A power battery liquid cooling device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure

Abstract

A power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure belongs to the field of power battery cooling. It includes a cover plate, a base, and a coolant flow channel provided on the base. The cover plate and the base are connected to form a liquid cooling plate, and the coolant flow channel is a groove opened in the base. Shark skin is covered with shield scales. A single shark shield scale is diamond-shaped, and its outer surface is distributed with grooves and ribs. The inclined flow channel in this device divides the coolant flow channel into several diamond-shaped flow channels - a single diamond-shaped area. The diamond-shaped flow channel is biomimetic to the diamond shape of shark shield scales. Several straight flow channels penetrate the diamond flow channel. The straight flow channel is biomimetic to the groove structure of the shield scales. The area not penetrated by the straight flow channel is biomimetic to the ribs of the shield scales. The ribs and grooves are staggered, making the coolant flow channel biomimetic to the shield scales of shark skin. It can effectively reduce the resistance of water flow, improve the flow efficiency of fluid, and thus enhance the heat dissipation performance. It has a simple structure, is easy to process, is low in cost, and is suitable for promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of power battery cooling, and in particular relates to a power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles and renewable energy storage systems, the energy density and efficiency of power batteries are constantly improving. However, this comes with the significant heat generated during the charging and discharging process. This not only affects battery efficiency, but can also reduce battery life and even lead to safety issues. Therefore, battery heat dissipation has become a key challenge in the development of technologies for electric vehicles and related applications.

[0003] Traditional battery cooling systems mostly use air cooling or liquid cooling technology. Air cooling systems are usually simpler in structure, but have low heat dissipation efficiency and are difficult to control local overheating. Liquid cooling systems, on the other hand, remove the heat generated by the battery through circulating coolant, which usually provides better heat dissipation. The advantages of liquid cooling technology are particularly evident in high-power density applications. However, liquid cooling systems still face some challenges in practical applications. The flow channel structure of traditional liquid cooling systems has problems such as uneven coolant flow, excessive flow resistance, and unsatisfactory heat dissipation efficiency, which can lead to overheating of power batteries, reduced lifespan, and pose challenges to power battery safety. The existing bionic structure flow channel has a complex structure and is difficult to process, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the liquid cooling system.

[0004] Therefore, designing a power battery liquid cooling device that can economically and effectively improve the fluid flow performance of the liquid cooling system, optimize the heat dissipation efficiency, and reduce energy loss has become an urgent need in current technological development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure, so as to solve the defects in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure includes a cover plate, a base and a coolant flow channel arranged on the base. The cover plate and the base are connected to form a liquid cooling plate. The coolant flow channel is a groove opened on the base, including a bionic shark skin flow channel, a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet; the bionic shark skin flow channel includes a straight flow channel and an oblique flow channel. The oblique flow channels are staggered to form a uniformly distributed single diamond area, and the straight flow channel runs through the single diamond area.

[0008] As described above, in a power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure, the angle between the two staggered oblique flow channels is ɑ, the spacing between the parallel oblique flow channels on the same side is equal, the single rhombus area is the smallest rhombus area formed by the staggered oblique flow channels, and N straight flow channels are provided within the single rhombus area.

[0009] As described above, in a power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure, the coolant inlet is located at the midpoint of the front end of the base, and a cross flow channel perpendicular to the straight flow channel is provided at the coolant inlet, and the cross flow channel and the staggered oblique flow channels form a triangular area; similarly, the coolant outlet is located at the midpoint of the rear end of the base, and a cross flow channel perpendicular to the straight flow channel is also provided at the coolant outlet, and the cross flow channel and the staggered oblique flow channels also form a triangular area.

[0010] As described above, a power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure, the cover plate, the base and the coolant flow channel constitute the liquid cooling and heat dissipation device, and single batteries are arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling and heat dissipation device.

[0011] In the power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device having a bionic shark skin flow channel structure as described above, the side walls of the straight flow channel and the oblique flow channel are fixedly provided with spoiler fins.

