UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply) with automatic switching function

Abstract

The invention discloses a UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply) with an automatic switching function, which relates to the field of power supply, and comprises a commercial power supply module for introducing commercial power alternating current and supplying the commercial power alternating current to a step-down rectifying and filtering module and a load working module; the step-down rectifying and filtering module is used for converting alternating current into direct current and supplying the direct current to the switching and storage module; the switching and storage module is used for storing electric energy for the battery when the direct current is input and controlling the load working module to take the alternating current of the mains supply as a power supply; when no direct current is input, the system has the beneficial effects that the current power state of the battery is judged through the power judgment module and is fed back to the single chip microcomputer working module, and the single chip microcomputer working module controls the working condition of the load through the power supply control module, so that the output power of the battery is matched with the work of the load; normal work of the main electric equipment of the load is ensured, and the normal working time of the main electric equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of power supply, and specifically to a UPS power supply with an automatic switching function. Background Art

[0002] A UPS power supply (Uninterruptible Power Supply) is a power protection device used to provide continuous and stable power supply to a load using a backup power source (such as a battery) when the main power source (such as the mains power) is interrupted or abnormal. Its main function is to prevent the load from being interrupted or damaged due to power problems (such as power outages, voltage fluctuations, frequency deviations, etc.).

[0003] The problem is that as the backup power source supplies power for a long time, the battery power loss will cause the output power to decrease, making it difficult to meet the load working requirements, and improvement is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a UPS power supply with an automatic switching function to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A UPS power supply with an automatic switching function, including: A mains power supply module for introducing mains alternating current and supplying it to a step-down rectification and filtering module and a load working module; A step-down rectification and filtering module for converting alternating current into direct current and supplying it to a switching and storage module; A switching and storage module for storing electrical energy in the battery when there is direct current input and controlling the load working module to use mains alternating current as the power supply; when there is no direct current input, the battery supplies power to the inverter module and controls the load working module to use the alternating current output by the inverter module as the power supply; An inverter module for converting the direct current output by the battery into alternating current and supplying it to the load working module; A load working module for the load to obtain power and work; A power judgment module for detecting the battery power and outputting a voltage signal to the microcontroller working module within a set time when the battery power reaches the set demand; A microcontroller working module for gradually reducing the set demand of the battery power until the set demand of the battery power reaches the lowest value when it does not receive the voltage signal within the set time; and controlling the working state of the power supply control module according to whether it receives the voltage signal within the set time; A power supply control module for setting different priorities for the electrical devices in the load and controlling the electrical devices reaching the priority to obtain power and work based on the control of the microcontroller working module; The output terminal of the mains power supply module is connected to the input terminal of the step-down rectification and filtering module and the first input terminal of the load working module. The output terminal of the step-down rectification and filtering module is connected to the input terminal of the switching and storage module. The first output terminal of the switching and storage module is connected to the input terminal of the inversion module. The second output terminal of the switching and storage module is connected to the input terminal of the power judgment module. The output terminal of the inversion module is connected to the second input terminal of the load working module. The output terminal of the power judgment module is connected to the input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer working module. The output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer working module is connected to the input terminal of the power supply control module. The output terminal of the power supply control module is connected to the third input terminal of the load working module.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention: The switching and storage module includes a first relay, a second resistor, a second diode, a first resistor, a first diode, a battery, and the fifth control port of a first switch. One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first relay, the negative electrode of the second diode, and the output terminal of the step-down rectification and filtering module. The other end of the first relay is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode and one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor is grounded. The other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode. The negative electrode of the first diode is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the common point A9, and one end of the fifth control port of the first switch. The negative electrode of the battery is grounded. The other end of the fifth control port of the first switch is connected to the input terminal of the inversion module.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: The load working module includes a load, the first control port of a first switch, the second control port of the first switch, the third control port of the first switch, and the fourth control port of the first switch. One end of the first control port of the first switch is connected to the output terminal of the mains power supply module. The other end of the first control port of the first switch is connected to the common point A7, one end of the load, and one end of the third control port of the first switch. One end of the second control port of the first switch is connected to the output terminal of the mains power supply module. The other end of the second control port of the first switch is connected to the common point A8, the other end of the load, and one end of the fourth control port of the first switch. The other end of the third control port of the first switch is connected to the output terminal of the inversion module. The other end of the fourth control port of the first switch is connected to the output terminal of the inversion module.