Electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation liquid injection, ventilation and cooling systems

Abstract

The electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation liquid injection system, an air exchange system and a cooling system comprises the battery formation liquid injection system, a battery box air filtration system and an annular single battery cooling system which are arranged on an electric vehicle. And the temperature of the annular single battery is reduced by the annular single battery cooling system. Gas generated when the annular single batteries work is discharged and supplemented by the battery box air filtering system. And the lost electrolyte in the working process of the annular single batteries is supplied by a battery formation liquid injection system. According to the formation method, the following formation methods including low-temperature formation, low-current formation and opening formation can be provided at the same time, the formation process of the annular single battery is delayed to an electric vehicle, and low-temperature formation, low-current formation and opening formation are achieved on the electric vehicle. The single battery and the battery box produced by the method are air-transported to a designated place across China and intercontinental intercontinental space before formation and are mounted on an electric vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical fields of electric vehicles and lithium batteries, and particularly relates to an electric vehicle endurance guarantee system provided on an electric vehicle and composed of a battery formation and filling system, a battery box air filtration system, and an annular single-cell battery cooling system. Background Art

[0002] I. The reasons for the generation of gas in lithium-ion batteries during normal use are as follows:

[0003] 1. Redox decomposition of the electrolyte: Along with the change of the voltage of the positive and negative electrode plates, the electrolyte tends to be oxidized / reduced on the surface of the highly de-lithiated positive electrode / the fully lithiated negative electrode, resulting in gas generation. This is because of the insertion and extraction of Li ions. The Fermi level at the negative electrode is higher than the LUMO level of the electrolyte solution, and the electrolyte solution will accept electrons from the negative electrode, triggering a reduction reaction. Similarly, the Fermi level at the positive electrode is lower than the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of the electrolyte solution, so the electrolyte solution will lose electrons, triggering an oxidation reaction and being oxidized.

[0004] 2. Residual impurities in the positive electrode material: During the material preparation and storage processes, impurities (such as Li2CO3, etc.) will be formed on the surface of the positive electrode. During the cyclic use of the battery, these impurities will decompose to produce gas.

[0005] 3. Residual H2O caused by insufficient drying and H2O generated by side reactions: On the one hand, H2O will produce H2, and on the other hand, OH- generated by its reaction will promote the hydrolysis of EC to produce other gases.

[0006] 4. Crosstalk reaction: Products (such as gases, decomposition products, etc.) from one electrode can be absorbed or consumed at the other electrode, thereby generating more substances. In principle, the generated gas products and oxidation substances can be scattered on the surface of the positive electrode or dissolved in the electrolyte. However, they can also reach the negative electrode and be reduced there. For example, the generation of H2: The electrolyte oxide (R-H+), which diffuses from the positive electrode to the negative electrode and is reduced to increase H2.

[0007] II. During high-temperature use, in addition to the above 4 points, the following 3 points are also included:

[0008] 1. Decomposition of the SEI film: The SEI film formed during the first formation will decompose to produce gas under high-temperature conditions.

[0009] 2. Release of active oxygen by the positive electrode material: When the de-lithiated positive electrode material is subjected to high temperature, its crystal structure will undergo a series of changes. During this process, heat will be released and a part of highly active oxygen will be released. The active oxygen will oxidize the electrolyte to produce a large amount of gas.

[0010] III. Types of gases generated by lithium-ion batteries. Classified by the location where the gases are generated, they include the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side:

[0011] Positive electrode side: Positive electrode: O2, CO2, CO. 2. Negative electrode side: Negative electrode: CO, H2.

[0012] IV. Gases generated by common electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries

[0013] 1. EC: Oxidation at the positive electrode: CO2, CO; Reduction at the negative electrode: C2H4, CO, CH4 (requiring H 4 participation); CH4 is involved at both the positive and negative electrodes.

[0014] 2. PC: Oxidation at the positive electrode: CO2; Reduction at the negative electrode: C3H6.

[0015] 3. DMC: Oxidation at the positive electrode: CO2; Reduction at the negative electrode: CO, CH4 (requiring H 4 participation).

[0016] 4. DEC: Oxidation at the positive electrode: CO2; Reduction at the negative electrode: CO, C2H6 (requiring H 6 participation).

[0017] 5. EMC: Oxidation at the positive electrode: CO2; Reduction at the negative electrode: CO, CH4 (requiring H 4 participation), C2H6 (requiring H 6 participation).

[0018] V. In a lithium-ion battery with a liquid electrolyte, its structure generally adopts a sealed lean electrolyte form. As the number of cycles increases or the service life extends, the electrolyte in the battery gradually dries up, resulting in an increase in the battery internal resistance and a sharp decrease in the available capacity. Research shows that after replenishing the electrolyte to a dried-up battery, the battery performance can be immediately restored.

[0019] VI. Currently, the thermal management methods for automotive power lithium battery packs mainly include natural cooling, air cooling, liquid cooling, and direct cooling. Among them, natural refrigeration is passive, while air cooling, liquid cooling, and direct cooling are active. The purpose of using a cooling system for vehicle power lithium-ion battery packs is to cool or heat the power lithium-ion battery to maintain a better working temperature of the power lithium-ion battery and extend the service life of the lithium-ion battery. Considering the performance and structure of lithium-ion batteries, it is very likely that future batteries will not be able to operate without refrigeration.

[0020] The heat dissipation effect of power lithium-ion batteries is directly related to the battery's working efficiency, service life, and safety. Therefore, the cooling system of power lithium-ion battery packs in electric vehicles has high requirements for safety. In the field of the grouped application of on-vehicle power battery packs for electric vehicles, it is developing towards the CTP (CELL TO PACK) technology direction of high energy density and overall rapid grouping (packaging). The monomer size of cylindrical power batteries in industry standards is expanding from 21700 (diameter 21mm, height 70mm) to 46800 (diameter 46mm, height 80mm).

[0021] VII. Lithium battery formation is the first charging process of the battery after electrolyte injection. According to different conditions such as temperature, current, and injection port during lithium battery formation, lithium battery formation processes can be classified into the following categories:

[0022] 1. High-temperature formation: During the charge and discharge process, the battery cells are always in a high-temperature environment. High temperature can increase the rate of electrochemical reactions and the rate of SEI film formation. The formed SEI film has relatively high consistency but is loose and unstable.

[0023] 2. Low-temperature formation: During the charge and discharge process, the battery cells are always in a low-temperature environment. The SEI film formed during the low-temperature process is dense and stable, but the reaction rate is slow and the formation time is longer.

[0024] 3. High-current formation: During the formation process, the charge and discharge current is always at a relatively large current such as 0.5C, 1C, 2C, etc. High current can increase the rate of electrochemical reactions and the rate of SEI film formation, but the formed SEI film has low consistency, is loose, and unstable.

[0025] 4. Low-current formation: During the formation process, the charge and discharge current is always at a relatively small current such as 0.02C, 0.05C, etc. The SEI film formed during the low-current process is dense and stable, but the reduction in the reaction rate will prolong the formation time.

[0026] 5. Open formation: During the charge and discharge process, the injection port of the battery cell is always in an open state at normal pressure. The gas generated by the electrochemical reaction can be discharged in time, improving the consistency of SEI film formation. The formation equipment is simple and the cost is low, but the standing time is long and the environmental humidity conditions have high requirements.

[0027] 6. Closed formation: During the charge and discharge process, the injection port of the battery cell is always in a sealed state. There are no requirements for environmental humidity conditions during the formation process. However, the formation equipment process is complex and there is a risk of plastic deformation of the battery cell housing.

[0028] 7. Negative-pressure formation: During the charge and discharge process, the battery cell is evacuated to -80KPa from the injection port. Negative-pressure formation can discharge the generated gas in time, ensuring the stability and consistency of the SEI film. However, the formation equipment is complex and has high requirements for airtightness. In addition, electrolyte loss will occur during the evacuation process. Summary of the Invention

[0029] The battery formation and filling system, battery box air filtration system, and annular single-cell battery cooling system installed on an electric vehicle constitute the electric vehicle endurance guarantee system. When using the electric vehicle, the high temperature generated during the operation of the annular single-cell battery is reduced by the annular single-cell battery cooling system. The gas generated during the operation of the annular single-cell battery is discharged and supplemented by the battery box air filtration system. The electrolyte lost during the operation of the annular single-cell battery is replenished by the battery formation and filling system. Based on the above technical features, the present application can simultaneously provide the following formation methods:

[0030] 1. Low-temperature formation: During the charge and discharge process, the battery cell is always in a low-temperature environment. The SEI film formed during the low-temperature process is dense and stable, but the reaction rate is slow and the formation time is longer.

[0031] 2. Small-current formation: During the formation process, the charge and discharge current is always at a relatively small current such as 0.02C and 0.05C. The SEI film formed during the small-current process is dense and stable, but the reduction in the reaction rate will prolong the formation time.

[0032] 3. Open formation: During the charge and discharge process, the injection port of the battery cell is always in an open state at normal pressure, and the gas generated by the electrochemical reaction can be discharged in time, improving the consistency of the SEI film formation. The formation equipment is simple and the cost is low, but the standing time is long and the environmental humidity condition requirements are high.

[0033] The beneficial effect of the present application is that the formation process of the annular single-cell battery is postponed to the electric vehicle, and low-temperature formation, small-current formation, and open formation are realized on the electric vehicle. The single-cell battery and battery box produced by this method can be air-transported across countries and continents to the designated location before formation, realizing rapid transportation and rapid installation. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 is an enlarged view of the electric vehicle annular single-cell battery endurance guarantee system of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte automatic replenishment control system of the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 is a connection diagram of the electrolyte conveyor and the battery pack through a delivery pipe of the present application.

[0037] Figure 4 is a first three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator of the present application.

[0038] Figure 5 is a first three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the liquid conveyor of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0039] Figure 6 is the first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the exhaust mechanism of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0040] Figure 7 is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator of the present application.

[0041] Figure 8 is the third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the gas-liquid separator of the present application.

[0042] Figure 9 is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the exhaust mechanism of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0043] Figure 10 is the first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0044] Figure 11 and Figure 12 are the structural diagrams of the first and second electrolyte storage bottles of the present application.

[0045] Figure 13 is the first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the vibration mechanism of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0046] Figure 14 is the first three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the conversion mechanism of the electrolyte conveyor of the present application.

[0047] Figure 15 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the bases of the first and second electrolyte storage bottles of the present application.

[0048] Figure 16 is the present application Figure 8 is the enlarged view of part A of the gas-liquid separation mechanism of the present application.

[0049] Figure 17 is the structural schematic diagram of the filter element and filter paper of the air filter of the battery box of the present application;

[0050] Figure 18 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the upper and lower shells of the air filter of the battery box of the present application;

[0051] Figure 19 is the structural schematic diagram of the filter element and the upper and lower shells of the air filter of the battery box of the present application;

[0052] Figure 20 is the schematic diagram of the check valve of the present application.

[0053] Figure 21 is the present application Figure 24 is the enlarged view of part B of the magnetic plug-in double-acting connector of the present application.

[0054] Figure 22It is a cross-sectional view of the check valve of this application.

[0055] Figure 23 It is a perspective view of the floating plug body of the magnetic adsorption plug-and-play dual-action connector of this application.

[0056] Figure 24 It is a cross-sectional view after the magnetic adsorption plug-and-play dual-action connector of this application is plugged in place.

[0057] Figure 25 It is a perspective view of the floating socket body of the magnetic adsorption plug-and-play dual-action connector of this application.

[0058] Figure 26 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the injector and the infusion tube of this application.

[0059] Figure 27 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the injector of this application.

[0060] Figure 28 It is a perspective view of the first liquid collection and flow resistance plate of this application.

[0061] Figure 29 It is a cross-sectional view of the first liquid collection and flow resistance plate of this application.

[0062] Figure 30 It is a cross-sectional structure diagram of the liquid injector of this application.

[0063] Figure 31 It is a perspective view of the second liquid collection and flow resistance plate of this application.

[0064] Figure 32 It is a cross-sectional view of the second liquid collection and flow resistance plate of this application.

[0065] Figure 33 It is a schematic diagram of the seal ring structure of the injector of this application.

[0066] Figure 34 It is a schematic diagram of the sliding cavity structure of the injector of this application.

[0067] Figure 35 It is a structure diagram of the annular single cell and the coolant exchanger adhered to the annular groove of this application.

[0068] Figure 36 It is a perspective view of the annular single cell core of this application.

[0069] Figure 37 It is a perspective view of the first pole column of the battery case of this application.

[0070] Figure 38 It is an exploded view of the battery case of this application including the connection between the first pole column and the second nut.

[0071] Figure 39It is a top view of the connection between the first and second main busbars of this application and the annular single cell.

[0072] Figure 40 It is a three-dimensional view of the fifth spring washer of this application.

[0073] Figure 41 It is this application Figure 35 An enlarged cross-sectional view of the installation of the positive electrode terminal in part D in this application.

[0074] Figure 42 It is this application Figure 35 An enlarged cross-sectional view of part C where the first and second busbars of this application are connected to the top of the annular single cell.

