TE10-TM01 waveguide mode conversion structure and microwave device

Abstract

The invention discloses a TE10-TM01 waveguide mode conversion structure and a microwave device, which are applied to the technical field of radial power synthesis, and are characterized in that a central circular waveguide comprises a peripheral part arranged along the circumferential direction, and a first surface and a second surface which are oppositely arranged along the axial direction; the input waveguide and the input waveguide resonant cavity are positioned on the outer peripheral part and are communicated with the central circular waveguide; the input waveguides and the input waveguide resonant cavities are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide; the output waveguide resonant cavity is positioned on the first surface and is communicated with the central circular waveguide; and the output waveguide is positioned on the second surface and is communicated with the central circular waveguide. The input waveguides and the input waveguide resonant cavities are distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide so as to realize a uniform TM resonant mode; and a TE10 mode can be converted into a circular waveguide mode by combining with the central circular waveguide, and a TE11 mode can be cut off through the output waveguide, so that the output of a TM01 mode signal is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radial power combining, and particularly to a TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure, which is a microwave device. Background Art

[0002] Due to its unique axisymmetric structure, radial power combining technology ensures that all combining paths are located on the same phase plane, naturally maintaining phase consistency across channels, and when using additional combining paths, the transmission path length remains unchanged, thereby minimizing insertion loss. These characteristics have made radial power combining technology a research hotspot in the field of power combining in recent years. In radial power combining technology, the most important is the design of the mode conversion structure, which converts the standard rectangular waveguide TE 10 mode into a working mode suitable for radial power combining, such as TE 01 , TM 01 and TE 11 modes for circular waveguides, as well as the TEM mode for coaxial cables. However, the current mode conversion structures have disadvantages such as complex design and difficult processing, which will cause large insertion losses and performance errors in high-frequency bands. Therefore, how to provide a mode conversion structure with a simple structure is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure that can achieve the conversion from TE 10 waveguide mode to TM 01 waveguide mode through a simple structure; another object of the present invention is to provide a microwave device that can achieve the conversion from TE 10 waveguide mode to TM 01 waveguide mode through a simple structure.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure, including:

[0005] A central circular waveguide; the central circular waveguide includes an outer peripheral portion arranged in the circumferential direction, and a first surface and a second surface oppositely arranged in the axial direction;

[0006] An input waveguide and an input waveguide resonator located at the outer peripheral portion and communicating with the central circular waveguide; the input waveguide is used for transmitting TE 10A mode signal, the structure of the input waveguide resonator corresponding to the input waveguide to reflect the signal; the input waveguide and the input waveguide resonator are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide;

[0007] An output waveguide resonator located on the first surface and communicating with the central circular waveguide;

[0008] An output waveguide located on the second surface and communicating with the central circular waveguide.

[0009] Optionally, it includes two of the waveguide resonators, and the included angle between the waveguide resonator and the input waveguide is 120°.

[0010] Optionally, it includes three of the waveguide resonators, and the included angles between adjacent waveguide resonators and between the waveguide resonator and the input waveguide are all 90°.

[0011] Optionally, the input waveguide is a rectangular waveguide, and the input waveguide resonator is a rectangular waveguide resonator or an elliptical waveguide resonator.

[0012] Optionally, the output waveguide is a circular waveguide, and the output waveguide resonator is a circular waveguide resonator.

[0013] Optionally, the output waveguide, the central circular waveguide and the output waveguide resonator are coaxially arranged.

[0014] Optionally, the radius of the central circular waveguide is greater than the radius of the output waveguide resonator, and the radius of the output waveguide resonator is greater than the radius of the output waveguide.

[0015] Optionally, a transition structure is provided between the input waveguide and the central circular waveguide;

[0016] and / or a transition structure is provided between the input waveguide resonator and the central circular waveguide;

[0017] and / or a transition structure is provided between the output waveguide resonator and the central circular waveguide;

[0018] and / or a transition structure is provided between the output waveguide and the central circular waveguide.

[0019] Optionally, the transition structure includes a chamfer structure.

[0020] This application also provides a microwave device, including the TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure as described in any one of the above.

