Detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on adsorbent module

Abstract

The invention provides a detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on an adsorbent module, which comprises a photovoltaic module, an attaching plate and an adsorbent module, and is characterized in that the back surface of the photovoltaic module is connected with one side of the attaching plate, and the other side of the attaching plate is connected with one side of the adsorbent module; the adsorbent module absorbs water vapor in the atmosphere, and desorbs and takes away the heat of the photovoltaic module by using the heat generated by the photovoltaic module; the attaching plate is attached to the adsorbent module, and the photovoltaic module conducts heat with the adsorbent module through the attaching plate. The evaporative cooling technology of the adsorbent is combined with a photovoltaic system, extra energy input and cooperative operation of auxiliary equipment are not needed, the benefits of reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic module and then improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency are achieved, and a new thought is provided for efficient utilization of renewable energy sources, especially photovoltaic power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of evaporative cooling and photovoltaic thermal management of adsorbents. Specifically, it relates to a detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on an adsorbent module. In particular, it relates to a detachable magnetic adsorption photovoltaic passive cooling device based on an adsorbent module. Background Art

[0002] The large-scale use of fossil fuels has promoted the prosperous development of human society. However, the massive emission of greenhouse gases has also brought severe challenges to the global ecological environment. Solar energy is the ultimate source of most energy on Earth and is the core of the future clean energy system. Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect and has developed rapidly in recent years. In 2023, the global average cost of photovoltaic power generation has dropped to $0.03 - $0.05 per kilowatt-hour, making it one of the cheapest power sources. However, the energy conversion efficiency of common commercial photovoltaic panels is usually only about 20%. Most of the unused solar energy accumulates in the form of heat, causing the temperature of the photovoltaic components to rise, thereby reducing their power generation efficiency. Existing research shows that for every one-degree increase in the temperature of photovoltaic components, the energy conversion efficiency will decrease by 0.4 - 0.5%. In addition, high temperatures will accelerate the deterioration of the materials of photovoltaic components, thus reducing their service life. Therefore, effective thermal management of photovoltaic systems is particularly important. However, simultaneously pursuing high-efficiency cooling, low material costs, and lightweight additional components remains a huge challenge.

[0003] Photovoltaic components usually rely on natural convection and thermal radiation to dissipate heat to the surrounding environment. To further reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic, active cooling or passive cooling methods are currently usually used to introduce additional cooling power. Although active cooling can meet the full utilization of electricity and heat, for most photovoltaic application scenarios, the collection of heat is unnecessary. Therefore, passive cooling that does not require additional energy input has more application prospects. In recent years, inspired by mammals and plants cooling themselves by evaporating sweat, evaporative cooling technology based on adsorbents has received much attention. The water vapor desorbed by the adsorbent has a high evaporation enthalpy and can efficiently dissipate heat to the environment. At the same time, the adsorbent regenerates its cooling capacity by adsorbing water vapor from the environment. Nevertheless, the evaporative cooling technology of adsorbents has not been fully studied in the field of photovoltaic thermal management.

[0004] The existing patent document with publication number CN108336167A discloses a solar photovoltaic module with radiation cooling function, including a solar photovoltaic substrate and a transparent radiation cooling coating, wherein the transparent radiation cooling coating is coated on the front surface of the solar photovoltaic substrate; the thickness of the transparent radiation cooling coating is 10 to 30 μm; the transparent radiation cooling coating includes a polymer resin, micron powder, a coating additive and a diluent; the micron powder includes any one or a combination of two of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and silicon dioxide (SiO2), and the particle size of the micron powder is 10 to 30 μm.

[0005] Some existing technical solutions are based on this technical route and are applied to the fields of electronic components, photovoltaic heat dissipation, etc. However, the existing technical solutions all adopt the solution of directly coating the adsorbent on the surface to be cooled. This technical solution is obviously not conducive to the transformation of existing photovoltaic equipment; at the same time, the adsorbent often has an extremely low thermal conductivity. Therefore, if the technical solution of directly combining the adsorbent with the heated surface is adopted, it is not conducive to the conduction of heat. Therefore, a technical solution that can quickly conduct heat should be developed. On the other hand, when the adsorbent encounters an unexpected situation, it cannot be disassembled and replaced in a simple and quick way, which will greatly affect the overall operating capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technical solution that can be quickly disassembled and replaced. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on an adsorbent module.