[0075] Figure 43 It is this application Figure 31 An enlarged cross-sectional view of the installation of the first negative electrode terminal in part E in this application.

[0076] Figure 44 It is this application Figure 31 An enlarged cross-sectional view of the installation of the second negative electrode terminal in part F in this application.

[0077] Figure 45 It is a schematic diagram of the bolt of the expansion screw of this application.

[0078] Figure 46 It is a cross-sectional view of the expansion screw of the electrode terminal of this application.

[0079] Figure 47 It is a schematic structural diagram of the expansion screw of the electrode terminal of this application.

[0080] Figure 48 It is a schematic diagram of the sleeve of the expansion screw of this application.

[0081] Figure 49 It is a three-dimensional view of the positive connection wire of this application.

[0082] Figure 50 It is a cross-sectional view of the positive connection wire of this application.

[0083] Figure 51 It is a three-dimensional view of the first busbar of this application.

[0084] Figure 52 It is a three-dimensional view of the second busbar of this application.

[0085] Figure 53 It is a three-dimensional view of the bottom pole connection end of this application.

[0086] Figure 54 It is a cross-sectional view of the bottom pole connection end of this application.

[0087] Figure 55It is a cross-sectional view of the radiator of the present application.

[0088] Figure 56 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric water tank part of the radiator of the present application.

[0089] Figure 57 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection of multiple annular grooves of the present application.

[0090] Figure 58 It is a structural diagram of the annular single-cell battery cooling system of the present application.

[0091] Figure 59 It is a top view of the coolant exchanger of the present application.

[0092] Figure 60 It is a sectional view of the coolant exchanger of the present application.

[0093] Figure 61 It is an exploded view of the first embodiment of the annular single-cell battery core of the present application.

[0094] Figure 62 It is a sectional view of the first embodiment of the annular single-cell battery core of the present application.

[0095] Figure 63 It is a three-dimensional view of the second pole column of the annular single-cell battery core of the present application.

[0096] Figure 64 It is an exploded view of the second embodiment of the annular single-cell battery core of the present application.

[0097] Figure 65 It is a sectional view of the second embodiment of the annular single-cell battery core of the present application.

[0098] Figure 66 It is a three-dimensional view of the electrolyte injection channel of the present application.

[0099] Figure 67 It is a three-dimensional view of the first current collector plate of the present application.

[0100] Figure 68 It is a three-dimensional view of the first thread of the first current collector plate of the present application.

[0101] Figure 69 It is a sectional view of the first current collector plate of the present application.

[0102] Figure 70 It is a rear view of the first current collector plate of the present application.

[0103] Figure 71 It is a three-dimensional view of the second current collector plate of the present application.

[0104] Figure 72 It is a front view of the second current collector plate of the present application.

[0105] Figure 73 It is the cross-sectional view of the second current collector plate of the present application.

[0106] Figure 74 It is the structural diagram of the internal material layer of the annular single-cell battery of the present application.

[0107] Figure 75 It is the front-side cross-sectional view of the container energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0108] Figure 76 It is the side cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0109] Figure 77 It is the side cross-sectional view of the battery box of the container energy storage power station of the present invention.

[0110] Figure 78 It is the enlarged view of the left-side cross-sectional view of the battery box of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0111] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a battery box 4 is arranged on an electric vehicle chassis 2, a battery pack 6 is installed on a lower cover 7 inside the battery box 4, the battery pack 6 is composed of a plurality of annular single-cell batteries 40, and an upper cover 5 is installed on the lower cover 7. A battery formation and liquid injection system 35 arranged on the electric vehicle chassis 2 is connected and composed of an electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45, an electrolyte conveyor 28, an infusion pipe 29, an injector 36, the annular single-cell battery 40, a first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, a second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and a third non-contact liquid level sensor 39. The electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45 is simultaneously connected to a servo motor 15 of the electrolyte conveyor 28, the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39. The electrolyte conveyor 28 is connected to an electrolyte delivery pipe 29, the electrolyte delivery pipe 29 is connected to the injector 36, and the injector 36 is connected to the annular single-cell battery 40. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 and the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 are connected to a programmable controller.

[0112] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 35As shown, a liquid injector 36 is provided on the liquid injection pipe 388 of the annular single-cell battery 40 in the battery box 5. The liquid outlet 182 of the liquid injector 36 is connected to the eighth thread 389 of the liquid injection pipe 388. A first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 is provided on the frontmost row of annular single-cell batteries 40 in the battery box 5. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 is provided at the highest liquid level of the first row of annular single-cell batteries 40, and is used to detect whether the liquid level of the first row of annular single-cell batteries 40 has risen to its highest liquid level. When it is detected that the liquid level of the first row of annular single-cell batteries 40 has risen to its highest liquid level, a first trigger signal is sent to the programmable controller 48. A second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 is provided on the annular single-cell batteries 40 in the middle of the battery box 5. The second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 is provided at the lowest liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries 40 in the middle, and is used to detect whether the liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries 40 in the middle has dropped to its lowest liquid level. When it is detected that the liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries 40 in the middle has dropped to its lowest liquid level, a second trigger signal is sent to the programmable controller 48. A third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 is provided on the annular single-cell batteries 40 at the rearmost end of the battery box 5. The third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 is provided at the highest liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries 40 at the rearmost end, and is used to detect whether the liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries 40 at the rearmost end has risen to its highest liquid level. When it is detected that the liquid level of the annular single-cell batteries 40 at the rearmost end has risen to its highest liquid level, a third trigger signal is sent to the programmable controller 48. When the programmable controller 48 receives the first trigger signal and the third trigger signal, the servo motor 15 is turned off. When the second trigger signal is received, the electrolyte conveyor 28 starts to work, and conveys the electrolyte in the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 to the liquid injector 36. The liquid level in the liquid injector 36 is automatically maintained between the highest liquid level and the lowest liquid level to ensure that electrolyte is provided to each annular single-cell battery 40. N first non-contact liquid level sensors 37, second non-contact liquid level sensors 38, and third non-contact liquid level sensors 39 are also provided on the annular single-cell batteries 40 in the battery box as needed.

[0113] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a servo motor 15 is installed on the electrolyte conveyor 28, and the electrolyte conveyor 28 is connected to the electrolyte delivery pipe 29. The electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45 includes a programmable logic controller 48, a servo motor 15, a first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, a second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, a third non-contact liquid level sensor 39, a liquid level indicator light 44, a programmer 46, and an I / O expansion unit 51. Other peripherals 52 and an alarm indicator light 57 are connected to the programmable logic controller 48. A peripheral interface 47, a memory 49, an I / O expansion interface 50, an input module 54, a power supply module 55, and an output module 56 are connected to a microprocessor 53. The programmer 46 and the peripheral interface 47 are connected to the other peripherals 52. The I / O expansion interface 50 is connected to the I / O expansion unit 51. The servo motor 15 and the alarm indicator light 57 are connected to the output module 56. The liquid level indicator light 44, the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 are connected to the input module 54.

[0114] The programmer 46 programs the program of the programmable logic controller 48 according to different control requirements. The memory 49 is used to store user programs, system programs, and other data. The I / O expansion interface 50 is connected to the I / O expansion unit 51 to expand input and output devices. The input module 54 is used to receive the first trigger signal, the second trigger signal, and the third trigger signal sent by the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39, and forwards the received signals to the microprocessor 53. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 are separate optoelectronic liquid level sensors or capacitive liquid level sensors. The microprocessor 53 will perform corresponding control only after receiving the corresponding trigger signal to ensure the normal operation of the entire system. The output module 56 is connected to the servo motor 15. The microprocessor 53 is connected to the servo motor 15 through the output module 56. When the microprocessor 53 performs corresponding control according to relevant trigger signals, it sends corresponding control signals to the servo motor 15 through the output module 56 to control the opening or closing of the servo motor 15. The power supply module 55 is used to provide the working voltage required for the input module 54, the output module 56, and the microprocessor 53. The liquid level indicator light 44 is used to indicate the liquid level and issue a light signal alarm. The programmable logic controller 48 can detect the signal of the liquid level indicator light 44, and when detecting the signal of the liquid level indicator light 44, it controls the alarm indicator light 57 to emit an alarm signal to prompt the driver of the liquid level state at the lowest liquid level of the annular single battery 40 in the middle of the battery box 5 corresponding to the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38.

[0115] As Figure 1As shown, the electrolyte conveyor 28 is installed on the electric vehicle chassis 2 by passing the first screw rod 18 through the first mounting hole 19. The electrolyte conveyor 28 includes a mounting frame 16, a housing 17, a rotating cylinder 25, an infusion machine 14, and an exhaust machine 22. The housing 17 is provided on both sides of the mounting frame 16, and the rotating cylinder 25 is provided between the lower sides of the front sides of the two housings 17. The mounting frame 16 is provided in front of the rotating cylinder 25, and a liquid outlet pipe 27 is provided below the rotating cylinder 25. The infusion machine 14 is provided on the housing 17, and the exhaust machine 22 is provided above the rotating cylinder 25.

[0116] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the infusion machine 14 includes a support 13, a servo motor 15, a liquid guide pipe 24, a liquid-pushing rotating block 64, and a first rotating shaft 65. The supports 13 are provided on the left and right sides of the mounting frame 16 at the rear side. The servo motor 15 is installed on the two supports 13 of the infusion machine 14. The output shaft of the servo motor 15 is connected to the first rotating shaft 65. The liquid-pushing rotating block 64 is provided on the first rotating shaft 65. The liquid guide pipe 24 is provided below the liquid-pushing rotating block 64. The liquid guide pipe 24 is connected to the liquid-pushing rotating block 64. The first rotating shaft 65 is rotatably connected to the housing 17.

[0117] As Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, the exhaust machine 22 includes an exhaust cylinder 66, a gas guide pipe 72, a first one-way valve 21, a second one-way valve 23, a guide rod 67, a top plate 68, a support plate 69, a piston rod 70, and a first spring 71. The exhaust cylinder 66 is provided on the top plate 68. The gas guide pipe 72 is connected to the rotating cylinder 25 and the exhaust cylinder 66. The first one-way valve 21 is provided in the middle of the upper part of the exhaust cylinder 66. The second one-way valve 23 is provided at the rear side of the gas guide pipe 72. The support plate 69 is provided at the front side inside the mounting frame 16. The guide rods 67 are provided on the front and rear sides between the support plate 69 and the mounting frame 16. The top plate 68 is slidably provided between the two guide rods 67. After the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 rotates, it contacts the top plate 68. The piston rod 70 is welded on the upper side of the top plate 68. The piston rod 70 is slidably connected to the exhaust cylinder 66. A first spring 71 is connected between the top plate 68 and the exhaust cylinder 66. The first spring 71 is wound around the piston rod 70.

[0118] Figure 1 , Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown in the figure, a first bottle mouth 83 is provided on the first electrolyte storage bottle 10, and a second bottle mouth 84 is provided on the second electrolyte storage bottle 9. The first electrolyte storage bottle 10 is installed on the first base 11, and the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 is installed on the second base 20. The second bottle mouth 84 is connected to the liquid guide pipe 24, the first bottle mouth 83 is connected to the liquid guide pipe 24, and the electrolyte delivery pipe 29 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 27 on the lower side of the rotating cylinder 25. The electrolytes in the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 and the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 flow into the rotating cylinder 25 through the liquid guide pipe 24, and the gas contained in the electrolyte is located above the rotating cylinder 25.

[0119] As Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, an air-liquid separator 26 is provided on the electrolyte conveyor 28. The air-liquid separator 26 includes a stirring frame 59, a worm 60, a second rotating shaft 61, a first support block 62, a turbine 63, a guide wheel 74, a belt 75, and a third rotating shaft 76. Guide wheels 74 are provided on the front sides of the left and right sides of the mounting frame 16, and the guide wheels 74 are rotatably connected to the housing 17 on the same side. A second rotating shaft 61 is provided on the lower side of the housing 17, and the second rotating shaft 61 is rotatably connected to the rotating cylinder 25. Transmission wheels are used to wind the belt 75 between the left and right sides of the first rotating shaft 65 and the second rotating shaft 61 on the same side, and the belt 75 bypasses the guide wheel 74 on the same side. A third rotating shaft 76 is rotatably provided on the lower side inside the rotating cylinder 25, and a turbine 63 is provided on the lower side of the third rotating shaft 76. A stirring frame 59 is welded on the upper side of the third rotating shaft 76, and first support blocks 62 are fixedly connected by bolts on the lower sides of the left and right sides inside the rotating cylinder 25. The second rotating shaft 61 is rotatably connected to the first support block 62 on the same side, a worm 60 is connected between the two second rotating shafts 61, and the worm 60 meshes with the turbine 63.

[0120] As Figure 1 , Figure 13 and Figure 16 shown, the vibrator 36 of the electrolyte conveyor 28 includes a convex block 89, a second support block 85, a slide bar 88, a second spring 87, and a pressing block 86. Convex blocks 89 are welded on both of the second rotating shafts 61, second support blocks 85 are provided on the rear sides of the lower parts of the left and right sides of the rotating cylinder 25, slide bars 88 are welded on the lower parts of the left and right sides of the second support blocks 85, there are four slide bars 88, a pressing block 86 is slidably provided between two adjacent slide bars 88, the pressing block 86 contacts the convex block 89 on the same side, second springs 87 are connected between the lower parts of the left and right sides of the pressing block 86 and the slide bars 88 on the same side, there are four second springs 87, and the second springs 87 are wound around the slide bars 88.

