Opposed piston actuating mechanism and opposed piston two-stroke engine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and discloses an opposed piston actuating mechanism and an opposed piston two-stroke engine, which comprise a reciprocating action mechanism, an action connecting rod mechanism and a cylinder assembly, the reciprocating action mechanism is respectively matched with the action connecting rod mechanism and the cylinder assembly and horizontally reciprocates; the air cylinder assembly comprises a main air cylinder provided with a main piston and an auxiliary air cylinder provided with an auxiliary piston. The reciprocating action mechanism drives the main piston to do horizontal reciprocating action; at least two groups of action connecting rod mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the circumference of the outer side of the cylinder assembly; the front end of the action connecting rod mechanism is driven by the reciprocating action machine; the rear end of the action connecting rod mechanism drives the auxiliary piston to horizontally reciprocate. When the main piston and the auxiliary piston act synchronously, friction between the main piston and the auxiliary piston and the wall of the air cylinder is reduced, the air compression piston and the auxiliary piston act synchronously to achieve automatic air suction and air compression of the air compression air cylinder and be used for air cylinder assembly scavenging, an external compressor for air scavenging is omitted, structure simplification is facilitated, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to an opposed piston actuator and an opposed piston two-stroke engine. Background Art

[0002] Compared with four-stroke engines, two-stroke engines have the advantages of high power-to-weight ratio, simple and reliable structure, and low cost. The earliest invented two-stroke engine has a piston arranged in one cylinder, and the piston reciprocates up and down by a crank connecting rod mechanism arranged on one side of the cylinder. An air inlet and an exhaust port are opened near the bottom dead center in the cylinder, and the piston's up and down movement is used to open or close the air inlet and the exhaust port to complete the scavenging function and realize the two-stroke cycle. Due to its lubrication and loop scavenging method, this engine has the disadvantages of burning oil, fuel waste caused by the mixture being exhausted with the scavenging air, and incomplete scavenging. In order to overcome these disadvantages, as early as the late 19th century, Hugo Junkers invented the two-stroke opposed piston engine. Compared with traditional two-stroke and four-stroke internal combustion engines, the main advantage of this engine structure is that the cylinder head is eliminated. Its structural characteristics are: two pistons share one cylinder, and the top surfaces are symmetrically arranged face to face. The two pistons are respectively connected to the crank connecting rod mechanisms arranged at both ends of the cylinder to realize the opening and closing movement of the pistons. And air inlets and exhaust ports are respectively opened on the radial cylinder walls near the left and right ends of the cylinder. The air inlets and exhaust ports are opened or closed by the opening and closing of the pistons in the cylinder to realize the scavenging and gas exchange functions and complete the two-stroke cycle.

[0003] However, the main disadvantages brought by the Junkers two-stroke opposed piston engine due to the arrangement of crank connecting rod mechanisms at both ends of the cylinder are: the axial dimension of the engine is too long, and the two crankshafts need to be synchronized and power output, and multiple gears need to be added for coupling and current collection, resulting in an overly complex engine system structure.

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the Junkers engine, many companies and individuals have successively improved and perfected this structure. Among them, the American company Achates Power Inc. invented an improved opposed-piston two-stroke internal combustion engine with the patent number ZL200580023840.9 based on the above engine. The cylinder and piston parts of this internal combustion engine and its working principle are the same as those of the Junkers engine, except that the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is moved from both ends of the cylinder block to both sides of the cylinder block, and is respectively hinged to the two pistons through four connecting rods to realize the opening and closing movement of the pistons. This setting shortens the distance between the two crankshafts and the distance of the current collecting mechanism between the power outputs of the two crankshafts. It greatly reduces the size of the engine in the axial direction of the cylinder axis. At the same time, since the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is arranged symmetrically to drive the piston, the side pressure of the piston on the cylinder wall and the friction between the piston and the cylinder wall are reduced. However, due to the large space occupied by the envelope of the crankshaft connecting rod mechanism arranged on both sides of the cylinder, the Achates engine has the disadvantages of a relatively large longitudinal size and a large number of moving parts. In addition, since the cylinder is surrounded by two sets of crankshaft connecting rod mechanisms in the middle, it is extremely unfavorable for the cylinder to dissipate heat.

[0005] In recent years, the American company ecmotor has introduced the invention of its latest opposed-piston opposed-cylinder two-stroke engine with the patent number 201210409885.1. The cylinder and piston parts of this engine and its working principle are the same as those of the above two inventions, except that the crankshaft connecting rod part is different. This engine uses a crankshaft arranged between two cylinders, and multiple crank throws are arranged on the crankshaft to respectively connect two pairs of pistons in the left and right cylinders through connecting rods for opposed opening and closing movement. Not only is the structure simpler, but also one crankshaft drives two pairs of opposed pistons in two opposed cylinders at the same time, making its structure more compact and simple, and the efficiency and power-to-weight ratio of the engine higher.

