Light-energy-driven upper-paddle lower-trap leaf-catching and sand-intercepting land floating island laminated greening device and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-energy-driven land floating island laminated greening device with an upper paddle and a lower trap for catching leaves and intercepting sand. The light-energy-driven land floating island laminated greening device mainly comprises a hollow trap structure and a rotatable V-shaped paddle structure, the hollow well structure is mainly composed of a base and a multi-layer stacking frame. The rotatable V-shaped paddle structure is mainly composed of a supporting rod and a plurality of layers of rotatable V-shaped paddles. The hollow trap can be used for intercepting and storing silt and litter to form a soil aggregate, so that a soil matrix is provided for subsequent growth of arbors, and sufficient space is reserved; different types of vegetation are planted in the planting holes in the planting surface, and light can meet the requirements of each layer of vegetation through the light holes; herbs can be planted in the planting holes in the rotatable V-shaped paddle structure, and animals can inhabit in the artificial nests. In a word, the device has the advantages of being reasonable in design, simple in structure and easy to popularize, a multi-layer plant community is constructed, sediment and litter closure is achieved, rapid accumulation of vegetation biomass on the unit area driven by light energy is achieved, and natural restoration of mine ecology can be effectively accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mine ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a land floating island layered greening device for capturing leaves and intercepting sand with upper paddle and lower trap driven by light energy and its application. Background Art

[0002] Mine ecological restoration refers to the restoration of mining waste land to achieve the restoration of the damaged ecological environment and the sustainable utilization of land resources. The key to ecological damage caused by mine exploitation is land degradation, including changes in the physical and chemical properties of the waste land soil, loss of nutrients, and increase in toxic and harmful substances in the soil.

[0003] Currently, the improvement technologies for mine ecological soil in China mainly include physical, chemical, and biological improvement technologies. Common physical technical methods include the isolation method, the soil replacement method, etc. The isolation method refers to using impermeable materials such as cement and stone slabs to separate the contaminated soil or water and soil, preventing the spread of pollutants to the surrounding environment; the soil replacement method refers to transporting uncontaminated soil from other places for use. Chemical methods include the leaching method, the solidification and stabilization method, etc. The leaching method mainly leaches heavy metals in the soil through water or chemical reagents to promote the analysis of heavy metals and transfer them from the solid phase to the liquid phase; the solidification and stabilization method mainly inhibits or reduces the water solubility, mobility, and bioavailability of pollutants through chemical methods such as adding solidifying agents. Biological methods include phytoremediation, zooremediation, and microbial remediation, etc. Phytoremediation mainly improves the damaged mine ecological environment and modifies the physical and chemical properties of the soil by planting suitable and stable local species and exotic green plants on the surface of the abandoned mine to achieve the restoration purpose; zooremediation uses the life activities and physiological metabolism of soil animals and the microorganisms in their bodies to improve the properties of the abandoned mine soil; the microbial remediation technology mainly uses native microorganisms or artificially domesticated microorganisms to improve the soil quality through their own metabolic activities under suitable environmental conditions.

[0004] However, since soil improvement technologies involve complex physical, chemical, and biological processes, the currently used methods generally have problems such as single function, limited remediation effect, and high cost. For example, among physical methods, the scope of application of the isolation method is limited and is usually only applicable to cases where the soil is severely polluted and the pollutants in the soil are easy to migrate and decompose; for soil ecological remediation by the soil replacement and soil addition methods, the engineering volume is large, the investment is high, a large amount of manpower and new soil are required, and it is easy to cause problems such as the decline of the fertility of the original ecological soil. Among chemical methods, the leaching method is likely to affect soil fertility and may cause secondary pollution to groundwater; during the remediation process of the solidification chelation method, some complexes precipitate in the soil all year round and are difficult to discharge and remove, which is likely to cause secondary pollution to the soil, and usually other treatment methods need to be combined for remediation. Among biological methods, phytoremediation has a good remediation effect and low cost, but on abandoned mines, the growth process of plants is usually relatively slow, resulting in a long remediation cycle; for animal remediation and microbial remediation technologies, there is still little research in China at present, and their application models and treatment methods need to be further studied.