[0121] As Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 14As shown, the converter 80 of the electrolyte conveyor 28 includes a guide frame 96, a moving frame 97, a rotating rod 95, a spur gear 94, a rack 98, and a flow stop block 99. The guide frame 96 is welded to the upper side of the rear part of the mounting frame 16. The moving frame 97 is slidably arranged on the guide frame 96. The rotating rods 95 are rotatably arranged on the left and right sides and rear sides of the liquid guide pipe 24. The flow stop blocks 99 are welded to the lower sides of the two rotating rods 95. The spur gears 94 are arranged on the upper sides of the two rotating rods 95. The rack 98 is arranged on the lower side of the moving frame 97. The rack 98 meshes with the spur gear 94.

[0122] As Figure 1 and Figure 15 As shown, the first base 11 of the electrolyte conveyor 28 includes a third support block 92, a telescopic rod 93, a clamping block 91, and a third spring 90. Two third support blocks 92 are welded to the left and right sides of the mounting frame 16, and four third support blocks 92 are provided. The telescopic rods 93 are arranged on the inner sides of the upper and lower sides of the third support blocks 92, and eight telescopic rods 93 are provided. The clamping blocks 91 are connected between the inner sides of two adjacent telescopic rods 93, and four clamping blocks 91 are provided. The third springs 90 are connected between the upper and lower sides of the clamping blocks 91 and the telescopic rods 93 on the same side, and eight third springs 90 are provided. The third springs 90 are wound around the telescopic rods 93. Manually move the clamping block 91 outward, the telescopic rod 93 is compressed, and the third spring 90 is compressed. Then install the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 on the first base 11. After placing it, release the clamping block 91, so that the third spring 90 resets and drives the clamping block 91 to move inward, stretching the telescopic rod 93, thereby achieving the clamping effect. When the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 needs to be replaced, move the clamping block 91 outward according to the above steps and then take out the empty infusion bottle.

[0123] As Figure 1 — Figure 15As shown, the rotation of the first rotating shaft 65 drives the rotation of the belt 75, thereby causing the second rotating shaft 61 and the guide wheel 74 to rotate, making the worm 60 rotate, and further causing the turbine 63 and the third rotating shaft 76 to rotate, making the stirring frame 59 rotate. At this time, the stirring frame 59 stirs the electrolyte in the rotating cylinder 25 to enable the gas in the electrolyte to be quickly discharged. The rotation of the second rotating shaft 61 drives the rotation of the convex block 89. When the protruding part of the convex block 89 contacts the pressing block 86, the convex block 89 drives the pressing block 86 on the same side to move upward, thereby stretching the second spring 87. When the pressing block 86 moves upward and contacts the second support block 85 on the same side, the pressing block 86 knocks on the second support block 85, causing the second support block 85 and the rotating cylinder 25 to vibrate, strengthening the gas-liquid separation effect. When the protruding part of the convex block 89 moves away from the pressing block 86, the second spring 87 resets and drives the pressing block 86 to move downward and reset. At this time, the right side of the liquid guide pipe 24 is in a closed state, and the left side of the liquid guide pipe 24 is in an open state, enabling the electrolyte in the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 to flow into the rotating cylinder 25 through the liquid guide pipe 24. When there is no electrolyte in the first electrolyte storage bottle 10, manually move the moving frame 97 to the right, causing the rack 98 to move to the right, making the spur gear 94 and the rotating rod 95 rotate, and further causing the flow stop block 99 to rotate. When the moving frame 97 moves to the right to an appropriate distance, stop moving the moving frame 97. At this time, the right side of the liquid guide pipe 24 is in an open state, and the left side of the liquid guide pipe 24 is in a closed state. The electrolyte in the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 flows into the rotating cylinder 25 through the liquid guide pipe 24. At this time, take out the empty first electrolyte storage bottle 10 and place the first electrolyte storage bottle 10 filled with electrolyte on the left side of the mounting frame 16. When there is no electrolyte in the second electrolyte storage bottle 9, move the moving frame 97 to the left according to the above steps. When the moving frame 97 moves to the left to an appropriate position, stop moving the moving frame 97 to the left.

[0124] As Figure 1 and Figure 35As shown, the electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor 28 flows into the injector 36 through the infusion pipe 29. The electrolyte enters the injection pipe 388, passes through the electrolyte inflow hole 318, and converges into the first channel 386, and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the core 243. Start the servo motor 15. The output shaft of the servo motor 15 rotates to drive the first rotating shaft 65 to rotate, and pushes the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 to rotate. Since the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 is in contact with the liquid guide pipe 24 at this time, the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 increases the pressure on the electrolyte in the liquid guide pipe 24. When the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 rotates away from the liquid guide pipe 24, the electrolyte in the liquid guide pipe 24 quickly flows into the rotating cylinder 25. When the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 rotates and contacts the top plate 69, the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 drives the top plate 69 to move upward, so that the piston rod 71 moves upward, and the first spring 72 is compressed. At this time, the piston rod 71 discharges the air flow in the exhaust cylinder 66 through the first one-way valve 21. When the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 rotates away from the top plate 69, the first spring 72 resets and drives the top plate 69 to move downward and reset, so that the piston rod 71 moves downward. At this time, the air pressure in the exhaust cylinder 66 changes, so that the gas above the rotating cylinder 25 flows into the exhaust cylinder 66 through the air guide pipe 72 and the second one-way valve 23. When the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 rotates and contacts the top plate 69 again, the liquid-pushing rotating block 64 drives the top plate 69 to move upward. At this time, the piston rod 71 discharges the gas according to the above steps. During the process of transporting the electrolyte, when the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 is completed, it automatically starts to transport the electrolyte inside the first electrolyte storage bottle 10. After the electrolyte transportation is completed, the servo motor 15 is turned off.

[0125] As Figure 1 and Figure 17 — Figure 25As shown, the battery box air filtration system 32 is composed of a battery box air filter 43, a third one-way valve 147, a fourth one-way valve 148, a battery box intake pipe 31, a plug 30, a socket 8 and a battery box exhaust pipe 34. Connect the valve body air inlet 118 of the fourth one-way valve 148 to the rear end of the second air inlet 166. Connect the filter outlet pipe 42 to the battery box intake pipe 31, connect the battery box intake pipe 31 to the first clean air inlet 123, connect the first clean air inlet 123 to the second air inlet 166, and connect the rear end of the second air inlet 166 to the valve body air inlet 118 of the fourth one-way valve 148 to form a clean air inlet system. Connect the valve body air outlet 114 of the third one-way valve 147 to the rear end of the second air outlet 167, connect the second air outlet 167 to the first air outlet 129, and connect the first air outlet 129 to the battery box exhaust pipe 34 to form a battery box exhaust gas system. Set the battery box exhaust pipe 34 on the plug 30. The battery box air filter 43 is formed by snap-connecting an upper shell 106 and a lower shell 107. A lower shell resonance member 108 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the lower shell 107; both the upper and lower ends of the lower shell 107 are open, and the noise-reducing lower shell resonance member 108 is arranged at the lower open part of the lower shell 107 and is thermally welded to the lower shell 107. There are multiple groups of longitudinal reinforcing ribs 112 on the outer peripheral walls of the upper shell 106 and the lower shell 107 to increase the structural strength. An air guide shell 110 is integrally formed on the lower shell resonance member 108, and a filter intake pipe 109 is integrally formed at the outer end of the air guide shell 110. A filter outlet pipe 42 connected to the inner cavity is arranged on the upper shell 106, the filter outlet pipe 42 is connected to the battery box intake pipe 31, and the battery box intake pipe 31 is connected to the plug 30 on the electric vehicle chassis 2. The lower edge of the side wall of the upper shell 106 bends outward and downward to form a buckle edge, and the upper edge of the side wall of the lower shell 107 bends outward and upward to form a buckle edge; the buckle edge of the lower shell 107 is embedded into the buckle edge of the upper shell 106. The upper shell 106 and the lower shell 107 are connected by screws. A filter element 111 is arranged between the upper shell 106 and the lower shell 107. The filter element 111 includes a box-shaped shell that is open at both the upper and lower ends, and filter paper 103 is arranged inside the shell. To improve the sealing performance, an elastic sealing ring 104 is arranged between the buckle edge of the upper shell 106 and the buckle edge of the lower shell 107. Gas enters the gas flow channel of the air guide shell 110 through the filter intake pipe 109, diffuses into the interior of the lower shell 107, and the air entering the lower shell 107 flows through the filter element 111 and then enters the inner cavity of the upper shell 106. The filter paper 103 in the filter element 111 filters the air. The purified air enters the battery box 5 through the filter outlet pipe 42, the battery box intake pipe 31, the first clean air inlet 123, the second air inlet 166 and the fourth one-way valve 148.During operation of the annular single-cell battery 40, the generated gas is discharged outside the battery box 5 through the third one-way valve 147, the second air outlet 167, the first air outlet 129, and the battery box exhaust pipe 34.

[0126] As Figures 20 - 22 shown, the one-way valve 113 includes a valve body 117, a fourth spring 115, and a spring seat 116. A valve body air inlet 118 is provided at one end of the valve body 117, and a valve body air outlet 114 is provided at the other end. Compressed air enters from the valve body air inlet 118, overcomes the spring force and frictional force to move the spring seat 116 of the one-way valve 113, and the valve port 119 opens. The compressed gas flows from the valve body air inlet 118 to the valve body air outlet 114; when there is no compressed gas at the valve body air inlet 118, under the spring force of the fourth spring 115, the spring seat 116 returns to its original position, the valve port 119 is in the closed state, and the air flow from the valve body air inlet 118 to the valve body air outlet 114 is blocked.

[0127] As Figures 23 - 25 shown, the magnetic plug-and-play dual-action connector system 130 has a plug 30 and a socket 8. The plug 30 is installed on the electric vehicle chassis 2, and the socket 8 is installed on the battery box 5. The plug 30 has a plug housing 138, a plug shock-absorbing rubber ball 137, a first opening 131, a second opening 132, a third opening 133, a fourth opening 144, a fifth opening 135, a sixth opening 136, a floating plug body 141, and a floating plug body front end 146. A first N-pole magnet cone locator 130, a second N-pole magnet cone locator 124, a first high-voltage positive plug-in 125, a first high-voltage negative plug-in 127, a first ground plug-in 126, a first pin array 120, a first cooling liquid inlet 121, a first cooling liquid outlet 128, a first clean air inlet 123, a first air outlet 129, and a first electrolyte inlet 122 are installed on the floating plug body front end 146. The first pin array 120 is arranged as 2 rows of 12 small-current pins. The plug shock-absorbing rubber ball 137 is installed inside the plug housing 138, between the plug housing 138 and the floating plug body 141. The plug shock-absorbing rubber ball 137 is in close contact with the inner wall of the plug housing 138 and the outside of the floating plug body 141, and has an elastic and buffering effect. The first opening 131 is the channel for the connecting pipe of the first clean air inlet 123 and the first air outlet 129 to enter the electric vehicle chassis 2. The second opening 132 is the channel for the wires connecting the first high-voltage positive plug-in 125, the first high-voltage negative plug-in 127, and the first ground plug-in 126 to enter the electric vehicle chassis 2. The third opening 133 is the channel for the connecting wires of the first pin array 120 to enter the electric vehicle chassis 2. The fourth opening 134 is the channel for the first cooling liquid inlet 121 and the first cooling liquid outlet 128 to enter and exit the electric vehicle chassis 2. The fifth opening 135 is the channel for the first electrolyte inlet 122 to enter the electric vehicle chassis 2.

[0128] The socket 8 has a floating socket body 148, a socket housing 149, a seventh opening 150, an eighth opening 151, a ninth opening 152, a tenth opening 153, an eleventh opening 154, a twelfth opening 156, and a socket shock-absorbing rubber ball 157. On the front end 145 of the floating socket body of the floating socket body 148, a first S-pole magnet inverted cone locator 168, a second S-pole magnet inverted cone locator 159, a second high-voltage positive connector 160, a second high-voltage negative connector 163, a second ground connector 161, a second pin base 162, a second cooling liquid inlet 164, a second cooling liquid outlet 165, a second air inlet 166, a second air outlet 167, and a second electrolyte inlet 169 are installed. The second pin base 162 is arranged with 12 small-current jacks in 2 rows. The socket shock-absorbing rubber ball 157 is installed inside the socket housing 149, between the socket housing 149 and the floating socket body 148. The socket shock-absorbing rubber ball 157 is in close contact with the inner wall of the socket housing 149 and the outside of the floating socket body 148 and has an elastic and buffering effect. The seventh opening 150 is the passage for the connecting pipe of the second air inlet 166 to enter the battery box 5. The eighth opening 151 is the passage for the connecting pipe of the second air outlet 167 to enter the battery box 5. The ninth opening 152 is the passage for the wires connecting the second high-voltage positive connector 160, the second high-voltage negative connector 163, and the second ground connector 161 to enter the battery box 5. The tenth opening 153 is the passage for the connecting wire of the second pin base 162 to enter the battery box 5. The eleventh opening 154 is the passage for the second cooling liquid inlet 164 and the second cooling liquid outlet 165 to enter and exit the battery box 5. The twelfth opening 156 is the passage for the second electrolyte inlet 169 to enter and exit the battery box 5.