[0006] Although the invention of the ecmotor company has solved some of the shortcomings and deficiencies of the previous two engines, there are still some problems. When the crankshaft connecting rod drives the piston to make a reciprocating motion, the swinging of the connecting rod will cause a lateral component force of the piston on the cylinder wall, which will cause wear and power consumption between the piston and the cylinder wall. In addition, this engine also needs to additionally increase an external air compressor to generate compressed air for scavenging, which increases the complexity of the system, the weight of the whole machine and the cost. It can be seen that there is still room for further improvement in the current two-stroke opposed-piston engine. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects, the present invention provides an opposed piston actuator and an opposed piston two-stroke engine. By improving the action structure of the engine, the piston can perform a linear reciprocating motion along the axial direction within the cylinder assembly of the engine, thereby reducing the friction between the piston and the cylinder assembly. The scavenging intake can be achieved by the cooperation of the auxiliary piston and the supercharging piston, eliminating the compressor externally provided for scavenging, which is beneficial to the simplification of the structure and cost reduction.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the opposed piston actuator disclosed by the present invention can adopt the following technical solutions:

[0009] An opposed piston actuator includes a reciprocating motion mechanism, a motion link mechanism, and a cylinder assembly;

[0010] The reciprocating motion mechanism is respectively cooperated with the motion link mechanism and the cylinder assembly and performs a reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction;

[0011] The cylinder assembly includes a main cylinder and an auxiliary cylinder. A main piston is arranged in the main cylinder, and an auxiliary piston is arranged in the auxiliary cylinder; the reciprocating motion mechanism is connected to the main piston and drives the main piston to perform a reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction. At least two groups of motion link mechanisms are arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder assembly. The motion link mechanisms are symmetrically arranged with the linear motion direction of the reciprocating motion mechanism as the axis of symmetry. The front end of the motion link mechanism is cooperated with the reciprocating motion mechanism and is synchronously driven, and the rear end of the motion link mechanism drives the auxiliary piston to perform a reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction.

[0012] Further, the motion link mechanism includes a support rod, a rocker, and a push-pull rod. The front end of the support rod is hinged to a fixed part, the rear end of the support rod is hinged to the rocker, the front end of the rocker is hinged and cooperated with the reciprocating motion mechanism, the rear end of the rocker is hinged to the front end of the push-pull rod, and the rear end of the push-pull rod drives the auxiliary piston.

[0013] For the above-disclosed motion link mechanism, the support rod is used for supporting and transmitting force. When the front end of the rocker synchronously moves with the reciprocating motion mechanism, the rear end of the rocker synchronously moves in the opposite direction, and the support rod serves as the force-receiving point of the rocker; at the same time, the rear end of the rocker drives the push-pull rod to perform a synchronous reciprocating motion.

[0014] In some solutions, the cooperation and application of this link structure can drive the corresponding moving parts to perform synchronous motions, such as performing opposite motions or separating motions. When applied to an engine with two pistons, it can drive the two relatively arranged pistons to synchronously move towards each other or move away from each other.

[0015] When an opposed piston actuator is applied to an engine, the main piston and the auxiliary piston moving towards each other can achieve the compression process of the engine. When the main piston and the auxiliary piston move away from each other, it is the power stroke of the engine. Scavenging is completed when the main piston and the auxiliary piston move away to the dead center position.

[0016] Furthermore, the opposed piston actuator can not only drive the single-cylinder structure to act, but also drive the multi-cylinder structure to act by reasonably setting the action link mechanism. Its structure is not uniquely limited. Here, an optimization is carried out and one feasible option is proposed: cylinder assemblies are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism, and the action link mechanism is arranged on the cylinder assemblies. The reciprocating mechanism drives the main pistons of the corresponding cylinder assemblies at both ends to move synchronously, and the action link mechanisms at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism drive the auxiliary pistons of the corresponding cylinder assemblies to move synchronously. When the above scheme is adopted, the cylinder assemblies arranged on both sides of the reciprocating mechanism form a double-cylinder structure. When the reciprocating mechanism drives the main and auxiliary pistons on one side to move relatively close to achieve the compression process, the main and auxiliary pistons on the other side move relatively away to achieve the power stroke.

[0017] Furthermore, the reciprocating mechanism can adopt various schemes, and its structure is not uniquely limited. Here, an optimization is carried out and one feasible option is proposed: the reciprocating mechanism includes a crosshead. The crosshead is connected to the main piston and drives the main piston to reciprocate synchronously. The rocker of each action link mechanism is hinged to the front end of the crosshead, and the rear end of the crosshead is connected to the crankshaft through a crankshaft connecting rod and pushes the crankshaft to rotate synchronously. When the above scheme is adopted, the crosshead drives the main piston to reciprocate, and at the same time, it also synchronously drives the crankshaft connecting rod at the rear to drive the crankshaft to rotate.

[0018] Still further, when the crosshead drives the crankshaft connecting rod, one feasible option is proposed here: the number of the crankshaft connecting rods is two, and the two crankshaft connecting rods are respectively fitted to their corresponding crankshafts. Synchronous gears are also arranged on the two crankshafts. When the above scheme is adopted, the two crankshafts are simultaneously pushed by the crosshead to drive the rear crankshaft to rotate. The two crankshafts rotate at the same speed under the meshing structure of the synchronous gears.

