A device and method for diagnosing a composite fault of a power transformer winding

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on vibration method's electric power transformer winding compound fault implementation device and diagnostic method, first to test transformer winding, transformer winding connection point is connected with high-frequency high-voltage switch, high-frequency high-voltage DC power supply, high-frequency high-voltage switch unfolds periodic action, to stimulate electric power transformer ontology structure vibration;High-speed camera is used to shoot electric power transformer tank wall vibration, and vibration signal is extracted using normalization cross-correlation template matching algorithm;Then through synchronous extraction change establishes time-frequency mapping function to remove noise interference, reconstructs analysis to signal x0 (t), then modulates vibration signal, establishes frequency spectrum model X (f, φ), obtains the frequency amplitude sequence and A s (f) and corresponding frequency phase sequence are used to calculate the energy distribution of different modulation sub-bands using weighted time-frequency variational modal enhancement algorithm frequency amplitude sequence adaptive band segmentation;Finally, the transformation law under winding compound fault operating condition and normal operating condition is calculated respectively by defined function phase entropy Ψ (r) and amplitude-frequency energy function H (f), so as to judge the fault degree of electric power transformer winding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention is dedicated to the field of dynamic characteristic analysis and non-contact fault detection technology of power transformers, specifically relating to a device for realizing composite faults in power transformer windings and a fault degree diagnosis method based on vibration monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Power transformers are key equipment in power systems for high-voltage transmission, and their operating status directly affects the reliability and safety of the power system. In actual operation, power transformers not only withstand instantaneous load impacts and frequent short-circuit current surges, but may also be affected by winding deformation and vibration loads under electromagnetic forces. These complex operating conditions can lead to loosening or falling off of winding clamps, resulting in faults such as axial and radial deformation of the windings or damage to the winding insulation. The mechanical bearing capacity of the windings decreases accordingly, potentially leading to partial or overall damage, and in severe cases, even transformer stall or failure, thus affecting the stable operation of the ultra-high voltage transmission power supply system. To ensure the normal operation of transformers, the power system needs to conduct regular routine inspections of transformer windings. However, radial deformation and insulation damage are common fault types, and currently there is a lack of diagnostic methods for combined faults (such as simultaneous radial deformation and insulation damage), and existing technologies struggle to comprehensively and accurately identify fault characteristics under different winding conditions. Therefore, how to achieve dynamic characteristic analysis and accurate fault diagnosis of complex winding conditions through non-contact detection technology is a key technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a device for realizing compound faults in power transformer windings. This device achieves radial deformation and surface insulation layer damage at specific locations on phases A, B, and C of the windings through mechanical movement. A hydraulic drive motor, driven by an electrical control box, further propels the first and second hydraulically driven deformation mechanisms, causing radial compression at different degrees at the deformation ends of the first, second, and third windings, achieving varying degrees of radial deformation in the windings. The electrical control box then controls the movement of an axially moving etching mechanism and the feeding of its etching ends to complete the damage to the surface insulation layer of the windings at different locations to varying degrees. The vibration signal on the surface of the power transformer tank exhibits a non-constant curve, which is closely related to the winding condition. When the windings deform, the insulation layer is damaged, or other faults occur, the waveform and characteristics of the vibration signal will change significantly. The winding condition can be diagnosed by capturing the vibration signal on the tank surface using a high-speed camera. Therefore, to address the problems in the prior art, this invention provides a device for realizing combined faults in power transformer windings and a fault severity diagnosis method based on vibration monitoring. It uses a mechanical device to simulate radial deformation of the windings and damage to the surface insulation layer at specific locations, and combines this with a high-speed camera testing system. By calculating the phase entropy and amplitude-frequency energy function transformation law of the power transformer tank surface, the degree of power transformer winding faults is further determined. This invention can reliably and effectively realize fault diagnosis under the combined state of radial deformation and surface insulation layer damage in power transformer windings.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A device and method for diagnosing complex faults in power transformer windings are disclosed. The device uses mechanical components to simulate radial deformation and insulation damage of the winding surface at different degrees. A high-speed camera is used to collect vibration signals from the power transformer windings non-contactly, enabling fault diagnosis. The device includes a first high-voltage winding, a second low-voltage winding, a third high-voltage winding, a fourth low-voltage winding, a fifth high-voltage winding, a sixth low-voltage winding, coil clamping components on the windings, a bottom support frame for the power transformer windings, a tool holder, an electrical control box, a roller mechanism drive motor, a drive sprocket, a chain, a driven sprocket, a left and right support wheel ring mechanism located on the bottom support frame, a left and right support frame mechanism fixed to the left and right support wheel ring mechanisms, an upper I-shaped support platform and a lower rectangular support platform fixed to the left and right support frame mechanisms, and a support platform located on the lower rectangular support platform. The system includes a roller conveyor mechanism, a roller edge protection frame, rollers, a bearing seat support plate, an auxiliary stabilizing support mechanism, an axial slide rail, an axial slide block, an axial moving etching mechanism, an end clamping arm, an etched end, a first type hydraulic drive deformation mechanism, a second type hydraulic drive deformation mechanism, a hydraulic drive motor, a hydraulic piston cylinder, a first-position winding deformation end, a second-position winding deformation end, a third-position winding deformation end, a rotary motor, a V-shaped support, a rotary drive gear, a rotary transmission gear, a winding rotary spindle, a bearing seat, an upper sleeve for the first high-voltage winding, an upper sleeve for the second low-voltage winding, an upper sleeve for the third high-voltage winding, an upper sleeve for the fourth low-voltage winding, an upper sleeve for the fifth high-voltage winding, an upper sleeve for the sixth low-voltage winding, a high-frequency high-voltage DC power supply controlled by a high-frequency high-voltage switch, a high-speed camera, and a signal acquisition device connected to the high-speed camera.

