Agricultural self-adaptive adjusting type sprinkling irrigation equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses agricultural self-adaptive adjusting type sprinkling irrigation equipment, and relates to the field of agricultural sprinkling irrigation, the agricultural self-adaptive adjusting type sprinkling irrigation equipment comprises motor and vehicle body assemblies, a supporting frame and a contraction and extension mechanism at the end of the supporting frame, the two motor and vehicle body assemblies are symmetrically distributed, and the supporting frame is fixedly mounted at the tops of the motor and vehicle body assemblies; the two ends of the contraction and extension mechanism are fixedly connected with the two motors and a supporting frame on the top of the vehicle body assembly correspondingly. The distance between the multiple spraying assemblies is adjusted by arranging the contraction and extension mechanism, in the actual use process, the distance is adjusted to solve the problem that traditional spray irrigation equipment cannot meet the requirements for different shapes of planting areas and different planting densities, it is guaranteed that the problems of water shortage and excessive irrigation of crops cannot occur, and the practicability is high. And in addition, the spraying assembly adopts a control system capable of conducting self-adaptive adjustment according to the states of the crops, and the overall adaptive capacity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural sprinkler irrigation, and particularly to an agricultural self - adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device. Background Art

[0002] A sprinkler irrigation device is a farm irrigation device that sprays pressurized water through a nozzle into the air and scatters it in the form of raindrops over the fields and crops.

[0003] For example, the "mobile greening sprinkler irrigation device with multi - angle adjustment" with the publication number CN118749400A includes a device main body. A moving roller is connected to the lower end of the device main body, and a push handle is fixed to the upper right end of the device main body. Moreover, a nozzle is rotatably connected to the upper end of the device main body. A sealing cover is installed inside the device main body, and a power roller is rotatably connected to the inner bottom end of the sealing cover. An air compression mechanism is arranged inside the sealing cover. The air compression mechanism includes a sealing pipe and a piston. The sealing pipe is fixed to the inner wall of the upper end of the sealing cover, and the piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sealing pipe. A gas storage bin is arranged at the lower end of the device main body.

[0004] However, in the prior art, due to the fixed layout of the nozzles of traditional agricultural sprinkler irrigation devices and the inability to adjust the spacing, if the shape of the planting area is irregular or the crop planting density is uneven, during actual sprinkler irrigation, in a farmland with a corner or a complex edge shape, the nozzles cannot effectively cover the corner areas, resulting in water shortage for the crops in these places. While in the area directly below the nozzles or in areas with a small spacing, water accumulation will occur due to water superposition, making the soil too wet and even causing root diseases. Eventually, some areas will be over - irrigated while some areas will be under - irrigated. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an agricultural self - adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device to solve the problems proposed in the above background art, that is, the nozzles cannot cover the corner areas, resulting in water shortage for the crops in these places, while in the area directly below the nozzles or in areas with a small spacing, water accumulation will occur due to water superposition, and eventually some areas will be over - irrigated while some areas will be under - irrigated.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an agricultural self - adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device, including a motor and a vehicle body assembly, a support frame and a contraction and extension mechanism at its end. The two motor and vehicle body assemblies are symmetrically distributed. The support frame is fixedly installed on the top of the motor and vehicle body assembly. The two ends of the contraction and extension mechanism are respectively fixedly connected to the support frames at the tops of the two motor and vehicle body assemblies;

[0007] The contraction and extension mechanism includes a guide plate and a movable plate sleeved outside it. A water delivery pipe is fixedly installed inside the support frame. Valves are fixedly connected to both ends of the water delivery pipe. One end of the movable plate and one end of the guide plate are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water delivery pipe. The water delivery pipe is distributed along the route of the support frame, the movable plate and the guide plate, and is specifically divided into three parts. Two of the parts are rigid pipes and are both inside the support frame, and the other part is a flexible pipe. This part of the pipe starts from one end of the movable plate and is arranged along the direction of the guide plate to the end of the guide plate away from the movable plate. Positioning holes are provided at the junction of the guide plate and the water delivery pipe. Accommodating grooves are provided on both sides of the positioning holes. The accommodating grooves are semicircular, and the accommodating grooves on both sides are arranged staggeredly. The positioning holes communicate with the accommodating grooves;

