Crushing and drying device for fresh plants

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of smashing devices, in particular to a smashing and drying device for fresh plants, which can effectively improve production and processing efficiency and save energy consumption, a main machine comprises a feeding pipeline, a volute and a fan impeller arranged in the volute, and the fan impeller is connected with a driving motor; a feeding port of each volute is formed in the side wall of the front face of the corresponding volute and connected with a feeding pipeline, a discharging port of the volute of each main machine except the last main machine is connected with a feeding pipeline of the next main machine, a discharging port of the volute of the last main machine is connected with a feeding port of the grading machine, and a discharging port of the grading machine is connected with a discharging mechanism and one end of a circulating pipe. The double-main-machine cooling device is characterized in that the discharge port of the volute of the second main machine is provided with an inner circulating pipe communicated with the feeding pipeline of the second main machine, and the volutes of at least two main machines are provided with drainage mechanisms; and except the first main machine, crushing mechanisms are arranged in the volutes of the other main machines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crushing devices, in particular to a crushing and drying device for fresh plants. Background Art

[0002] At present, for vegetables, Chinese medicinal plants and other plants, processing them into powder can prolong the storage life, and it is very convenient to transport them after packaging. For example, vegetable powder can improve the nutritional content of food, and improve its color and flavor, etc. It can also replace the use of artificial pigments in today's society, bringing protection to the health of our consumers.

[0003] The traditional processing method is to first dry the vegetables or Chinese medicine by heating, and then crush them. Since heating and drying wastes a lot of electricity, the processing cost is high. In order to reduce costs, existing companies have developed a system that does not require heating and directly performs crushing. The system sends the vegetables into a centrifugal fan and uses the internal impeller to chop the vegetables. After multiple crushings and long cycles, the required powder is obtained. In order to obtain the required dry powder and increase the output, the number of cycles can only be increased, which is inefficient and increases energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a crushing and drying device for fresh plants, which can effectively improve production and processing efficiency and save energy consumption.

[0005] The technical scheme is as follows: a crushing and drying device for fresh plants, comprising a feeding mechanism, a plurality of main machines connected in series, a classifier, and a discharging mechanism, wherein the main machine comprises a feeding pipeline, a volute, and a wind impeller arranged in the volute, the wind impeller is connected to a driving motor, the feeding port of the volute is opened on the front side wall of the volute and connected to the feeding pipeline, the discharging port of the volute of each main machine except the last one is connected to the feeding pipeline of the next one, the discharging port of the volute of the last one is connected to the feeding port of the classifier, and the classifier is connected to the feeding port of the volute of the last one. The discharge port of the machine is connected to the discharge mechanism and one end of the circulation pipe, and the other end of the circulation pipe is connected to the feed pipe of the first main machine. It is characterized in that the discharge port of the volute of the second main machine is provided with an internal circulation pipe connected to the feed pipe of the main machine, and the volutes of at least the first two main machines are provided with a drainage mechanism; except for the first main machine, the volutes of the remaining main machines are provided with a crushing mechanism, and the crushing mechanism includes an annular fixed teeth installed on the inner wall of the volute and lamellar moving teeth installed at intervals on the impeller, and the discharge area is between adjacent lamellar moving teeth.

[0006] Further, the drainage mechanism includes arc-shaped strip-shaped notches formed in the front side wall and the back side wall of the volute. A drainage sintered plate is installed in the arc-shaped strip-shaped notches. The drainage sintered plate is formed by sintering multiple layers of mesh plates. The inner mesh aperture of the sintered plate is smaller than the outer mesh aperture. An arc-shaped cavity is arranged outside the drainage sintered plate. The arc-shaped cavity is connected to a compressed air source. The lowest part of the arc-shaped cavity is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is connected to a water outlet pipe; A scraping strip is arranged on the back of the wind impeller; The water outlet is connected to the water outlet pipe, and a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet; The wind impeller includes a front annular plate, a rear disc plate, and blades evenly arranged in the middle. The annular fixed teeth extend into the middle circular hole of the front annular plate, and the sheet-shaped moving teeth are installed on the rear disc plate and located inside the annular fixed teeth; Teeth are arranged on both the inner ring and the outer ring of the sheet-shaped moving teeth; The feed pipe of the first host is further connected to a heating blower and the feeding mechanism; The feeding mechanism includes a screw feeder. One end of the screw feeder is provided with a feed hopper. It is characterized in that the other end of the screw feeder is installed with a pressing cylinder. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder extends into the screw feeder and is connected to a pressing plate. A discharge port is formed in the lower part of the screw feeder close to the pressing cylinder. A juice outlet is arranged between the discharge port and the screw blade of the screw feeder. A sintered filter plate is installed on the juice outlet. The sintered filter plate is formed by sintering multiple layers of mesh plates. The upper mesh aperture of the mesh plate is smaller than the lower mesh aperture.