[0005] Due to the limitations of single remediation technologies, some scholars have currently proposed various combined remediation technologies to achieve better remediation effects. Common ones include physical-chemical combined remediation technologies, microbial-chemical combined remediation technologies, and plant-chemical combined remediation technologies, etc. However, since the synergistic combination of remediation technologies is an extremely complex biochemical process, its practical application is more restricted by environmental factors and has a higher operation difficulty. Currently, most research is still in the laboratory stage and there is no practical application.

[0006] In summary, there are various problems with current mine ecological restoration measures. Therefore, it is urgent to study effective, economical, and feasible technologies to restore abandoned mine lands and restore their natural ecological systems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a land floating island layered greening device and application of light energy-driven upper oar and lower trap for catching leaves and intercepting sand, which is reasonably designed, simple in structure, and easy to promote.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A land floating island stacked greening device that uses light energy to drive the upper paddle and lower trap to capture leaves and intercept sand, mainly including a hollow trap structure and a rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure; the hollow trap structure is mainly composed of a base and a multi-layer stacking frame installed on the base, and the multi-layer stacking frame surrounds to form a hollow trap with an inner hexagon; the base is provided with sand filtering holes and water passing holes, the upper surface of each layer of the stacking frame is a planting surface, and the planting surface is provided with planting holes and light passing holes; the rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure is mainly composed of a support rod and multiple layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles, the bottom of the support rod is set on the base inside the hollow trap, the upper part of the support rod extends out of the hollow trap, and multiple layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles are installed on the upper part of the support rod. Each layer of rotatable "V"-shaped paddle includes a pair of "V"-shaped paddle blades symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support rod. Each "V"-shaped paddle blade on each side includes two paddle blades staggered into a "V" shape, and each paddle blade is provided with planting holes and / or artificial nests.

[0010] The multi-layer stacking frame has three layers in total.

[0011] Each layer of the stacking frame is surrounded by six equal-sized trapezoidal plates connected end to end to form a hollow trap with an inner hexagon, and the layers of the stacking frames are connected by equal-height columns or vertical supports.

[0012] The upper surface of the trapezoidal plate is the planting surface, and the planting surface forms a 15° angle with the horizontal plane.

[0013] The multi-layer rotatable "V"-shaped paddles have three layers in total. The "V"-shaped paddle blades of the lower layer are larger than those of the upper layer, and the overall structure is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom.

[0014] Each "V"-shaped paddle blade on each side includes two paddle blades staggered 30 degrees into a "V" shape, and the "V"-shaped paddle blades of the lower layer are staggered 30 degrees from those of the upper layer to form a "V" shape.

[0015] Each paddle blade is provided with planting holes, and artificial nests are provided on the "V"-shaped paddle blades in the middle layer.

[0016] The sand filtering holes are located below the water passing holes, and the sand filtering holes are larger than the water passing holes.

[0017] Application of the above-mentioned land floating island stacked greening device that uses light energy to drive the upper paddle and lower trap to capture leaves and intercept sand in mine ecological restoration.

[0018] In view of the existing problems in current mine ecological restoration, the inventor has designed a land floating island layered greening device driven by light energy for capturing leaves and intercepting sand with an upper paddle and a lower trap, which mainly includes a hollow trap structure and a rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure; the hollow trap structure is mainly composed of a base and a multi-layer stacking frame installed on the base, and the multi-layer stacking frame surrounds to form a hollow trap with an inner hexagon; the base is provided with sand filtering holes and water passing holes, the upper surface of each layer of the stacking frame is a planting surface, and the planting surface is provided with planting holes and / or light-transmitting holes; the rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure is mainly composed of a support rod and multiple layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles, the bottom of the support rod is arranged on the base inside the hollow trap, the upper part of the support rod extends out of the hollow trap, and multiple layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles are installed on the upper part of the support rod. Each layer of rotatable "V"-shaped paddle includes a pair of "V"-shaped paddle blades symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support rod. Each "V"-shaped paddle blade on each side includes two paddle blades staggered into a "V" shape, and each paddle blade is provided with planting holes and / or artificial nests. Among them, substances such as sediment and litter can be intercepted and stored inside the hollow trap structure to form soil aggregates, providing a soil matrix and sufficient space for the growth of subsequent arbors; different types of mine restoration vegetation are planted in the planting holes on the planting surface according to the vegetation characteristics, and the light-transmitting holes enable the light to meet the light energy needs of each layer of vegetation, realizing light-driven photosynthesis of plants and biomass accumulation; the paddle blades on the rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure are provided with planting holes and can plant smaller herbs, and the artificial nests can provide habitats for animals, increasing biodiversity and effectively accelerating the process of biological succession. In short, the land floating island layered greening device driven by light energy for capturing leaves and intercepting sand with an upper paddle and a lower trap of the present invention has the characteristics of reasonable design, simple structure and easy promotion. It constructs a multi-level plant community, realizes the interception of sediment and litter, realizes the rapid accumulation of vegetation biomass per unit area driven by light energy, and can effectively accelerate the natural restoration process of mine ecology through a semi-artificial and semi-natural restoration method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the land floating island layered greening device driven by light energy for capturing leaves and intercepting sand with an upper paddle and a lower trap of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the planting surface in the land floating island layered greening device.