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: The power judgment module includes: A battery power detection unit for charging a second capacitor by introducing battery voltage and current, and providing a first voltage signal to the non-inverting terminal of a first amplifier when the second capacitor is charged to a first set voltage; A comparison power detection unit for charging a fourth capacitor by introducing a constant voltage and constant current source, and providing a second voltage signal to the inverting terminal of the first amplifier when the fourth capacitor is charged to a second set voltage. The second set voltage is greater than the first set voltage, and the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal; The input end of the battery power detection unit is connected to the second output end of the switching and storage module. The output end of the battery power detection unit is connected to the non-inverting end of the first amplifier. The output end of the comparison power detection unit is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier. The output end of the first amplifier is connected to the input end of the single-chip microcomputer working module.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present invention: The battery power detection unit includes a third diode, a first capacitor, a third resistor, a first potentiometer, a second capacitor, a fourth triode, and a fourth diode. The positive electrode of the third diode is connected to the common point A9. The negative electrode of the third diode is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the third resistor. The other end of the first capacitor is grounded. The other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the first potentiometer. The other end of the first potentiometer is connected to one end of the second capacitor, the collector of the fourth triode, and the negative electrode of the fourth diode. The other end of the second capacitor is grounded. The emitter of the fourth triode is grounded. The base of the fourth triode is connected to the output end of the first amplifier. The positive electrode of the fourth diode is connected to the non-inverting end of the first amplifier.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present invention: The comparison power detection unit includes a first constant voltage and constant current source, a second constant voltage and constant current source, a third constant voltage and constant current source, a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor, a third MOS transistor, a sixth diode, a third capacitor, a fourth resistor, a second potentiometer, a fourth capacitor, a fifth triode, and a fifth diode. The first constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the first MOS transistor. The G pole of the first MOS transistor is connected to the common point A4. The S pole of the first MOS transistor is connected to the S pole of the second MOS transistor, the S pole of the third MOS transistor, and the positive electrode of the sixth diode. The second constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the second MOS transistor. The G pole of the second MOS transistor is connected to the common point A5. The third constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the third MOS transistor. The G pole of the third MOS transistor is connected to the common point A6. The negative electrode of the sixth diode is connected to one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fourth resistor. The other end of the third capacitor is grounded. The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the second potentiometer. The other end of the second potentiometer is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the collector of the fifth triode, and the negative electrode of the fifth diode. The other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded. The emitter of the fifth triode is grounded. The base of the fifth triode is connected to the output end of the first amplifier. The positive electrode of the fifth diode is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present invention: The single-chip microcomputer working module includes a single-chip microcomputer. The IO3 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A3. The IO4 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A4. The IO5 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A5. The IO6 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A6.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: The power supply control module includes a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a tenth diode, an eleventh diode, a twelfth diode, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor; One end of the second relay is connected to the negative electrode of the seventh diode and the negative electrode of the tenth diode. The positive electrode of the seventh diode is connected to the common points A4, A5, and A6. The positive electrode of the tenth diode is connected to the other end of the second relay and one end of the fifth resistor, and the other end of the fifth resistor is grounded; One end of the third relay is connected to the negative electrode of the eighth diode and the negative electrode of the eleventh diode. The positive electrode of the eighth diode is connected to the common points A4 and A5. The positive electrode of the eleventh diode is connected to the other end of the third relay and one end of the sixth resistor, and the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded; One end of the fourth relay is connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode and the negative electrode of the twelfth diode. The positive electrode of the ninth diode is connected to the common point A4. The positive electrode of the twelfth diode is connected to the other end of the fourth relay and one end of the seventh resistor, and the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded; When the second relay is energized and operates, it controls the second switch to close, and the main electrical equipment is energized and operates; when the third relay is energized and operates, it controls the third switch to close, and the secondary electrical equipment is energized and operates; when the fourth relay is energized and operates, it controls the fourth switch to close, and the auxiliary electrical equipment is energized and operates.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention judges the power state of the current battery through the power judgment module and feeds it back to the single-chip microcomputer working module. The single-chip microcomputer working module controls the working conditions of the load through the power supply control module, enabling the output power of the battery to match the operation of the load, ensuring the normal operation of the main electrical equipment of the load, and prolonging the normal working time of the main electrical equipment. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a UPS power supply with an automatic switching function.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of the mains power supply module and the load working module.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a circuit diagram of the switching and storage module.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a circuit diagram of the power judgment module.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a circuit diagram of the single-chip microcomputer working module and the power supply control module.