[0012] As described above, in a power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure, several coolant inlets and coolant outlets are respectively provided on the base; several coolant inlets in the same row are connected in series through a coolant inlet pipe, and coolant outlets in the same row are connected in series through a coolant outlet pipe, and solenoid valves are respectively provided on the coolant inlet pipe and the coolant outlet pipe.

[0013] As described above, a power battery liquid cooling heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure is provided with different graded flow channels according to the heat dissipation efficiency. The graded flow channels are, in order from low to high according to the heat dissipation efficiency, a first-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel, a second-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel, a third-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel, and an N-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel.

[0014] In the power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device having a bionic shark skin flow channel structure as described above, the graded flow channels are realized by changing the spacing of the oblique flow channels.

[0015] In the power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device having a bionic shark skin flow channel structure as described above, heat conducting fins are provided in the direct flow channel.

[0016] As described above, a power battery liquid cooling heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure is provided, wherein slots are provided on the base corresponding to the heat-conducting fins, and a hinge shaft is provided in the slot for plugging and fitting. The hinge shaft is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting fins, and the top side of the heat-conducting fins is in sliding contact with the cover plate. The hinge shaft is located at the end of the heat-conducting fins facing the coolant inlet.

[0017] The advantages of the present invention are: shark skin is covered with shield scales, a single shark shield scale is diamond-shaped, and its outer surface is distributed with grooves and ribs. The oblique flow channel in this device divides the coolant flow channel into several diamond-shaped flow channels - single diamond-shaped areas, the diamond-shaped flow channel imitates the diamond shape of the shark shield scale, and several straight flow channels penetrate the diamond flow channel. The straight flow channel imitates the groove structure of the shield scale, and the part not penetrated by the straight flow channel imitates the ribs of the shield scale. The ribs and the grooves are staggered, so that the coolant flow channel imitates the shield scales of shark skin, which can effectively reduce the resistance of water flow, improve the flow efficiency of the fluid, and thus improve the heat dissipation performance. In addition, the structure is simple, the processing is convenient, the cost is low, and it is suitable for promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the base structure;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the coolant flow channel;

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the bionic shark skin flow channel;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the coolant outlet flow channel and the coolant inlet flow channel;

[0024] Figure 6a Schematic diagram of the structure of the test unit of the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 6b Schematic diagram of the flow channel structure of two configurations of the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6c 2 is a comparison chart of the simulation results of the flow channel structure of the two configurations of the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7It is a partial enlarged view of the groove structure of the coolant flow channel;

[0028] Figure 8a It is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow channel structure with multiple inlets and outlets for coolant;

[0029] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the coolant heat dissipation device and the battery module;

[0030] Figure 9a This is a schematic diagram of the secondary bionic shark skin diamond flow channel structure;

[0031] Figure 9b This is a schematic diagram of the three-stage bionic shark skin diamond flow channel structure;

[0032] Figure 10a Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connection between the heat conducting fins and the base;

[0033] Figure 10b Schematic diagram of the connection structure between the heat conducting fins and the substrate;

[0034] Figure 10c The top view and right view of the thermal fin.