[0019] Furthermore, in addition to the above structure, the reciprocating mechanism can also adopt other structures. Here, an optimization is carried out and one feasible option is proposed: the reciprocating mechanism includes a rectangular internal tooth frame. The rectangular internal tooth frame is connected to the main piston and drives the main piston to reciprocate synchronously. The rocker of each action link mechanism is hinged to the end of the rectangular internal tooth frame. The rectangular internal tooth frame slides in the main body of the engine through a track; the rectangular internal tooth frame is provided with a kidney-shaped hole, and a rack is arranged on the flat section in the kidney-shaped hole. The output shaft passes through the kidney-shaped hole and is provided with a sector tooth surface to cooperate with the rack.

[0020] The above content discloses an opposed piston actuator, which can ensure the balanced force of the piston when applied to an engine, reduce the friction between the main and auxiliary pistons and the main and auxiliary cylinders, thereby improving the service life of parts.

[0021] An opposed piston two-stroke engine includes the above-mentioned opposed piston actuator and a main body. The cylinder assembly is at least located on one side of the main body. The cylinder assembly further includes a supercharging cylinder, in which a supercharging piston is arranged. The supercharging piston synchronously cooperates with the auxiliary piston; the cylinder assembly is provided with a main cylinder annular hole, an auxiliary cylinder annular hole and a supercharging cylinder air inlet and outlet. The supercharging cylinder air inlet and outlet are communicated to the main cylinder annular hole or the auxiliary cylinder annular hole through an intake passage, and a suction port is arranged on the intake passage.

[0022] The above-disclosed engine can adopt a single-cylinder or even multi-cylinder structure. One reciprocating mechanism on the output shaft can cooperate with two cylinder assemblies. At the same time, multiple reciprocating mechanisms can be arranged at other positions on the output shaft and respectively cooperate with the cylinder assemblies to form a multi-cylinder structure. The main and auxiliary pistons in each cylinder assembly act and transmit driving force to the reciprocating mechanism, and here the linear motion of the piston is converted into the rotary motion of the output shaft. When the main piston and the auxiliary piston in the cylinder assembly move towards each other, the supercharging piston and the auxiliary piston move synchronously to form a negative pressure in the inner cavity of the supercharging cylinder for suction; when the main piston and the auxiliary piston move away from each other, the supercharging piston and the auxiliary piston move synchronously to form a high pressure in the supercharging cylinder, and then the air in the supercharging cylinder is pressed into the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder. At this time, the air entering the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder increases the air pressure in the cylinder assembly and squeezes out the original gas in the cylinder assembly, thereby realizing the scavenging of the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder. This engine can realize self-scavenging by the actions of the main piston and the auxiliary piston, eliminating the compressor for scavenging externally, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0023] Further, the supercharging cylinder air inlet and outlet are communicated with the auxiliary cylinder annular hole on the auxiliary cylinder through an intake passage, or the supercharging cylinder air inlet and outlet are communicated with the main cylinder annular hole on the main cylinder through an intake passage. A one-way valve is arranged at the suction port, and the one-way valve allows external gas to enter the inner cavity of the supercharging cylinder unidirectionally from the suction port.

[0024] Further, during the operation of the engine, scavenging of the inside of the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder is realized through the intake passage. The intake passage can be constructed in various forms, and its structure is not uniquely limited. Here, an optimization is carried out and a feasible option is proposed: the intake passage includes an internal passage arranged in the cylinder assembly, and the internal passage communicates with the main cylinder annular hole or the auxiliary cylinder annular hole;

[0025] Alternatively, the intake passage includes an external passage disposed outside the compression cylinder, and the external passage communicates with the main cylinder annular hole or the auxiliary cylinder annular hole.

[0026] Furthermore, the specific arrangement of the air intake and exhaust structure on the cylinder block can adopt various layout methods, and its structure is not uniquely limited. Here, one feasible option is optimized and proposed: when the main piston and the auxiliary piston move away from each other, the main cylinder annular hole and the auxiliary cylinder annular hole are opened for scavenging; when the main piston and the auxiliary piston move closer to each other, the main cylinder annular hole and the auxiliary cylinder annular hole are closed to compress the gas, and after the compression is completed, ignition and work are carried out, thus realizing a two-stroke cycle. When the above scheme is adopted, the main cylinder and the auxiliary cylinder are of a direct-through structure. During the scavenging process, gas enters the main and auxiliary cylinders, squeezing out the exhaust gas in the main and auxiliary cylinders. The air intake and exhaust are unidirectional flows, and the scavenging efficiency is higher.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, some beneficial effects of the disclosed technical solution of the present invention include:

[0028] The opposed piston actuator drives the main piston and the auxiliary piston in the cylinder assembly to move synchronously, realizing the approach and separation of the main piston and the auxiliary piston. Due to this driving method, the friction between the main piston, the auxiliary piston and the cylinder wall is reduced; the compression piston and the auxiliary piston move synchronously, realizing the self-suction and compression of the compression cylinder and being used for scavenging the cylinder assembly, eliminating the compressor provided externally for scavenging, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the engine.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a front view schematic diagram of the engine.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the engine.

[0033] Figure 4 It is for Figure 3 the sectional view of the A-A longitudinal section in

[0034] Figure 5 It is for Figure 2 the sectional view of the B-B cross section in

[0035] Figure 6 Overall schematic diagram of the engine with the compressor cylinder head and main housing removed.

[0036] Figure 7 For Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at location A in

[0037] Figure 8 Internal schematic diagram of the engine with part of the main housing removed.