[0019] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, mains power supply module; 2, step-down rectification and filtering module; 3, switching and storage module; 4, inverter module; 5, load working module; 6, power judgment module; 7, single-chip microcomputer working module; 8, power supply control module. Detailed implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 , a UPS power supply with an automatic switching function, including: The mains power supply module 1 is used to introduce mains alternating current and supply it to the step-down rectification and filtering module 2 and the load working module 5; The step-down rectification and filtering module 2 is used to convert alternating current into direct current and supply it to the switching and storage module 3; The switching and storage module 3 is used to store electrical energy for the battery E1 when there is direct current input, and control the load working module 5 to use mains alternating current as the power supply; when there is no direct current input, the battery E1 supplies power to the inverter module 4 and controls the load working module 5 to use the alternating current output by the inverter module 4 as the power supply; The inverter module 4 is used to convert the direct current output by the battery E1 into alternating current and supply it to the load working module 5; The load working module 5 is used for the load X1 to be powered on and work; The power judgment module 6 is used to detect the power of the battery E1, and when the power of the battery E1 reaches the set requirement, output a voltage signal to the single-chip microcomputer working module 7 within the set time; The single-chip microcomputer working module 7 is used to gradually reduce the set requirement of the battery E1 power until the set requirement of the battery E1 power reaches the minimum value when the voltage signal is not received within the set time; and control the working state of the power supply control module 8 according to whether the voltage signal is received within the set time; The power supply control module 8 is used to set different priorities for the electrical devices in the load X1, and based on the control of the single-chip microcomputer working module 7, control the electrical devices reaching the priority to be powered on and work; The output terminal of the mains power supply module 1 is connected to the input terminal of the step-down rectification and filtering module 2 and the first input terminal of the load working module 5. The output terminal of the step-down rectification and filtering module 2 is connected to the input terminal of the switching and storage module 3. The first output terminal of the switching and storage module 3 is connected to the input terminal of the inverter module 4. The second output terminal of the switching and storage module 3 is connected to the input terminal of the power judgment module 6. The output terminal of the inverter module 4 is connected to the second input terminal of the load working module 5. The output terminal of the power judgment module 6 is connected to the input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer working module 7. The output terminal of the single-chip microcomputer working module 7 is connected to the input terminal of the power supply control module 8. The output terminal of the power supply control module 8 is connected to the third input terminal of the load working module 5.

[0022] In a specific embodiment: Please refer to Figure 2 , the mains power supply module 1 outputs 220V alternating current by introducing the live wire L and the neutral wire N. The step-down rectification and filtering module 2 converts the alternating current into stable direct current through a transformer, a rectifier, and a filter, and supplies it to the switching and storage module 3. The inverter module 4 converts the direct current into alternating current suitable for the load X1 to use. The step-down rectification and filtering module 2 and the inverter module 4 are both common circuits in the UPS power supply and will not be elaborated here.

[0023] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 3 , the switching and storage module 3 includes a first relay J1, a second resistor R2, a second diode D2, a first resistor R1, a first diode D1, a battery E1, and the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the first relay J1, the negative electrode of the second diode D2, and the output terminal of the step-down rectification and filtering module 2. The other end of the first relay J1 is connected to the positive electrode of the second diode D2 and one end of the second resistor R2. The other end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first diode D1. The negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery E1, the common point A9, and one end of the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch. The negative electrode of the battery E1 is grounded. The other end of the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch is connected to the input terminal of the inverter module 4.

[0024] When the mains power supply module 1 supplies power normally, the step-down rectification and filtering module 2 supplies power to the switching and storage module 3. At this time, the first relay J1 works, controls the first control port S1-1 and the second control port S1-2 of the first switch to close, and controls the third control port S1-3, the fourth control port S1-4, and the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch to open. At this time, the direct current charges the battery E1 through the first resistor R1 and the first diode D1.

[0025] When the mains power supply module 1 stops supplying power, the first relay J1 is de-energized at this time, the first control port S1-1 and the second control port S1-2 of the first switch are disconnected, and the third control port S1-3, the fourth control port S1-4, and the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch are closed. At this time, the battery E1 supplies power through the fifth control port S1-5 of the first switch to the inverter module 4, and the inverter module 4 converts direct current into alternating current that meets the power consumption requirements.

