Three-line cross breeding method for clustered pod pepper

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-line crossbreeding method for clustered pod pepper, which comprises the following steps: breeding by using a three-line method, the three-line method is characterized in that a three-line crossbreeding matching system is carried out by using a sterile line, a maintainer line and a restorer line, the restorer line is used as a male parent, the sterile line is used as a female parent, hybridization is carried out, and seeds harvested on sterile plants are hybrid seeds; the maintainer line is used as a male parent, the sterile line is used as a female parent, hybridization is performed, seeds harvested on the sterile line are still the sterile line, and the sterile line continues to breed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pepper breeding, and more specifically, it relates to a method for three-line cross breeding of clustered upright peppers. Background Art

[0002] Upright peppers belong to the genus Capsicum of the Solanaceae family, and are a general term for a type of pepper whose fruits grow upright (upward or obliquely upward). Its characteristics are small pepper fruits, high spiciness, suitable for drying, and can be used both as fresh food, pickled, and as dried peppers. It is an excellent fresh food and processed vegetable, widely loved by the common people, and is one of the characteristic vegetable varieties in many regions. Clustered upright peppers get their name because their fruits grow in clusters. In recent years, the proportion of the cultivation area of clustered upright peppers in the national pepper cultivation area has been increasing year by year, and the planting area of upright peppers in Henan Province ranks first in the country. Upright peppers are a facultative cross-pollinated plant with obvious heterosis. At present, the main ways to utilize heterosis in upright peppers are the "three-line method", the "two-line method" and the conventional cross-breeding method. In the conventional cross-breeding method, the female parent needs to be emasculated, and in the two-line method, half of the female parent needs to be removed, while the three-line method completely avoids these operations, greatly improving the breeding efficiency and seed purity, and can also effectively protect independent intellectual property rights. In the situation where it is difficult to find labor and the cost is increasing year by year, it has a good application prospect. It is the most economical way to utilize heterosis in upright peppers and also the most effective way for hybrid seed production in China at present. Due to the clustered growth of flowers in clustered upright peppers and the relatively small flower organs, conventional cross-pollination is more difficult than that of fresh food peppers, and the flower organs are more easily damaged, which affects the seed setting rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for three-line cross breeding of clustered upright peppers to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] (2) Technical Solutions

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for three-line cross breeding of clustered upright peppers, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: A method for obtaining the restorer line and maintainer line of upright peppers. Through the self-crossing and generation-advancing method, inbred pure lines are obtained after many years, and it is identified whether it is a restorer line or a maintainer line;

[0008] Step 2: Obtaining the sterile line. Sterile plants naturally separated are found in the field, backcrossed with the maintainer line, and the sterile plants are selected from the offspring to continue backcrossing with the recurrent parent until the sterility rate of the offspring reaches 100%, which is the sterile line;

[0009] Step 3: Using the sterile line as the female parent and the restorer line as the male parent for hybridization, and the seeds harvested from the sterile line plants are the hybrid seeds.

[0010] (III) Beneficial effects

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for three-line cross breeding of clustered upward-pointing chili peppers, having the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The three-line method of the present invention refers to a three-line hybrid matching system using a sterile line, a maintainer line, and a restorer line. The restorer line is used as the male parent, and the sterile line is used as the female parent for hybridization. The seeds harvested from the sterile plants are hybrid seeds; the maintainer line is used as the male parent, and the sterile line is used as the female parent for hybridization. The seeds harvested from the sterile line are still the sterile line, enabling the sterile line to continue to reproduce. It has the following advantages: enriching germplasm resources, improving breeding efficiency, reducing labor costs, and ensuring seed purity. Specific implementation manners

[0013] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0014] It should be pointed out that unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0015] A method for three-line cross breeding of clustered upward-pointing chili peppers includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: A method for obtaining the restorer line and maintainer line of upward-pointing chili peppers. Through the self-crossing and generation-advancing method, inbred pure lines are obtained after many years, and it is identified whether it is a restorer line or a maintainer line;

[0017] Step 2: Obtaining a sterile line. Sterile plants naturally separated are found in the field, backcrossed with the maintainer line, and the sterile plants selected from the offspring are continuously backcrossed with the recurrent parent until the sterility rate of the offspring reaches 100%, which is the sterile line;

[0018] Step 3: Using the sterile line as the female parent and the restorer line as the male parent for hybridization. The seeds harvested from the sterile line plants are hybrid seeds.

[0019] The following is an example:

[0020] Breeding of Yuying No. 6: Yuying No. 6 is a three-line hybrid. The sterile line is PC34193A, the restorer line is PC495-10-13, and the maintainer line is PC34193B. Among them, the maintainer line is derived from Liangyuan 8. The excellent individual plants are selected from Liangyuan 8 and then self-crossed and purified. Finally, it is numbered PC34-19-3. The sterile plant line is derived from the sterile plants in the separated population of Korean hot peppers. From 2012 to 2015, it went through multiple generations of backcrossing and finally formed a stable sterile line with a sterility rate of 100%, numbered PC34-19-3A. According to the requirements of new variety protection naming, the name of the sterile line is simplified to PC34193A. The restorer line is derived from Beike 20, numbered PC495. From 2012 to 2016, it went through agronomic trait identification and purification, and the inbred line with restorer genes was selected, which can ensure 100% restoration of the hybrid. Finally, the number is PC495-10-13. In 2016, the combination PC34193A×PC495-10-13 was assembled. Through comparative tests, it showed high yield, disease resistance, good commodity properties, and outstanding comprehensive traits, and was named Yuying No. 6.

[0021] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for three-line cross breeding of clustered upward-pointing chili peppers, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: Step 1: Method for obtaining the restorer and maintainer lines of chili pepper, through self-pollination and generation, after many years of obtaining the pure inbred lines, and identify whether it is the restorer or maintainer line; Step 2: Obtain the sterile line. Naturally isolated sterile plants are found in the field and backcrossed with the maintainer line. The sterile plants of the offspring are selected and backcrossed with the recurrent parent until the sterility rate of the offspring reaches 100%, which is the sterile line. Step 3: Use the sterile line as the female parent and the restorer line as the male parent for hybridization. The seeds harvested from the sterile line plants are the hybrids.