[0007] A detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on an adsorbent module provided by the present invention comprises a photovoltaic module, an attachment plate and an adsorbent module, wherein the back side of the photovoltaic module is connected to one side of the attachment plate, and the other side of the attachment plate is connected to one side of the adsorbent module;

[0008] The adsorbent module absorbs water vapor in the atmosphere, and the adsorbent module uses the heat generated by the photovoltaic module to desorb and take away the heat of the photovoltaic module;

[0009] The attachment plate is attached to the adsorbent module, and the photovoltaic component conducts heat with the adsorbent module through the attachment plate.

[0010] Preferably, the attachment plate comprises a metal attachment plate.

[0011] Preferably, the adsorbent module is connected to the attachment plate by magnetic attraction.

[0012] Preferably, the photovoltaic module is connected to the attachment plate via a thermally conductive adhesive.

[0013] Preferably, the adsorbent module includes a frame structure, a fin structure, and an adsorbent. The fin structure is disposed within the frame structure, and the adsorbent is filled in the fin structure.

[0014] Preferably, there are multiple adsorbent modules, and the multiple adsorbent modules form an adsorption bed.

[0015] Preferably, the fin structure includes multiple heat-conducting fins, and the multiple heat-conducting fins form a three-dimensional enhanced heat-dissipating fin structure.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes a packaging structure, and the packaging structure is attached to the side of the adsorbent module away from the attachment plate.

[0017] Preferably, the packaging structure and the adsorbent module are connected by a thermally conductive adhesive.

[0018] Preferably, the packaging structure includes multiple channels, and the multiple channels are interconnected to form a network.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. By combining the evaporative cooling technology of the adsorbent with the photovoltaic system, the present invention does not require the input of additional energy and the coordinated operation of auxiliary equipment, achieving the benefit of reducing the temperature of photovoltaic modules and thus improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency, providing a new idea for the efficient utilization of renewable energy, especially photovoltaic power generation;

[0021] 2. The adsorbent module of the present invention is magnetically connected to the photovoltaic module, realizing detachable and rapid assembly, greatly reducing the maintenance difficulty of the device under adverse conditions, and the magnetic connection method can also minimize the contact thermal resistance between the adsorbent module and the photovoltaic module to the greatest extent;

[0022] 3. By integrating multiple adsorbent modules together, the present invention has flexibility in quantity and size, and can achieve overall linear expansion and personalized customization by increasing or decreasing the number of adsorbent modules. At the same time, the modular design can also avoid overall failure caused by the failure of a certain local area;

[0023] 4. By integrating heat-conducting fins into the adsorbent module, the present invention realizes efficient heat conduction through needle-shaped high-heat-conducting fins, thereby greatly improving the internal heat conduction on the adsorbent side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] By reading the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent:

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram mainly showing the structure of the cooling device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram mainly showing the structure of the adsorbent module of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 The main structure diagram of the adsorbent module of the present invention is shown in FIG.

[0028] As shown in the figure:

[0029] Photovoltaic module 1 Adsorbent 301 Frame structure 303

[0030] Attachment board 2 Thermal fin 302 Packaging structure 4

[0031] Adsorbent module 3 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on an adsorbent module 3 provided according to the present invention includes a photovoltaic component 1, an attachment plate 2, an adsorbent module 3 and a packaging structure 4. The back of the photovoltaic component 1 is connected to the attachment plate 2, the bottom of the attachment plate 2 is connected to the adsorbent module 3, and the packaging structure 4 is tightly fitted under the adsorbent module 3.

[0034] When the cooling device is in high humidity and low temperature at night, the adsorbent module 3 attached to the back of the photovoltaic module 1 captures water vapor in the air to achieve regeneration of cooling capacity; when the cooling device is under sunlight, the photovoltaic module 1 converts the absorbed solar energy into electrical energy, and the accumulated heat promotes the desorption process of the adsorbent module 3. Water vapor with a high enthalpy of evaporation takes away a large amount of heat during the desorption process, achieving cooling of the photovoltaic module 1 and improving the power generation efficiency. The packaging structure 4 has a hydrophobic and breathable effect, isolating the adsorbent module 3 from water and dust in the environment, achieving effective packaging of the adsorbent module 3 while ensuring stable passive cooling of the adsorbent module 3.