[0026] In another embodiment: A voltage stabilizer can be added to provide a more stable voltage source when the battery E1 supplies power.

[0027] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 2 , the load working module 5 includes a load X1, the first control port S1-1 of the first switch, the second control port S1-2 of the first switch, the third control port S1-3 of the first switch, the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch. One end of the first control port S1-1 of the first switch is connected to the output end of the mains power supply module 1, and the other end is connected to the common point A7, one end of the load X1, and one end of the third control port S1-3 of the first switch. One end of the second control port S1-2 of the first switch is connected to the output end of the mains power supply module 1, and the other end is connected to the common point A8, the other end of the load X1, and one end of the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch. The other end of the third control port S1-3 of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module 4, and the other end of the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module 4.

[0028] When the mains power supply module 1 supplies power normally, the mains voltage supplies power to the load X1 through the first control port S1-1 and the second control port S1-2 of the first switch.

[0029] When the mains power supply module 1 stops supplying power, the alternating current that meets the power consumption requirements generated by the battery E1 through the inverter module 4 supplies power to the load X1 through the third control port S1-3 and the fourth control port S1-4 of the first switch.

[0030] In another embodiment: In the attached figure, alternating current with a voltage of 220V is supplied to the load X1 through the live wire L and the neutral wire N. In actual use, the rated voltage of the load X1 is not limited. For example, the rated voltage can be 380V alternating current.

[0031] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 4 , the power judgment module 6 includes: The battery E1 power detection unit is used to introduce the voltage and current of the battery E1 to charge the second capacitor C2. When the second capacitor C2 is charged to the first set voltage, it provides a first voltage signal to the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1; The comparison power detection unit is used to introduce a constant voltage and constant current source to charge the fourth capacitor C4. When the fourth capacitor C4 is charged to the second set voltage, it provides a second voltage signal to the inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1. The second set voltage is greater than the first set voltage, and the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal; The input terminal of the battery E1 power detection unit is connected to the second output terminal of the switching and storage module 3. The output terminal of the battery E1 power detection unit is connected to the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1. The output terminal of the comparison power detection unit is connected to the inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1. The output terminal of the first amplifier U1 is connected to the input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer working module 7.

[0032] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 4 , the battery E1 power detection unit includes a third diode D3, a first capacitor C1, a third resistor R3, a first potentiometer RP1, a second capacitor C2, a fourth triode V4, and a fourth diode D4. The positive electrode of the third diode D3 is connected to the common point A9. The negative electrode of the third diode D3 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the third resistor R3. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is grounded. The other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the first potentiometer RP1. The other end of the first potentiometer RP1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2, the collector of the fourth triode V4, and the negative electrode of the fourth diode D4. The other end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded. The emitter of the fourth triode V4 is grounded. The base of the fourth triode V4 is connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier U1. The positive electrode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1.

[0033] The common point A9 charges the second capacitor C2 through the third diode D3, the third resistor R3, and the first potentiometer RP1. The greater the voltage and current of the battery E1, the shorter the time for the second capacitor C2 to be charged enough to turn on the fourth diode D4. On the contrary, the smaller the voltage and current of the battery E1, the longer the time for the second capacitor C2 to be charged enough to turn on the fourth diode D4. Therefore, the size of the voltage and current of the battery E1 can be judged by the length of the time for the second capacitor C2 to be charged to turn on the fourth diode D4, and whether the output power of the battery E1 is sufficient to meet the power consumption requirements of the load X1 can be distinguished.

[0034] In another embodiment: The first potentiometer RP1 can be replaced with an ordinary resistor, so that the charging time of the second capacitor C2 cannot be adjusted.