[0008] A connecting pipe is slidably connected to the lower surface of the guide plate. The connecting pipe is fixedly communicated with the water delivery pipe. A spraying assembly is fixedly communicated inside the connecting pipe. The spraying assembly includes a controller. The controller uses a control system to adjust the distance between multiple connecting pipes.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting block is fixedly installed on the top of one of the support frames. One end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a hollow shell in a horizontal state. A motor and a belt drive assembly are fixedly installed inside the hollow shell.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting gear is fixedly connected to one side of the pulley of the motor and the belt drive assembly. A toothed plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the movable plate. The toothed plate is meshed with the connecting gear. A through hole is provided at the junction of the movable plate and the guide plate.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting plate is fixedly installed at one end of the guide plate. The connecting plate is fixedly installed at the junction of the connecting block and the hollow shell by bolts. A blocking plate is fixedly installed at one end of the support frame. One end of the movable plate overlaps on one side of the blocking plate.

[0012] Preferably, a reinforcing rod is fixedly connected to one side of the blocking plate. The other end of the reinforcing rod is fixedly connected to a docking rod. The other end of the docking rod is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting plate.

[0013] Preferably, a positioning plate is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the docking rod. The connecting gear is rotatably installed on one side of the positioning plate. One side of the toothed plate overlaps on one side of the positioning plate.

[0014] Preferably, the spraying assembly includes a pressurizing pipe. The pressurizing pipe is communicated with the water delivery pipe through the provided connecting pipe.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the pressurization pipeline is fixedly connected to an atomizing nozzle through a water pump, and the controller is signal-connected to the motor and the belt drive assembly.

[0016] Preferably, the controller uses a control system, which includes a data acquisition and preprocessing module, a plant growth state evaluation module, and a nozzle spacing adjustment module:

[0017] The data acquisition and preprocessing module is used to collect farmland plant image information, including a high-definition camera unit, a lidar scanning unit, and a thermal imaging unit. The high-definition camera unit is used to capture the visual characteristics of the morphology, position, and density of plants. The thermal imaging unit is used to analyze local temperature anomalies. The thermal imager forms an image based on the thermal radiation characteristics of objects. Plants in different growth states and with different moisture contents show different temperature characteristics on the thermal imaging map, and local temperature anomalies caused by water shortage areas or pests and diseases are found. The lidar scanning unit is used to find water shortage areas;

[0018] The plant growth state evaluation module is used to analyze the image data obtained by the high-definition camera unit, and judge the growth trend of farmland plants by comparing the image data with the database, providing a key basis for the operation of the subsequent nozzle spacing adjustment module, including a growth state model construction unit and a growth stage dynamic recognition unit. The growth state model construction unit uses machine learning algorithms and deep learning frameworks to establish a model for multi-dimensional data of morphological characteristics and environmental parameters during the plant growth process. The growth stage dynamic recognition unit compares the image data with the model to realize the prediction and analysis of the growth state;

[0019] The nozzle spacing adjustment module is used to issue instructions to adjust the spacing of the spraying assembly.

[0020] Preferably, the nozzle spacing adjustment module includes a spacing adjustment rule establishment unit and an environmental factor dynamic correction unit;

[0021] The spacing adjustment rule establishment unit is used to set different scaling factors according to different growth states. The scaling factor range in the vigorous growth stage is between 0.7 and 0.8, and the scaling factor range in the slow growth or dormant stage is between 1.3 and 1.5. When adjusting, the distance to be adjusted is determined by multiplying the nozzle spacing value by the scaling factor;

[0022] The environmental factor dynamic correction unit is used to obtain real-time temperature, humidity, and soil humidity data and set correction factors according to the data provided by the high-definition camera unit and the thermal imaging unit. The correction factor range is between 0.8 and 0.9 when the environment is in a high-temperature and drought state, and the correction factor range is between 2.0 and 3.0 when it is raining continuously and the soil humidity is saturated.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. In the present invention, a contraction and extension mechanism is provided to adjust the distance between multiple spraying components. During actual use, by adjusting the distance, the problem that traditional sprinkler irrigation equipment cannot meet the requirements of different-shaped planting areas and different planting densities is solved, so as to ensure that there will be no problems of crop water shortage and over-irrigation, which plays a role in protecting crops. During actual use, the movable plate and the guiding plate respectively fix both ends of the hose, and by moving the movable plate to change the shape of the hose, the position of the connecting pipe is adjusted. Moreover, the structural stability of the spraying components can be ensured throughout the process, and the spraying components use a control system that can be adaptively adjusted according to the state of the crops, improving the overall adaptability.