[0038] Figure 9 Side view schematic diagram of the engine with part of the main housing removed.

[0039] Figure 10 Front view schematic diagram of the engine with part of the main housing removed

[0040] Figure 11 For Figure 9 Cross-sectional view schematic diagram of the C-C section in

[0041] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the connecting rod assembly driving the main and auxiliary pistons to move.

[0042] Figure 13 Cross-sectional view schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder assembly.

[0043] Figure 14 For Figure 13 Isometric schematic diagram of

[0044] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure for intake from the main cylinder.

[0045] Figure 16 For Figure 15 Cross-sectional view schematic diagram of the D-D section in

[0046] Figure 17 Overall structure schematic diagram of the crosshead and crankshaft connecting rod set in Embodiment 3.

[0047] Figure 18 Front view schematic diagram of the crosshead and crankshaft connecting rod set in Embodiment 3.

[0048] Figure 19 Cross-sectional view schematic diagram of the engine adopting the actuator in Embodiment 3.

[0049] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the double-cylinder actuator constructed after setting the crosshead in Embodiment 3.

[0050] Figure 21 For the engine adopting Figure 20 The double-cylinder actuator in

[0051] In the above-mentioned drawings, the meanings of the respective marks are as follows:

[0052] 1. Main body; 101. Main housing; 102. Rectangular internal gear frame; 103. Track; 103a. Upper track; 103b. Lower track; 104. Sector gear shaft; 105. Crankshaft;

[0053] 2. Cylinder assembly; 201. Main cylinder; 202. Auxiliary cylinder; 203. Compression cylinder; 204. Cylinder head;

[0054] 3. Main piston; 301. Piston rod;

[0055] 4. Auxiliary piston;

[0056] 5. Compression piston;

[0057] 45. Combined piston structure;

[0058] 6. Support rod; 6a. Upper support rod; 6b. Lower support rod;

[0059] 7. Rocker arm; 7a. Upper rocker arm; 7b. Lower rocker arm;

[0060] 8. Push-pull rod; 8a. Upper push-pull rod; 8b. Lower push-pull rod;

[0061] 9. Annular hole of main cylinder;

[0062] 10. Annular hole of auxiliary cylinder;

[0063] 11. Inlet and outlet of compression cylinder;

[0064] 12. Internal passage;

[0065] 13. Suction port;

[0066] 14. Check valve;

[0067] 15. Injector;

[0068] 16. Spark plug;

[0069] 17. External passage;

[0070] 18. Crosshead;

[0071] 19. Crankshaft connecting rod;

[0072] 20. Synchronous gear. Specific embodiments

[0073] The following further explains this embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0074] Embodiment 1

[0075] As Figure 7 、 Figure 9 And Figure 10As shown, this embodiment provides an opposed piston actuator, including a reciprocating action mechanism, an action connecting rod mechanism and a cylinder assembly 2;

[0076] The reciprocating mechanism cooperates with the action connecting rod mechanism and the cylinder assembly to reciprocate in the horizontal direction;

[0077] The cylinder assembly 2 includes a main cylinder 201 and a sub-cylinder 202, wherein a main piston 3 is arranged in the main cylinder 201, and a sub-piston 4 is arranged in the sub-cylinder 202; the reciprocating mechanism is connected to the main piston 3 and drives the main piston 3 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, and at least two sets of action connecting rod mechanisms are arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder assembly 2, and the action connecting rod mechanisms are symmetrically arranged with the linear action direction of the reciprocating mechanism as the symmetry axis, the front end of the action connecting rod mechanism cooperates with the reciprocating machine and is driven synchronously, and the rear end of the action connecting rod mechanism drives the sub-piston 4 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction.

[0078] In this embodiment, the action connecting rod mechanism includes a support rod 6, a rocker arm 7 and a push-pull rod 8. The front end of the support rod 6 is hinged to the fixed part, the rear end of the support rod 6 is hinged to the rocker arm 7, the front end of the rocker arm 7 is hinged to the reciprocating action mechanism, the rear end of the rocker arm 7 is hinged to the front end of the push-pull rod 8, and the rear end of the push-pull rod 8 drives the secondary piston 4.

[0079] The action linkage mechanism disclosed in this embodiment has a support rod 6 that supports and transmits force. When the front end of the rocker arm 7 moves synchronously with the reciprocating action mechanism, the rear end of the rocker arm 7 moves synchronously in the opposite direction, and the support rod 6 serves as the force point of the rocker arm 7; at the same time, the rear end of the rocker arm 7 drives the push-pull rod 8 to reciprocate synchronously.

[0080] In some solutions, the connecting rod structure can be used in conjunction to drive the corresponding moving parts to perform synchronous movements, such as moving toward each other or moving away from each other. When used in a dual-piston engine, it can drive two relatively arranged pistons to move toward each other or move away from each other synchronously.

[0081] Preferably, the main piston 3 cooperates with the reciprocating mechanism through the piston rod 301.

[0082] Due to the synchronization of the opposed piston actuator, the synchronous action of the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 is achieved. When the opposed piston actuator is used in the engine, the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move toward each other for the compression process of the engine, and when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other, it is the power process of the engine. When the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other to the dead point position, the scavenging is completed.