[0035] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 4, the comparison power detection unit includes a first constant voltage and constant current source VDD1, a second constant voltage and constant current source VDD2, a third constant voltage and constant current source VDD3, a first MOS transistor V1, a second MOS transistor V2, a third MOS transistor V3, a sixth diode D6, a third capacitor C3, a fourth resistor R4, a second potentiometer RP2, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth triode V5, and a fifth diode D5. The first constant voltage and constant current source VDD1 is connected to the D pole of the first MOS transistor V1. The G pole of the first MOS transistor V1 is connected to the common point A4. The S pole of the first MOS transistor V1 is connected to the S poles of the second MOS transistor V2, the third MOS transistor V3, and the positive pole of the sixth diode D6. The second constant voltage and constant current source VDD2 is connected to the D pole of the second MOS transistor V2. The G pole of the second MOS transistor V2 is connected to the common point A5. The third constant voltage and constant current source VDD3 is connected to the D pole of the third MOS transistor V3. The G pole of the third MOS transistor V3 is connected to the common point A6. The negative pole of the sixth diode D6 is connected to one end of the third capacitor C3 and one end of the fourth resistor R4. The other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded. The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to one end of the second potentiometer RP2. The other end of the second potentiometer RP2 is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C4, the collector of the fifth triode V5, and the negative pole of the fifth diode D5. The other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded. The emitter of the fifth triode V5 is grounded. The base of the fifth triode V5 is connected to the output end of the first amplifier U1. The positive pole of the fifth diode D5 is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier U1.

[0036] Among the first constant voltage and constant current source VDD1, the second constant voltage and constant current source VDD2, and the third constant voltage and constant current source VDD3, the first constant voltage and constant current source VDD1 has the largest voltage and current, the second constant voltage and constant current source VDD2 has the second largest voltage and current, and the third constant voltage and constant current source VDD3 has the smallest voltage and current. Here, the sixth diode D6, the third capacitor C3, the fourth resistor R4, the second potentiometer RP2, the fourth capacitor C4, and the fifth triode V5 correspond one by one in model to the third diode D3, the first capacitor C1, the third resistor R3, the first potentiometer RP1, the second capacitor C2, and the fourth triode V4.

[0037] Initially, the first MOS transistor V1, the second MOS transistor V2, and the third MOS transistor V3 are cut off. At this time, the second capacitor C2 is charged and the fourth capacitor C4 is not charged. Finally, the voltage at the non-inverting end of the first amplifier U1 becomes high level, and the first amplifier U1 outputs a high-level signal, which is fed back to the single-chip microcomputer working module 7, and the single-chip microcomputer working module 7 further makes the common point A4 become high level. At this time, if the voltage of the battery E1 is sufficient, the second capacitor C2 will still output a high level (the first set voltage) to the first amplifier U1 prior to the fourth capacitor C4. The first amplifier U1 continues to output a high-level signal, and the fourth triode V4 and the fifth triode V5 are turned on to discharge the voltages on the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4. As the battery E1 discharges, the charging time of the second capacitor C2 extends. When the voltage and current of the battery E1 drop to a threshold value, the fourth capacitor C4 outputs a high level (second set voltage) to the first amplifier U1 prior to the second capacitor C2. Based on the fact that the second set voltage is greater than the first set voltage, even if the second capacitor C2 subsequently provides a high level to the non-inverting terminal of the first amplifier U1, the first amplifier U1 still does not output a high level, causing the first amplifier U1 not to output a high level within the set time. The microcontroller working module 7 controls the common point A5 to become high level and the common point A4 to become low level. At the same time, the microcontroller working module 7 controls the common point A3 to output a high level to discharge the voltages on the second capacitor C2 and the fourth capacitor C4.

[0038] At this time, the fourth capacitor C4 is powered by the second constant voltage and constant current source VDD2, and its charging speed decreases. For a period of time, the charging speed of the second capacitor C2 is faster than that of the fourth capacitor C4, causing the microcontroller working module 7 to maintain the common point A5 at a high level during this period. As the battery E1 discharges, the voltage and current of the battery E1 further decrease. The charging speed of the fourth capacitor C4 is faster than that of the second capacitor C2, and the first amplifier U1 does not output a high level within the set time. The microcontroller working module 7 controls the common point A6 to become high level and the common point A5 to become low level. The third constant voltage and constant current source VDD3 powers the fourth capacitor C4 until the charging speed of the battery E1 for charging the second capacitor C2 is lower than the charging speed of the third constant voltage and constant current source VDD3 for charging the fourth capacitor C4. At this time, the first amplifier U1 again does not output a high level within the set time.

[0039] Therefore, during the complete discharge process of the battery E1, as the battery E1 discharges, the microcontroller working module 7 sequentially makes the common points A4, A5, and A6 high level.

[0040] In another embodiment: Here, three constant voltage and constant current sources are taken as an example, but the number of constant voltage and constant current sources is not limited in actual use.