[0129] As Figure 21 shown, pass the third one-way valve 147 through the seventh opening 150 into the socket housing 149, fix the valve body 117 of the third one-way valve 147 in the seventh opening 150, and connect the valve body air outlet 114 of the third one-way valve 147 to the rear end of the second air outlet 167. Pass the fourth one-way valve 148 through the eighth opening 151 into the socket housing 149, fix the valve body 117 of the fourth one-way valve 148 in the eighth opening 151, and connect the valve body air inlet 118 of the fourth one-way valve 148 to the rear end of the second air inlet 166. Pass the fifth one-way valve 155 through the twelfth opening 156 into the socket housing 149, fix the valve body 117 of the fifth one-way valve 155 in the twelfth opening 156, and connect the liquid inlet 116 of the fifth one-way valve 155 to the rear end of the second electrolyte inlet 169.

[0130] As Figure 1 and Figure 27 — Figure 35As shown, the injector 36 vertically installed on the annular single cell 40 has the following functions: conveying electrolyte, discharging the gas in the annular single cell 40, and preventing the electrolyte in the annular single cell 40 from flowing back to the infusion tube 29. The injector 36 is composed of a threaded connection between the upper housing 181 and the lower housing 186. The top end of the upper housing 181 is provided with a liquid inlet 183, and the bottom end of the lower housing 186 is provided with a liquid outlet 182. Connect the liquid inlet 183 of the injector 36 to the infusion tube 29, and connect the liquid outlet 182 of the injector 36 to the eighth thread 389 of the injection tube 388. The electrolyte enters the injection tube 388, flows through the electrolyte inflow hole 318, converges into the first channel 386, and permeates the electrolyte into each layer of the core 243.

[0131] As Figures 27 - 35As shown, a sealed chamber 203 is provided on the upper housing 181, a sealing body 187 is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber 203, and the inside of the sealing body 187 is a hollow structure. A push rod 199 is connected to the bottom end of the sealing body 187, a sliding chamber 211 is sleeved outside the push rod 199, and a fifth spring 210 is connected inside the sliding chamber 211. The end of the push rod 199 is connected to the fifth spring 210, and the push rod 199 is slidably connected inside the sliding chamber 211. A side ring 212 is provided at the bottom end of the sliding chamber 211. A first filter screen 184 is provided on the outer wall of the sliding chamber 211, and the sliding chamber 211 is snap-connected to the sealed chamber 203 through the first filter screen 184. An inclined surface matching the sealing body 187 is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber 203. The electrolyte in the infusion tube 29 enters the sealed chamber 203, impacts the sealing body 187, changes the distance between the sealing body 187 and the inclined surface on the inner wall of the sealed chamber 203, and thus changes the flow rate of the electrolyte. An exhaust port 206 is provided on the outer side of the upper housing 181. A sealing ring 200 is connected below the sliding chamber 211 on the inner wall of the upper housing 181. A partition is connected between the sealing ring 200 and the upper housing 181, and the partition is connected to the bottom end of the exhaust port 206. A detour chamber 188 is provided between the sealing ring 200 and the upper housing 181. The bottom end 207 of the detour chamber 188 is connected to the inside of the upper housing 181, and the bottom end 207 of the detour chamber 188 is connected to the opening of each exhaust port 206. A water sealing layer 205 is installed on the inner wall of the exhaust port 206. After the gas in the annular single cell 40 is discharged, the gas can accumulate in the detour chamber 188. A rubber ring 201 is provided between the upper housing 181 and the lower housing 186. The rubber ring 201 seals between the upper housing 181 and the lower housing 186 to prevent the leakage of the electrolyte. A first liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 213 is provided at the bottom of the sealing ring 200. The first liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 213 is a conical structure. A second liquid outlet pipe 214 is provided at the conical top of the first liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 213. The second liquid outlet pipe 214 is arranged in a spiral structure. A second liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 215 is provided below the rubber ring 201. The second liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 215 is a conical structure. A third liquid outlet pipe 216 is provided at the conical top of the second liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 215. The third liquid outlet pipe 216 is arranged in a spiral structure. N second liquid collecting and anti-backflow plates 215 are provided between the first liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 213 and the liquid outlet 182 as required.

[0132] As Figure 1 and Figure 26 — Figure 35As shown, under the action of the thrust, the electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor 28 enters the sealed chamber 203, and pushes the seal body 187 towards the inclined surface in the sealed chamber 203. The electrolyte passes through the gap between the seal body 187 and the sealed chamber 203 and enters the first filter screen 184, and then drips onto the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate 213 through the first filter screen 184. The second liquid outlet pipe 214 quickly drips the electrolyte dripping onto the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate 213 onto the second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate 215. The third liquid outlet pipe 216 drips the electrolyte dripping onto the second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate 215 into the liquid injection pipe 388. The gas discharged from the annular single cell 40 passes through 388 and enters below the second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate 215. The gas passes through the third liquid outlet pipe 216 and enters below the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate 213. The gas passes through the second liquid outlet pipe 214 and enters the sealing ring 200, and then enters the exhaust port 206 from the bottom end 207 of the detour chamber 188, and is discharged to the outside of the liquid injector 36. At this time, the electrolyte containing gas will stay at the top of the upper housing 181 and pass through the detour chamber 188 and be discharged from the exhaust port 206. The gas in the electrolyte accumulates in the detour chamber 188, preventing the outside gas from passing through the liquid discharge port 182 and entering the upper housing 181 to contaminate the electrolyte. The electrolyte enters the liquid injection pipe 388 from the liquid discharge port 182, and then passes through the liquid injection holes 383 of the first current collector plate 232 through the liquid injection pipe 388 and converges into the first channel 386, and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the core 295. During the process of transporting the electrolyte, the amount of electrolyte in the electrolyte conveyor 28 will gradually decrease, and the pressure on the liquid injector 36 will also continuously decrease, resulting in a decrease in the flow rate of the electrolyte. However, at this time, the extrusion of the electrolyte on the seal body 187 will also gradually decrease. Under the push of the fifth spring 210, the seal body 187 moves upward, thereby increasing or decreasing the distance between the seal body 187 and the inner wall of the sealed chamber 203, enabling the electrolyte to quickly pass through the sealed chamber 203. While the flow rate of the electrolyte decreases, the cross-sectional area of the electrolyte flow is increased, and the amount of electrolyte that can enter the lower housing 186 within the same time remains within a certain range.

[0133] When the electric vehicle is running, the electrolyte inside the annular single cell 40 is shaken, and part of the electrolyte will flow back along the liquid injection pipe 388 to the bottom of the liquid injector 36. The second liquid collection and backflow prevention plate 215 has a huge blocking effect on the electrolyte splashing upward from the bottom of the liquid injector 36, and the first liquid collection and backflow prevention plate 213 continues to block the residual electrolyte flowing back from the third liquid outlet pipe 216.

[0134] As Figure 35 and Figure 58As shown, the annular single-cell battery cooling system 33 is composed of a radiator 329, an electric heating chamber 342, a water pump 332, and a first liquid total exchanger 313, a liquid exchanger 253, and a second liquid total exchanger 328 inside the battery box 5. A fourth spring washer 252 is provided at the bottom of the heat dissipation tower 220 of the liquid exchanger 253. The annular single-cell battery 40 is rotatably mounted on the heat dissipation tower 220 through a second thread 247 and a first thread 245. When the fourth spring washer 252 is flattened, the fourth spring washer 252 will generate a persistent elastic force, so that the connection between the second thread 247 and the first thread 245 continuously maintains a frictional force, generating a resistance moment, thereby preventing the annular single-cell battery 40 from loosening and preventing the annular single-cell battery 40 from rotating relative to the liquid exchanger 253.

[0135] As Figure 58 shown, an air suction electronic fan 334 is provided at the rear end of the radiator 329, and a heat exchange tube 338 and an electric heating chamber 342 are provided inside the radiator 329. A radiator outlet pipe 330 and a radiator inlet pipe 335 are provided on the radiator 329. The DC brushless water pump 332 is connected to the radiator 329. The battery box outlet pipe 336 is connected to the radiator inlet pipe 335. The heat generated by the battery pack 6 is transferred to the radiator 329 through the coolant, and the radiator 329 then transfers this part of the heat to the atmosphere. The electric heating chamber 342 includes a mounting plate 340, a heating tube 343, an electric heating chamber inlet pipe 341, and an electric heating chamber outlet pipe 339. The electric heating chamber 342 is used for storing water. The heating tube 343 and the electric heating chamber inlet pipe 341 are provided on the mounting plate 340, and the mounting plate 340 is a disc-shaped structure. The heating tube 343 is a U-shaped tube. One end of the heating tube 343 is connected to the mounting plate 340, and the other end extends into the electric heating chamber 342. The radiator outlet pipe 330 is connected to the water pump inlet pipe 331, the water pump outlet pipe 333 is connected to the battery box inlet pipe 337, the battery box inlet pipe 337 is connected to the first cooling liquid inlet 121, the first cooling liquid inlet 121 is connected to the second cooling liquid inlet 164, and the second cooling liquid inlet 164 is connected to the total liquid inlet 314. The radiator inlet pipe 335 is connected to the battery box outlet pipe 336, the battery box outlet pipe 336 is connected to the first cooling liquid outlet 128, the first cooling liquid outlet 128 is connected to the second cooling liquid outlet 165, and the second cooling liquid outlet 165 is connected to the total liquid outlet pipe 310. The coolant is heated in the electric heating chamber 342 and then enters the heat exchange tube 338 through the electric heating chamber inlet pipe 341, and finally enters the total liquid inlet 314 after being pressurized by the water pump 332.

[0136] As Figure 57 — Figure 60As shown, a socket 8, a first total liquid exchanger 313, and a second total liquid exchanger 328 are arranged in the battery box 4; between the first liquid inlet pipe 315 and the Nth liquid inlet pipe 318, N annular grooves 254 are arranged on the cooling bottom plate 256, and the annular grooves 254 are arranged in a staggered manner. A liquid discharging exchanger 253 is arranged on each annular groove 254. A total liquid inlet 314 is arranged on the first total liquid exchanger 313, and a total liquid outlet 323 is arranged on the second total liquid exchanger 328. The total liquid inlet 314 is connected to the total liquid inlet pipe 311, and the total liquid inlet pipe 311 is connected to the socket 8. The total liquid outlet 323 is connected to the total liquid outlet pipe 310, and the total liquid outlet pipe 310 is connected to the socket 8. The first total liquid exchanger 313 includes a total liquid inlet pipe 311, a total liquid inlet 314, a first liquid inlet pipe 315, a second liquid inlet pipe 316, a third liquid inlet pipe 317, and an Nth liquid inlet pipe 318. The second total liquid exchanger 328 includes a total liquid outlet pipe 310, a total liquid outlet 323, a first liquid outlet pipe 324, a second liquid outlet pipe 325, a third liquid outlet pipe 326, and an Nth liquid outlet pipe 327.

[0137] As Figure 35 , Figures 57 - 60 shown, a liquid exchanger 253 is arranged on the cooling bottom plate 256 within the annular groove 254, and a liquid exchange tower 220 is arranged within the liquid exchanger 253. A separator 244 is arranged within the liquid exchange tower 220, and a first thread 245 is arranged outside the liquid exchange tower 220. A first thermal expansion and contraction opening 344 and a second thermal expansion and contraction opening 345 are arranged on the liquid exchanger 253. The liquid exchanger 253, the liquid exchange tower 220, and the separator 244 are made of a non-metallic and non-conductive material. An adhesive is injected into the second adhesive injection point 237 on the cooling bottom plate 256 to adhere the separator 244 to the second adhesive injection point 237. The adhesive is injected into the first adhesive injection point 235 and the third adhesive injection point 257. The liquid exchanger 253 is adhered to the cooling bottom plate 256. Multiple liquid exchangers 253 are installed on the cooling bottom plate 256 by the above method.

[0138] As Figure 35 and Figures 57 - 60As shown, the inner diameter C of the liquid exchanger 253 is greater than the diameter H of the annular single cell 40. The annular single cell 40 is screwed and installed outside the heat dissipation tower 220 and inside the liquid exchanger 253. The heat dissipation tower 220 absorbs the heat generated by the annular single cell 40, and the liquid exchanger 253 absorbs the heat transferred outward by the annular single cell 40. The liquid exchanger 253 wraps the annular single cell 40 360 degrees, causing the heat generated by it to be transferred to the liquid exchanger 253. The annular single cell 40 wraps the heat dissipation tower 220 360 degrees, causing the heat generated by the annular single cell 40 to be transferred to the heat dissipation tower 220. The heat generated by the annular single cell 40 is dissipated through the above two methods, thus ensuring that the temperature of the annular single cell 40 is maintained within the specified range.