[0083] The opposed piston actuator can not only drive the single-cylinder structure to act, but also drive the multi-cylinder structure to act by reasonably setting the action link mechanism. Its structure is not uniquely defined. In this embodiment, it is optimized and one of the feasible options is adopted: the cylinder assemblies 2 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the reciprocating motion mechanism, and the action link mechanism arranged on the cylinder assemblies 2. The reciprocating motion mechanism drives the main pistons 3 of the corresponding cylinder assemblies 2 at both ends to move synchronously, and the reciprocating motion mechanism drives the auxiliary pistons 4 of the corresponding cylinder assemblies 2 to move synchronously. When the above scheme is adopted, the cylinder assemblies 2 arranged on both sides of the reciprocating motion mechanism form a double-cylinder structure, that is, when the reciprocating motion mechanism drives the main and auxiliary pistons 4 on one side to move relatively close to realize the compression process, the main and auxiliary pistons 4 on the other side move relatively far away to realize the power generation process.

[0084] Embodiment 2

[0085] The above Embodiment 2 provides an opposed piston actuator, and another specific opposed piston actuator is proposed based on this embodiment.

[0086] Specifically, the improvements to the actuator in this embodiment mainly include the matching structure at the reciprocating motion mechanism.

[0087] The reciprocating motion mechanism can adopt various schemes, and its structure is not uniquely defined. In this embodiment, it is optimized and one of the feasible options is adopted: the reciprocating motion mechanism includes a crosshead 18, the crosshead 18 is connected to the main piston 3 and drives the main piston 3 to reciprocate synchronously. The rocker 7 of each action link mechanism is hinged to the front end of the crosshead 18, and the rear end of the crosshead 18 is connected to the crankshaft 105 through a crankshaft connecting rod 19 and pushes the crankshaft 105 to rotate synchronously. When the above scheme is adopted, the crosshead 18 drives the main piston 3 to reciprocate, and at the same time also synchronously drives the rear crankshaft connecting rod 19 to drive the crankshaft 105 to rotate.

[0088] When driving the crankshaft connecting rod 19 by the crosshead 18, there are multiple crankshaft connecting rods 19 and crankshafts 105 connected and matched therewith. In this embodiment, one of the feasible options is adopted: the number of the crankshaft connecting rods 19 is two, and the two crankshaft connecting rods 19 are respectively matched to their corresponding crankshafts 105, and synchronous gears 20 are also arranged on the two crankshafts 105. When the above scheme is adopted, the two crankshafts 105 are simultaneously pushed by the crosshead 18 to drive the rear crankshaft 105 to rotate, and the two crankshafts 105 rotate at the same speed under the meshing structure of the synchronous gears 20.

[0089] Embodiment 3

[0090] The above Embodiment 2 provides an opposed piston actuator, and another specific opposed piston actuator is proposed based on this embodiment.

[0091] Specifically, the improvement of the actuator in this embodiment mainly includes the matching structure at the reciprocating mechanism.

[0092] Preferably, as Figure 4 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 shown, in this embodiment, the reciprocating mechanism includes a rectangular internal gear frame 102. The rectangular internal gear frame 102 is connected to the main piston 3 and drives the main piston 3 to reciprocate synchronously. The rocker 7 of each set of action link mechanisms is hinged to the end of the rectangular internal gear frame 102, and the rectangular internal gear frame 102 slides in the main body 1 through the track 103; the rectangular internal gear frame is provided with a waist-shaped hole, and a rack is provided on the flat section in the waist-shaped hole. The output shaft passes through the waist-shaped hole and is provided with a sector tooth surface that cooperates with the rack.

[0093] Preferably, in this embodiment, the rectangular internal gear frame 102 slides in the main body 1 through the track 103, and the track 103 includes an upper track 103a and a lower track 103b.

[0094] Preferably, the reciprocating mechanism mentioned in this embodiment can be the corresponding solution described in the patent document with the patent number 201710353223.X.

[0095] Embodiment 4

[0096] As Figures 1 to 14 shown, the above embodiment discloses an opposed piston actuator, which can ensure the balance of piston force when applied to an engine, reduce the action friction between the main and auxiliary pistons 4 and the main and auxiliary cylinders 202, and is beneficial to the simplification of the structure and cost reduction.

[0097] This embodiment provides an opposed piston two-stroke engine, which adopts the opposed piston actuator described above. As Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, it includes a main body 1, and at least one side of the main body 1 is provided with the cylinder assembly 2. The cylinder assembly 2 further includes a supercharging cylinder 203, and a supercharging piston 5 is arranged in the supercharging cylinder 203. The supercharging piston 5 cooperates with the auxiliary piston 4 synchronously; the cylinder assembly 2 is provided with a main cylinder annular hole 9, an auxiliary cylinder annular hole 10, and a supercharging cylinder air inlet / outlet 11. The supercharging cylinder air inlet / outlet 11 is connected to the main cylinder annular hole 9 or the auxiliary cylinder annular hole 10 through an intake passage, and an air suction port 13 is arranged on the intake passage.

[0098] Preferably, the main body 1 includes a main housing 101.