[0041] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 5 , the microcontroller working module 7 includes a microcontroller U2. The IO3 port of the microcontroller U2 is connected to the common point A3, the IO4 port of the microcontroller U2 is connected to the common point A4, the IO5 port of the microcontroller U2 is connected to the common point A5, and the IO6 port of the microcontroller U2 is connected to the common point A6.

[0042] The microcontroller U2 controls the change of the circuit working condition through the voltage signals at A3, A4, A5, and A6, and outputs two complementary square wave signals PWM1 and PWM2 to drive the inverter module 4 to convert direct current into alternating current.

[0043] In another embodiment, the single-chip microcomputer U2 can further reference an output port to output a signal. When the charging speed of the third constant voltage and constant current source VDD3 for the fourth capacitor C4 is faster than that of the battery E1 for the second capacitor C2, and the first amplifier U1 does not output a high level within the set time, the newly added output port outputs a signal to drive the buzzer to alarm, reminding the staff to save data as the battery E1 is about to run out of power.

[0044] In this embodiment: Please refer to Figure 5 , the power supply control module 8 includes a second relay J2, a third relay J3, a fourth relay J4, a seventh diode D7, an eighth diode D8, a ninth diode D9, a tenth diode D10, an eleventh diode D11, a twelfth diode D12, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a seventh resistor R7; One end of the second relay J2 is connected to the negative electrode of the seventh diode D7 and the negative electrode of the tenth diode D10. The positive electrode of the seventh diode D7 is connected to the common points A4, A5, and A6. The positive electrode of the tenth diode D10 is connected to the other end of the second relay J2 and one end of the fifth resistor R5, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded; One end of the third relay J3 is connected to the negative electrode of the eighth diode D8 and the negative electrode of the eleventh diode. The positive electrode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the common points A4 and A5. The positive electrode of the eleventh diode is connected to the other end of the third relay J3 and one end of the sixth resistor R6, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded; One end of the fourth relay J4 is connected to the negative electrode of the ninth diode D9 and the negative electrode of the twelfth diode D12. The positive electrode of the ninth diode D9 is connected to the common point A4. The positive electrode of the twelfth diode D12 is connected to the other end of the fourth relay J4 and one end of the seventh resistor R7, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded; When the second relay J2 is energized and works, it controls the second switch S2 to close, and the main electrical equipment X2 is energized and works; when the third relay J3 is energized and works, it controls the third switch S3 to close, and the secondary electrical equipment X3 is energized and works; when the fourth relay J4 is energized and works, it controls the fourth switch S4 to close, and the auxiliary electrical equipment X4 is energized and works.

[0045] When the common point A4 outputs a high level, the voltage and current of the battery E1 are sufficient at this time, and the output power is sufficient; when the common point A5 outputs a high level, the voltage and current of the battery E1 drop at this time, and the output power decreases; when the common point A6 outputs a high level, the voltage and current of the battery E1 further drop at this time, and the output power further decreases; therefore, when the common point A4 is at a high level, the second relay J2, the third relay J3, and the fourth relay J4 are all energized to work, respectively controlling the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4 to close, and the main electrical equipment X2, the secondary electrical equipment X3, and the auxiliary electrical equipment X4 of the load X1 are all energized to work; when the common point A5 is at a high level, the fourth relay J4 stops working, the main electrical equipment X2 and the secondary electrical equipment X3 of the load X1 are energized to work, and the auxiliary electrical equipment X4 stops working; when the common point A6 is at a high level, only the second relay J2 is energized to work, and only the main electrical equipment X2 of the load X1 is energized to work. By monitoring the voltage and current information of the battery E1, the output power of the battery E1 is judged, so as to dynamically control whether the electrical equipment of the load X1 works. When the commercial power is cut off for a long time, the working duration of the main electrical equipment X2 is maintained as much as possible.

[0046] In another embodiment: It is also possible to control whether the main electrical equipment X2, the secondary electrical equipment X3, and the auxiliary electrical equipment X4 work by controlling whether the bidirectional thyristor conducts through a control signal.