[0006] The present invention also provides a diagnostic method for a power transformer winding composite fault detection device, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Achieve radial deformation of the power transformer windings to varying degrees using mechanical devices;

[0008] Step 2: Using mechanical devices to cause varying degrees of damage to the insulation layer on the winding surface of the power transformer;

[0009] Step 3: Conduct machine vision vibration testing and fault diagnosis of power transformer windings.

[0010] Furthermore, step one includes:

[0011] 1) The first high-voltage winding and the second low-voltage winding constitute phase A of the power transformer; the third high-voltage winding and the fourth low-voltage winding constitute phase B of the power transformer; and the fifth high-voltage winding and the sixth low-voltage winding constitute phase C of the power transformer. Phases A, B, and C are placed sequentially in the voltage transformer winding composite fault realization device, and the radial deformation of the windings and the destruction of the insulation layer on the winding surface are realized through the movement of the mechanism.

[0012] 2) Place phase A on the lower rectangular support platform of the roller conveyor mechanism. The control box drives the roller mechanism to rotate the drive motor, so that the active sprocket, chain and driven sprocket form a chain drive, which drives the roller conveyor mechanism to move phase A axially. The phase A is moved to the coaxial position and locked with the winding rotation main shaft to achieve axial fixation.

[0013] 3) The electric control phase controls the hydraulic drive motor to work, driving the first type of hydraulic drive deformation mechanism and the second type of hydraulic drive deformation mechanism located on both sides to move. The hydraulic piston cylinder pushes the first winding deformation end, the second winding deformation end, and the third winding deformation end to feed radially to different degrees, squeezing the A phase and realizing different degrees of radial deformation of the winding.

[0014] 4) The hydraulic drive motor rotates in reverse, causing the deformation ends of the first, second, and third windings to retract.

[0015] 5) The electric control phase controls the rotary motor located on the bearing housing support plate, which drives the rotary drive gear and rotary transmission gear to form a gear transmission, which drives the winding rotary shaft to rotate, so that phase A rotates to different angles.

[0016] 6) Repeating the above operation can achieve radial deformation at different positions in the circumferential direction of the winding.

[0017] Furthermore, step two includes:

[0018] 1) The electrical control box drives the axial moving etching mechanism located on the upper I-shaped support platform to move axially along the axial slide rail, so that the axial moving etching mechanism moves to the upper end of the winding surface insulation layer destruction calibration point.

[0019] 2) Driven by the internal motor, the axial moving etching mechanism causes the etching tip to extend and gradually approach the surface of the winding insulation layer. The etching tip continuously feeds the winding insulation layer at the etch mark, and the tip clamping arm prevents the etching tip from deflecting during the etching process.