[0035] Figure numerals: 1. cover plate, 2. coolant flow channel, 3. base, 4. coolant inlet, 5. coolant outlet, 6. bionic shark skin flow channel, 7. installation position, 8. straight flow channel, 9. oblique flow channel, 10. single diamond area, 11. cross flow channel, 12. triangular area, 13. single battery, 14. liquid cooling device, 15. spoiler fin, 16. coolant inlet pipe, 17. coolant outlet pipe, 18. solenoid valve, 19. first-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel, 20. second-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel, 21. third-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel, 22. thermal fin, 23. slot, 24. hinge shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] A power battery liquid cooling device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6a 、 Figure 6b 、 Figure 6c 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8a 、 Figure 8b 、 Figure 9a 、 Figure 9b 、 Figure 10a 、 Figure 10b 、 Figure 10c As shown, it includes a cover plate 1, a base 3 and a coolant flow channel 2 provided on the base 3. The cover plate 1 is connected to the base 3 to form a liquid cooling plate. The cover plate 1 and the base 3 can be fixedly connected or detachably connected. Reserved installation positions 7 are provided at the four corners of the base 3. When the base 3 and the cover plate 1 are detachably connected, a mounting hole is opened on the reserved installation position 7, and a mounting groove is also opened on the cover plate 1. The mounting holes and the mounting grooves correspond to each other one by one. Bolts are used to pass through the mounting grooves and the mounting holes to fasten the cover plate 1 and the base 3 together, and high-temperature resistant sealant is applied to the adjacent sides of the base 3 and the cover plate 1 to increase the sealing of the connection between the cover plate 1 and the base 3. In this embodiment, the cover plate 1 and the base 3 are fixedly connected together by welding. The cover plate 1 and the base 3 are both made of metal materials with good thermal conductivity. In this embodiment, they are both made of metal aluminum. The coolant flow channel 2 is a groove opened on the base 3, including a bionic shark skin flow channel 6, a coolant inlet 4 and a coolant outlet 5. The bionic shark skin flow channel 6 is located on the top side of the base 3, and the coolant inlet 4 and the coolant outlet 5 are located on two opposite sides of the base 3. One end of the bionic shark skin flow channel 6 is connected to the coolant inlet 4, and the other end is connected to the coolant outlet 5. The cover plate 1 covers the groove to form a coolant flow channel 2. When the coolant flows through the coolant flow channel 2, it first enters the bionic shark skin flow channel 6 located in the middle of the flow channel from the coolant inlet 4 located at the front end of the flow channel, and then flows out through the coolant outlet 5 located at the rear end of the flow channel; the bionic shark skin flow channel 6 includes a straight flow channel 8 and an oblique flow channel 9, which effectively reduces the complexity of the bionic structure flow channel. The oblique flow channels 9 are staggered to form a uniformly distributed single rhombus area 10. The straight flow channel 8 runs through the single rhombus area 10. The two ends of the straight flow channel 8 are connected to the two oblique flow channels 9. The straight flow channel 8 is diverted by the oblique flow channel 9. The flow resistance of the coolant can be effectively reduced by diverting, and the heat exchange area can be increased to improve the uniformity of heat exchange. Shark skin is covered with shield scales. A single shark shield scale is diamond-shaped, and its outer surface is distributed with grooves and ribs. The oblique flow channel 9 in this device divides the coolant flow channel 2 into several diamond-shaped flow channels - single diamond-shaped areas 10. The diamond-shaped flow channel imitates the diamond shape of the shark shield scale. Several straight flow channels 8 pass through the diamond flow channel. The straight flow channel 8 imitates the groove structure of the shield scale. The part not penetrated by the straight flow channel 8 imitates the ribs of the shield scale. The ribs and grooves are staggered, so that the coolant flow channel 2 imitates the shield scale of shark skin, which can effectively reduce the resistance of water flow, improve the flow efficiency of the fluid, and thus improve the heat dissipation performance. In addition, the structure is simple, the processing is convenient, the cost is low, and it is suitable for promotion.

[0038] Specifically, if Figure 4As shown, the angle between the two staggered oblique flow channels 9 in this embodiment is ɑ, which is 126.87° in this embodiment. The spacing between the parallel oblique flow channels 9 on the same side is equal, which is 18.5 mm in this embodiment. The single diamond-shaped area 10 is the smallest diamond-shaped area formed by the staggered oblique flow channels 9. N straight flow channels 8 are provided in the single diamond-shaped area 10, and N is 5 in this embodiment. They are symmetrically distributed in the single diamond-shaped area 10 and are spaced 8 mm apart. This improves the flow characteristics of the coolant and enhances the efficiency of the heat dissipation system.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the coolant inlet 4 of this embodiment is located at the front midpoint of the base 3. A cross flow channel 11 is provided at the coolant inlet 4, perpendicular to the straight flow channel 8. The cross flow channel 11 and the intersecting oblique flow channels 9 form a triangular area 12. Similarly, the coolant outlet 5 is located at the rear midpoint of the base 3. A cross flow channel 11 is also provided at the coolant outlet 5, perpendicular to the straight flow channel 8. The cross flow channel 11 and the intersecting oblique flow channels 9 also form a triangular area 12. This can enhance the uniformity of heat dissipation at the inlet and outlet, thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the power battery.