[0047] The working principle of the present invention is: The commercial power supply module 1 is used to introduce commercial power alternating current to supply the step-down rectification and filtering module 2 and the load working module 5; the step-down rectification and filtering module 2 is used to convert alternating current into direct current to supply the switching and storage module 3; the switching and storage module 3 is used to store electrical energy for the battery E1 when there is direct current input, and control the load working module 5 to use commercial power alternating current as the power supply; when there is no direct current input, the battery E1 supplies power to the inverter module 4, and controls the load working module 5 to use the alternating current output by the inverter module 4 as the power supply; the inverter module 4 is used to convert the direct current output by the battery E1 into alternating current to supply the load working module 5; the load working module 5 is used for the load X1 to be energized to work; the power judgment module 6 is used to detect the power of the battery E1, and when the power of the battery E1 reaches the set requirement, output a voltage signal to the single-chip microcomputer working module 7 within the set time; the single-chip microcomputer working module 7 is used to gradually reduce the set requirement of the battery E1 power until the set requirement of the battery E1 power reaches the lowest value when the voltage signal is not received within the set time; and control the working state of the power supply control module 8 according to whether the voltage signal is received within the set time; The power supply control module 8 is used to set different priorities for the electrical equipment in the load X1, and based on the control of the single-chip microcomputer working module 7, control the electrical equipment reaching the priority to be energized to work.

[0048] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting.

[0049] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A UPS power supply with an automatic switching function, characterized in that, The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function includes: A mains power supply module (1) for introducing mains alternating current and supplying it to a step-down rectifying and filtering module (2) and a load working module (5); A step-down rectifying and filtering module (2) for converting alternating current into direct current and supplying it to a switching and storage module (3); A switching and storage module (3) for storing electrical energy in the battery when there is direct current input and controlling the load working module (5) to use mains alternating current as the power supply; when there is no direct current input, the battery supplies power to an inverter module (4) and controls the load working module (5) to use the alternating current output by the inverter module (4) as the power supply; An inverter module (4) for converting the direct current output by the battery into alternating current and supplying it to the load working module (5); A load working module (5) for enabling the load to work when powered; A power judgment module (6) for detecting the battery power and outputting a voltage signal to a single-chip microcomputer working module (7) within a set time when the battery power reaches the set requirement; A single-chip microcomputer working module (7) for gradually reducing the set requirement of the battery power until the set requirement of the battery power reaches the minimum value when no voltage signal is received within the set time; and controlling the working state of a power supply control module (8) according to whether a voltage signal is received within the set time; A power supply control module (8) for setting different priorities for electrical equipment in the load and controlling the electrical equipment reaching the priority to work when powered based on the control of the single-chip microcomputer working module (7); The output end of the mains power supply module (1) is connected to the input end of the step-down rectifying and filtering module (2) and the first input end of the load working module (5), the output end of the step-down rectifying and filtering module (2) is connected to the input end of the switching and storage module (3), the first output end of the switching and storage module (3) is connected to the input end of the inverter module (4), the second output end of the switching and storage module (3) is connected to the input end of the power judgment module (6), the output end of the inverter module (4) is connected to the second input end of the load working module (5), the output end of the power judgment module (6) is connected to the input end of the single-chip microcomputer working module (7), the output end of the single-chip microcomputer working module (7) is connected to the input end of the power supply control module (8), and the output end of the power supply control module (8) is connected to the third input end of the load working module (5).

2. The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function according to claim 1, wherein, The switching and storage module (3) includes a first relay, a second resistor, a second diode, a first resistor, a first diode, a battery, and the fifth control port of a first switch. One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the first relay, the negative pole of the second diode, and the output end of the step-down rectifying and filtering module (2). The other end of the first relay is connected to the positive pole of the second diode and one end of the second resistor. The other end of the second resistor is grounded. The other end of the first resistor is connected to the positive pole of the first diode. The negative pole of the first diode is connected to the positive pole of the battery, the common point A9, and one end of the fifth control port of the first switch. The negative pole of the battery is grounded. The other end of the fifth control port of the first switch is connected to the input end of the inverter module (4).

3. The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that The load working module (5) includes a load, the first control port of the first switch, the second control port of the first switch, the third control port of the first switch, and the fourth control port of the first switch. One end of the first control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the mains power supply module (1), and the other end of the first control port of the first switch is connected to the common point A7, one end of the load, and one end of the third control port of the first switch. One end of the second control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the mains power supply module (1), and the other end of the second control port of the first switch is connected to the common point A8, the other end of the load, and one end of the fourth control port of the first switch. The other end of the third control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module (4), and the other end of the fourth control port of the first switch is connected to the output end of the inverter module (4).