[0021] A TE provided by the present invention 10 -TM01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, comprising: a central circular waveguide; the central circular waveguide includes an outer peripheral portion arranged in the circumferential direction, and a first surface and a second surface oppositely arranged in the axial direction; an input waveguide and an input waveguide resonator located at the outer peripheral portion and communicating with the central circular waveguide; the input waveguide is used for transmitting TE 10 mode signals, and the structure of the input waveguide resonator corresponds to that of the input waveguide to reflect signals; the input waveguide and the input waveguide resonator are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide; an output waveguide resonator located on the first surface and communicating with the central circular waveguide; an output waveguide located on the second surface and communicating with the central circular waveguide.

[0022] On the one hand, the input waveguide resonator can be used for impedance matching of the input waveguide. On the other hand, the input waveguide and the input waveguide resonator are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide to achieve a uniform TM resonance mode; combined with the central circular waveguide, TE 10 mode can be converted into circular waveguide mode, and by restricting the size of the output waveguide, TE 11 mode can be cut off, so as to ensure the output of TM 01 waveguide mode signal. The above conversion structure has the advantages of simple structure, compact volume, and low processing difficulty.

[0023] The present invention also provides a microwave device, which also has the above beneficial effects and will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 10 -TM 01 is a schematic structural diagram of a TE

[0026] Figure 2 For Figure 1 is a front view structural diagram;

[0027] Figure 3 For Figure 1 is a top view structural diagram;

[0028] Figure 4 For Figure 1 is an S-parameter simulation result diagram of the structure.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Central circular waveguide, 2. Input waveguide, 3. Input waveguide resonator cavity, 4. Output waveguide resonator cavity, 5. Output waveguide, 6. Transition structure. Specific implementation mode

[0030] The core of the present invention is to provide a TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure. In the prior art, the current mode conversion structure has disadvantages such as complex design and difficult processing, which will cause relatively large insertion loss and performance error in the high-frequency band.

[0031] And a TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure provided by the present invention includes: a central circular waveguide; the central circular waveguide includes an outer peripheral portion arranged along the circumferential direction, and a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction; an input waveguide and an input waveguide resonator cavity located on the outer peripheral portion and communicating with the central circular waveguide; the input waveguide is used for transmitting TE 10 mode signals, and the structure of the input waveguide resonator cavity corresponds to that of the input waveguide to reflect signals; the input waveguide and the input waveguide resonator cavity are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide; an output waveguide resonator cavity located on the first surface and communicating with the central circular waveguide; an output waveguide located on the second surface and communicating with the central circular waveguide.

[0032] On the one hand, the input waveguide resonator cavity can be used for impedance matching of the input waveguide. On the other hand, the input waveguide and the input waveguide resonator cavity are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide to achieve a uniform TM resonance mode; combined with the central circular waveguide, TE 10 mode can be converted into circular waveguide mode, and by restricting the size of the output waveguide, TE 11 mode can be cut off, so as to ensure the output TM 01 waveguide mode signal. The above conversion structure has the advantages of simple structure, compact volume, and low processing difficulty.

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 which is a TE 10 -TM01 Schematic structural diagram of a waveguide mode conversion structure; Figure 2 is Figure 1 front view structural schematic diagram of Figure 3 is Figure 1 top view structural schematic diagram of Figure 4 is Figure 1 S-parameter simulation result diagram of the structure.

[0036] The TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure provided in this embodiment is specifically applicable to millimeter-wave communication systems for high-power synthesis and signal transmission to improve system efficiency and performance; it is also applicable to radar systems for increasing transmission power and signal quality and enhancing the detection ability of the radar; it is also applicable to satellite communication for optimizing the antenna feed structure, improving system performance, and reducing signal loss; it is also applicable to power combiners for serving as the core component of the radial power synthesis technology to reduce insertion loss and improve synthesis efficiency.