[0099] Preferably, the opposed piston actuator in this embodiment is arranged symmetrically when setting the connecting rod. As Figure 11As shown, the support rod 6 includes an upper support rod 6a and a lower support rod 6b, the rocker 7 includes an upper rocker 7a and a lower rocker 7b, and the push-pull rod 8 includes an upper push-pull rod 8a and a lower push-pull rod 8b.

[0100] The above-disclosed engine adopts a single-cylinder structure. A reciprocating mechanism on the output shaft can cooperate with a cylinder assembly 2.

[0101] Preferably, the output shaft in this embodiment adopts a sector gear shaft 104.

[0102] When the main piston 3 and the sub-piston 4 in the cylinder assembly 2 move towards each other and approach, the compression piston 5 moves synchronously with the sub-piston 4 and makes the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 203 form a negative pressure for suction; when the main piston 3 and the sub-piston 4 move away from each other in the opposite direction, the compression piston 5 moves synchronously with the sub-piston 4 and compresses the gas in the compression cylinder 203, and then the air in the compression cylinder 203 is pressed into the main cylinder 201 and the sub-cylinder 202. At this time, the air entering the main cylinder 201 and the sub-cylinder 202 increases the air pressure in the cylinder assembly 2 and squeezes out the original gas in the cylinder assembly 2, thereby realizing the scavenging of the main cylinder 201 and the sub-cylinder 202. This engine can realize self-scavenging by the actions of the main piston 3 and the sub-piston 4, eliminating the external compressor for scavenging, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0103] During the operation of the engine, scavenging inside the main cylinder 201 and the sub-cylinder 202 is achieved through the intake passage. The intake passage can be constructed in various forms, and its structure is not uniquely limited. Here, one feasible option is optimized and proposed: such as Figure 13 、 Figure 14 As shown, the air inlet and outlet 11 of the compression cylinder is connected to the sub-cylinder annular hole 10 on the sub-cylinder 202 through the intake passage, or the air inlet and outlet 11 of the compression cylinder is connected to the main-cylinder annular hole 9 on the main cylinder 201 through the intake passage. A check valve 14 is provided at the suction port 13, and the check valve 14 allows external gas to enter the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 203 unidirectionally from the suction port 13.

[0104] In some solutions, the check valve 14 can be provided at the suction port 13.

[0105] The intake passage includes an internal passage 12 provided inside the cylinder assembly 2, and the internal passage 12 communicates with the main-cylinder annular hole 9 or the sub-cylinder annular hole 10;

[0106] Preferably, in this embodiment, the suction port 13 of the cylinder assembly 2 is connected to the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 203 through the air inlet and outlet 11 of the compression cylinder. An internal passage 12 is formed inside the cylinder assembly 2, and the internal passage 12 is used to guide the gas in the compression cylinder 203 into the main cylinder 201 and the sub-cylinder 202.

[0107] Preferably, in this embodiment, external gas enters the intake passage and enters the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 through the annular hole 10 of the auxiliary cylinder for scavenging, and exhausts through the annular hole 9 of the main cylinder.

[0108] Preferably, as Figure 9 shown, in this embodiment, the compression cylinder 203 can be set to a waist shape or a circular shape. In other solutions, more shapes can also be set.

[0109] Preferably, a cylinder head 204 is also provided in cooperation with the compression cylinder 203.

[0110] The specific setting method of the air inlet and outlet structure on the cylinder assembly 2 can adopt a variety of layout methods, and its structure is not uniquely limited. This embodiment is optimized and one feasible option is adopted: when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other, the annular hole 9 of the main cylinder and the annular hole 10 of the auxiliary cylinder are opened for scavenging, and when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move closer to each other, the annular hole 9 of the main cylinder and the annular hole 10 of the auxiliary cylinder are closed to compress the gas, and after the compression is completed, ignition and work are performed, so as to realize a two-stroke cycle. When the above solution is adopted, the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 are of a direct-through structure. During the scavenging process, gas enters the main and auxiliary cylinders, and the air pressure in the main and auxiliary cylinders 202 increases, so as to squeeze out the exhaust gas in the main and auxiliary cylinders 202. The air inlet and outlet are in a one-way flow, and the scavenging efficiency is higher.

[0111] The matching structure between the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 can adopt a variety of solutions, and its structure is not uniquely limited. This embodiment is optimized and one feasible option is adopted: as Figure 12 shown, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 are connected to form a combined piston structure 45. The piston head of the auxiliary piston 4 is located in the cylinder assembly 2, and the piston tail of the auxiliary piston 4 is matched with the compression piston 5; a connection port is formed at the piston tail of the auxiliary piston 4, and a connection block corresponding to the connection port is formed on the compression piston 5. When the above solution is adopted, the auxiliary piston 4 and the compression piston 5 can also be connected by fasteners to strengthen the fixation. Among them, the size of the compression piston 5 can be larger than that of the auxiliary piston 4. At the same stroke, the gas sucked into the compression cylinder 203 after the compression piston 5 moves can fill the cylinder assembly 2 where the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are located. And according to the actual air pressure requirements, the size of the compression piston 5 can be adjusted, thereby changing the initial pressure of the gas entering the cylinder assembly 2, and the final combustion condition can be adjusted by the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 in the cylinder assembly 2 for further compression.