[0040] Further, such as Figure 6a and Figure 6b As shown, the cover plate 1, base 3 and coolant flow channel 2 of this embodiment constitute a liquid cooling heat dissipation device 14, and single cells 13 are set on both sides of the liquid cooling heat dissipation device 14. According to the actual size parameters and physical parameters of the power battery and the actual heat dissipation requirements of the battery heat generation rate, two single cells 13 in the battery module are selected as test units, wherein the capacity of the single cell 13 is 30Ah, the size parameters are 150mm×150mm×9mm, the discharge rate is 2C, and the volume heat generation rate is 54531W / m3. The thickness of the cover plate 1 is 1mm, the thickness of the base 3 is 3mm, and the depth and width of the coolant flow channel 2 are 2mm. When the above flow channel structure parameters are the same, the use of Figure 6b The numerical simulation comparison of Configuration I - the traditional parallel flow channel liquid cooling device and Configuration II - the bionic shark skin flow channel liquid cooling device of this device was carried out; the flow channel heat transfer area of ​​Configuration I is 7692 mm², and the number N of straight flow channels in the single rhombus area 10 of Configuration II is 3, and its heat transfer area is 7147.67 mm²; according to Figure 6cComparison results show that Configuration II exhibits lower average pressure drop, maximum temperature, average temperature, and maximum temperature difference compared to Configuration I, demonstrating a more efficient heat exchange system and significantly reducing the maximum and average temperatures of the power battery. The simple structure of the coolant flow channels, consisting of straight channels 8 and diagonal channels 9, significantly reduces machining difficulty and cost compared to existing biomimetic channels. The number N of straight channels and channel size parameters within the single rhombus region allow for optimal selection based on actual operating conditions, resulting in superior machining performance.

[0041] Furthermore, if Figure 7 As shown, under high heat exchange conditions, the sidewalls of the straight flow channel 8 and the oblique flow channel 9 in this embodiment are fixedly provided with spoiler fins 15. The spoiler fins 15 are evenly distributed on the sidewalls of the flow channel in the single diamond region 10. The cross-sectional shape of the spoiler fins 15 can be limited to circular, fan-shaped, teardrop-shaped, or polygonal according to actual processing conditions and heat dissipation requirements. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the spoiler fins 15 is circular. The spoiler fins 15 can enhance the heat exchange effect and improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0042] Furthermore, if Figure 8a and Figure 8b As shown, in this embodiment, the base 3 is provided with multiple coolant inlets 4 and outlets 5. In actual applications, the number of coolant inlets and outlets can be adjusted based on heat dissipation requirements and the structure of the liquid cooling plate. In this embodiment, three coolant inlets 4 and three outlets 5 are provided, and three coolant inlet pipes 16 and three outlet pipes 17 are also provided to enhance the heat exchange capacity of the liquid cooling device 14. Several coolant inlets 4 in the same row are connected in series via the coolant inlet pipes 16, and the coolant outlets 5 in the same row are connected in series via the coolant outlet pipes 17. Solenoid valves 18 are provided on each of the coolant inlet pipes 16 and the coolant outlet pipes 17. Coolant enters the coolant inlet 4 through the coolant inlet pipes 16, flows through the bionic shark skin flow channel 6, and is discharged through the coolant outlet 5 and into the coolant outlet pipe 17. By controlling the solenoid valves 18, the coolant flow rate can be controlled to meet different heat exchange requirements.

[0043] Furthermore, if Figure 9a and Figure 9bAs shown, in order to solve the problem of excessively high local temperature at the coolant outlet 5, the bionic shark skin flow channel 6 described in this embodiment is provided with different graded flow channels according to the heat dissipation efficiency. The graded flow channels are arranged in order from low to high according to the heat dissipation efficiency, namely, the first-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 19, the second-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 20, the third-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 21, and the N-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel. In this embodiment, a planar schematic diagram of the first-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 19, the second-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 20, and the third-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 21 is provided. The coolant flows through the first-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 19 into the second-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 20, which increases the heat exchange area of ​​the coolant and enhances the heat exchange of the coolant outlet 5, thereby reducing the temperature difference of the battery. The graded flow channel design can set the number of grades according to the heat dissipation requirements of the battery. Figure 9b A planar schematic diagram of a structure with three-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channels 21 is given.

