Production device for extracting polysaccharide by three-phase extraction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a production device for extracting polysaccharide by a three-phase extraction method, which comprises a conical extraction tank (1), the upper top surface of the extraction tank (1) extends upwards axially to form a circle of separation pipe (2) concentric with the extraction tank (1), and the top of the separation pipe (2) is provided with a top cover (3) which can be matched with the separation pipe (2) in a sealing and screwing way; a separating plate (4) capable of being matched with a piston of the separating pipe (2) is arranged in the separating pipe (2), a piston rod (5) is installed on the upper top face of the separating plate (4), the upper end of the piston rod (5) extends out of a top cover (3) in sliding fit with the piston rod (5), and an upper liquid separator is arranged between the separating plate (4) and the piston rod (5). And a lower liquid separator communicated with the interior of the extraction tank (1) is mounted at the bottom of the extraction tank (1). The device is simple in structure, liquid discharging and liquid discharging can be achieved only through up-and-down back-and-forth movement of the separation disc, redundant operation and steps are not needed, the operation steps are simplified, and accurate extraction of polysaccharide is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to polysaccharide extraction equipment, and in particular to a production device for extracting polysaccharides using a three-phase extraction method. Background Art

[0002] Compared with traditional methods, three-phase extraction technology is an emerging simple, rapid, efficient, low-cost, non-chromatographic separation technology. Three-phase extraction usually consists of a certain amount of inorganic salts (such as (NH4)2SO4), a crude extract containing proteins and a certain amount of organic solvents (such as tert-butanol). Pigments, lipids, inhibitors and hydrophobic compounds are enriched in the upper phase, i.e., the tert-butanol phase, the middle phase is mainly enriched proteins or enzymes, and sugars and other hydrophilic substances are concentrated in the lower aqueous phase, i.e., the ammonium sulfate phase. The formation of the above three phases is mainly related to the ionic strength, kosmotropy, surface tension enhancement and osmotic stress of the salt. Due to its mild liquid phase environment, it plays a vital role in the separation and purification of bioactive substances. However, due to the complicated operating steps of the three-phase extraction technology, its mass production has also been greatly restricted. In order to solve this problem, the National Intellectual Property Office published a patent application with number "202111226597.8" on December 24, 2021. The core of the "A production device for extracting maca polysaccharides by three-phase extraction method" is to use a "separation disk 18" to solve the problem of stratification and isolation of the mixed liquid, but its overall working steps are still relatively large. Its working steps are "The high-pressure gas generated by the air pump 12 is introduced into the interior of the connecting pipe 11 along the air guide hose 14, and then introduced into the interior of the separation disk 18 through the connecting pipe 11. At this time, under the action of the high-pressure air, the rubber sleeve 24 expands inward, thereby closing the through holes on the outer surface of the separation disk 18, and then opening Open the solenoid valve on the designated discharge pipe 8, and continue to start the AC motor 15, so that the separation disc 18 moves downward to discharge the bottom layer of liquid from the separator 3. After the bottom layer of liquid is discharged, open the solenoid valve at the upper end of the connecting pipe 11. At this time, the internal air pressure of the separation disc 18 is restored, the rubber sleeve 24 shrinks, and the through holes on the outer surface of the separation disc 18 are reopened. The discharge of liquid after a single layer needs to rely on the coordinated operation of the solenoid valve, the air pump, etc., which obviously has the suspicion of technical stacking with simple functions and complicated functions. Therefore, a separation disc is required to be able to move to the designated layering position without unnecessary operation to discharge and drain the liquid. In other words, the separation disc only needs a back and forth movement up and down to achieve discharge and drainage. This is the key to simplifying the operating steps and accurate extraction. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method, which can effectively solve the problems existing in the background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the background art, it includes a conical extraction tank 1. A concentric separation tube 2 extends axially upward from the upper top surface of the extraction tank 1. A top cover 3 that can be hermetically screwed and fitted with it is provided at the top of the separation tube 2. A separation plate 4 that can be piston-fitted with it is arranged inside the separation tube 2. A piston rod 5 is installed on the upper top surface of the separation plate 4. The upper end of the piston rod 5 extends out of the top cover 3 that is slidably fitted with it. An upper liquid separator is arranged between the separation plate 4 and the piston rod 5. A lower liquid separator that is communicated with its interior is installed at the bottom of the extraction tank 1; The upper liquid separator includes a piston chamber 6 located inside the separation plate 4. A first piston head 7 that can be piston-fitted with it is arranged inside the piston chamber 6. An upper liquid outlet 8 that is concentric with it extends downward through the bottom of the piston chamber 6. The diameter of the upper liquid outlet 8 is smaller than the diameter of the piston chamber 6. An upper liquid outlet pipe 9 that is communicated with its interior is provided at the top of the piston chamber 6. The top of the upper liquid outlet pipe 9 extends out of the piston rod 5. A first piston rod 10 is fixedly installed on the upper top surface of the first piston head 7. The upper end of the first piston rod 10 extends into the upper liquid outlet pipe 9 to be butted against a second piston head 11. The second piston head 11 is in clearance sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper liquid outlet pipe 9. A number of first upper liquid through holes 12 in an annular array are formed through the first piston head 7. A number of second upper liquid through holes 13 in an annular array are formed through the second piston head 11. A first spring 14 is sleeved on the first piston rod 10. The upper and lower ends of the first spring 14 are respectively abutted between the inner wall of the piston chamber 6 and the first piston head 7. The end of the first upper liquid through hole 12 is directly abutted against the edge of the end of the piston chamber 6 under the drive of the first spring 14.