[0025] 2. In the present invention, positioning holes and receiving grooves are provided inside the guiding plate to accommodate the water delivery pipe. During the movement of the movable plate, the water delivery pipe will be squeezed and deformed, and a part of the water delivery pipe will enter the receiving groove. Since the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the water delivery pipe, the change in the shape of the water delivery pipe will directly change the position of the connecting pipe. And because the water delivery pipe is located in the positioning hole, the connecting pipe can always be connected to the guiding plate.

[0026] 3. In the present invention, by acquiring the image information of the crops and the farmland, the accuracy of the command during the distance adjustment is improved, and the situation of information judgment error is avoided. The visual features and temperature features are obtained through the high-definition camera unit, the lidar scanning unit and the thermal imaging unit to ensure that the adjusted distance of the spacing is more in line with the needs of the crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a planar structural schematic diagram of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the distance adjustment change process of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a bottom structural schematic diagram of the contraction and extension mechanism of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a top structural schematic diagram of the contraction and extension mechanism of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the movable plate and the guide plate of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the planar structure of the connecting pipe of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the movable plate and the guide plate of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the system module of the controller of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the spacing adjustment control of an agricultural self-adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Motor and vehicle body assembly; 2. Support frame; 3. Connecting block; 4. Shrinking and extending mechanism; 5. Hollow shell; 6. Spraying assembly; 7. Water delivery pipeline; 8. Valve; 41. Reinforcing rod; 42. Docking rod; 43. Movable plate; 44. Guide plate; 45. Positioning plate; 46. Accommodating groove; 47. Connecting pipe; 48. Motor and belt drive assembly; 49. Baffle plate; 410. Connecting plate; 411. Positioning hole; 412. Tooth plate; 413. Connecting gear; 414. Through hole; 61. Controller; 62. Booster pipeline; 63. Atomizing nozzle; 64. Data acquisition and preprocessing module; 65. Plant growth state evaluation module; 66. Sprinkler head spacing adjustment module; 67. High-definition camera unit; 68. LiDAR scanning unit; 69. Thermal imaging unit; 610. Growth state model construction unit; 611. Growth stage dynamic recognition unit; 612. Spacing adjustment rule establishment unit; 613. Environmental factor dynamic correction unit. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown: An agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device, including a motor and a vehicle body assembly 1, a support frame 2 and a contraction and extension mechanism 4 at its end, two motor and vehicle body assemblies 1 are symmetrically distributed, the support frame 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the motor and vehicle body assembly 1, and both ends of the contraction and extension mechanism 4 are fixedly connected to the support frames 2 at the top of the two motor and vehicle body assemblies 1 respectively;

[0040] The contraction and extension mechanism 4 includes a guide plate 44 and a movable plate 43 sleeved outside it. A water delivery pipeline 7 is fixedly installed inside the support frame 2. Valves 8 are fixedly connected to both ends of the water delivery pipeline 7. One end of the movable plate 43 and one end of the guide plate 44 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water delivery pipeline 7. The water delivery pipeline 7 is distributed along the length directions of the support frame 2, the movable plate 43 and the guide plate 44, and is specifically divided into three parts. Two of the parts are rigid pipelines and are both inside the support frame 2, and the other part is a flexible hose. This part of the flexible hose starts from one end of the movable plate 43 and is arranged along the direction of the guide plate 44 to the end of the guide plate 44 away from the movable plate 43. Positioning holes 411 are opened at the junction of the guide plate 44 and the water delivery pipeline 7. Accommodating grooves 46 are arranged on both sides of the positioning holes 411. The accommodating grooves 46 are semi-circular, and the accommodating grooves 46 on both sides are arranged staggeredly. The positioning holes 411 are communicated with the accommodating grooves 46;

[0041] A connecting pipe 47 is slidably connected to the lower surface of the guide plate 44. The connecting pipe 47 is fixedly communicated with the water delivery pipeline 7, and a spraying assembly 6 is fixedly communicated inside the connecting pipe 47.