[0037] Refer to Figure 1 In this embodiment, the TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure includes: a central circular waveguide 1; the central circular waveguide 1 includes an outer peripheral portion arranged in the circumferential direction and a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction; an input waveguide 2 and an input waveguide resonator 3 located at the outer peripheral portion and communicating with the central circular waveguide 1; the input waveguide 2 is used for transmitting TE 10 mode signals, and the structure of the input waveguide resonator 3 corresponds to that of the input waveguide 2 to reflect signals; the input waveguide 2 and the input waveguide resonator 3 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide 1; an output waveguide resonator 4 located on the first surface and communicating with the central circular waveguide 1; an output waveguide 5 located on the second surface and communicating with the central circular waveguide 1.

[0038] The above-mentioned input waveguide 2 is used to input TE 10 mode signals into the central circular waveguide 1. This input waveguide 2 is usually a rectangular waveguide. Of course, in this embodiment, the specific structure of the input waveguide 2 is not specifically limited as long as it can transmit TE 10 mode signals. The above-mentioned central circular waveguide 1 specifically has a cylindrical structure. Therefore, the central circular waveguide 1 specifically includes an outer peripheral portion arranged in the circumferential direction and a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction. The whole of the above-mentioned outer peripheral portion is in the shape of an arc surface, and the above-mentioned input waveguide 2 is specifically arranged at the outer peripheral portion to communicate with the central circular waveguide 1 so as to input TE 10 mode signals into the central circular waveguide 1 through the side surface of the central circular waveguide 1.

[0039] The above input waveguide resonator 3 is also disposed on the outer peripheral part of the central circular waveguide 1 and is in communication with the central circular waveguide 1. The input waveguide resonator 3 is generally used to reflect signals at specific positions of the central circular waveguide 1. One of the functions of the input waveguide resonator 3 is to perform impedance matching on the input waveguide 2. Therefore, the structure of the input waveguide resonator 3 needs to correspond to the input waveguide 2 to reflect signals. For example, if the input waveguide 2 is a rectangular waveguide, correspondingly, the input waveguide resonator 3 can be a rectangular waveguide resonator or an elliptical waveguide resonator. Of course, generally, the structure of the input waveguide resonator 3 will be the same as that of the input waveguide 2, that is, both the input waveguide 2 and the input waveguide resonator 3 usually select rectangular waveguides, so as to facilitate impedance matching design.

[0040] In this embodiment, the input waveguide 2 and the input waveguide resonator 3 are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide 1. The purpose is to enable this structure to better convert the TE 10 mode signal into a TM mode signal in combination with the central circular waveguide 1. Optionally, in this embodiment, specifically two waveguide resonators can be provided, and the angle between the waveguide resonator and the input waveguide 2 is 120°. At this time, the two waveguide resonators and the input waveguide 2 are specifically distributed in an equilateral triangle on the outer peripheral part of the central circular waveguide 1. This distribution method can achieve a uniform TM 030 resonant mode, so that the TE 10 mode signal can be converted into a circular waveguide mode signal. The TM 030 resonant mode refers to a resonant mode in which the electromagnetic wave magnetic field has three and a half wavelength changes in the axial direction. This resonant mode exactly conforms to the distribution method of the waveguide resonator and the input waveguide 2. Therefore, the above structure can achieve a uniform TM 030 resonant mode, so that the TE 10 mode signal can be converted into a circular waveguide mode signal.

[0041] Optionally, in this embodiment, specifically three waveguide resonators can also be provided. At this time, the angle between adjacent waveguide resonators and the angle between the waveguide resonator and the input waveguide 2 are both 90°. That is, at this time, on the outer peripheral part of the central circular waveguide 1, the input waveguide 2 and the input waveguide resonator 3 together will be distributed in a square. This distribution method can achieve a uniform TM 040 resonant mode, so that the TE 10 mode signal can be converted into a circular waveguide mode signal. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the input waveguide 2 and the input waveguide resonator 3 are generally in the same horizontal plane. The multiple input waveguide resonators 3 are not distributed along the axial direction of the central circular waveguide 1, but along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide 1.