[0005] The lower liquid separator comprises a hollow lower liquid outlet pipe 15, a second piston rod 16 is arranged inside the lower liquid outlet pipe 15, a fixed cover 22 is extended from the upper end of the second piston rod 16, and the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 is connected with the end cover 17 which can be sealed and buckled on the end of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15, the lower end of the second piston rod 16 extends the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 and connects with the piston plate 18, and the piston plate 18 is provided with a plurality of first lower liquid outlet holes 19 in an annular array, a valve block 20 is fixedly installed in the middle of the second piston rod 16, and the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 is provided with a plurality of second lower liquid outlet holes 21 on the outer circumferential surface inside the extraction tank 1 The fixed cover 22 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15, and an air pipe 23 is radially fixedly installed on one side of the fixed cover 22. The upper end of the air pipe 23 is flush with the lower liquid outlet pipe 15, and the lower end of the air pipe 23 extends out of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 through the valve block 20 that slides with the clearance therewith. The second piston rod 16 is sleeved with a second spring 24, and the second spring 24 is pressed between the lower end of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 and the piston plate 18. Under the elastic action of the second spring 24, the end cover 17 is completely sealed and buckled on the ends of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 and the air pipe 23, and the valve block 20 also completely blocks the second lower liquid outlet hole 21.

[0006] The top of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 is sleeved with a lower liquid connecting pipe 25 that can cooperate with the piston of the piston plate 18.

[0007] A handle bar 26 for driving the separation plate 4 up and down is provided on the top of the piston rod 5 .

[0008] The bottom surface of the separation plate 4 is an arc-shaped structure that is arc-shaped and concave upward.

[0009] The outer circumferential surface of the separation plate 4 is provided with a plurality of first rubber ring grooves, in which the first rubber ring 27 which can be interference-fitted with the inner wall of the separation tube 2 is sleeved.

[0010] A plurality of second rubber ring grooves are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the first piston head 7 , and a second rubber ring 28 which can be interference-fitted with the inner wall of the piston cavity 6 is sleeved in the second rubber ring groove.

[0011] A third rubber ring groove is arranged around the lower bottom surface of the first upper liquid through hole 12 and is concentric therewith. A third rubber ring 29 is sleeved in the third rubber ring groove and can directly press against the bottom surface of the piston chamber 6 .