[0042] In this embodiment, the support frame 2 is erected on the two motor and vehicle body assemblies 1. A contraction and extension mechanism 4 is fixedly connected between the two support frames 2. A water delivery pipeline 7 is arranged along the paths of the support frame 2 and the contraction and extension mechanism 4. The water delivery pipeline 7 is communicated with an external water supply device through the valve 8. At the same time, multiple spraying assemblies 6 are communicated with the water delivery pipeline 7. The specific positions are restricted by the connecting pipe 47. The connecting pipe 47 is located on the lower surface of the guide plate 44 and is used to determine the positions of the spraying assemblies 6. When in use, the motor and vehicle body assembly 1 drives the contraction and extension mechanism 4 to move on the farmland through the support frame 2, so that the spraying assemblies 6 sprinkle water on the crops;

[0043] The contraction and extension mechanism 4 is mainly composed of a guide plate 44 and a movable plate 43. Among them, the movable plate 43 is sleeved on the guide plate 44, and one end of the guide plate 44 is fixedly connected to the connection block 3, ensuring its own structural stability. When it is necessary to adjust the spacing of the spraying assembly 6, the movable plate 43 moves along the direction of the guide plate 44, so as to compress the structure of the hose part of the water delivery pipeline 7. The water delivery pipeline 7 is distributed along the routes of the support frame 2, the movable plate 43 and the guide plate 44, and is specifically divided into three parts. Two of the parts are rigid pipelines and are both inside the support frame 2, and the middle part is a hose. This part of the hose is arranged from one end of the movable plate 43 along the direction of the guide plate 44 to the end of the guide plate 44 away from the movable plate 43;

[0044] Positioning holes 411 and receiving grooves 46 are provided on the lower surface of the guide plate 44 to determine the position of the water delivery pipeline 7. When the water delivery pipeline 7 is in a stretched state, it is completely located in the positioning holes 411. When the water delivery pipeline 7 is compressed by the movable plate 43, it will bend towards the receiving grooves 46. At this time, due to the change in shape, the water delivery pipeline 7 will synchronously drive the connecting pipe 47 to move together, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the spacing of the spraying assembly 6. The staggered receiving grooves 46 are in a wavy structure, which can ensure that the water delivery pipeline 7 can bend normally.

[0045] Embodiment 2: According to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a connection block 3 is fixedly installed on the top of one of the support frames 2. One end of the connection block 3 is fixedly connected to a hollow housing 5 in a horizontal state. An electric motor and a belt drive assembly 48 are fixedly installed inside the hollow housing 5. One side of the pulley of the electric motor and the belt drive assembly 48 is fixedly connected to a connection gear 413. A toothed plate 412 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the movable plate 43. The toothed plate 412 is meshed with the connection gear 413. A through hole 414 is provided at the junction of the movable plate 43 and the guide plate 44. One end of the guide plate 44 is fixedly installed with a connection plate 410. The connection plate 410 is fixedly installed at the junction of the connection block 3 and the hollow housing 5 by bolts. One end of the support frame 2 is fixedly installed with a blocking plate 49. One end of the movable plate 43 is lapped on one side of the blocking plate 49. One side of the blocking plate 49 is fixedly connected to a reinforcing rod 41. The other end of the reinforcing rod 41 is fixedly connected to a docking rod 42. The other end of the docking rod 42 is fixedly connected to one side of the connection plate 410. A positioning plate 45 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the docking rod 42. The connection gear 413 is rotatably installed on one side of the positioning plate 45. One side of the toothed plate 412 is lapped on one side of the positioning plate 45.