[0020] 3) The electrical control box drives the axial moving etching mechanism to move axially along the axial slide rail. By controlling the feed amount of the etching end, the insulation layer of the winding surface at different positions on the same axis is damaged to different degrees.

[0021] 4) The electric control phase controls the rotary motor located on the bearing housing support plate, which drives the rotary drive gear and rotary transmission gear to form a gear transmission, which drives the winding rotary shaft to rotate, so that phase A rotates to different angles.

[0022] 5) Repeating the above steps can destroy the surface insulation layer at different positions on the circumference of the winding.

[0023] Furthermore, step three includes:

[0024] 1) Define the connection point of the upper bushings connecting the first high-voltage winding, the third high-voltage winding, and the fifth high-voltage winding as Y; define the connection point of the upper bushings connecting the second low-voltage winding, the fourth low-voltage winding, and the sixth low-voltage winding as F;

[0025] 2) Connect the transformer winding connection points Y and F to the high-frequency high-voltage switch and the high-frequency high-voltage DC power supply. The high-frequency high-voltage switch will perform periodic operations, thereby stimulating the vibration of the power transformer body structure.

[0026] 3) High-speed cameras were used to capture images of the vibration of the power transformer tank wall. The normalized cross-correlation template matching algorithm (NCC) was used to match and extract the vibration signal frame by frame from the grayscale image sequence. The original signal x(t) was transmitted through a signal acquisition device. The NCC calculation formula is as follows, where A is the matching region image corresponding to the current image frame, and B is the template region image of the selected calibration point of the power transformer tank wall.

[0027]

[0028] 4) Randomly select a short-time signal x0(t) with at least one complete vibration period from the original signal, and establish a time-frequency mapping function by synchronously extracting changes. After removing noise interference, the signal x0(t) is reconstructed and analyzed, denoted as... The formula is as follows:

[0029] in For the Fourier transform of the window function g, γ(ω-ω def (t,f) is the mapping kernel function.

[0030] 5) To The vibration signal is modulated to establish a spectrum model X(f,φ), which can be approximated as the result of the convolution superposition of the unit impact response of the transmission path under two fault excitations: winding deformation and winding insulation layer failure.

[0031]

[0032] Where f r For the power grid frequency of 50Hz, f eThe fundamental frequency of transformer vibration is 100 Hz, f j and f l φ represents the harmonic frequency components contained in the vibration signal. k and φ p The phase angle corresponding to the harmonic frequency. and To represent the unit impulse response of the transmission path, A s (f) is the frequency amplitude sequence. This is the corresponding frequency phase sequence.

[0033] 6) Implement frequency amplitude sequence (A) using the weighted time-frequency variational mode enhancement algorithm. s (f) Adaptive frequency band segmentation within the range of 100Hz to 800Hz, calculating different modulation sub-bands d k (f) energy distribution p k (f)(k=1,2,3,…K), its frequency bandwidth is The center frequency is and These represent the lower cutoff frequency and upper cutoff frequency of the k-th sub-band, respectively. The calculation formula is as follows: w k (f)=exp(-α k |f k (w)-f k * (w)| 2 )

[0034]

[0035] Where w k (f) is the weighting function, and X(f) is... Fourier transform.

[0036] 7) Process the vibration signals under normal winding operation and under combined fault conditions of different degrees of winding deformation and insulation layer damage, following the steps described above. The sub-band energy distribution under normal winding operation is denoted as... The frequency phase sequence is

[0037] 8) Combine the frequency and phase sequences under the combined fault operating condition and the normal operating condition of the winding. Construct two sets of n-dimensional vectors respectively: The distance between two sets of vectors is expressed as: For a given threshold r, the statistics d[Z] i ,X j The ratio of the number of elements ≥ r to the total number of elements N-1 is denoted as C(r). The exponent of C(r) is denoted as Ψ(r), which is defined as the phase entropy. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Where α k ,β k Let m be the phase fluctuation parameter, m be the exponent, and τ1 be the time variable.

[0040] 9) Define the amplitude-frequency energy function as: λ k Here, P(f) is the frequency attenuation parameter, and P(f) represents the energy distribution of each sub-band under the combined fault conditions of winding deformation and insulation layer damage at different degrees. k (f) The energy distribution of each sub-band under normal winding operation is as follows: The cumulative sum of ratios.