[0007] After adopting the present invention, the materials fed through the feeding mechanism pass through the volute of the first host. After the first crushing is completed inside, they continue to be conveyed backward. After the subsequent hosts perform secondary crushing, part of them circulates back for continuous crushing, and the remaining part continues to be conveyed backward, forming a crushing method in which large cycles of multiple hosts and small cycles of a single host coexist, which can accelerate the crushing effect. The multiple hosts are also designed with a crushing mechanism that combines annular moving teeth and sheet-shaped fixed teeth, which can further crush the materials after a certain drying, accelerate the crushing efficiency, and the drainage mechanism on the volute can discharge most of the water generated during the raw material crushing, providing a dry environment, shortening the drying time, ultimately improving the crushing and drying efficiency, reducing the number of material circulation times when processing the same amount of materials, and saving energy consumption. Description of the Drawings

[0008] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single host (without a feed pipe); Figure 3 isFigure 2 Side view; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the intake hole and intake plate layout structure; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the volute of the third main machine; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the front layout of the annular fixed teeth and annular moving teeth; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism. Specific implementation manner

[0009] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown in the figures, a crushing and drying device for fresh plants includes a feeding mechanism 1, multiple series-connected main machines 2, a classifier 3, and a discharging mechanism 4. The number of main machines 2 can be adjusted according to needs. In this embodiment, three main machines are taken as an example. The main machine includes a feeding pipeline 5, a volute 6, and a wind impeller 7 arranged in the volute 6. The wind impeller 7 is connected to a driving motor 8. The feeding port 6-1 of the volute 6 is opened on the front side wall of the volute 6 and is connected to the feeding pipeline 5. The discharging port 6-2 of the volute 6 of each main machine 2 except the last one is connected to the feeding pipeline 5 of the next main machine 2. The discharging port of the volute 6 of the last main machine 2 is connected to the feeding port of the classifier 3. The discharging port of the classifier 3 is connected to the discharging mechanism 4 and one end of a circulation pipe 9. The powder that reaches the crushing standard enters the discharging mechanism 4, and the powder that does not reach the standard enters the main circulation pipe 9 to continue crushing. The other end of the main circulation pipe 9 is connected to the feeding pipeline 5 of the first main machine 2, thus forming a large circulation loop. The feeding pipeline of the first main machine is also connected to a heating blower 18 and the feeding mechanism 1. The heating blower 18 provides the heat required for drying and the power for transporting the material forward.

[0010] An internal circulation pipe 10 communicating with the feeding pipeline 5 of the main machine is provided at the discharging port of the volute 6 of the second main machine 2. For the material crushed by the second main machine 2, part of it continues to move backward into the third main machine, and the remaining part returns to the second main machine 2 through the internal circulation pipe 10 to continue crushing.

[0011] Drainage mechanisms are provided on the volutes 6 of the second and third main engines. The drainage mechanism includes arc-shaped strip-shaped notches formed in the front side wall and the back side wall of the volute 6. A drainage sintered plate 14 is installed in the arc-shaped strip-shaped notch. The drainage sintered plate 14 is sintered by multiple layers of mesh plates. The inner mesh aperture of the sintered plate is smaller than the outer mesh aperture. An arc-shaped cavity 15 is provided outside the drainage sintered plate 14. The arc-shaped cavity is connected to an air bag 16. The air bag 16 is supported on an air bag bracket 17. Pulse air flow is provided by the air bag 16. A water outlet is provided at the lowest part of the arc-shaped cavity 15. A control valve 11 is provided on the water outlet pipe 10 connected to the water outlet. When there is too much accumulated water in the arc-shaped cavity 6, the control valve 11 is opened to drain the water.