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram of the base in the land floating island layered greening device.

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram (top view) of the paddle blade in the land floating island layered greening device.

[0023] In the figure: 1 trapezoidal plate, 2 hollow trap, 3 artificial nest, 4 planting hole, 5 light-transmitting hole, 6 base, 7 ground nail, 8 sand-filtering hole, 9 water-passing hole, 10 support rod, 11 support frame, 12 paddle blade. Detailed implementation method

[0024] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the light energy-driven land floating island layered greening device for catching leaves and intercepting sand with an upper paddle and a lower trap of the present invention mainly includes a hollow trap structure and a rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure. Among them,

[0025] The hollow trap structure is mainly composed of a base and a multi-layer stacking frame installed on the base 6. In this example, the multi-layer stacking frame has three layers, and each layer of the stacking frame is surrounded by six equal-sized trapezoidal plates 1 connected end to end to form a hollow trap 2 with an inner hexagon (which can capture litter and intercept sediment). The stacking frames of each layer are connected by columns or vertical supports of the same height. The upper surface of the trapezoidal plate of each layer of the stacking frame is a planting surface, and its specific width, thickness, and height can be adjusted during installation according to actual needs. And the planting surface forms a 15° angle with the horizontal plane so that the device can receive light over a larger area, realizing the maximum utilization of light by plants, increasing the storage of light energy by vegetation, and facilitating the litter to fall into the trap to capture the litter. The planting surface is provided with planting holes 4 and / or light-transmitting holes 5. Plants are planted in the planting holes. Through the three-dimensional planting of multiple layers of plants, under the drive of light, the plants convert carbon dioxide and water into organic matter, realizing the maximum efficiency utilization of light per unit area, quickly accumulating organic matter, and accelerating the succession process of the ecosystem; the determination of the number and aperture of the light-transmitting holes is first based on the daily light amount received by different plants, and the required light transmittance of each layer of the planting surface is determined. Through the light transmittance formula: The light transmission ratio required to meet the light requirements of the plants on this layer is obtained. According to the light transmittance and the total area of the bottom plate, according to the formula The total area of the holes to be drilled is calculated, and then according to the assumed aperture, the number of light-transmitting holes required is calculated. Accordingly, the maximum efficiency of light transmission and the maximum area of light reception can be realized to meet the light requirements of each layer of plants.

[0026] During use, the hollow trap structure is perpendicular to the ground, and its base is provided with ground nails 7 to improve stability; during installation, first use a drilling machine to drill holes in the ground in advance and bury the ground nails so that the device can be fixed to the ground and will not fall down under the scouring of surface water flow and strong wind blowing on the slope. The base is provided with semi-circular sand-filtering holes 8 and circular water-passing holes 9. The sand-filtering holes are located below the water-passing holes, and the sand-filtering holes are larger than the water-passing holes. In this way, sediment can enter the trap through the base. The diameter of the water-passing holes is small, and when the water flow is large, smooth circulation of water flow and sediment at all levels can be realized.