[0041] 10) Combining the above displacement extraction algorithm, time-frequency variational mode enhancement algorithm, and defined functions, the degree of fault in the power transformer winding is finally determined by calculating the phase entropy Ψ(r) and the transformation law of the amplitude-frequency energy function H(f), as shown below:

[0042] If e 4 <Ψ(r)≤e 5 e 3 <H(f)≤6e 3 If it is determined that a few locations of the power transformer winding have experienced minor deformation and the surface insulation layer has been damaged to a relatively minor degree, then the degree of the complex winding fault will not affect the operation of the power transformer.

[0043] If 2.2e 5 <Ψ(r)≤3.5e 5 2.8e 4 <H(f)≤5e 4 The determination indicates that multiple minor deformations and multiple insulation layer damages have occurred in the windings of the power transformer. At this point, the degree of complex winding faults will cause increased vibration, and long-term operation will further induce damage to the internal mechanical structure of the power transformer, affecting its service life.

[0044] If 4e 5 ≤Ψ(r), 5e 4 <H(f) indicates that the power transformer winding has suffered severe deformation in multiple places and the surface insulation layer has been severely damaged. At this time, the degree of complex winding faults seriously affects the operation of the power transformer, and the windings should be replaced.

[0045] Beneficial effects:

[0046] This invention uses a mechanical device to simulate a fault under a combined state of radial deformation and surface insulation layer damage in power transformer windings, and combines it with a high-speed camera to achieve non-contact acquisition of transformer vibration signals for winding diagnosis; this invention can more reliably and effectively diagnose combined faults of radial deformation and surface insulation layer damage in power transformer windings. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a power transformer winding composite fault realization device according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a top view of a device for realizing compound faults in power transformer windings according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a right view of a device for realizing compound faults in power transformer windings according to the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a front view of a device for realizing compound faults in power transformer windings according to the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a rear view of a device for realizing compound faults in power transformer windings according to the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring of a power transformer winding;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a diagnostic method for a power transformer winding composite fault detection device according to the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0055] like Figure 1As shown in Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, a device for realizing compound faults in power transformer windings based on vibration method is used. The device controls the main shaft of the transformer windings to rotate around the main shaft. During this rotation, radial deformation of the windings and breakage of the surface insulation layer are achieved by controlling the winding deformation end in the hydraulically driven deformation mechanism and the etching end of the axially moving etching mechanism. The device includes: a first high-voltage winding (1), a second low-voltage winding (2), a third high-voltage winding (3), a fourth low-voltage winding (4), a fifth high-voltage winding (5), a sixth low-voltage winding (6), a coil clamping member (7) located on the windings, a bottom support frame (8) for the power transformer windings, and a tool placement table (9). The components include: an electrical control box (10), a roller mechanism drive motor (11), a drive sprocket (12), a chain (13), a driven sprocket (14), a left-end support wheel ring mechanism (15) and a right-end support wheel ring mechanism (16) located on the bottom support frame (8) of the power transformer winding, a left-end support wheel ring mechanism (17) and a right-end support wheel ring mechanism (18) fixed on the left-end support wheel ring mechanism (15) and the right-end support wheel ring mechanism (16), an upper I-shaped support platform (19) and a lower rectangular support platform (20) fixed on the left-end support platform (17) and the right-end support platform (18), a roller conveying mechanism (21) located on the lower rectangular support platform (20), a roller guard frame (22), and rollers. (23) Bearing seat support plate (24) Auxiliary stabilizing support mechanism (25) Axial slide rail (26) on upper I-shaped support platform (19) Axial slide (27) Axial moving etching mechanism (28) End clamping arm (29) Etched end (30) Type 1 hydraulic drive deformation mechanism (31) on left leg mechanism (17) and right leg mechanism (18) Type 2 hydraulic drive deformation mechanism (32) Hydraulic drive motor (33) Hydraulic piston cylinder (34) First position winding deformation end (35) Second position winding deformation end (36) Third position winding deformation end (37) Rotary electric motor on bearing seat support plate (24) Machine (38), V-shaped support base (39), rotary drive gear (40), rotary transmission gear (41), winding rotation main shaft (42), bearing housing (43), upper end sleeve (44) of the first high voltage winding (1), upper end sleeve (45) of the second low voltage winding (2), upper end sleeve (46) of the third high voltage winding (3), upper end sleeve (47) of the fourth low voltage winding (4), upper end sleeve (48) of the fifth high voltage winding (5), upper end sleeve (49) of the sixth low voltage winding (6), high frequency high voltage DC power supply (51) controlled by high frequency high voltage switch (50), high speed camera (52), and signal acquisition device (53) connected to high speed camera (52).