[0139] As Figure 56 and Figure 57 shown, an annular groove 254 is provided on the cooling bottom plate 256. The height of the annular groove 254 is A and the diameter is R. The height A of the annular groove 254 is 10% to 50% of the height D of the liquid exchanger 253, and the diameter R of the annular groove 254 is greater than the diameter B of the liquid exchanger 253. The annular groove 254 is composed of a non-metallic and non-conductive material.

[0140] In the first row of liquid exchangers 319, between the first inlet pipe 315 and the first outlet pipe 324, N liquid exchangers 253 are provided. The first total liquid exchanger 313 is connected to the first inlet pipe 315. The first inlet pipe 315 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the first liquid exchanger 253 in the row. The coolant outlet 224 of the first liquid exchanger 253 in the row is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the second liquid exchanger 253 in the row. The coolant outlet 224 of the second liquid exchanger 253 in the row is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 in the row. The coolant outlet 224 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 in the row is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the last liquid exchanger 253 in the row. The coolant outlet 224 of the last liquid exchanger 253 in the row is connected to the first outlet pipe 324, and the first outlet pipe 324 is connected to the second total liquid exchanger 328.

[0141] In the second row of liquid exchangers 320, N liquid exchangers 253 are arranged between the second liquid inlet pipe 316 and the second liquid outlet pipe 325. The first total liquid exchanger 313 is connected to the second liquid inlet pipe 316. The second liquid inlet pipe 316 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the first liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the first liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the second liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the second liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the last liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the last liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the second liquid outlet pipe 325. The second liquid outlet pipe 325 is connected to the second total liquid exchanger 328.

[0142] In the third row of liquid exchangers 321, N liquid exchangers 253 are arranged between the third liquid inlet pipe 317 and the third liquid outlet pipe 326. The first total liquid exchanger 313 is connected to the third liquid inlet pipe 317. The third liquid inlet pipe 317 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the first liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the first liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the second liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the second liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the last liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the last liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the third liquid outlet pipe 326. The third liquid outlet pipe 326 is connected to the second total liquid exchanger 328.

[0143] In the Nth row of liquid exchangers, N liquid exchangers 253 are arranged between the Nth liquid inlet pipe 318 and the Nth liquid outlet pipe 327. The first total liquid exchanger 313 is connected to the Nth liquid inlet pipe 318. The Nth liquid inlet pipe 318 is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the first liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the first liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the second liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the second liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the Nth liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the coolant inlet 225 of the last liquid exchanger 253 in the queue. The coolant outlet 224 of the last liquid exchanger 253 in the queue is connected to the Nth liquid outlet pipe 327. The Nth liquid outlet pipe 327 is connected to the second total liquid exchanger 328.

[0144] The coolant is alcohol-based, glycerol-based, or ethylene glycol-based. When cooling the annular single cell 40 is required, the coolant flows in through the coolant inlet 225, and then is discharged through the plurality of coolant exchange towers 29 and the plurality of liquid exchangers 253 at the coolant outlet 224, thereby taking away the heat generated when the annular single cell 40 operates. In the case where heating the annular single cell 40 is required, the heated liquid flows in through the coolant inlet 225, and then flows through the plurality of heat dissipation towers 220 and the plurality of liquid exchangers 253 at the coolant outlet 224, thereby being able to heat the annular single cell 40 to the required operating temperature.

[0145] As Figures 35 - 38 shown, the annular single cell 40 includes an annular single cell case 258, a first pole column 246, a fifth spring washer 352, and a top cover plate 226. The annular single cell case 258 is a cylindrical structure with one side open. At the opening edge 353 of the bottom 355 of the annular single cell case 258, a boss 354 is provided, and the boss 354 is riveted or welded to the first pole column 246. The annular single cell case 258 is made of metal. A second thread 247 is provided inside the first pole column 246, and a third thread 259 is provided outside the first pole column 246. The fifth spring washer 352 is installed at the bottom of the first pole column 246. A top cover plate 226 is provided on the cell case 258 of the annular single cell 40. A second mounting hole 242 and a third mounting hole 228 are provided on the top cover plate 226, and a first mounting hole 238 is provided in the middle of the top cover plate 226. The diameter of the first mounting hole 238 is larger than the diameter of the heat dissipation tower 220. The top cover plate 226 is passed through the heat dissipation tower 220 and installed on the cell case 258, and the top cover plate 226 is welded to the cell case 258 by welding. A first insulator 231 is provided outside the annular single cell 40, and the first insulator 231 is made of insulating resin. The annular single cell 40 includes a top positive electrode terminal 227, a first negative electrode terminal 236 at the bottom, and a second negative electrode terminal 248 at the bottom. A second nut 241 is provided on the annular single cell 40, and an electrolyte injector 36 is vertically installed on the annular single cell 40 of the annular single cell 40. The electrolyte injector 36 passes through the second mounting hole 242 and is connected to the first current collector plate 232. The positive electrode terminal 227 is installed in the third mounting hole 228. The first tab 360 of the annular single cell 40 is connected to the first current collector plate 232.

[0146] As Figure 35 、 Figure 38 and Figure 41As shown in the figure, a third mounting hole 229 is provided on the first insulator 231. The positive lead 230 passes through the third mounting hole 229 and is connected to the first current collector plate 232. A positive electrode terminal front end 305 is provided on the positive electrode connection terminal 227, and the positive lead 230 is connected to the positive electrode terminal front end 305. The top cover plate 226 contacts the insulating washer 287. The positive electrode connection terminal 227 is composed of a second spring washer 304, an insulating washer 287, and a positive electrode terminal front end 305. The top cover plate 226 contacts the insulating washer 287. A positive connection line 223 is provided between the positive electrode connection terminal 227 and the second nut 241. A connection line front end 300 and a connection line rear end 299 are provided on the connection line 223. A fourth mounting hole 301 of the connection line is provided on the connection line front end 300, and a fifth mounting hole 298 of the connection line is provided on the connection line rear end 299. On the connection line 223, on the part that does not contact the first spring washer 239 and the positive electrode connection terminal 227, a first insulating layer 218 is applied to the front surface and a second insulating layer 219 is applied to the back surface. To avoid short circuit caused by the connection of the connection line 223 to other leads after the electric vehicle 1 collides. A first insulating washer 240 is provided above the second nut 241, and the connection line front end 300 is mounted on the first insulating washer 240. A first spring washer 239 is provided on the connection line front end 300, and a first nut 222 is provided on the first spring washer 239.

[0147] As Figure 39 shown, the first main bus bar 263 has a first lead 264 and a second lead 265, which are used as the total positive electrode lead-out of the series structure of the first main bus bar 263. There is a certain distance between the first main bus bar 263 and the second main bus bar 267, and they extend to both sides in a parallel line state, so as to avoid short circuit caused by too small a spacing. The first lead 264 and the second lead 265 have a certain distance from the second main bus bar 267 and extend to both sides in a parallel line state, so as to avoid short circuit caused by too small a spacing. The number of the first lead 264 and the second lead 265 is not less than the number of the first main bus bar 263. The second main bus bar 267 has a third lead 266 and a fourth lead 268, which are used as the total negative electrode lead-out of the series structure of the second main bus bar 267. The third lead 266 and the fourth lead 268 have a certain interval from the first main bus bar 263 and extend to both sides in a parallel line state, so as to avoid short circuit caused by too small a spacing. The number of the third lead 266 and the fourth lead 268 is not less than the number of the second main bus bar 267.

[0148] As Figure 41As shown, a positive connection line 223 is provided between the positive electrode terminal 227 and the second nut 241. The first mounting hole 301 of the connection line passes through the first thread 245 and is mounted on the first insulating washer 240. The third round hole 275 of the second bus bar 276 passes through the first thread 245 and is connected to the front end 300 of the connection line. The second round hole 272 of the first bus bar 271 passes through the first thread 245 and is connected to the second bus bar 276. A first spring washer 239 is mounted above the second round hole 272. The first nut 222 is rotated and tightened in the direction of the second nut 241 on the first thread 245. The first bus bar 271, the second bus bar 276, the first spring washer 239, and the first insulating washer 240 are fixed on the first thread 245. The first conductive rubber 221 is used to seal between the first nut 222 and the second nut 241. Thus, sparks are prevented from being generated due to minute gaps between the positive connection line 223, the first bus bar 271, and the second bus bar 276, so that the adjacent air is instantly heated, and thus the temperature of the battery box 4 suddenly increases. The first conductive rubber 221 converts the electrical energy generating the sparks into heat energy, which is absorbed by the heat dissipation tower 220.

[0149] As Figure 53 and Figure 54 shown, the bottom electrode connection end 292 is composed of a bottom washer 293 and an upper power connection end 294 connected by welding. A fifth insulating layer 295 is applied to the front surface of the position where the upper power connection end 294 does not contact the second main bus bar 267, and a sixth insulating layer 297 is applied to the back surface of the position where the upper power connection end 294 does not contact the second main bus bar 267. The insulating layer 296 is not applied to the connection position between the upper power connection end 294 and the second main bus bar 267. The upper part of the second main bus bar 267 has a power connection end, and the second main bus bar 267 is electrically connected to the upper power connection end 294 by welding. The bottom washer 293 and the upper power connection end 294 are at a vertical 90°. The bottom washer 293 is along the X-axis direction, and the upper power connection end 294 is along the Y-axis direction. The bottom washer 293 is a flat metal ring that prevents the bottom of the annular single cell 40 from being scratched by the fourth spring washer 252.

[0150] As Figure 51 and Figure 52As shown, the first bus bar 271 includes a first round hole 270 and a second round hole 272 and is composed of a sheet conductor. The diameters of the first round hole 270 and the second round hole 272 are greater than the major diameter of the first thread 245. The second bus bar 276 includes a third round hole 275 and a fourth round hole 277 and is composed of a sheet conductor. The diameters of the third round hole 275 and the fourth round hole 277 are greater than the major diameter of the first thread 245. A plurality of first bus bars 271 are connected to a plurality of second bus bars 276 to form a first main bus bar 263. The first insulating layer 278 is applied to the position on the first bus bar 271 that does not contact the second bus bar 276 and the positive connection line 223. The second insulating layer 274 is applied to the position under the first bus bar 271 that does not contact the second bus bar 276 and the positive connection line 223. The third insulating layer 278 is applied to the position on the second bus bar 276 that does not contact the first bus bar 271 and the positive connection line 223, and the fourth insulating layer 279 is applied to the position under the second bus bar 276 that does not contact the first bus bar 271 and the positive connection line 223.

[0151] As Figure 35 — Figure 48 shown, the positive terminal 227, the first negative electrode terminal 236 and the second negative terminal 248 are all composed of expansion screws 290. The expansion screw 290 includes a bolt body 282 inserted into a sleeve 286, a washer 287, a spring washer 288 and a nut 289. The bolt body 282 includes a bolt head 283, a bolt shank 284 and a bolt tail 285 of a threaded section. The bolt head 283 is conical. The taper of the cone is 1:5. The diameter of the cone above the contact between the bolt head 283 and the bolt shank 284 is greater than the diameter of the bolt shank 284. The diameter of the bolt shank 284 is the same as the major diameter of the bolt tail 285. Four cutting grooves 280 are provided at the end of the sleeve 286 close to the bolt head 283, and one of them is a through cutting groove 281 extending to the other end of the sleeve 286. The inner diameter of the sleeve 286 is the same as the major diameter of the bolt tail 285 and they are in clearance fit with each other. The outer diameter of the sleeve 286 and the inner diameter of the drilling hole for installation are in transition fit. The sleeve 286 is made of an insulating material. The washer 287 is made of an insulating and elastic polymer resin. The bolt body 282 and the nut 289 are made of conductive metal materials.

[0152] As Figure 35 and Figure 41As shown, for the assembly process of the positive electrode terminal 227, the positive electrode terminal 227 is installed in the third mounting hole 228. The third mounting hole 228 is provided on the top cover plate 226, and the expansion screw 290 is pressed into the third mounting hole 228. Since the sleeve 286 has an interference fit with the third mounting hole 228, due to the existence of the through slot 281, the insertion tube 286 will become smaller and tightly adhere to the bolt body 284, making it more difficult for the bolt body 282 to move. The nut 289 is tightened, and the plug 283 is squeezed into the sleeve 286 to make it expand, thereby fixing the expansion screw 290. A second nut 303 and a second spring washer 304 are provided above the positive electrode terminal 227. The second spring washer 304 and the second mounting hole of the connecting wire pass through the bolt tail 285 of the positive electrode terminal 227, and the second nut 303 is rotated on the bolt tail 285 to fasten the second spring washer 304 and the rear end 299 of the connecting wire to the positive electrode terminal 227. The second conductive rubber 302 is used to seal between the nut 289 and the second nut 303 to prevent sparks from being generated due to minute gaps between the positive connecting wire 223, the nut 289 of the positive electrode terminal 227, and the second spring washer 304, which instantaneously heats the nearby air and causes the temperature of the battery box 4 to rise suddenly. The second conductive rubber 302 converts the electrical energy generating the sparks into heat energy.

