozzle, and water delivery pipeline; Activated carbon performs secondary adsorption filtration on the permeate water after being filtered by the secondary filtration module to further remove impurities and adsorb residual harmful substances.

7. The irrigation water-saving treatment circulation system for agricultural arid areas according to claim 1 is characterized by: The detection module includes: unqualified, qualified; Failure is used to test the pesticide residues in the permeated water entering the detection module. If there are still pesticide residues, it is unqualified. At this time, the unqualified permeated water in the detection module is re-transported to the secondary detection module through the pipeline for re-filtration; Qualified, used to transport the qualified infiltration water in the detection module to the water storage module through the delivery pipeline for storage.

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