[0035] Specifically, the attachment plate 2 is preferably a metal attachment plate, which is made of a metal with a relatively high thermal conductivity coefficient, facilitating the connection with the photovoltaic module 1 and the attachment to the adsorbent module 3, and at the same time making the heat conduction more uniform and sufficient. A feasible implementation is that one side of the metal attachment plate is tightly and quickly combined with the photovoltaic module 1 through a thermal conductive adhesive, and the other side of the metal attachment plate has strong magnetic adsorption sites for magnetic adsorption connection with the adsorbent module 3. In this way, the metal attachment plate and the photovoltaic module 1 form an integral body, which can be effectively and quickly combined with the adsorbent module 3. The detachable and rapid assembly is achieved through the magnetic adsorption connection method, greatly reducing the maintenance difficulty of the cooling device under adverse conditions. The magnetic adsorption connection method can also minimize the contact thermal resistance between the adsorbent module 3 and the photovoltaic module 1 to the greatest extent;

[0036] Specifically, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the adsorbent module 3 includes a frame structure 303, a fin structure, and an adsorbent 301. The fin structure is arranged within the frame structure 303, and the adsorbent 301 is filled in the fin structure. The frame structure 303 is made of hard materials such as metal and acrylic. The fin structure includes a plurality of heat-conducting fins 302, and the plurality of heat-conducting fins 302 form a three-dimensional enhanced heat dissipation fin structure, making the heat conduction of the adsorbent module 3 more uniform and avoiding insufficient desorption caused by the insufficient thermal conductivity coefficient of the adsorbent 301. The heat-conducting fins 302 are preferably needle-shaped heat-conducting fins. Compared with flat fins, the needle-shaped heat-conducting fins have a higher heat transfer efficiency at the same flow rate. At the same time, the dense arrangement of the needle-shaped heat-conducting fins provides a large heat transfer surface area within a limited space, which can significantly enhance the heat dissipation efficiency. The three-dimensional enhanced heat dissipation fin structure can be designed into various three-dimensional structures such as a serpentine structure, a conduit structure, and a mesh structure to enhance the heat dissipation conduction ability. The adsorbent 301 is preferably a high-performance adsorbent. The high-performance adsorbent is a type of material with adsorption characteristics. After being dried, the high-performance adsorbent is arranged in the fin structure of the adsorbent module 3. The size of the adsorbent module 3, the structure of the frame, and the number of heat-conducting fins 302 can be adjusted according to actual needs, so as to achieve personalized system customization and combination based on scenarios.

[0037] The present invention adopts an integrated modular design method to integrate multiple adsorbent modules 3 into an adsorption bed. The frame structure 303 can be a square frame surrounded by four sides. A three-dimensional enhanced heat dissipation fin structure formed by heat-conducting fins 302 is arranged in the square frame. The high-performance adsorbent is arranged in the three-dimensional enhanced heat dissipation fin structure of the adsorbent module 3 after drying. The size and number of the adsorbent module 3, the number of heat-conducting fins 302 and the structure of the frame can be adjusted according to actual needs. It has the flexibility of quantity and size, and can achieve overall linear expansion and personalized customization by increasing or reducing the number of adsorbent modules 3. At the same time, modular design can also avoid overall failure caused by failure of a certain local area. Among them, high-performance adsorbent is a specific type of adsorbent material, which has the characteristics of being able to capture atmospheric water vapor and not being cracked at the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panel. The specific type can be selected according to actual use requirements. The needle-shaped heat-conducting fins are integrated into the adsorption bed to achieve efficient heat conduction, thereby greatly improving the internal heat conduction on the side of the adsorbent 301. The adsorption bed integrates multiple adsorbent modules 3 and has a high adsorption capacity.