[0153] As Figure 35 and Figure 43 As shown, for the assembly process of the first negative electrode terminal 236, the second mounting hole 306 of the battery case is provided on the bottom plate 251 of the battery case, and the first negative electrode terminal 236 is installed in the second mounting hole 306 of the battery case. The expansion screw 290 is pressed into the second mounting hole 306 of the battery case. Since the sleeve 286 has an interference fit with the second mounting hole 306 of the battery case, during the installation process, due to the existence of the through slot 281, the sleeve 286 will become smaller, so it tightly adheres to the bolt body 284, making it more difficult for the bolt body 282 to move. The nut 289 is tightened, and the bolt head 283 is squeezed into the sleeve 286 to make it expand, thereby fastening the expansion screw 290. The second tab 362 is connected to the second current collector plate 234, and the second current collector plate 234 is connected to the first negative electrode terminal 236. A second mounting opening 233 is provided on the first insulator 231, and the first negative electrode terminal 236 passes through the second mounting opening 233 and is electrically connected to the second current collector plate 234. After the first negative electrode terminal 236 is connected to the bottom electrode connection end 292, at the connection gap between the spring washer 288 and the bottom electrode connection end 292, the third conductive rubber 307 is used for sealing, so as to avoid sparks occurring in the minute gap between the elastic gasket 288 and the lower electrode connection end 132, thereby rapidly heating the surrounding air and causing the temperature of the battery box 4 to rise sharply. The third conductive rubber 307 converts the electrical energy generating the sparks into heat energy.

[0154] As Figure 35 andFigure 44 As shown, for the assembly process of the second negative electrode terminal 248, a third battery case mounting hole 308 is provided on the bottom 251 of the battery case, and the second negative electrode terminal 248 is installed in the third battery case mounting hole 308. The expansion screw 290 is pressed into the third battery case mounting hole 308. Since the sleeve 286 has an interference fit with the third battery case mounting hole 308, during the installation process, due to the existence of the through slot 281, the sleeve 286 will shrink, thus tightly adhering to the bolt body 284, making it more difficult for the bolt main body 282 to move. The nut 289 is tightened, and the bolt head 283 is squeezed into the sleeve 286 to cause it to expand, thereby fastening the expansion screw 290. The second tab 362 is connected to the second current collector plate 234, and the second current collector plate 234 is connected to the second negative electrode terminal 248. A third mounting opening 249 is provided on the first insulator 231, and the second negative electrode terminal 248 passes through the third mounting opening 249 to be connected to the second current collector plate 234. After the second negative electrode terminal 248 is connected to the bottom electrode connection end 292, the fourth conductive rubber 87 is used to seal the connection gap between the spring washer 288 and the bottom electrode connection end 292, thereby avoiding the generation of sparks in the fine gap between the spring washer 288 and the bottom electrode connection end 292, which would instantaneously heat up the surrounding air and cause the temperature of the battery box 4 to rise sharply. The third conductive rubber 307 converts the electrical energy generating the sparks into heat energy.

[0155] As Figures 61 - 63As shown, the first embodiment of the annular single-cell battery core 356: A first current collector plate 232, a second current collector plate 234, a first sealing ring 357, a second sealing ring 363, and a wound core 243 are provided on the annular single-cell battery core 356. A second terminal post 366 is provided inside the wound core 243. The second terminal post 366 is a circular-ring-shaped hollow structure. A fourth thread 367 is provided inside the second terminal post 366. A fifth thread 368 is provided outside the second terminal post 366. A second insulating material 369 is applied outside the fifth thread 368. A first sealing ring 357 is provided on the first current collector plate 232. A first round hole 346 of the sealing ring, a second round hole 358 of the sealing ring, and a first weld seam 359 of the sealing ring are provided in the first sealing ring 357. There are seven first weld seams 359 of the sealing ring, and their positions correspond to the positions of the first weld seams 384 on the first current collector plate 232. A second sealing ring 363 is provided on the second current collector plate 234. A third round hole 347 of the sealing ring, a second weld seam 364 of the sealing ring are provided in the second sealing ring 363. There are seven second weld seams 364 of the sealing ring. Their positions correspond to the positions of the second weld seams 400 on the second current collector plate 234. Both the first sealing ring 357 and the second sealing ring 363 are made of conductive rubber. Conductive rubber: Conductive rubber evenly distributes conductive particles such as silver-plated glass, silver-plated aluminum, and silver in silicone rubber. By applying pressure, the conductive particles are brought into contact to achieve good electrical conductivity. It is commercially available. Its main functions are sealing and electromagnetic shielding. The product can be molded or extruded, and there are sheet-like or other punched shapes to choose from. The shielding performance is up to 120 dB (10 GHz). It is divided into CONSIL-NC (nickel-plated graphite-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-V (silver-filled silicone rubber extrusion gasket), CONSIL-A (aluminum-plated silver-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-N (nickel-plated silver-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-C (copper-plated silver-filled silicone rubber), SC-CONSIL (graphite-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-R (pure silver-filled silicone rubber), CONSIL-II (silver-filled silicone rubber molded gasket), etc.

[0156] The thicknesses of the first sealing ring 357 and the second sealing ring 363 are 1 - 3 mm. The wound core 243 is heated to 80°C to 120°C, and the heated wound core 243 is installed outside the second terminal post 366 and in place by using a low-temperature assembly method. The wound core 243 is tightly fastened on the fifth thread 368 of the second terminal post 366, and the second terminal post 366 remains at room temperature. The wound core 243 is a wound core without ear tabs.

[0157] As Figure 64 and Figure 65 As shown, the second embodiment of the annular single-cell battery core 356: The first sealing ring 357 is not provided at the lower part of the first current collector plate 232, and the second sealing ring 363 is not provided at the upper part of the second current collector plate 234. Other settings are the same as those of the first embodiment of the annular single-cell battery core 356.

[0158] As shown Figures 66 - 70 in the figure, a first protrusion 385 is provided on the surface of the first current collector plate 232. The first weld seam 384 provided on the first current collector plate 232 forms a multi-lobe shape. A liquid injection hole 383 is provided on the first current collector plate 232, and a sixth thread 392 is provided in the liquid injection hole 383. A first opening 380 is provided at the center of the first current collector plate 232, and the diameter of the first opening 380 is larger than the diameter of the second terminal 366. A downward first curled edge 382 is provided at the first edge 381 of the first current collector plate 232. The first angle 393 between the first current collector plate 232 along the X-axis direction and the first curled edge 382 along the Y-axis direction is between 60° and 90°. The second angle 394 between the first current collector plate 232 along the X-axis direction and the first curled edge 382 along the Y-axis direction is between 60° and 90°. A seventh thread 395 is provided inside the first curled edge 382 of the first current collector plate 232. The seventh thread 395 serves to increase friction after the first current collector plate 232 is installed on the first tab 360. The first weld seam 384 is punched on the first current collector plate 232. There are seven first weld seams 384, and the first weld seams 384 are used to weld with the first tabs 360 provided on the upper part of the core 243. The first current collector plate 232 is made of metal, especially made of aluminum. An electrolyte first flow channel 386 is provided inside the first edge 381 of the first current collector plate 232. The first channel 386 is connected to the liquid injection hole 383 and is used to penetrate the electrolyte to each layer of the core 243 away from the liquid injection hole 383. A liquid injection pipe 388 is installed on the liquid injection hole 383. The liquid injection pipe 388 consists of an eighth thread 389, a first connection point 390, and a ninth thread 391. The liquid injection pipe 388 is made of a non-conductive non-metallic material. Adhesive is applied on the ninth thread 391, and the liquid injection pipe 388 is tightened on the sixth thread 392 of the first current collector plate 232 through the ninth thread 391. Adhesive is applied on the first connection point 390, and the first connection point 390 is used to connect with the second mounting hole 242 of the top cover plate 226.

[0159] As Figure 71 — Figure 73As shown, a second current collector protrusion 401 is provided on the surface of the second current collector plate 234, and a second opening 396 is provided at the center of the second current collector plate 234. The diameter of the second opening 396 is larger than the diameter of the second pole 366. A second curled edge 398 is provided at the second edge 397 of the second current collector plate 234, and the direction of the second curled edge 398 is opposite to the direction of the second current collector protrusion 401. The third included angle 402 between the second current collector plate 234 along the X-axis direction and the second curled edge 398 along the Y-axis direction is between 60° and 90°. The fourth included angle 403 between the second current collector plate 234 along the X-axis direction and the second curled edge 398 along the Y-axis direction is between 60° and 90°. The interior of the second current collector plate 234 has a tenth thread 404, and the tenth thread 404 serves to increase friction after the second current collector plate 234 is installed on the second tab 362.

[0160] A second weld seam 400 is punched and formed on the second current collector plate 234. There are seven second weld seams 400, and the second weld seams 400 are used to weld with the second tabs 362 provided at the lower part of the core 243. The second current collector plate 234 is made of metal, especially made of copper. An electrolyte second flow channel 399 is provided within the second curled edge 398 of the second current collector plate 234. Under the action of gravity, the electrolyte will concentrate at the bottom of the core 243. After the electrolyte second flow channel 399 is filled with the electrolyte, the electrolyte will penetrate into each layer of the core 243 to achieve the purpose of evenly distributing the electrolyte.

[0161] As Figure 74 shown, a lithium battery positive electrode active material slurry is coated on the surface of the aluminum foil 378 to form a positive electrode sheet coating tape 377. The positive electrode sheet coating tape 377 is provided on both sides of the aluminum foil 378, and a first blank base tape 375 with a certain width without coating any substance is reserved. The width of the first blank base tape 375 is 1 - 6 mm to obtain a positive electrode sheet 379. A lithium battery negative electrode active material slurry is coated on the surface of the copper foil 371 to form a negative electrode sheet coating tape 373. The negative electrode sheet coating tape 373 is provided on both sides of the copper foil 371, and a second blank base tape 376 with a certain width without coating any substance is reserved. The width of the second blank base tape 376 is 1 - 6 mm to obtain a negative electrode sheet 372. The first separator 370, the negative electrode sheet 372, the second separator 374, and the positive electrode sheet 379 are stacked in sequence. After these four are stacked, they are wound around the second pole 366 to form a core 243. The first blank base tape 375 of the positive electrode sheet and the second blank base tape 376 of the negative electrode sheet face the two ends of the core 243 respectively, and the second separator 374 completely covers the positive electrode sheet coating tape 377 and the negative electrode sheet coating tape 373.

[0162] The specific steps of the preparation method of the annular single battery 40 are as follows:

[0163] Assembly process of the annular single cell 40. After riveting the first pole column 246 to the annular single cell case 258.

[0164] Step 1: Pre-flatten and then flatten the wound core 243 to obtain the core 243 with the first pole tab 360 and the second pole tab 362. The flattening machine is a conventional device for battery production.

[0165] Step 2: Heat the core 243 to 80°C - 120°C and use the low-temperature assembly method to install the core 243 outside the second pole column 366 and in place (the assembly schematic diagram is as Figure 63 shown).

[0166] Step 3: Clean the first current collector plate 232 and the second current collector plate 234.

[0167] Step 4: Place the first sealing ring 357 on the first pole tab 360.

[0168] Step 5: Heat the first current collector plate 232 to 150°C - 160°C and use the low-temperature assembly method to place the first current collector plate 232 on the first sealing ring 357 and in place (the assembly schematic diagram is as Figure 62 and Figure 63 shown). Use the laser welding method to laser-weld the first current collector plate 232 and the first pole tab 360. The welding area is welded into a straight line shape. The number of the first weld seams 384 is six, and the weld width of the first weld seam 384 is 0.2 mm.

[0169] Step 6: Flip the prepared core 243 by 180 degrees.

[0170] Step 7: Place the second sealing ring 363 on the second pole tab 362.

[0171] Step 8: Heat the second current collector plate 234 to 150°C - 160°C and use the low-temperature assembly method to place the second current collector plate 234 on the second sealing ring 363 and in place (the assembly schematic diagram is as Figure 62 and Figure 63 shown). Use the laser welding method to laser-weld the second current collector plate 234 and the second pole tab 362. The welding area is welded into a straight line shape. The number of the second weld seams 400 is seven, and the weld width of the second weld seam 400 is 0.2 mm.

[0172] Step 9: Nondestructive flaw detection to check the weld quality (the technical standards are implemented in accordance with ASTME - 1417 and HDSPM - 202 / 204).

[0173] Step 10: Tighten the second pole of the annular single-cell battery core 356 onto the first pole 246 inside the annular single-cell battery case 258, making it in close contact with the fifth spring washer 352 and installed in place;

[0174] Step 11: Install the liquid injection tube 388 on the liquid injection hole 383;

[0175] Step 12: Install the positive electrode terminal 227 in the third mounting hole 228 of the top cover plate 226;

[0176] Step 13: Weld the positive lead 230 to the first current collector plate 232;

[0177] Step 14: Cover the top cover plate 226 on the battery case 258 and press it tightly;

[0178] Step 15: Perform laser circumferential welding on the top cover plate 226 and the battery case 258;

[0179] Step 16: Tighten the liquid injector 36 onto the liquid injection tube 388.