[0012] Since the materials are not dried before entering, water will be generated during crushing, and this water will accumulate at the bottom of the volute 6. In order to prevent the excess water from affecting the normal powder making, the drainage sintered plate 14 is designed. The drainage sintered plate 14 is sintered by multiple layers of mesh plates. The inner mesh of the drainage sintered plate 14 is smaller than the outer mesh, ensuring that the water generated during crushing can be discharged from the inside to the outside, and the crushed slag will not pass through the drainage sintered plate 14; Vegetables enter the volute 1 from the feed inlet 6-1, are chopped by the high-speed rotating wind impeller 7, and under the drive of the air flow, are affected by the centrifugal force and discharged from the discharge outlet 6-2. The generated moisture is discharged, improving the drying effect. Most of the moisture generated during the raw material crushing process can be discharged by using the water outlet, maintaining the dryness inside the volute 6, and at the same time shortening the drying time required.

[0013] For the area that cannot be purged, that is, the area covered by the wind impeller 7, a scraping strip 19 is provided on the back of the wind impeller 7 to perform scraping wall operation while rotating to prevent sticking to the wall.

[0014] Crushing mechanisms are provided in the volutes 6 of the second and third main engines. The crushing mechanism includes a ring-shaped fixed tooth 12 installed on the inner wall of the volute 6 and sheet-shaped moving teeth 13 installed at intervals on the wind impeller 7. The area between adjacent sheet-shaped moving teeth 5 is the discharge area 20. The specific structure of the wind impeller 7 includes a front ring plate 7-1, a rear disc plate 7-2, and blades 7-3 evenly arranged in the middle. The ring-shaped fixed tooth 12 extends into the middle circular hole of the front ring plate 7-1. The sheet-shaped moving teeth 13 are installed on the rear disc plate 7-2 and are located inside the ring-shaped fixed tooth 12. Teeth are provided on both the inner and outer circles of the sheet-shaped moving teeth 13. When the materials after a certain degree of crushing and drying enter, through the crushing of the rotating ring-shaped moving teeth 13 and the fixed ring-shaped fixed teeth 12, the crushing efficiency can be further increased, the number of times of the whole cycle can be shortened, and the refined materials are discharged through the discharge area, and then are broken by the blades 7-3 of the wind impeller 7 and finally sent out from the discharge outlet along with the air flow.

[0015] The feeding mechanism 1 includes a screw feeder 1-1. One end of the screw feeder 1-1 is provided with a feed hopper 1-2, and the other end of the screw feeder 1-1 is installed with a pressing cylinder 1-3. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder 1-3 extends into the screw feeder 1-1 and is connected to a pressing plate 1-4. A discharge port 1-5 is opened at the lower part of one side of the screw feeder 1-1 close to the pressing cylinder 1-3. A juice outlet is arranged between the discharge port 1-5 and the screw blade 1-6 of the screw feeder 1-1. A sintered filter plate 1-7 is installed on the juice outlet. The sintered filter plate 1-7 is formed by sintering multiple mesh plates. The mesh aperture at the upper end of the mesh plate is smaller than that at the lower end, so that only the juice can pass through the sintered filter plate 1-7, while solid materials such as crushed residues cannot pass through. One end of the screw blade 1-6 is connected to a driving motor 1-8, and the other end is suspended, which does not affect the end discharge. The screw shaft at the suspended end is connected to a suspension bearing 1-9, and no screw blade is installed on the screw shaft at the suspension bearing, so as to ensure the normal rotation of the screw shaft.

[0016] The materials are fed into the screw feeder 1-1 from the feed hopper 1-2 and are conveyed forward by the screw blade 1-6. When the materials reach the end, the piston rod of the pressing cylinder extends, driving the pressing plate 1-4 close to the materials. Under the action of the continuous feeding of the pressing plate 1-4 and the screw blade, the materials at the end are extruded, and part of the juice in the materials is squeezed out. After passing through the sintered filter plate 1-7, it enters the juice collection hopper 1-10. After the pressing is completed and the pressing plate 1-4 retracts, the materials continue to be conveyed forward to reach the discharge port 1-5 to complete the blanking, enter the feeding pipeline 1-11, and then the pressing plate 1-4 extends again to extrude the next batch of materials. There are a large number of gaps between vegetables. In this application, only a simple extrusion is carried out to remove part of the juice, and the materials will not be compacted and blocked during the extrusion process, ensuring smooth discharge. Since part of the juice is removed in advance, the subsequent drying time can be greatly shortened, the efficiency of subsequent crushing can be improved, and the energy consumption can be reduced.