[0012] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: simple structure, the separation disc can release and drain liquid with only one up and down movement, no redundant operations and steps are required, and the operation steps and accurate extraction of polysaccharides are simplified. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of Figure 3 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the specific implementation manner in the present invention. Specific implementation manner

[0015] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Refer to Figures 1-3 , this specific implementation manner is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. It includes a conical extraction tank 1. A concentric separation tube 2 extending axially upward is provided at the upper top surface of the extraction tank 1. A top cover 3 that can be hermetically screwed and fitted with it is provided at the top of the separation tube 2. A separation plate 4 that can be piston-fitted with it is provided inside the separation tube 2. A piston rod 5 is installed at the upper top surface of the separation plate 4. The upper end of the piston rod 5 extends out of the top cover 3 that is slidably fitted with it. An upper liquid separator is provided between the separation plate 4 and the piston rod 5. A lower liquid separator communicating with the inside of the extraction tank 1 is installed at the bottom of the extraction tank 1; The upper liquid separator comprises a piston chamber 6 located inside the separation plate 4, the interior of the piston chamber 6 is provided with a first piston head 7 which can cooperate with the piston, the bottom of the piston chamber 6 extends downward through an upper liquid outlet 8 which is concentric with the piston chamber 6, the diameter of the upper liquid outlet 8 is smaller than the diameter of the piston chamber 6, the top of the piston chamber 6 is provided with an upper liquid outlet pipe 9 which is in communication with the interior, and the top of the upper liquid outlet pipe 9 extends a piston rod 5, A first piston rod 10 is fixedly installed on the upper top surface of the first piston head 7, and the upper end of the first piston rod 10 extends into the upper liquid outlet pipe 9 and docks with the second piston head 11. The second piston head 11 slides with the inner wall gap of the upper liquid outlet pipe 9. The first piston head 7 is provided with a plurality of first upper liquid through holes 12 in an annular array, and the second piston head 11 is provided with a plurality of second upper liquid through holes 13 in an annular array. The first piston rod 10 is sleeved with a first spring 14, and the upper and lower ends of the first spring 14 are respectively pressed between the inner wall of the piston cavity 6 and the first piston head 7. Driven by the first spring 14, the end of the first upper liquid through hole 12 is directly pressed against the end edge of the piston cavity 6.

[0017] The lower liquid separator comprises a hollow lower liquid outlet pipe 15, a second piston rod 16 is arranged inside the lower liquid outlet pipe 15, a fixed cover 22 is extended from the upper end of the second piston rod 16, and the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 is connected with the end cover 17 which can be sealed and buckled on the end of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15, the lower end of the second piston rod 16 extends the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 and connects with the piston plate 18, and the piston plate 18 is provided with a plurality of first lower liquid outlet holes 19 in an annular array, a valve block 20 is fixedly installed in the middle of the second piston rod 16, and the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 is provided with a plurality of second lower liquid outlet holes 21 on the outer circumferential surface inside the extraction tank 1 The fixed cover 22 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15, and an air pipe 23 is radially fixedly installed on one side of the fixed cover 22. The upper end of the air pipe 23 is flush with the lower liquid outlet pipe 15, and the lower end of the air pipe 23 extends out of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 through the valve block 20 that slides with the clearance therewith. The second piston rod 16 is sleeved with a second spring 24, and the second spring 24 is pressed between the lower end of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 and the piston plate 18. Under the elastic action of the second spring 24, the end cover 17 is completely sealed and buckled on the ends of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 and the air pipe 23, and the valve block 20 also completely blocks the second lower liquid outlet hole 21.

[0018] The top of the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 is sleeved with a lower liquid connecting pipe 25 that can cooperate with the piston of the piston plate 18.

[0019] A handle bar 26 for driving the separation plate 4 up and down is provided on the top of the piston rod 5 .

[0020] The bottom surface of the separation plate 4 is an arc-shaped structure that is arc-shaped and concave upward.

[0021] The outer circumferential surface of the separation plate 4 is provided with a plurality of first rubber ring grooves, in which the first rubber ring 27 which can be interference-fitted with the inner wall of the separation tube 2 is sleeved.

[0022] A plurality of second rubber ring grooves are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the first piston head 7 , and a second rubber ring 28 which can be interference-fitted with the inner wall of the piston cavity 6 is sleeved in the second rubber ring groove.

[0023] A third rubber ring groove is arranged around the lower bottom surface of the first upper liquid through hole 12 and is concentric therewith. A third rubber ring 29 is sleeved in the third rubber ring groove and can directly press against the bottom surface of the piston chamber 6 .