[0180] Step 17: After exhausting, seal the whole liquid injector 36, and the sealing film is made of plastic.

[0181] As Figure 75 — Figure 78 shown, the container energy storage system 409 is the second embodiment of the electric vehicle endurance system composed of the battery formation and liquid injection, ventilation, and cooling systems: The electric vehicle endurance guarantee system 3 composed of the battery formation and liquid injection system 35, the battery box air filtration system 32, and the annular single-cell battery cooling system 33 is arranged inside the container energy storage system 409. The container energy storage system 409 includes a container body 410 and a second battery box 418. The container body 410 is a metal box structure. A first battery compartment 411 and a second battery compartment 415 are arranged on both sides of the container body 410, and a control compartment 413 is arranged in the middle position. A first partition wall 412 is arranged between the first battery compartment 411 and the control compartment 413. A second partition wall 414 is arranged between the control compartment 413 and the second battery compartment 41.

[0182] The control compartment 413 is equipped with a battery management system BMS, an energy management system EMS, a fire protection system, and a power conversion system PCS for energy storage. The battery management system BMS, the energy management system EMS, the fire protection system, and the power conversion system PCS for energy storage are arranged in two rows, horizontally and vertically, in the control compartment.

[0183] A plurality of second battery boxes 418 are arranged in the first battery compartment 411 and the second battery compartment 415 of the container body 410. The second battery boxes 418 are divided into two rows, and an in-container corridor air duct 416 is left between the two rows of second battery boxes 418. The second battery boxes 418 are arranged left and right in the first battery compartment 411 and the second battery compartment 415 in the container. The in-container corridor air duct 416 between the two rows of second battery boxes 418 serves as a maintenance and installation passage. The maintenance and installation passage can also be used for the installation of the control and AC output system, facilitating wiring.

[0184] As shown in 78, the second battery box 418 is placed in the drawer-type frame 417. Inside the front side of the drawer-type frame 417, the second battery boxes 418 are arranged in a stacked manner, and the second battery boxes 418 are arranged in the drawer-type frame 417 from top to bottom. A plurality of drawer-type frames 417 are arranged in the first battery compartment 411 and the second battery compartment 415. In each battery pack 6 inside the second battery box 418, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each annular single battery 40 are respectively connected to the battery management unit 419. The battery management unit 419 collects the voltage and internal resistance data of the annular single battery 40. The battery management units 419 of all the battery packs 6 in the same second battery box 418 are connected to the battery management system 420. The battery management system 420 of the second battery box 418 is connected to the energy management system 421.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation, liquid injection, air exchange, and cooling system, characterized in that: A battery box 4 is provided on an electric vehicle chassis 2. An upper cover 5 is installed on a lower cover 7. An annular groove 254 of an annular single-cell battery cooling system 33 is provided on the lower cover 7. A liquid exchanger 253 is provided on a cooling bottom plate 256 within the annular groove 254. A liquid exchange tower 220 is provided within the liquid exchanger 253. A separator 244 is provided within the liquid exchange tower 220. A first thread 245 is provided outside the liquid exchange tower 220. A first thermal expansion and contraction opening 344 and a second thermal expansion and contraction opening 345 are provided on the liquid exchanger 253. The inner diameter C of the liquid exchanger 253 is greater than the diameter H of the annular single-cell battery 40. The annular single-cell battery 40 is installed outside the liquid exchange tower 220 and within the liquid exchanger 253. A first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 is provided on the front row of annular single-cell batteries 40 within the battery box 5. A second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 is provided on the annular single-cell batteries 40 in the middle of the battery box 5. A third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 is provided on the annular single-cell batteries 40 at the rearmost end of the battery box. A liquid injector 36 of a battery formation and liquid injection system 35 is provided on a liquid injection pipe 388 of the annular single-cell battery 40. The liquid injector 36 is composed of a threaded connection between an upper housing 181 and a lower housing 186. A liquid inlet 183 is provided at the top end of the upper housing 181. A liquid outlet 182 is provided at the bottom end of the lower housing 186. The liquid inlet 183 of the liquid injector 36 is connected to an electrolyte delivery pipe 32. The liquid outlet 182 of the liquid injector 36 is connected to a second thread 389 of the liquid injection pipe 388. The electrolyte enters the liquid injection pipe 388, passes through an electrolyte inflow hole 318, and converges into a first channel 386, and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the winding core 243. The gas generated when the annular single-cell battery 40 operates enters the battery box 5 through an exhaust port 206, and then is discharged outside the battery box 5 through the connection of a third one-way valve 147, a second air outlet 167, a first air outlet 129 of a battery box air filtration system 32 and a battery box exhaust pipe 34. The air purified by a battery box air filter 43 of the battery box air filtration system 32 enters the battery box 5 through a filter outlet pipe 42, a battery box inlet pipe 31, a first clean air inlet 123, a second air inlet 166 and a fourth one-way valve 148.

2. The electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation liquid injection, air exchange and cooling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: A battery formation and liquid injection system 35, a battery box air filtration system 32 and an annular single-cell battery cooling system 33 provided on an electric vehicle 1 constitute an electric vehicle endurance guarantee system 3. When using the electric vehicle 1, the high temperature generated when the annular single-cell battery 40 operates is reduced by the annular single-cell battery cooling system 33 for the temperature of the annular single-cell battery 40. The gas generated when the annular single-cell battery 40 operates is responsible for discharge and replenishment by the battery box air filtration system 32. The electrolyte lost when the annular single-cell battery 40 operates is replenished by the battery formation and liquid injection system 35. The battery formation and liquid injection system 35 is composed of an electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45, an electrolyte conveyor 28, a liquid delivery pipe 32, a liquid injector 36, an annular single cell 40, a first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, a second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and a third non-contact liquid level sensor 39. The electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45 is simultaneously connected to the servo motor 15 of the electrolyte conveyor 28, the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39. The electrolyte conveyor 28 is connected to an electrolyte delivery pipe 29. The electrolyte delivery pipe 29 is connected to the liquid injector 36. The liquid injector 36 is connected to the annular single cell 40. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 and the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 are connected to a programmable controller. The liquid injector 36 vertically installed on the annular single cell 40 has the following functions: conveying electrolyte, discharging the gas in the annular single cell 40, and preventing the electrolyte in the annular single cell 40 from flowing back to the electrolyte delivery pipe 32. The liquid injector 36 is composed of a connection through threads between an upper housing 181 and a lower housing 186. An inlet port 183 is opened at the top end of the upper housing 181, and a drain port 182 is opened at the bottom end of the lower housing 186. Connect the inlet port 183 of the liquid injector 36 to the electrolyte delivery pipe 32. The outlet port 182 of the liquid injector 36 is connected to the second thread 389 of the liquid injection pipe 388. The electrolyte enters the liquid injection pipe 388, passes through the electrolyte inflow hole 318, and converges into the first channel 386, and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the core 243. The battery box air filtration system 32 is composed of a battery box air filter 43, a third one-way valve 147, a fourth one-way valve 148, a battery box intake pipe 31, a plug 30, a socket 8, and a battery box exhaust pipe 34. Connect the intake port 118 of the fourth one-way valve 148 to the rear end of the second air inlet 166. Connect the outlet pipe 42 to the battery box intake pipe 31. The battery box intake pipe 31 is connected to the first clean air inlet 123. The first clean air inlet 123 is connected to the second air inlet 166. The rear end of the second air inlet 166 is connected to the intake port 118 of the fourth one-way valve 148 to form a clean air inlet system. Connect the outlet port 114 of the third one-way valve 147 to the rear end of the second air outlet 167. Connect the second air outlet 167 to the first air outlet 129. Connect the first air outlet 129 to the battery box exhaust pipe 34 to form a battery box exhaust gas system.

3. A range-extending system for an electric vehicle consisting of a battery formation, filling, gas exchange, and cooling system, characterized in that: A battery box 4 is provided on an electric vehicle chassis 2. A battery pack 6 is installed on a lower cover 7 inside the battery box 4. The battery pack 6 is composed of a plurality of annular single cells 40. An upper cover 5 is installed on the lower cover 7. A battery formation and filling system 35 provided on the electric vehicle chassis 2 is connected and composed of an electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45, an electrolyte conveyor 28, an infusion pipe 29, an injector 36, the annular single cells 40, a first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, a second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and a third non-contact liquid level sensor 39. The electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45 is simultaneously connected to a servo motor 15 of the electrolyte conveyor 28, the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39. The electrolyte conveyor 28 is connected to an electrolyte delivery pipe 29. The electrolyte delivery pipe 29 is connected to the injector 36. The injector 36 is connected to the annular single cells 40. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 and the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 are connected to a programmable controller. An injector 36 is provided on the liquid injection pipe 388 of the annular single cell 40 in the battery box 5. The liquid outlet 182 of the injector 36 is connected to the eighth thread 389 of the liquid injection pipe 388. A first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 is provided on the frontmost row of annular single cells 40 in the battery box 5. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37 is arranged at the highest liquid level of the first row of annular single cells 40 and is used to detect whether the liquid level of the first row of annular single cells 40 rises to its highest liquid level. When it detects that the liquid level of the first row of annular single cells 40 rises to its highest liquid level, it sends a first trigger signal to the programmable controller 48. A second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 is provided on the annular single cells 40 in the middle of the battery box 5. The second non-contact liquid level sensor 38 is arranged at the lowest liquid level of the annular single cells 40 in the middle and is used to detect whether the liquid level of the annular single cells 40 in the middle drops to its lowest liquid level. When it detects that the liquid level of the annular single cells 40 in the middle drops to its lowest liquid level, it sends a second trigger signal to the programmable controller 48. A third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 is provided on the annular single cells 40 at the rearmost end of the battery box 5. The third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 is arranged at the highest liquid level of the annular single cells 40 at the rearmost end and is used to detect whether the liquid level of the annular single cells 40 at the rearmost end rises to its highest liquid level. When it detects that the liquid level of the annular single cells 40 at the rearmost end rises to its highest liquid level, it sends a third trigger signal to the programmable controller 48. When the programmable controller 48 receives the first trigger signal and the third trigger signal, it shuts down the servo motor 15. When it receives the second trigger signal, the electrolyte conveyor 28 starts to work and conveys the electrolyte in the second electrolyte storage bottle 9 to the injector 36. The liquid level in the injector 36 is automatically maintained between the highest liquid level and the lowest liquid level to ensure that electrolyte is provided to each annular single cell 40. N first non-contact liquid level sensors 37, second non-contact liquid level sensors 38 and third non-contact liquid level sensors 39 are also provided on the annular single cells 40 in the battery box as required.

4. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation, filling, air change and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A servo motor 15 is installed on the electrolyte conveyor 28. The electrolyte conveyor 28 is connected to the electrolyte delivery pipe 29. The electrolyte automatic replenishment control system 45 includes a programmable logic controller 48, a servo motor 15, a first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, a second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, a third non-contact liquid level sensor 39, a liquid level indicator light 44, a programmer 46, and an I / O expansion unit 51. Other peripherals 52 and an alarm indicator light 57 are connected to the programmable logic controller 48. A peripheral interface 47, a memory 49, an I / O expansion interface 50, an input module 54, a power supply module 55, and an output module 56 are connected to a microprocessor 53. The programmer 46 and the peripheral interface 47 are connected to the other peripherals 52. The I / O expansion interface 50 is connected to the I / O expansion unit 51. The servo motor 15 and the alarm indicator light 57 are connected to the output module 56. The liquid level indicator light 44, the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 are connected to the input module 54. The programmer 46 programs the program of the programmable logic controller 48 according to different control requirements. The memory 49 is used to store user programs, system programs, and other data. The I / O expansion interface 50 is connected to the I / O expansion unit 51 to expand input and output devices. The input module 54 is used to receive the first trigger signal, the second trigger signal, and the third trigger signal sent by the first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39, and forward the received signals to the microprocessor 53. The first non-contact liquid level sensor 37, the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38, and the third non-contact liquid level sensor 39 are separate optoelectronic liquid level sensors or capacitive liquid level sensors. The microprocessor 53 will perform corresponding control only after receiving the corresponding trigger signal to ensure the normal operation of the entire system. The output module 56 is connected to the servo motor 15. The microprocessor 53 is connected to the servo motor 15 through the output module 56. When the microprocessor 53 performs corresponding control according to relevant trigger signals, it sends corresponding control signals to the servo motor 15 through the output module 56 to control the opening or closing of the servo motor 15. The power supply module 55 is used to provide the working voltage required for the input module 54, the output module 56, and the microprocessor 53. The liquid level indicator light 44 is used to indicate the liquid level and issue a light signal alarm. The programmable logic controller 48 can detect the signal of the liquid level indicator light 44 and, when detecting the signal of the liquid level indicator light 44, control the alarm indicator light 57 to issue an alarm signal to prompt the driver of the liquid level state at the lowest liquid level of the annular single cell 40 in the middle of the battery box 5 corresponding to the second non-contact liquid level sensor 38.