[0046] In this embodiment, the connecting block 3 is mainly used to dock with the hollow housing 5 to ensure the overall structural strength. The connecting plate 410 at the end of the guide plate 44 is fixedly installed at the junction of the hollow housing 5 and the connecting block 3, ensuring that the entire guide plate 44 is located below the reinforcing rod 41 and the docking rod 42. The presence of the reinforcing rod 41 and the docking rod 42 connects the two symmetrical support frames 2, making the overall structure in the form of a gantry, ensuring that this sprinkler equipment can be applied to large areas of farmland;

[0047] A blocking plate 49 is provided at the junction of the reinforcing rod 41 and the support frame 2. The blocking plate 49 is mainly used to determine the position of the movable plate 43 to prevent the movable plate 43 from detaching from the guide plate 44. A toothed plate 412 is provided on the upper surface of the movable plate 43, and the toothed plate 412 meshes with the connecting gear 413 on the side of the positioning plate 45;

[0048] The motor and belt drive assembly 48 drives the connecting gear 413. The rotation of the connecting gear 413 will push the movable plate 43 to move along the direction of the guide plate 44 through the toothed plate 412. The guide plate 44 will pass through the through hole 414 in the movable plate 43. During this process, the positioning plate 45 will not affect the movement of the toothed plate 412.

[0049] Embodiment Three: According to Figure 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the spraying assembly 6 includes a pressurizing pipeline 62 and a controller 61 fixedly installed on its exterior. The pressurizing pipeline 62 is connected to the water delivery pipeline 7 through a connecting pipe 47 provided. One end of the pressurizing pipeline 62 is fixedly connected to an atomizing nozzle 63 through a water pump, and the controller 61 is signal-connected to the motor and belt drive assembly 48;

[0050] The controller 61 uses a control system, which includes a data acquisition and preprocessing module 64, a plant growth status evaluation module 65, and a nozzle spacing adjustment module 66. The data acquisition and preprocessing module 64 is used to collect farmland plant image information, including a high-definition camera unit 67, a lidar scanning unit 68, and a thermal imaging unit 69. The high-definition camera unit 67 is used to capture the visual features of the morphology, position, and density of plants. The lidar scanning unit 68 is used to detect water-deficient areas. The thermal imaging unit 69 is used to analyze local temperature anomalies. The plant growth status evaluation module 65 is used to analyze the image data obtained by the high-definition camera unit 67, and judge the growth trend of farmland plants by comparing the image data with the database, providing a key basis for the operation of the subsequent nozzle spacing adjustment module 66, including a growth status model construction unit 610 and a growth stage dynamic recognition unit 611. Machine learning algorithms (such as regression models, decision trees, etc.) and deep learning frameworks (such as convolutional neural network CNN, recurrent neural network RNN / LSTM) are used to establish models for multi-dimensional data (such as morphological features, environmental parameters) during the plant growth process. The growth stage dynamic recognition unit 611 compares the image data with the model to realize the prediction and analysis of the growth status;

[0051] The nozzle spacing adjustment module 66 is used to issue instructions to adjust the spacing of the spraying components 6. The nozzle spacing adjustment module 66 includes a spacing adjustment rule establishment unit 612 and an environmental factor dynamic correction unit 613. The spacing adjustment rule establishment unit 612 is used to set different scaling factors according to different growth states. The scaling factor range in the vigorous growth stage is between 0.7 and 0.8, and the scaling factor range in the slow growth or dormant stage is between 1.3 and 1.5. When adjusting, the nozzle spacing value is multiplied by the scaling factor to determine the adjustment distance. The environmental factor dynamic correction unit 613 is used to obtain the temperature, humidity, and soil humidity data in real time and set the correction factor according to the data provided by the high-definition camera unit 67 and the thermal imaging unit 69. The correction factor range is between 0.8 and 0.9 when the environment is in a high-temperature and drought state, and the correction factor range is between 2.0 and 3.0 when it is continuously raining and the soil humidity is in a saturated state.

[0052] In this embodiment, each spraying component 6 is configured with a controller 61. The pressurized pipeline 62 is fixedly connected to the water delivery pipeline 7. The pressurized pipeline 62 is built inside the connecting pipe 47 to protect the pressurized pipeline 62 through the connecting pipe 47. The liquid is input into the pressurized pipeline 62 through the water delivery pipeline 7, pressurized by the water pump, and then sprayed onto the crops from the atomizing nozzle 63 to complete the sprinkler irrigation;

[0053] The lidar in the lidar scanning unit 68 is installed on the motor and vehicle body assembly 1, which is used to emit laser beams and measure the time delay of the reflected light, generate three-dimensional point cloud data, depict the terrain of the farmland and the height and volume distribution of plants, judge the spatial layout of the plant community, identify the plant spacing of crops. The thermal imager of the thermal imaging unit 69 forms an image based on the thermal radiation characteristics of the object. Plants in different growth states and with different moisture contents show different temperature characteristics on the thermal image;