[0056] Figure 7This is a vibration-based method for diagnosing complex faults in power transformer windings. Its key features include combining high-speed camera captures of transformer tank wall vibration signals, synchronously extracting changes to establish a time-frequency mapping function to remove noise interference, modulating the vibration signals to establish a spectral model, and finally calculating the transformation patterns of phase entropy and amplitude-frequency energy functions to determine the severity of the complex winding fault. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] 1) Define the connection point of the upper bushing connecting the first high voltage winding (1), the third high voltage winding (3), and the fifth high voltage winding (5) as Y; define the connection point of the upper bushing connecting the second low voltage winding (2), the fourth low voltage winding (4), and the sixth low voltage winding (6) as F;

[0058] 2) Connect the transformer winding connection point Y and connection point F to the high-frequency high-voltage switch (50) and the high-frequency high-voltage DC power supply (51). The high-frequency high-voltage switch (50) performs periodic operation, thereby stimulating the vibration of the power transformer body structure.

[0059] 3) A high-speed camera was used to capture the vibration of the power transformer tank wall, and the normalized cross-correlation template matching algorithm (NCC) was used to match and extract the vibration signal frame by frame from the grayscale image sequence. The original signal x(t) was transmitted through the signal acquisition device (53). The NCC calculation formula is as follows, where A is the matching area image corresponding to the current image frame, and B is the template area image of the selected calibration point of the power transformer tank wall.

[0060]

[0061] 4) Randomly select a short-time signal x0(t) with at least one complete vibration period from the original signal, and establish a time-frequency mapping function by synchronously extracting changes. After removing noise interference, the signal x0(t) is reconstructed and analyzed, denoted as... The formula is as follows:

[0062] in For the Fourier transform of the window function g, γ(ω-ω def (t,f) is the mapping kernel function.

[0063] 5) To The vibration signal is modulated to establish a spectrum model X(f,φ), which can be approximated as the result of the convolution superposition of the unit impact response of the transmission path under two fault excitations: winding deformation and winding insulation layer failure.

[0064]

[0065] Where f r For the power grid frequency of 50Hz, fe The fundamental frequency of transformer vibration is 100 Hz, f j and f l φ represents the harmonic frequency components contained in the vibration signal. k and φ p The phase angle corresponding to the harmonic frequency. and To represent the unit impulse response of the transmission path, A s (f) is the frequency amplitude sequence. This is the corresponding frequency phase sequence.

[0066] 6) Implement frequency amplitude sequence (A) using the weighted time-frequency variational mode enhancement algorithm. s (f) Adaptive frequency band segmentation within the range of 100Hz to 800Hz, calculating different modulation sub-bands d k (f) energy distribution p k (f)(k=1,2,3,…K), its frequency bandwidth is The center frequency is and These represent the lower cutoff frequency and upper cutoff frequency of the k-th sub-band, respectively. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] Where w k (f) is the weighting function, and X(f) is... Fourier transform.

[0069] 7) Process the vibration signals under normal winding operation and under combined fault conditions of different degrees of winding deformation and insulation layer damage, following the steps described above. The sub-band energy distribution under normal winding operation is denoted as... The frequency phase sequence is

[0070] 8) Combine the frequency and phase sequences under the combined fault operating condition and the normal operating condition of the winding. Construct two sets of n-dimensional vectors respectively: The distance between two sets of vectors is expressed as: For a given threshold r, the statistics d[Z] i ,X j The ratio of the number of elements ≥ r to the total number of elements N-1 is denoted as C(r). The exponent of C(r) is denoted as Ψ(r), which is defined as the phase entropy. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Where α k ,β kLet m be the phase fluctuation parameter, m be the exponent, and τ1 be the time variable.