[0027] The rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure mainly consists of a support rod 10 and multiple layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles. The bottom of the support rod is arranged on the middle part of the base in the hollow well through 4 support frames 11. The upper part of the support rod extends out of the hollow well, and multiple layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles are installed on the upper part of the support rod. In this example, there are three layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles. The "V"-shaped paddle blades of the lower layer are larger than those of the upper layer, presenting an overall structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. Each layer of rotatable "V"-shaped paddle includes a pair of "V"-shaped paddle blades symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support rod through rotatable connectors. Each side of the "V"-shaped paddle blade includes two paddle blades 12 that are staggered by 30 degrees to form a "V" shape. The "V"-shaped paddle blades of the lower layer are staggered by 30 degrees from those of the upper layer to form a "V" shape, that is, there are 4 paddle blades per layer, a total of 12, and the stagger angle between all adjacent paddle blades is 30°, so as to reduce the mutual occlusion of light and make full use of the light in the middle well area to achieve efficient utilization of light energy. There are 2-4 planting holes 4 on each paddle blade, and smaller herbs can be planted with light soil. There are artificial nests 3 on the "V"-shaped paddle blades in the middle layer, which can provide a place for birds and other animals to land and inhabit, attract the settlement of animals, increase biodiversity, and accelerate the process of ecological succession, so as to facilitate the acceleration of the restoration of the mine environment.

[0028] In summary, through the design of the light-transmitting holes and the formation of three-layer vegetation planting by the multi-layer stacking frame, the energy conversion rate per unit area can be effectively improved, the light-driven photosynthesis of plants and the biomass accumulation can be realized, and the light energy utilization rate per unit area of the multi-layer vegetation planting in the three-dimensional space can reach 1.5 times or more of the light energy utilization rate of the single-layer vegetation planting. The vegetation planted on the middle paddle blades utilizes part of the light in the hollow well, maximally utilizes the light energy per unit area, and effectively accelerates the energy conversion and organic matter accumulation per unit area. Through the planting of multi-layer vegetation in the three-dimensional space, the light-driven energy conversion of vegetation and the realization of organic matter accumulation are effectively achieved, laying a good foundation for the ecological system succession. In short, the present invention can capture the litter of the planted vegetation by using the hollow well structure, and the base can intercept soil particles through water filtration and sand filtration to form soil aggregates, providing a substrate for the growth of later vegetation; the artificial nests on the paddle blades can attract animals to settle, increase biodiversity, and realize the self-repair and sustainable development of the mine ecosystem through a semi-artificial and semi-natural restoration method.

Claims

1. A land floating island layered greening device for capturing leaves and intercepting sand with upper oars and lower traps driven by light energy, characterized in that It mainly includes a hollow trap structure and a rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure; the hollow trap structure is mainly composed of a base and a multi-layer stacking frame installed on the base, and the multi-layer stacking frame surrounds to form a hollow trap with an inner hexagon; the base is provided with sand filtering holes and water passing holes, the upper surface of each layer of the stacking frame is a planting surface, and the planting surface is provided with planting holes and / or light-transmitting holes; the rotatable "V"-shaped paddle structure is mainly composed of a support rod and multiple layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles, the bottom of the support rod is arranged on the base inside the hollow trap, the upper part of the support rod extends out of the hollow trap, and multiple layers of rotatable "V"-shaped paddles are installed on the upper part of the support rod. Each layer of rotatable "V"-shaped paddle includes a pair of "V"-shaped paddle blades symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support rod. Each "V"-shaped paddle blade on each side includes two paddle blades staggered into a "V" shape, and each paddle blade is provided with planting holes and / or artificial nests.

2. The land floating island stacked greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer stacking frame has three layers in total.

3. The land floating island layered greening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each layer of the stacking frame is surrounded by six equal-sized trapezoidal plates connected end to end to form a hollow trap with an inner hexagon, and adjacent layers of the stacking frames are connected by columns or vertical supports of equal height.

4. The land floating island layered greening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the trapezoidal plate is a planting surface, and the planting surface forms an angle of 15° with the horizontal plane.

5. The land floating island layered greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer rotatable "V"-shaped paddles have three layers in total. The "V"-shaped paddle blades of the lower layer are larger than those of the upper layer, showing an overall structure with a smaller upper part and a larger lower part.

6. The land floating island stacked greening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each "V"-shaped paddle blade on each side includes two paddle blades staggered 30 degrees into a "V" shape, and the "V"-shaped paddle blades of the lower layer are staggered 30 degrees from those of the upper layer to form a "V" shape.

7. The land floating island stacked greening device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each paddle blade is provided with a planting hole, and the middle layer of the "V"-shaped paddle blades is provided with artificial nests.

8. The land floating island layered greening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand filtering holes are located below the water passing holes, and the sand filtering holes are larger than the water passing holes.

9. Application of the land floating island layered greening device for capturing leaves and intercepting sand with upper paddles and lower traps driven by light energy according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in mine ecological restoration.

Images