[0112] When the two-stroke engine disclosed in this embodiment operates specifically, its working process is as follows:

[0113] The main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are respectively located in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202, and the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are located between the annular hole 9 of the main cylinder and the annular hole 10 of the auxiliary cylinder. When the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move towards each other, the gases in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 are compressed, which is the compression process.

[0114] During the compression process, the fuel injector 15 and the spark plug 16 on the cylinder assembly 2 intervene and work at appropriate times.

[0115] During the compression process, the auxiliary piston 4 and the air compression piston 5 act synchronously and increase the volume in the air compression cylinder 203 to form a negative pressure. External air enters the air compression cylinder 203 through the air inlet 13 and the air inlet / outlet 11 of the air compression cylinder, serving as the intake reserve air for the subsequent engine operation.

[0116] The main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are respectively located in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202, and the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are located outside the annular hole 9 of the main cylinder and the annular hole 10 of the auxiliary cylinder. When the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other, the gases in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 expand, which is the power stroke process.

[0117] During the power stroke process, the auxiliary piston 4 and the air compression piston 5 act synchronously and reduce the volume in the air compression cylinder 203, and the original reserve air is compressed to form high-pressure reserve air.

[0118] When the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are respectively located in the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202, and the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 are outside the annular hole 9 of the main cylinder and the annular hole 10 of the auxiliary cylinder, the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 are connected to the outside. The pressurized gas in the air compression cylinder 203 enters the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202, squeezing out the original exhaust gas, which is the scavenging process.

[0119] During the scavenging process, the high-pressure reserve air in the air compression cylinder 203 enters the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 through the air inlet / outlet 11 of the air compression cylinder and the intake passage, while exhausting the exhaust gas.

[0120] When reciprocating according to the above process, the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 form continuous reciprocating motions, that is, the reciprocating motion mechanism forms continuous reciprocating motions, so that continuous rotation can be formed through the cooperation of the rectangular internal gear frame 102 and the sector gear shaft 104, thereby realizing the external torque output of the engine.

[0121] Embodiment 5

[0122] This embodiment provides an opposed-piston two-stroke engine, which is different from that in Embodiment 4 in that the cylinder assembly 2 of the engine in this embodiment intakes air from the main cylinder 201, specifically as follows:

[0123] In this embodiment, it is as follows: The main cylinder 201 is provided with a main cylinder annular hole 9, and the auxiliary cylinder 202 is provided with an auxiliary cylinder annular hole 10. When adopting the above solution, air enters from the main cylinder annular hole 9 of the main cylinder 201 and exhausts from the auxiliary cylinder annular hole 10 of the auxiliary cylinder 202.

[0124] After adjusting the air intake position of the cylinder assembly 2, the air intake structure of the cylinder assembly 2 is correspondingly adjusted. This embodiment is optimized and one of the feasible options is adopted: The air intake passage includes an external passage 17 provided outside the compression cylinder 203, and the external passage 17 communicates with the main cylinder annular hole 9 or the auxiliary cylinder annular hole 10.

[0125] Preferably, in this embodiment, the air suction port 13 of the cylinder assembly 2 communicates with the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 203 through the compression cylinder air inlet / outlet 11. An external passage 17 is provided on the cylinder assembly 2 that communicates from the compression cylinder air inlet / outlet 11 to the main cylinder annular hole 9 on the main cylinder 201. The external passage 17 is used to guide the gas in the compression cylinder 203 to the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202.

[0126] Embodiment 6

[0127] This embodiment provides an opposed piston two-stroke engine, which is different from that in Embodiment 4 in that this embodiment adopts a multi-cylinder engine structure.

[0128] Specifically, it can be set as follows. One reciprocating mechanism on the output shaft can cooperate with two cylinder assemblies 2, and at the same time, multiple reciprocating mechanisms can be arranged at other positions on the output shaft and respectively cooperate with the cylinder assemblies 2 to form a multi-cylinder structure. The main and auxiliary pistons 4 in each cylinder assembly 2 act and transmit driving force to the reciprocating mechanism, and here the linear motion of the piston is converted into the rotary motion of the drive shaft.

[0129] When the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 in the cylinder assembly 2 move towards each other and approach, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously and form a negative pressure for suction in the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 203; when the main piston 3 and the auxiliary piston 4 move away from each other in the opposite direction, the compression piston 5 and the auxiliary piston 4 move synchronously and form a high pressure in the compression cylinder 203, and then the air in the compression cylinder 203 is pressed into the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202. At this time, the air entering the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202 increases the air pressure in the cylinder assembly 2 and squeezes out the original gas in the cylinder assembly 2, thereby realizing the scavenging of the main cylinder 201 and the auxiliary cylinder 202.

[0130] This engine can realize self-scavenging by the actions of the main piston and the auxiliary piston, eliminating the compressor for scavenging externally, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure and reducing costs.