[0054] The plant growth state evaluation module 65 is composed of a growth state model construction unit 610 and a growth stage dynamic recognition unit 611. The growth state model construction unit 610 is used to pre-train and construct a plant growth state model, which is trained with a large amount of historical data, covering data corresponding to plants in different growth stages and health conditions, and setting category labels for the plant growth state, including vigorous growth, normal growth, slow growth, and pest and disease invasion;

[0055] The growth stage dynamic recognition unit 611 continuously tracks the plant growth process according to time series analysis combined with the plant growth cycle, and compares the current morphological characteristics and environmental conditions of the plant with the growth stage model library. Among them, the data of morphological characteristics and environmental conditions are provided by the visual characteristics captured by the high-definition camera unit 67, and the data of the growth stage model library are provided by the growth state model construction unit 610;

[0056] The spacing adjustment rule establishment unit 612 is also applicable to drug spraying. The scaling factor range in the mild pest and disease stage is between 1.1 and 1.2, and the scaling factor range in the severe pest and disease stage is between 0.9 and 1.0.

[0057] The usage method and working principle of this device: When in use, the water delivery pipeline 7 is connected to an external water supply device through a valve 8. The motor and vehicle body assembly 1 drives the contraction and extension mechanism 4 to move on the farmland through the support frame 2, and the spraying component 6 sprays and irrigates the crops;

[0058] During the movement, the controller 61 in the spraying component 6 will distinguish the farmland environment and plant state through the data acquisition and preprocessing module 64 and the plant growth state evaluation module 65, and feed the data back to the nozzle spacing adjustment module 66 to calculate the adjustment distance according to the data comparison. See the appendix Figure 10 The controller 61 sends a signal to the motor and belt drive assembly 48;

[0059] The motor and the belt drive assembly 48 drive the connecting gear 413, and drive the movable plate 43 to move along the direction of the guide plate 44 through the toothed plate 412. The guide plate 44 will pass through the through hole 414 in the movable plate 43. The lower surface of the guide plate 44 is provided with a positioning hole 411 and a receiving groove 46 to determine the position of the water delivery pipe 7. When the water delivery pipe 7 is in a stretched state, it will be completely located in the positioning hole 411. When the water delivery pipe 7 is compressed by the movable plate 43, it will bend towards the receiving groove 46. At this time, due to the change in shape, the water delivery pipe 7 will drive the connecting pipe 47 to move synchronously, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the spacing of the spraying assembly 6;

[0060] The guide plate 44 is entirely located below the reinforcing rod 41 and the docking rod 42. The presence of the reinforcing rod 41 and the docking rod 42 connects the two symmetrical support frames 2, presenting an overall gantry structure, ensuring that this sprinkler equipment can be applied to large-area farmland.

[0061] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device, characterized in that: It includes a motor and a vehicle body assembly (1), a support frame (2), and a contraction and extension mechanism (4) at its end heads. The two motor and vehicle body assemblies (1) are symmetrically distributed. The support frame (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the motor and vehicle body assembly (1). The two ends of the contraction and extension mechanism (4) are respectively fixedly connected to the two support frames (2); The contraction and extension mechanism (4) includes a guide plate (44) and a movable plate (43) sleeved outside it. A water delivery pipe (7) is fixedly installed inside the support frame (2). Valves (8) are fixedly connected to both ends of the water delivery pipe (7). One end of the movable plate (43) and one end of the guide plate (44) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water delivery pipe (7). The water delivery pipe (7) is distributed along the length directions of the support frame (2), the movable plate (43), and the guide plate (44), and is specifically divided into three parts. Two of the parts are rigid pipes and are both inside the support frame (2), and the other part is a flexible pipe. This part of the flexible pipe is arranged from one end of the movable plate (43) along the direction of the guide plate (44) to the end of the guide plate (44) away from the movable plate (43). A positioning hole (411) is opened at the junction of the guide plate (44) and the water delivery pipe (7). On both sides of the positioning hole (411), semi-circular receiving grooves (46) are provided, and the receiving grooves (46) on both sides are arranged staggeredly. The positioning hole (411) is communicated with the receiving grooves (46); A plurality of connecting pipes (47) are slidably connected to the lower surface of the guide plate (44). The connecting pipes (47) are fixedly communicated with the water delivery pipe (7). A spraying assembly (6) is fixedly communicated inside the connecting pipe (47). The spraying assembly (6) includes a controller (61). The controller (61) uses a control system for adjusting the distance between the plurality of connecting pipes (47).