5. The electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation liquid injection, air exchange and cooling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: The injector 36 vertically installed on the annular single cell 40 has the following functions: conveying electrolyte, discharging gas in the annular single cell 40, preventing the electrolyte in the annular single cell 40 from flowing back to the infusion tube 29. The injector 36 is composed of a threaded connection between the upper housing 181 and the lower housing 186. The top end of the upper housing 181 is provided with a liquid inlet 183, and the bottom end of the lower housing 186 is provided with a liquid outlet 182. Connect the liquid inlet 183 of the injector 36 to the infusion tube 29, and connect the liquid outlet 182 of the injector 36 to the eighth thread 389 of the injection tube 388. The electrolyte enters the injection tube 388, passes through the electrolyte inflow hole 318, and converges into the first channel 386, and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the core 243.

6. A range extender system for an electric vehicle consisting of a battery formation, filling, gas exchange, and cooling system, characterized in that: The annular single cell cooling system 33 is composed of a radiator 329, an electrothermal chamber 342, a water pump 332 and a first liquid total exchanger 313, a liquid exchanger 253, and a second liquid total exchanger 328 in the battery box 5. A fourth spring washer 252 is provided at the bottom of the heat dissipation tower 220 of the liquid exchanger 253. The annular single cell 40 is rotationally installed on the heat dissipation tower 220 through the second thread 247 and the first thread 245. When the fourth spring washer 252 is flattened, the fourth spring washer 252 will generate a persistent elastic force, so that the connection between the second thread 247 and the first thread 245 continuously maintains a frictional force, generating a resistance moment, thereby preventing the annular single cell 40 from loosening and preventing the annular single cell 40 from rotating relative to the liquid exchanger 253. An air suction type electric fan 334 is arranged at the rear end of the radiator 329. A heat exchange tube 338 and an electric heating chamber 342 are arranged in the radiator 329. A radiator outlet water pipe 330 and a radiator inlet water pipe 335 are arranged on the radiator 329. A DC brushless water pump 332 is connected to the radiator 329. A battery box outlet water pipe 336 is connected to the radiator inlet water pipe 335. The heat generated by the battery pack 6 is transferred to the radiator 329 through the coolant, and then the radiator 329 transfers this part of the heat to the atmosphere. The electric heating chamber 342 includes a mounting plate 340, a heating pipe 343, an electric heating chamber inlet water pipe 341, and an electric heating chamber outlet water pipe 339. The electric heating chamber 342 is used for storing water. The heating pipe 343 and the electric heating chamber inlet water pipe 341 are arranged on the mounting plate 340. The mounting plate 340 is a disc-shaped structure. The heating pipe 343 is a U-shaped pipe. One end of the heating pipe 343 is connected to the mounting plate 340, and the other end extends into the electric heating chamber 342. The radiator outlet water pipe 330 is connected to the water pump inlet pipe 331. The water pump outlet pipe 333 is connected to the battery box inlet water pipe 337. The battery box inlet water pipe 337 is connected to the first cooling liquid inlet 121. The first cooling liquid inlet 121 is connected to the second cooling liquid inlet 164. The second cooling liquid inlet 164 is connected to the total liquid inlet 314. The radiator inlet water pipe 335 is connected to the battery box outlet water pipe 336. The battery box outlet water pipe 336 is connected to the first cooling liquid outlet 128. The first cooling liquid outlet 128 is connected to the second cooling liquid outlet 165. The second cooling liquid outlet 165 is connected to the total liquid outlet pipe 310. The coolant is heated in the electric heating chamber 342 and then enters the heat exchange tube 338 through the electric heating chamber inlet water pipe 341, and finally enters the total liquid inlet 314 after being pressurized by the water pump 332. A socket 8, a first liquid total exchanger 313, and a second liquid total exchanger 328 are arranged in the battery box 4. Between the first liquid inlet pipe 315 and the Nth liquid inlet pipe 318, N annular grooves 254 are arranged on the cooling bottom plate 256. The annular grooves 254 are arranged in a staggered arrangement. A liquid discharge exchanger 253 is arranged on each annular groove 254. A total liquid inlet 314 is arranged on the first liquid total exchanger 313. A total liquid outlet 323 is arranged on the second liquid total exchanger 328. The total liquid inlet 314 is connected to the total liquid inlet pipe 311. The total liquid inlet pipe 311 is connected to the socket 8. The total liquid outlet 323 is connected to the total liquid outlet pipe 310. The total liquid outlet pipe 310 is connected to the socket 8. The first liquid total exchanger 313 includes a total liquid inlet pipe 311, a total liquid inlet 314, a first liquid inlet pipe 315, a second liquid inlet pipe 316, a third liquid inlet pipe 317, and an Nth liquid inlet pipe 318. The second liquid total exchanger 328 includes a total liquid outlet pipe 310, a total liquid outlet 323, a first liquid outlet pipe 324, a second liquid outlet pipe 325, a third liquid outlet pipe 326, and an Nth liquid outlet pipe 327.

7. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of a battery formation liquid injection, gas exchange, and cooling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annular single-cell battery cooling system 33 is composed of a radiator 329, an electrothermal chamber 342, a water pump 332, and a first liquid total exchanger 313, a liquid exchanger 253, and a second liquid total exchanger 328 within the battery box 5. A fourth spring washer 252 is provided at the bottom of the heat dissipation tower 220 of the liquid exchanger 253. The annular single-cell battery 40 is rotatably mounted on the heat dissipation tower 220 through a second thread 247 and a first thread 245. When the fourth spring washer 252 is flattened, the fourth spring washer 252 generates a persistent elastic force, causing the connection between the second thread 247 and the first thread 245 to continuously maintain a frictional force and generate a resistance moment, thereby preventing the annular single-cell battery 40 from loosening and preventing the annular single-cell battery 40 from rotating relative to the liquid exchanger 253. The liquid injector 36 vertically mounted on the annular single-cell battery 40 has the following functions: conveying electrolyte, discharging gas in the annular single-cell battery 40, and preventing the electrolyte in the annular single-cell battery 40 from flowing back to the electrolyte conveying pipe 32. The liquid injector 36 is composed of a threaded connection between an upper housing 181 and a lower housing 186. An inlet port 183 is provided at the top end of the upper housing 181, and a drain port 182 is provided at the bottom end of the lower housing 186. The inlet port 183 of the liquid injector 36 is connected to the electrolyte conveying pipe 32, and the outlet port 182 of the liquid injector 36 is connected to the second thread 389 of the liquid injection pipe 388. The electrolyte enters the liquid injection pipe 388, passes through the electrolyte inflow hole 318, and converges into the first channel 386, and the electrolyte penetrates into each layer of the winding core 243.

8. An electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation liquid injection, air exchange, and cooling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealed chamber 203 is provided on the upper housing 181. A sealing body 187 is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber 203. The interior of the sealing body 187 is a hollow structure. A push rod 199 is connected to the bottom end of the sealing body 187. A sliding cavity 211 is sleeved outside the push rod 199. A fifth spring 210 is connected inside the sliding cavity 211. The end of the push rod 199 is connected to the fifth spring 210. The push rod 199 is slidably connected inside the sliding cavity 211. An edge ring 212 is provided at the bottom end of the sliding cavity 211. A first filter screen 184 is provided on the outer wall of the sliding cavity 211. The sliding cavity 211 is snap-connected to the sealed chamber 203 through the first filter screen 184. An inclined surface matching the sealing body 187 is provided on the inner wall of the sealed chamber 203. The electrolyte in the infusion tube 29 enters the sealed chamber 203, impacts the sealing body 187, changes the distance between the sealing body 187 and the inclined surface on the inner wall of the sealed chamber 203, thereby changing the flow rate of the electrolyte. An exhaust port 206 is provided on the outer side of the upper housing 181. A sealing ring 200 is connected below the sliding cavity 211 on the inner wall of the upper housing 181. A partition is connected between the sealing ring 200 and the upper housing 181, and the partition is connected to the bottom end of the exhaust port 206. A detour cavity 188 is provided between the sealing ring 200 and the upper housing 181. The bottom end 207 of the detour cavity 188 is connected to the interior of the upper housing 181. The bottom end 207 of the detour cavity 188 is connected to the opening of each exhaust port 206. A water sealing layer 205 is installed on the inner wall of the exhaust port 206. After the gas in the annular single cell 40 is discharged, the gas can accumulate in the detour cavity 188. A rubber ring 201 is provided between the upper housing 181 and the lower housing 186. The rubber ring 201 seals between the upper housing 181 and the lower housing 186 to prevent the leakage of the electrolyte. A first liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 213 is provided at the bottom of the sealing ring 200. The first liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 213 is a conical structure. A second liquid outlet pipe 214 is provided at the conical top of the first liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 213. The second liquid outlet pipe 214 is arranged in a spiral structure. A second liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 215 is provided below the rubber ring 201. The second liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 215 is a conical structure. A third liquid outlet pipe 216 is provided at the conical top of the second liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 215. The third liquid outlet pipe 216 is arranged in a spiral structure. N second liquid collecting and anti-backflow plates 215 are provided between the first liquid collecting and anti-backflow plate 213 and the liquid outlet 182 as required.

9. The electric vehicle endurance system composed of battery formation, liquid injection, air exchange and cooling systems according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first current collector plate 232, a second current collector plate 234, a first sealing ring 357, a second sealing ring 363 and a wound core 243 are arranged on the annular single-cell battery core 356. A second pole column 366 is arranged inside the wound core 243. The second pole column 366 is of a circular ring-shaped hollow structure. A fourth thread 367 is arranged inside the second pole column 366. A fifth thread 368 is arranged outside the second pole column 366. A second insulating material 369 is applied outside the fifth thread 368. The first sealing ring 357 is arranged on the first current collector plate 232. A first round hole 346 of the sealing ring, a second round hole 358 of the sealing ring and a first weld seam 359 of the sealing ring are arranged in the first sealing ring 357. The number of the first weld seams 359 of the sealing ring is seven, and their positions correspond to the positions of the first weld seams 384 on the first current collector plate 232. The second sealing ring 363 is arranged on the second current collector plate 234. A third round hole 347 of the sealing ring and a second weld seam 364 of the sealing ring are arranged in the second sealing ring 363. The number of the second weld seams 364 of the sealing ring is seven, and their positions correspond to the positions of the second weld seams 400 on the second current collector plate 234. Both the first sealing ring 357 and the second sealing ring 363 are made of conductive rubber, and the thicknesses of the first sealing ring 357 and the second sealing ring 363 are 1-3 mm.

10. A range extender system for an electric vehicle, comprising a battery formation, filling, gas exchange, and cooling system, characterized in that: The specific steps of the preparation method of the annular single-cell battery 40 are as follows: For the assembly process of the annular single-cell battery 40, after riveting the first pole column 246 and the annular single-cell battery case 258, Step 1: The wound core 243 after winding is pre-flattened and flattened to obtain a wound core 243 with a first pole tab 360 and a second pole tab 362. The flattening machine is a conventional device for battery production; Step 2: The wound core 243 is heated to 80°C to 120°C, and the wound core 243 is installed outside the second pole column 366 by the low-temperature assembly method and installed in place (the assembly schematic diagram is shown in Figure 63); Step 3: The first current collector plate 232 and the second current collector plate 234 are cleaned; Step 4: The first sealing ring 357 is placed on the first pole tab 360; Step 5: The first current collector plate 232 is heated to 150°C to 160°C, and the first current collector plate 232 is placed on the first sealing ring 357 by the low-temperature assembly method and installed in place (the assembly schematic diagrams are shown in Figures 62 and 63). The first current collector plate 232 and the first pole tab 360 are laser welded. The welding area is welded into a straight line shape. The number of the first weld seams 384 is six, and the weld width of the first weld seams 384 is 0.2 mm; Step 6: The wound core 243 prepared above is turned 180 degrees; Step 7: The second sealing ring 363 is placed on the second pole tab 362; Step 8: Heat the second current collector plate 234 to 150°C to 160°C, and place the second current collector plate 234 on top of the second sealing ring 363 using the low-temperature assembly method and install it in place (the assembly schematic diagram is shown in Figures 62 and 63). Use laser welding to laser-weld the second current collector plate 234 and the second tab 362 together. The welding area is welded into a straight line shape. The number of the second weld seams 397 is 7, and the weld width of the second weld seams 397 is 0.2 mm; Step 9: Nondestructive testing is performed to check the weld quality (the technical standards are implemented in accordance with ASTM E-1417 and HDSPM-202 / 204); Step 10: Tighten the second pole column 366 of the annular single-cell battery core 356 on the first pole column 246 inside the annular single-cell battery case 258, and make it in close contact with the fifth spring washer 352 and install it in place; Step 11: Install the liquid injection tube 388 on the liquid injection hole 383; Step 12: Install the positive electrode terminal 227 in the third mounting hole 228 of the top cover plate 226; Step 13: Weld the positive lead 230 to the first current collector plate 232; Step 14: Cover the top cover plate 226 on the battery case 258 and press it tightly; Step 15: Perform laser circumferential welding on the top cover plate 226 and the battery case 258; Step 16: Tighten the liquid injector 36 on the liquid injection tube 388; Step 17: After exhausting, the whole liquid injector 36 is sealed, and the sealing film is made of plastic.

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