[0044] Furthermore, if Figure 9a and Figure 9b As shown in FIG, the graded flow channel of this embodiment is realized by changing the spacing of the oblique flow channel 9. Specifically, when the battery discharge rate is 2C, the graded flow channel can be used. Figure 9a The liquid cooling device 14 with the secondary bionic shark skin diamond-shaped flow channels 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a base 3 divided into two parts with equal areas, the upper part being the primary bionic shark skin diamond-shaped flow channels 19 connected to the coolant inlet 4, and the lower part being the secondary bionic shark skin diamond-shaped flow channels 20 connected to the coolant outlet 5. If the spacing between the oblique flow channels 9 in the primary bionic shark skin diamond-shaped flow channels 19 is D, then the spacing between the oblique flow channels 9 in the secondary bionic shark skin diamond-shaped flow channels 20 is D / 2.

[0045] For example, when the battery discharge rate is 3C, you can use Figure 9b The liquid cooling heat dissipation device 14 shown has a three-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 21, wherein the base 3 is divided into three parts with equal areas of upper, middle and lower areas, the upper part is the first-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 19 connected to the coolant inlet 4, the middle part is the second-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 20, and the lower part is the third-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 21 connected to the coolant outlet 5; if the spacing between the oblique flow channels 9 of the first-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 19 is D, then the spacing between the oblique flow channels 9 of the second-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 20 is D / 2, and the spacing between the oblique flow channels 9 of the third-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel 21 is D / 4.

[0046] Furthermore, if Figure 10a 、 Figure 10b and Figure 10c As shown, the direct current channel 8 of this embodiment is provided with heat conducting fins 22. Figure 10bThe following are three-dimensional views of the thermal fins 22. Furthermore, the thickness of the thermal fins 22 is generally selected based on the flow channel width, and the ends are generally sharp or rounded. In this embodiment, the corners are rounded. The thermal fins 22 are evenly arranged within the direct current channels 8 within the single diamond-shaped area 10. The fin length is selected based on the length of the shortest direct current channel 8 within the single diamond-shaped area 10 of each level of the bionic shark skin diamond flow channel, and is less than the shortest direct current channel 8. The addition of the thermal fins 22 enhances heat exchange between the coolant and the liquid cooling plate, making the present invention suitable for cooling high-heat-generating power batteries at higher discharge rates.