[0073] 9) Define the amplitude-frequency energy function as: λ k Here, P(f) is the frequency attenuation parameter, and P(f) represents the energy distribution of each sub-band under the combined fault conditions of winding deformation and insulation layer damage at different degrees. k (f) The energy distribution of each sub-band under normal winding operation is as follows: The cumulative sum of ratios.

[0074] 10) Combining the above displacement extraction algorithm, time-frequency variational mode enhancement algorithm, and defined functions, the degree of fault in the power transformer winding is finally determined by calculating the phase entropy Ψ(r) and the transformation law of the amplitude-frequency energy function H(f), as shown below:

[0075] If e 4 <Ψ(r)≤e 5 e 3 <H(f)≤6e 3 If it is determined that a few locations of the power transformer winding have experienced minor deformation and the surface insulation layer has been damaged to a relatively minor degree, then the degree of the complex winding fault will not affect the operation of the power transformer.

[0076] If 2.2e 5 <Ψ(r)≤3.5e 5 2.8e 4 <H(f)≤5e 4 The determination indicates that multiple minor deformations and multiple insulation layer damages have occurred in the windings of the power transformer. At this point, the degree of complex winding faults will cause increased vibration, and long-term operation will further induce damage to the internal mechanical structure of the power transformer, affecting its service life.

[0077] If 4e 5 ≤Ψ(r), 5e 4 <H(f) indicates that the power transformer winding has suffered severe deformation in multiple places and the surface insulation layer has been severely damaged. At this time, the degree of complex winding faults seriously affects the operation of the power transformer, and the windings should be replaced.

Claims

1. A device for implementing composite fault of power transformer winding, characterized in that, Comprise: Supporting mechanism, winding deformation mechanism, insulation layer damage mechanism, moving mechanism, rotating mechanism, winding to be measured and detection system; And Also include: coil compression piece (7), tool placement table (9), electric control phase (10), upper end sleeve (44) of first high-voltage winding (1), upper end sleeve (45) of second low-voltage winding (2), upper end sleeve (46) of third high-voltage winding (3), upper end sleeve (47) of fourth low-voltage winding (4), upper end sleeve (48) of fifth high-voltage winding (5) and upper end sleeve (49) of sixth low-voltage winding (6); The supporting mechanism comprises: Power transformer winding bottom support frame (8); Bearing seat support plate (24); Auxiliary stable supporting mechanism (25); Left end support wheel ring mechanism (15) and right end support wheel ring mechanism (16) arranged on the power transformer winding bottom support frame (8); Left foot support mechanism (17) and right foot support mechanism (18) arranged on the left end support wheel ring mechanism (15) and the right end support wheel ring mechanism (16) respectively; Upper end I-shaped support platform (19) and lower end rectangular support platform (20) fixed on the left foot support mechanism (17) and the right foot support mechanism (18); And V-shaped support seat (39) arranged on the bearing seat support plate (24); The winding deformation mechanism comprises: First type hydraulic drive deformation mechanism (31) and second type hydraulic drive deformation mechanism (32) arranged on the left foot support mechanism (17) and the right foot support mechanism (18); The first type hydraulic drive deformation mechanism (31) and the second type hydraulic drive deformation mechanism (32) comprise a hydraulic drive motor (33) and a hydraulic piston cylinder (34), and a first winding deformation end head (35), a second winding deformation end head (36) and a third winding deformation end head (37) for extruding the winding; The insulation layer damage mechanism comprises: Axial movement etching mechanism (28) arranged on the upper end I-shaped support platform (19), which can move on the axial slide rail (26); Axial slide seat (27) located on the axial slide rail (26); The axial movement etching mechanism comprises an end head clamping arm (29) and an etching end head (30); The moving mechanism comprises: Roller conveying mechanism (21) arranged on the lower end rectangular support platform (20); And roller mechanism driving motor (11), driving sprocket (12) and chain (13) for driving the roller conveying mechanism (21) to roll; Wherein, the roller conveying mechanism comprises driven sprocket (14), roller guard frame (22) and roller (23); The rotating mechanism comprises: Bearing seat (43) arranged on the bearing seat support plate (24); Winding rotating main shaft (42) arranged on the bearing seat (43); And rotating motor (38), rotating drive gear (40) and rotating transmission gear (41) for driving the winding rotating main shaft (42) to rotate; The winding to be measured comprises: The first high-voltage winding (1) and the second low-voltage winding (2) constitute an A phase of the power transformer; The third high-voltage winding (3) and the fourth low-voltage winding (4) constitute a B phase of the power transformer; and The fifth high-voltage winding (5) and the sixth low-voltage winding (6) constitute a C phase of the power transformer; The detection system comprises: A high-frequency high-voltage switch (50); A high-speed camera (52); A high-frequency high-voltage direct current power supply (51) controlled by the high-frequency high-voltage switch (50); And a signal acquisition device (53) connected with the high-speed camera (52).