[0042] The first surface of the above-mentioned central circular waveguide 1 is provided with an output waveguide resonator 4, and the second surface of the central circular waveguide 1 is provided with an output waveguide 5. Since the finally output signal in this application is a TM 01 mode signal, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned output waveguide 5 is usually a circular waveguide. Of course, in this embodiment, a waveguide with other structures can also be selected as the output waveguide 5 as long as the output waveguide 5 can transmit TM 01 mode signal. The main purpose of the above-mentioned output waveguide resonator 4 is to provide impedance matching for the output waveguide 5. Therefore, the structure of the output waveguide resonator 4 usually needs to correspond to the structure of the output waveguide 5. Specifically, in this embodiment, the output waveguide 5 is usually a circular waveguide, and the output waveguide resonator 4 is usually a circular waveguide resonator. It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the output waveguide 5 and the output waveguide resonator 4 need to be connected to the central circular waveguide 1. Therefore, the axial direction of the output waveguide 5 and the axial direction of the output waveguide resonator 4 usually need to be at least parallel to the axial direction of the central circular waveguide 1. The TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure provided in this embodiment generally only includes three-layer structures, where the upper-layer structure refers to the output waveguide resonator 4; the middle-layer structure refers to the structure composed of the central circular waveguide 1, the input waveguide 2, and the input waveguide resonator 3, which is generally in the same plane; the lower-layer structure refers to the output waveguide 5. The above three-layer structure is very compact as a whole and has a high space utilization rate.

[0043] Usually, in this embodiment, the output waveguide 5, the central circular waveguide 1, and the output waveguide resonator 4 are coaxially arranged. That is, the axes of the output waveguide 5, the central circular waveguide 1, and the output waveguide resonator 4 are collinear, so as to ensure the symmetry and consistency of signal transmission and facilitate the transmission of the circular waveguide mode signal. Usually, in this embodiment, the radius of the central circular waveguide 1 is greater than the radius of the output waveguide resonator 4, and the radius of the output waveguide resonator 4 is greater than the radius of the output waveguide 5. In this embodiment, based on structures such as the central circular waveguide 1, the input waveguide 2, the input waveguide resonator 3, and the output waveguide resonator 4, the TE 10 mode signal can be converted into a circular waveguide mode signal. However, at this time, the circular waveguide mode signal usually includes not only TM 01 mode signal, but also TE 11 and other modes. In this embodiment, the radius size of the input waveguide 2 can be specifically set according to the cut-off frequency of the circular waveguide to cut off the TE 11 mode, and finally the TM 01 mode signal is output through the input waveguide 2.

[0044] That is, in this embodiment, the TE in the circular waveguide mode signal can be specifically cut off by restricting the size of the output waveguide 511 The mode is cutoff, and only the TM mode signal is output through the output waveguide 5. 01 In this embodiment, it is assumed that the radius of the circular waveguide as the output waveguide 5 is R1; the radius of the circular waveguide as the output waveguide resonator 4 is R2, and the height is H2; the radius of the central circular waveguide 1 is R3, and the input waveguide 2 is used as a TE 10 mode input structure to input the electromagnetic wave of the TE 10 mode into the central circular waveguide 1. The radius R3 of the central circular waveguide 1 is specifically obtained by calculating the resonance frequency according to the electromagnetic field boundary conditions. The height H2 and the radius R2 of the output waveguide resonator 4 located on one side of the central circular waveguide 1 are also obtained by calculating the resonance frequency according to the electromagnetic field boundary conditions. The radius R1 of the output waveguide 5 located on the other side of the central circular waveguide 1 needs to be obtained by calculating the cutoff frequency of the circular waveguide electromagnetic field. In this embodiment, it is required that only the TM 01 mode exists within the working frequency band, and no other higher-order modes exist. According to these conditions, the radius R1 of the output waveguide 5 can be conveniently calculated.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a transition structure 6 is provided between the input waveguide 2 and the central circular waveguide 1; and / or a transition structure 6 is provided between the input waveguide resonator 3 and the central circular waveguide 1; and / or a transition structure 6 is provided between the output waveguide resonator 4 and the central circular waveguide 1; and / or a transition structure 6 is provided between the output waveguide 5 and the central circular waveguide 1. That is, a transition structure 6 can be provided between any two connected structures in this embodiment. The transition structure 6 is mainly used to improve the discontinuity conditions between different structures, thereby optimizing the matching and reducing the reflection.