[0047] Furthermore, if Figure 10a 、 Figure 10b and Figure 10c As shown, in this embodiment, a slot 23 is provided on the base 3 corresponding to the heat-conducting fin 22, and the slot 23 is located on the bottom side of the direct current channel 8. A hinge shaft 24 is inserted and fitted in the slot 23. The hinge shaft 24 can rotate in the corresponding slot 23 and can be pulled out from the slot 23, and the outer periphery of the hinge shaft 24 is in sliding contact with the inner periphery of the slot 23. The hinge shaft 24 is coaxially arranged with the slot 23, and the hinge shaft 24 is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting fin 22. The top side of the heat-conducting fin 22 is in sliding contact with the cover plate 1 to prevent the hinge shaft 24 from falling out of the slot 23. The hinge shaft 24 is located at the end of the heat-conducting fin 22 facing the coolant inlet 4, and the axis of the hinge shaft 24 is coaxially arranged with the fillet at the end of the heat-conducting fin 22. The heat-conducting fins 22 are hinged on the base 3 through the cooperation of the slots 23 and the hinge shaft 24. The heat-conducting fins 22 can rotate along the axis of the hinge shaft 24 in the direct current channel 8. After the cover plate 1 is removed from the base 3, the hinge shaft 24 can be pulled out from the slot 23. The structure is simple, easy to process and easy to install. When the coolant flows through the direct current channel 8, the heat-conducting fins 22 divide the coolant and increase the turbulence of the coolant. The disturbance of the turbulent flow can destroy the thermal boundary layer, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. Under the impact of the turbulent coolant, the heat-conducting fins 22 swing along the hinge shaft 24, thereby further increasing the turbulence of the coolant.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure, comprising a cover plate (1), a base (3), and a cooling liquid flow channel (2) provided on the base (3), wherein the cover plate (1) and the base (3) are connected to form a liquid cooling plate, characterized in that: The coolant flow channel (2) is a groove opened on the base (3), including a bionic shark skin flow channel (6), a coolant inlet (4) and a coolant outlet (5); the bionic shark skin flow channel (6) includes a straight flow channel (8) and an oblique flow channel (9), the oblique flow channels (9) are intertwined to form a uniformly distributed single diamond area (10), and the straight flow channel (8) runs through the single diamond area (10); the oblique flow channel (9) divides the coolant flow channel (2) into several diamond flow channels - single diamond areas (10), the diamond flow channel is the diamond shape of the bionic shark shield scale, and several straight flow channels (8) run through the diamond flow channel, and the straight flow channel (8) is the groove structure of the bionic shield scale. The portion penetrated by the direct current channel (8) is ribbed like the shield scales of a bionic shark, and the ribs and the grooves are staggered, so that the coolant flow channel (2) is ribbed like the shield scales of a bionic shark skin, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the water flow; a heat-conducting fin (22) is provided in the direct current channel (8); a slot (23) is provided on the base (3) corresponding to the heat-conducting fin (22), and a hinge shaft (24) is provided in the slot (23) for plug-in engagement, the hinge shaft (24) is fixedly connected to the heat-conducting fin (22), the top side of the heat-conducting fin (22) is in sliding contact with the cover plate (1), and the hinge shaft (24) is located at one end of the heat-conducting fin (22) facing the coolant inlet (4).

2. The power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the two staggered oblique flow channels (9) is ɑ, the spacing between the parallel oblique flow channels (9) on the same side is equal, the single rhombus area (10) is the smallest rhombus area formed by the staggered oblique flow channels (9), and N straight flow channels (8) are provided in the single rhombus area (10).

3. The power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant inlet (4) is located at the midpoint of the front end of the base (3), and a cross flow channel (11) perpendicular to the straight flow channel (8) is provided at the coolant inlet (4), and the cross flow channel (11) and the staggered oblique flow channels (9) form a triangular area (12); similarly, the coolant outlet (5) is located at the midpoint of the rear end of the base (3), and a cross flow channel (11) perpendicular to the straight flow channel (8) is also provided at the coolant outlet (5), and the cross flow channel (11) and the staggered oblique flow channels (9) also form a triangular area (12).

4. The power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (1), the base (3) and the coolant flow channel (2) form a liquid cooling heat dissipation device (14), and single cells (13) are arranged on both sides of the liquid cooling heat dissipation device (14).

5. The power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Flow-turbulating fins (15) are fixedly provided on the side walls of the straight flow channel (8) and the oblique flow channel (9).

6. The power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several cooling liquid inlets (4) and cooling liquid outlets (5) are respectively provided on the base (3); the cooling liquid inlets (4) in the same row are connected in series via a cooling liquid inlet pipe (16), and the cooling liquid outlets (5) in the same row are connected in series via a cooling liquid outlet pipe (17), and electromagnetic valves (18) are respectively provided on the cooling liquid inlet pipe (16) and the cooling liquid outlet pipe (17).

7. The power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic shark skin flow channel (6) is provided with different graded flow channels according to the heat dissipation efficiency. The graded flow channels are arranged in descending order of heat dissipation efficiency as follows: a first-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel (19), a second-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel (20), a third-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel (21), and an N-level bionic shark skin diamond flow channel.

8. The power battery liquid cooling and heat dissipation device with a bionic shark skin flow channel structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The graded flow channels are realized by changing the spacing of the oblique flow channels (9).

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