2. The agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting block (3) is fixedly installed on the top of one of the support frames (2). One end of the connecting block (3) is fixedly connected to a hollow housing (5) horizontally. A motor and belt drive assembly (48) is fixedly installed inside the hollow housing (5).

3. An agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the pulley of the motor and belt drive assembly (48) is fixedly connected to a connecting gear (413). A toothed plate (412) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the movable plate (43). The toothed plate (412) meshes with the connecting gear (413). A through hole (414) is opened at the junction of the movable plate (43) and the guide plate (44).

4. An agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the guide plate (44) is fixedly installed with a connecting plate (410). The connecting plate (410) is fixedly installed at the junction of the connecting block (3) and the hollow housing (5) by bolts. One end of the other support frame (2) is fixedly installed with a blocking plate (49). One end of the movable plate (43) is lapped on one side of the blocking plate (49).

5. An agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the baffle plate (49) is fixedly connected with a reinforcing rod (41), the other end of the reinforcing rod (41) is fixedly connected with a docking rod (42), and the other end of the docking rod (42) is fixedly connected to one side of the connection plate (410).

6. The agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A positioning plate (45) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the docking rod (42), and the engagement gear (413) is rotatably installed on one side of the positioning plate (45).

7. An agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spraying assembly (6) includes a pressurization pipeline (62), and the pressurization pipeline (62) is communicated with the water delivery pipeline (7) through a provided connection pipe (47).

8. An agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the pressurization pipeline (62) is fixedly communicated with an atomizing nozzle (63) through a water pump, and the controller (61) is in signal connection with the motor and the belt drive assembly (48).

9. The agricultural adaptive adjustable sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A control system used by the controller (61), the system includes a data acquisition and preprocessing module (64), a plant growth state evaluation module (65) and a nozzle spacing adjustment module (66); The data acquisition and preprocessing module (64) is used to collect farmland plant image information, including a high-definition camera unit (67), a lidar scanning unit (68) and a thermal imaging unit (69). The high-definition camera unit (67) is used to capture the visual characteristics of the shape, position and density of plants. The lidar scanning unit (68) is used to discover water-deficient areas, and the thermal imaging unit (69) is used to analyze local temperature anomalies; The plant growth state evaluation module (65) is used to analyze the image data obtained by the high-definition camera unit (67), and judge the growth trend of farmland plants by comparing the image data with the database, providing a key basis for the subsequent operation of the nozzle spacing adjustment module (66), including a growth state model construction unit (610) and a growth stage dynamic recognition unit (611). The growth state model construction unit (610) uses machine learning algorithms and deep learning frameworks to establish a model for multi-dimensional data of morphological characteristics and environmental parameters during the plant growth process. The growth stage dynamic recognition unit (611) compares the image data with the model to realize the prediction and analysis of the growth state; The nozzle spacing adjustment module (66) is used to issue an instruction to adjust the spacing of the spraying assembly (6).

10. The agricultural adaptive adjustment type sprinkler irrigation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The nozzle spacing adjustment module (66) includes a spacing adjustment rule establishment unit (612) and an environmental factor dynamic correction unit (613); The spacing adjustment rule establishment unit (612) is used to set different scaling factors according to different growth states. The scaling factor range in the vigorous growth stage is between 0.7 and 0.8, and the scaling factor range in the slow growth or dormant stage is between 1.3 and 1.

5. When adjusting, the distance to be adjusted is determined by multiplying the nozzle spacing value by the scaling factor; The environmental factor dynamic correction unit (613) is used to obtain temperature, humidity and soil humidity data in real time according to the data provided by the high-definition camera unit (67) and the thermal imaging unit (69), and set a correction factor. When the environment is in a high-temperature and drought state, the correction factor ranges between 0.8 and 0.

9. When there is continuous rainfall and the soil humidity is in a saturated state, the correction factor ranges between 2.0 and 3.0.

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