[0024] The following is a further description of the method and principle of using the technical solution in this specific implementation method in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Take Spirulina polysaccharide as an example: First, accurately weigh 10 g of spirulina powder, add distilled water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:0.045 (g:L), treat in a 90°C water bath for 120 min, and centrifuge at 5,000 r / min for 10 min. The supernatant is the crude extract of spirulina polysaccharide. Then, add a certain amount of (NH4)2SO4 to 10 mL of the prepared crude extract of spirulina polysaccharide to make its final mass concentration 100-600 g / L, use HCl or NaOH to adjust the pH of the system to 5-9, and after sufficient mixing, a mixed solution containing spirulina polysaccharide can be obtained. Then, the top cover 3 and the separation plate 4 can be opened, and the prepared mixed solution can be poured into the extraction tank 1 and the separation tube 2. Then, tighten the top cover 3 and place it on the shelf to stand until the mixed solution is stratified, and then the separation plate 4 is driven downward by the piston rod 5. In this embodiment, the handle rod 26 is used to manually press down. Of course, in order to be separated from the laboratory for industrial production in the later stage, the piston rod 5 and the separation plate 4 can also be driven downward by an electric push rod. In this embodiment, only the handle bar 26 is used as an embodiment. During the downward movement of the separation plate 4, due to the incompressibility of the liquid, the pressure in the extraction tank 1 and the separation tube 2 also increases as the separation plate 4 moves downward. At this time, the high pressure of the extraction tank 1 and the separation tube 2 pushes the first piston head 7 away so that the end surface of the first upper liquid through hole 12 is out of contact with the end surface of the piston chamber 6. At this time, the upper air and the upper liquid will pass through the upper liquid outlet 8, the first upper liquid through hole 12, the piston chamber 6 and the second upper liquid through hole 13 in sequence and finally be discharged through the upper liquid outlet pipe 9. This is to achieve the purpose of emptying the upper liquid by relying solely on the downward movement of the separation plate 4. When the separation plate 4 runs to the demarcation point, since the lower bottom surface of the separation plate 4 is an upwardly arcuate concave structure, it can completely converge the lighter upper liquid to the upper liquid outlet 8, and continue to press down until it is completely emptied; Then, the separation plate 4 is driven to move upward by the piston rod 5. During the upward movement, the inside of the extraction tank 1 and the separation pipe 2 is evacuated by the separation plate 4. The just-mentioned first upper liquid through hole 12 contacts the end face of the piston chamber 6 and is in a closed state. The end cover 17 compresses the second spring 24 by the second piston rod 16, so that the end face of the end cover 17 is separated from the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 and the air pipe 23. At this time, the valve block 20 fixedly installed on the second piston rod 16 moves upward along the axial direction of the air pipe 23, so that the valve block 20 is staggered from the second lower liquid outlet hole 21. At this time, the lower liquid in the extraction tank 1 and the separation pipe 2 can pass through the second lower liquid outlet hole 21, the lower liquid outlet pipe 15 and the first lower liquid outlet hole 19 in sequence by gravity and be discharged through the lower liquid connecting pipe 25. Just by the upward movement of the separation plate 4, the purpose of emptying the lower liquid can be achieved; It should be noted here that the evacuation of the inside of the extraction tank 1 and the separation pipe 2 by the separation plate 4 is to pump the air outside the extraction tank 1 and the separation pipe 2 into it. That is to say, no matter how much the separation plate 4 moves upward, the same amount of air will be supplemented from the outside of the extraction tank 1 and the separation pipe 2. Therefore, even if the end cover 17 is completely submerged in the lower liquid, there is no need to worry about the lower liquid leaking from the opened air pipe 23. To improve the liquid discharge efficiency of the lower liquid, see Figure 4 and multiple valve blocks 20 and corresponding second lower liquid outlet holes 21 can also be fixedly installed on the second piston rod 16.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method, characterized in that It includes a conical extraction tank (1), and a concentric separation pipe (2) extends axially upward from the upper top surface of the extraction tank (1). A top cover (3) that can be rotationally connected with it in a sealed manner is arranged at the top of the separation pipe (2). A separation plate (4) that can be piston-fitted with it is arranged inside the separation pipe (2). A piston rod (5) is installed on the upper top surface of the separation plate (4), and the upper end of the piston rod (5) extends out of the top cover (3) that is slidably fitted with it. An upper liquid separator is arranged between the separation plate (4) and the piston rod (5). A lower liquid separator that is communicated with its interior is installed at the bottom of the extraction tank (1). The upper liquid separator includes a piston chamber (6) located inside the separation plate (4). A first piston head (7) that can be piston-fitted with it is arranged inside the piston chamber (6). An upper liquid outlet (8) that is concentric with it extends downward through the bottom of the piston chamber (6). The diameter of the upper liquid outlet (8) is smaller than that of the piston chamber (6). An upper liquid outlet pipe (9) that is communicated with its interior is arranged at the top of the piston chamber (6). The top of the upper liquid outlet pipe (9) extends out of the piston rod (5). A first piston rod (10) is fixedly installed on the upper top surface of the first piston head (7). The upper end of the first piston rod (10) extends into the upper liquid outlet pipe (9) to be butted against a second piston head (11). The second piston head (11) is in clearance sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper liquid outlet pipe (9). A plurality of first upper liquid through holes (12) in an annular array are formed through the first piston head (7). A plurality of second upper liquid through holes (13) in an annular array are formed through the second piston head (11). A first spring (14) is sleeved on the first piston rod (10). The upper and lower ends of the first spring (14) are respectively abutted between the inner wall of the piston chamber (6) and the first piston head (7). The end of the first upper liquid through hole (12) is directly abutted against the edge of the end of the piston chamber (6) under the drive of the first spring (14).