2. A power transformer winding compound fault diagnosis method, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps using the device of claim 1: 1) using the device to realize power transformer winding compound fault simulation, the simulation comprising radial deformation and surface insulation layer damage; 2) carrying out power transformer winding machine vision vibration test and fault diagnosis, collecting winding vibration signals under the compound fault simulation, and analyzing the signals to determine the fault degree.

3. The diagnostic method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of realizing winding radial deformation comprises: 1) placing the A phase in the winding to be tested on the roller conveying mechanism (21) on the lower end rectangular support platform (20), and driving the moving mechanism by the electric control box (10) to axially move the A phase to be positioned and locked coaxially with the winding rotating main shaft (42), to realize axial fixation; 2) controlling the hydraulic drive motor (33) to work by the electric control box (10), driving the first type hydraulic drive deformation mechanism (31) and the second type hydraulic drive deformation mechanism (32) located on both sides to move, the hydraulic piston cylinder (34) pushes the first winding deformation end head (35), the second winding deformation end head (36) and the third winding deformation end head (37) to feed radially at different degrees, extruding the A phase, to realize winding radial deformation at different degrees; 3) controlling the hydraulic drive motor (33) to operate in reverse, to make the first winding deformation end head (35), the second winding deformation end head (36) and the third winding deformation end head (37) retreat; 4) controlling the rotating mechanism by the electric control box (10) to rotate the A phase to different angles; 5) repeating steps 2) to 4) to realize radial deformation at different positions around the A phase; 6) replacing the A phase with the B phase and the C phase in the winding to be tested in sequence, and repeating steps 1) to 5) to realize winding radial deformation simulation.

4. The diagnostic method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of realizing winding surface insulation layer damage comprises: 1) driving the axial movement etching mechanism (28) to move axially along the axial slide rail (26) by the electric control box (10), so that the axial movement etching mechanism (28) moves to the upper end of the A phase surface insulation layer damage calibration position in the winding to be tested; 2) under the driving of the internal motor, the etching end head (30) gradually approaches the A phase insulation layer surface, the etching end head (30) continuously feeds the etching calibration winding insulation layer, and the end head clamping arm (29) can avoid the etching end head (30) from being deflected during etching. 3) the axial movement etching mechanism (28) is driven by the electric control box (10) to move along the axial slide rail (26) to axially move, and the etching end head (30) is controlled to complete the surface insulation layer damage of different degrees at different positions on the same axis by controlling the feeding amount; 4) the rotation mechanism is controlled by the electric control box (10) to make the A phase rotate to different angles; 5) steps 1) to 4) are repeated, and the surface insulation layer damage at different positions of the circumferential surface of the A phase can be realized; 6) the A phase is sequentially replaced by the B phase and the C phase in the to-be-tested winding, steps 1) to 5) are repeated, and the winding surface insulation layer damage simulation is realized.

5. The diagnostic method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of analyzing the signal comprises: 1) after removing noise from the vibration signal, reconstructing analysis is performed; 2) a frequency spectrum model of the reconstructed signal is established, the frequency spectrum model comprising a frequency amplitude sequence and a frequency phase sequence; 3) a weighted time-frequency variational modal enhancement algorithm is used to perform frequency band segmentation on the frequency amplitude sequence, and the energy distribution of each sub-frequency band is calculated; 4) the frequency phase sequences under the composite fault working condition and the normal working condition are constructed into vectors, and the phase entropy is calculated based on the distance between the vectors; 5) the ratio between the energy distributions under the composite fault working condition and the normal working condition is accumulated and summed, and the amplitude-frequency energy function is calculated accordingly; and 6) the fault degree of the winding is judged based on the transformation law of the phase entropy and the amplitude-frequency energy function.

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