[0017] The heat source is conveyed into the pipeline through the air inlet at the end of the feeding pipeline 5 of the first main machine 1. The pipeline is in a negative pressure state. The materials are conveyed into the feeding pipeline 5 through the feeding mechanism 1 and enter the volute 6 of the first main machine, where they are crushed and dried by the air impeller 7. Part of the moisture in the materials is discharged through the drainage port, and the materials enter the volute 6 of the second main machine through the discharge port. Part of the materials are discharged from the discharge port to the third main machine, and the other part of the materials continue to be crushed and dried in the volute 6 of the second main machine through the internal circulation pipe 10. The materials after passing through the third main machine enter the classifier 3, and the materials with fineness not meeting the standard continue to flow back to the first main machine through the main circulation pipe 9 for cyclic crushing. The finished powder is collected by the discharging mechanism 4 (including a cyclone discharger and a dust collector). Compared with the traditional mechanism, where part of the finished powder needs to be returned to the first feeding pipeline, in this application, all the finished powder can be collected, greatly improving the powder output rate.

[0018] Using the above-mentioned circulation method, for materials of the same weight, the number of circulations can be reduced by 20% on the original basis, and thus a dry finished product with the required powder particle size can be obtained.

Claims

1. A crushing and drying device for fresh plants, comprising a feeding mechanism, a plurality of serially connected main machines, a classifier, and a discharging mechanism. The main machine includes a feeding pipeline, a volute, and a wind impeller disposed in the volute. The wind impeller is connected to a driving motor. The feeding port of the volute is opened on the front side wall of the volute and connected to the feeding pipeline. The discharging port of the volute of each main machine except the last one is connected to the feeding pipeline of the next main machine. The discharging port of the volute of the last main machine is connected to the feeding port of the classifier. The discharging port of the classifier is connected to the discharging mechanism and one end of a circulation pipe. The other end of the circulation pipe is connected to the feeding pipeline of the first main machine, and it is characterized in that, The discharge ports of the volutes of the second host are each provided with an internal circulation pipe communicating with the feed pipe of the host, and at least the volutes of the first two hosts are provided with a drainage mechanism; except for the first host, a crushing mechanism is arranged in the volutes of the remaining hosts. The crushing mechanism includes an annular fixed tooth installed on the inner wall of the volute and sheet-shaped moving teeth spacedly installed on the wind impeller. The area between adjacent sheet-shaped moving teeth is the discharge area; the drainage mechanism includes arc-shaped strip-shaped notches opened on the front side wall and the back side wall of the volute. A drainage sintered plate is installed in the arc-shaped strip-shaped notch. The drainage sintered plate is sintered by multiple mesh plates. The inner mesh aperture of the sintered plate is smaller than the outer mesh aperture. An arc-shaped cavity is arranged outside the drainage sintered plate. The arc-shaped cavity is connected to a compressed air source. The lowest part of the arc-shaped cavity is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is connected to a water outlet pipe; a scraping strip is arranged on the back of the wind impeller.

2. The comminuting and drying device for fresh plants according to claim 1, wherein, The water outlet is connected to a water outlet pipe, and a filter screen is arranged at the water outlet.

3. A crushing and drying device for fresh plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind impeller includes a front annular plate, a rear disc plate and blades evenly arranged in the middle. The annular fixed tooth extends into the middle circular hole of the front annular plate, and the sheet-shaped moving teeth are installed on the rear disc plate and located inside the annular fixed tooth.

4. A crushing and drying device for fresh plants according to claim 3, characterized in that, Teeth are arranged on both the inner ring and the outer ring of the sheet-shaped moving teeth.

5. A crushing and drying device for fresh plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed pipe of the first host is also connected to a heating blower and the feeding mechanism.

6. The comminuting and drying device for fresh plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a screw feeder. One end of the screw feeder is provided with a feed hopper. It is characterized in that the other end of the screw feeder is installed with a pressing cylinder. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder extends into the screw feeder and is connected to a pressing plate. A discharge port is opened at the lower part of the screw feeder near the pressing cylinder. A juice outlet is arranged between the discharge port and the screw blade of the screw feeder. A sintered filter plate is installed at the juice outlet. The sintered filter plate is sintered by multiple mesh plates. The upper mesh aperture of the mesh plate is smaller than the lower mesh aperture.

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