2. The production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The described lower liquid separator includes a hollow lower liquid discharge pipe (15). A second piston rod (16) is arranged inside the lower liquid discharge pipe (15). The upper end of the second piston rod (16) extends out of the fixed cover (22) and the lower liquid discharge pipe (15) and docks with an end cover (17) that can be hermetically covered on the end of the lower liquid discharge pipe (15). The lower end of the second piston rod (16) extends out of the lower liquid discharge pipe (15) and docks with a piston plate (18). A plurality of first lower liquid discharge holes (19) arranged in an annular array penetrate through the piston plate (18). A valve block (20) is fixedly installed in the middle of the second piston rod (16). A plurality of second lower liquid discharge holes (21) are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the lower liquid discharge pipe (15) inside the extraction tank (1). The fixed cover (22) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower liquid discharge pipe (15). An air pipe (23) is radially fixedly installed on one side of the fixed cover (22). The upper end of the air pipe (23) is flush with the lower liquid discharge pipe (15). The lower end of the air pipe (23) passes through the valve block (20) with which it is in clearance sliding fit and extends out of the lower liquid discharge pipe (15). A second spring (24) is sleeved on the second piston rod (16). The second spring (24) abuts between the lower end of the lower liquid discharge pipe (15) and the piston plate (18). Under the elastic action of the second spring (24), the end cover (17) completely and hermetically covers the ends of the lower liquid discharge pipe (15) and the air pipe (23), and the valve block (20) also completely blocks the second lower liquid discharge holes (21).

3. A production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that A lower liquid connection pipe (25) that can be in piston fit with the piston plate (18) is sleeved on the top of the lower liquid discharge pipe (15).

4. A production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that A handle rod (26) for driving the separation plate (4) up and down is arranged at the top of the piston rod (5).

5. The production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method according to claim 1, wherein The lower bottom surface of the separation plate (4) is an upwardly arcuate concave structure.

6. The production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of first rubber ring grooves are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the separation plate (4). A first rubber ring (27) that can be in interference fit with the inner wall of the separation pipe (2) is sleeved in the first rubber ring grooves.

7. A production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of second rubber ring grooves are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the first piston head (7). A second rubber ring (28) that can be in interference fit with the inner wall of the piston chamber (6) is sleeved in the second rubber ring grooves.

8. A production device for extracting polysaccharides by a three-phase extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that A circle of third rubber ring grooves concentric with it is arranged around the lower bottom surface of the first upper liquid through hole (12). A third rubber ring (29) that can directly abut against the bottom surface of the piston chamber (6) is sleeved in the third rubber ring grooves.

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