[0131] The above are the implementation manners listed in this embodiment. However, this embodiment is not limited to the above optional implementation manners. Those skilled in the art can obtain many other implementation manners by arbitrarily combining the above manners. Anyone can obtain various other forms of implementation manners under the inspiration of this embodiment. The above specific implementation manners should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of this embodiment. The protection scope of this embodiment shall be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An opposed piston actuator, characterized in that: It includes a reciprocating mechanism, a connecting rod mechanism and a cylinder assembly (2); The reciprocating mechanism cooperates with the action connecting rod mechanism and the cylinder assembly respectively and reciprocates in the horizontal direction; The cylinder assembly (2) comprises a main cylinder (201) and a sub-cylinder (202), wherein a main piston (3) is arranged in the main cylinder (201), and a sub-piston (4) is arranged in the sub-cylinder (202); the reciprocating mechanism is connected to the main piston (3) and drives the main piston (3) to reciprocate in a horizontal direction, and at least two groups of action connecting rod mechanisms are arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder assembly (2), wherein the action connecting rod mechanisms are symmetrically arranged with the linear action direction of the reciprocating mechanism as a symmetry axis, the front end of the action connecting rod mechanism cooperates with the reciprocating mechanism and is driven synchronously, and the rear end of the action connecting rod mechanism drives the sub-piston (4) to reciprocate in a horizontal direction.

2. The opposed piston actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The action connecting rod mechanism comprises a support rod (6), a rocking rod (7) and a push-pull rod (8); the front end of the support rod (6) is hinged to a fixed portion, the rear end of the support rod (6) is hinged to the rocking rod (7), the front end of the rocking rod (7) is hinged to a reciprocating action mechanism, the rear end of the rocking rod (7) is hinged to the front end of the push-pull rod (8), and the rear end of the push-pull rod (8) drives the auxiliary piston (4).

3. The opposed piston actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cylinder assemblies (2) and action connecting rod mechanisms arranged on the cylinder assemblies (2) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism, and the reciprocating mechanism drives the main pistons (3) in the corresponding cylinder assemblies (2) at both ends to move synchronously, and the action connecting rod mechanisms at both ends of the reciprocating mechanism drive the auxiliary pistons (4) in the corresponding cylinder assemblies (2) to move synchronously.

4. The opposed piston actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating mechanism comprises a crosshead (18), the crosshead (18) is connected to the main piston (3) and drives the main piston (3) to reciprocate synchronously, the rocker (7) of each set of action connecting rod mechanisms is hinged to the front end of the crosshead (18), and the rear end of the crosshead (18) is connected to the crankshaft (105) through the crankshaft connecting rod (19) and drives the crankshaft (105) to rotate synchronously.

5. The opposed piston actuator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the crankshaft connecting rods (19) is two, and the two crankshaft connecting rods (19) are respectively matched to the corresponding crankshafts (105), and the two crankshafts (105) are also provided with synchronous gears (20) that match each other.

6. The opposed piston actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating mechanism comprises a rectangular internal gear frame (102), the rectangular internal gear frame (102) is connected to the main piston (3) and drives the main piston (3) to reciprocate synchronously, the rocker (7) of each set of action connecting rod mechanisms is hinged to the end of the rectangular internal gear frame (102), and the rectangular internal gear frame (102) slides in the main body (1) through a track (103); the rectangular internal gear frame is provided with a waist-shaped hole, and a rack is provided in the flat section in the waist-shaped hole, and the output shaft passes through the waist-shaped hole and is provided with a fan-shaped tooth surface to cooperate with the rack.

7. An opposed-piston two-stroke engine, comprising the opposed-piston actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main body (1), wherein the cylinder assembly (2) is at least located on one side of the main body (1), and the cylinder assembly (2) further comprises a compressed air cylinder (203), wherein a compressed air piston (5) is arranged in the compressed air cylinder (203), and the compressed air piston (5) and the auxiliary piston (4) act synchronously; the cylinder assembly (2) is provided with a main cylinder annular hole (9), an auxiliary cylinder annular hole (10) and a compressed air cylinder air inlet and outlet (11), wherein the compressed air cylinder air inlet and outlet (11) are connected to the main cylinder annular hole (9) or the auxiliary cylinder annular hole (10) through an air intake passage, and an air intake port (13) is arranged on the air intake passage.

8. The opposed-piston two-stroke engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air inlet and outlet (11) of the compressed air cylinder are connected to the auxiliary cylinder annular hole (10) on the auxiliary cylinder (202) through an air intake passage, or the air inlet and outlet (11) of the compressed air cylinder are connected to the main cylinder annular hole (9) on the main cylinder (201) through an air intake passage. A one-way valve (14) is provided at the air intake port (13). The one-way valve (14) allows external gas to enter the inner cavity of the compressed air cylinder (203) from the air intake port (13) in one direction.

9. The opposed-piston two-stroke engine according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The air intake passage comprises an internal passage (12) arranged in the cylinder assembly (2), and the internal passage (12) is connected to the main cylinder annular hole (9) or the auxiliary cylinder annular hole (10); Alternatively, the air intake passage includes an external passage (17) arranged outside the air compressor cylinder (203), and the external passage (17) is connected to the main cylinder annular hole (9) or the auxiliary cylinder annular hole (10).

10. The opposed-piston two-stroke engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the main piston (3) and the auxiliary piston (4) move away from each other, the main cylinder annular hole (9) and the auxiliary cylinder annular hole (10) are opened and scavenging is performed. When the main piston (3) and the auxiliary piston (4) move toward each other, the main cylinder annular hole (9) and the auxiliary cylinder annular hole (10) are closed and the gas is compressed. After the compression is completed, ignition is performed to perform work, thereby realizing a two-stroke cycle.

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