4. The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power judgment module (6) includes: A battery power detection unit, which is used to introduce the battery voltage and current to charge the second capacitor. When the second capacitor is charged to the first set voltage, it provides a first voltage signal to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier; A comparison power detection unit, which is used to introduce a constant voltage and constant current source to charge the fourth capacitor. When the fourth capacitor is charged to the second set voltage, it provides a second voltage signal to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier. The second set voltage is greater than the first set voltage, and the second voltage signal is greater than the first voltage signal; The input terminal of the battery power detection unit is connected to the second output terminal of the switching and storage module (3), the output terminal of the battery power detection unit is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier, the output terminal of the comparison power detection unit is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first amplifier, and the output terminal of the first amplifier is connected to the input terminal of the single-chip microcomputer working module (7).

5. The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The battery power detection unit includes a third diode, a first capacitor, a third resistor, a first potentiometer, a second capacitor, a fourth triode, and a fourth diode. The positive electrode of the third diode is connected to the common point A9, the negative electrode of the third diode is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the third resistor. The other end of the first capacitor is grounded, the other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the first potentiometer. The other end of the first potentiometer is connected to one end of the second capacitor, the collector of the fourth triode, and the negative electrode of the fourth diode. The other end of the second capacitor is grounded, the emitter of the fourth triode is grounded, the base of the fourth triode is connected to the output terminal of the first amplifier, and the positive electrode of the fourth diode is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first amplifier.

6. The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The comparison power detection unit includes a first constant voltage and constant current source, a second constant voltage and constant current source, a third constant voltage and constant current source, a first MOS transistor, a second MOS transistor, a third MOS transistor, a sixth diode, a third capacitor, a fourth resistor, a second potentiometer, a fourth capacitor, a fifth triode, and a fifth diode. The first constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the first MOS transistor. The G pole of the first MOS transistor is connected to the common point A4. The S pole of the first MOS transistor is connected to the S pole of the second MOS transistor, the S pole of the third MOS transistor, and the positive pole of the sixth diode. The second constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the second MOS transistor. The G pole of the second MOS transistor is connected to the common point A5. The third constant voltage and constant current source is connected to the D pole of the third MOS transistor. The G pole of the third MOS transistor is connected to the common point A6. The negative pole of the sixth diode is connected to one end of the third capacitor and one end of the fourth resistor. The other end of the third capacitor is grounded. The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to one end of the second potentiometer. The other end of the second potentiometer is connected to one end of the fourth capacitor, the collector of the fifth triode, and the negative pole of the fifth diode. The other end of the fourth capacitor is grounded. The emitter of the fifth triode is grounded. The base of the fifth triode is connected to the output end of the first amplifier. The positive pole of the fifth diode is connected to the inverting end of the first amplifier.

7. The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function according to claim 1, wherein The single-chip microcomputer working module (7) includes a single-chip microcomputer. The IO3 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A3. The IO4 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A4. The IO5 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A5. The IO6 port of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the common point A6.

8. The UPS power supply with an automatic switching function according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that The power supply control module (8) includes a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a twelfth diode, an eleventh diode, a twelfth diode, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, and a seventh resistor; One end of the second relay is connected to the negative poles of the seventh diode and the twelfth diode. The positive pole of the seventh diode is connected to the common points A4, A5, and A6. The positive pole of the twelfth diode is connected to the other end of the second relay and one end of the fifth resistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is grounded; One end of the third relay is connected to the negative poles of the eighth diode and the eleventh diode. The positive pole of the eighth diode is connected to the common points A4 and A5. The positive pole of the eleventh diode is connected to the other end of the third relay and one end of the sixth resistor. The other end of the sixth resistor is grounded; One end of the fourth relay is connected to the negative poles of the ninth diode and the twelfth diode. The positive pole of the ninth diode is connected to the common point A4. The positive pole of the twelfth diode is connected to the other end of the fourth relay and one end of the seventh resistor. The other end of the seventh resistor is grounded; When the second relay is energized and works, it controls the second switch to close, and the main electrical equipment is energized and works. When the third relay is energized and works, it controls the third switch to close, and the secondary electrical equipment is energized and works. When the fourth relay is energized and works, it controls the fourth switch to close, and the auxiliary electrical equipment is energized and works.

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