[0038] Specifically, the packaging structure 4 is attached to the side of the adsorbent module 3 away from the attachment plate 2, and the packaging structure 4 is connected to the adsorbent module 3 by a thermally conductive adhesive. The packaging structure 4 includes a plurality of channels, and the plurality of channels are interconnected to form a network. The abundant channels are hydrophobic and breathable, and the water vapor released from the adsorbent module 3 is transferred to the atmosphere. The packaging structure 4 preferably has a hydrophobic and breathable packaging material, which isolates the adsorbent module 3 from water and dust in the environment, realizes effective packaging of the adsorbent module 3, and ensures stable passive cooling of the adsorbent 301.

[0039] When the cooling device is in high humidity and low temperature at night, the high-performance adsorbent 301 attached to the back of the photovoltaic module 1 captures water vapor in the air to achieve regeneration of cooling capacity; when the cooling device is in sunlight, the photovoltaic module 1 converts the absorbed solar energy into electrical energy, and the heat accumulated by the photovoltaic module 1 promotes the desorption process of the high-performance adsorbent. The water vapor with a high evaporation enthalpy value takes away a large amount of heat during the desorption process, achieving cooling of the photovoltaic module 1 and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0040] After undergoing the adsorption and desorption cycle of the high-performance adsorbent, the released water vapor migrates into the atmosphere through the abundant pores of the packaging structure 4, without the need for additional energy input and the coordinated operation of auxiliary equipment. In addition, the components and modules of the cooling device of the present invention can be manufactured independently and modularly disassembled and assembled, which is suitable for the transformation and upgrading of the existing photovoltaic components 1.

[0041] On the basis of the basic solution of the evaporative cooling technology, the present invention further develops a quickly detachable magnetic alignment technology solution. The detachable and quick assembly of the cooling device is realized through the magnetic connection method, which greatly reduces the maintenance difficulty of the device under adverse conditions. The magnetic connection method can also minimize the contact thermal resistance between the adsorbent module 3 and the photovoltaic module 1. At the same time, the overall cooling device is modularly designed, and the overall linear expansion and personalized customization can be achieved by increasing or decreasing the number of adsorbent modules 3. The modular design can also avoid the overall failure caused by the failure of a certain local area. In terms of heat conduction in thermal design, the present invention integrates needle-shaped heat conducting fins into the adsorption bed, and realizes the efficient conduction of heat through the needle-shaped heat conducting fins, thereby greatly improving the internal heat conduction on the side of the adsorbent 301.

[0042] The present invention proposes a passive cooling technology solution that is more suitable for the retrofit of existing photovoltaics by means of a detachable magnetic alignment technology and a modular construction idea. The present invention can achieve photovoltaic cooling, temperature reduction and efficiency improvement. At the same time, the application of the modular construction and the magnetic alignment technology can reduce the maintenance difficulty.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0044] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on an adsorbent module, characterized in that: It includes a photovoltaic module, an attachment plate and an adsorbent module, wherein the back side of the photovoltaic module is connected to one side of the attachment plate, and the other side of the attachment plate is connected to one side of the adsorbent module; The adsorbent module absorbs water vapor in the atmosphere, and the adsorbent module uses the heat generated by the photovoltaic module to desorb and take away the heat of the photovoltaic module; The attachment plate is attached to the adsorbent module, and the photovoltaic component conducts heat with the adsorbent module through the attachment plate.

2. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on the adsorbent module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attachment plate includes a metal attachment plate.

3. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on the adsorbent module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorbent module is connected to the attachment plate through magnetic attraction.

4. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on the adsorbent module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is connected to the attachment plate via heat-conducting adhesive.

5. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on adsorbent module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorbent module comprises a frame structure, a fin structure and an adsorbent. The fin structure is arranged in the frame structure, and the adsorbent is filled in the fin structure.

6. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on adsorbent module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adsorbent modules include a plurality of modules, and the plurality of adsorbent modules form an adsorption bed.

7. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on adsorbent module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fin structure includes a plurality of heat-conducting fins, and the plurality of heat-conducting fins form a three-dimensional enhanced heat dissipation fin structure.

8. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on adsorbent module according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a packaging structure, which is attached to a side of the adsorbent module away from the attachment plate.

9. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on adsorbent module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The packaging structure is connected to the adsorbent module via a thermally conductive adhesive.

10. The detachable photovoltaic passive cooling device based on adsorbent module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The packaging structure includes a plurality of channels, and the plurality of channels are interconnected to form a mesh.

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