[0046] Specifically, the transition structure 6 includes a chamfer structure. This chamfer structure can smooth the boundary between different structures, making the transition between different structures more uniform and smooth, so as to improve the discontinuity conditions between different structures, thereby optimizing the matching and reducing the reflection. The specific dimensions of the above chamfer structure need to be obtained through tuning design and are not specifically limited here.

[0047] In addition, according to the design requirements, the designer can recalculate the resonance frequency by himself according to the frequency requirements to obtain the relevant parameters in the above structure. Similarly, by tuning in the electromagnetic simulation software, the electric and magnetic field transformations of the proposed mode conversion structure can also be observed, and thus a mode conversion structure that meets the requirements can be designed.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4Shows the S-parameter simulation results of the waveguide mode conversion structure in this embodiment. From the simulation results, it can be seen that this structure achieves very low return loss and very high transmission coefficient within the central frequency band of 220 GHz, indicating that this structure has very high mode conversion efficiency.

[0049] A TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure. The input waveguide resonator 3 can be used for impedance matching of the input waveguide 2 on the one hand. On the other hand, the input waveguide 2 and the input waveguide resonator 3 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide 1 to achieve a uniform TM resonance mode. Combining with the central circular waveguide 1 can convert the TE 10 mode to the circular waveguide mode, and by restricting the size of the output waveguide 5, the TE 11 mode can be cut off, thus ensuring the output TM 01 waveguide mode signal. The above conversion structure has the advantages of simple structure, compact volume, and low processing difficulty.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] This embodiment also provides a microwave device, which includes a TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure provided in the above embodiment. Other structures of the microwave device, including transmitting antennas, receiving antennas, etc., can refer to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0052] Since the microwave device of this embodiment is provided with the TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure provided in the above invention embodiment, this microwave device can be more suitable for high-frequency bands while having a smaller volume.

[0053] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other.

[0054] Finally, it should also be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0055] The above has introduced in detail a TE 10 -TM 01 waveguide mode conversion structure and a microwave device provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this text to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A TE 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that include: Central circle waveguide; The central circular waveguide comprises an outer peripheral portion arranged in a circumferential direction, and a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other in an axial direction; An input waveguide and an input waveguide resonant cavity located at the periphery and connected to the central circular waveguide; the input waveguide is used to transmit TE 10 mode signal, the structure of the input waveguide resonant cavity corresponds to the input waveguide to reflect the signal; the input waveguide and the input waveguide resonant cavity are distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the central circular waveguide; an output waveguide resonant cavity located on the first surface and in communication with the central circular waveguide; An output waveguide is located on the second surface and communicates with the central circular waveguide.

2. The TE according to claim 1 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that It comprises two waveguide resonant cavities, and the angle between the waveguide resonant cavity and the input waveguide is 120°.

3. The TE according to claim 1 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that The invention comprises three waveguide resonant cavities, and the angles between adjacent waveguide resonant cavities and between the waveguide resonant cavity and the input waveguide are all 90°.

4. The TE according to claim 1 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that The input waveguide is a rectangular waveguide, and the input waveguide resonant cavity is a rectangular waveguide resonant cavity or an elliptical waveguide resonant cavity.

5. The TE according to claim 1 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that The output waveguide is a circular waveguide, and the output waveguide resonant cavity is a circular waveguide resonant cavity.

6. The TE according to claim 5 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that The output waveguide, the central circle waveguide and the output waveguide resonant cavity are coaxially arranged.

7. The TE according to claim 6 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that The radius of the central circular waveguide is greater than the radius of the output waveguide resonant cavity, and the radius of the output waveguide resonant cavity is greater than the radius of the output waveguide.

8. The TE according to claim 1 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that A transition structure is provided between the input waveguide and the central circle waveguide; and / or a transition structure is provided between the input waveguide resonant cavity and the central circular waveguide; and / or a transition structure is provided between the output waveguide resonant cavity and the central circular waveguide; And / or a transition structure is arranged between the output waveguide and the central circle waveguide.

9. The TE according to claim 8 10 -TM 01 A waveguide mode conversion structure, characterized in that The transition structure includes a chamfered structure.

10. A microwave device, characterized in that: Comprising the TE according to any one of claims 1 to 9 10 -TM 01 Waveguide mode conversion structure.

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