A lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of processing equipment, and discloses a lightweight, compact, portable hole-making equipment, including a power module, a transmission module, and a spindle module. The transmission module drives the spindle through two sets of compact independent transmission chains, so that the two degrees of freedom of the spindle, rotation and feed, can be controlled separately by the power module, thereby realizing adjustable and controllable processing parameters; the guide module is provided with a spindle precision guide component, and the floating shaft and the guide shaft are matched to ensure the rotation accuracy of the spindle end and the processing stability, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy and quality. The lightweight, compact, portable hole-making equipment can realize independent control of the spindle speed and feed speed by the rotating motor and the feed motor, and can realize stepless adjustment of the spindle speed and feed speed. The modular transmission device is light in weight and small in size, and is suitable for the needs of hole-making in a narrow space; the universal spline interface can be quickly docked with the power unit module, and the operation is quick and convenient; the modular design facilitates serial production and is suitable for a variety of hole-making conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of processing equipment and relates to a lightweight, compact and portable hole-making equipment. Background Art

[0002] Lightweight, high-strength carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and metal materials resistant to alternating loads (such as titanium and aluminum alloys) are preferred for reducing weight and increasing efficiency in high-end aerospace equipment. To ensure the reliable assembly and high-performance service of CFRP and laminated structures, tens of thousands of diverse connection holes must be efficiently produced. However, due to the limited space available at the assembly site, traditional CNC machine tools and industrial robotic arms offer limited accessibility and are difficult to use. Manual drilling is a tedious process, resulting in low efficiency and a significant difficulty in meeting production requirements. Therefore, there is a need for a lightweight, compact, and portable drilling device that can accommodate the diverse hole-making needs in confined spaces.

[0003] Research on portable automatic drilling equipment began early abroad, and currently, several companies, including Desoutter and Apex, offer automatic feed drilling products on the market. Shanghai Micro Automation Technology Co., Ltd. in China has invented the "EDU Handheld Electric Drive Automatic Feed Drilling Device," patented as CN 219130867 U. This device features an independent feed system and uses a pressure sensor to detect the spindle's feed pressure. This directly measures the spindle's linear pressure, deriving the type of interlayer material based on the pressure and then matching the optimal rotational speed and feed rate. However, due to its complex functionality and precision requirements, this device is too bulky and not suitable for small spaces. Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co., Ltd. invented "A Replaceable Lean Automatic Feed Drill," with patent number CN201210199677.3. The device has a variety of replaceable working platforms, which can be selected according to different usage environments or conditions. The XY flexible track platform can adapt to and adsorb to surfaces of different curvatures. The double-sided suction cup platform, however, has a complex structure and bulky main shaft feed transmission part and main shaft rotation part of the automatic feed drill body, which greatly limits the adaptability of the device in confined spaces. Wang Fugui and others from Dalian University of Technology invented "A Portable Semi-Automatic Hole-Making Equipment and Hole-Making Method," with patent number CN 202010441887.3. The device uses a dual-motor drive mode, with two motors controlling the rotational motion and feed motion of the device respectively, which can achieve stepless speed change and change process parameters. However, the dual ball screws it uses to drive the spline spindle to achieve feed have a large transmission chain volume and weight, which still has certain limitations in its application in confined spaces.

[0004] In summary, in order to meet the requirements of lightweight, serialized equipment and simultaneous control of spindle speed and feed speed for various types of hole making in the narrow space of aerospace assembly sites, it is necessary to develop lightweight, compact and portable hole making equipment that can independently control the spindle speed and feed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a lightweight, compact and portable hole-making equipment, which includes a power module, a transmission module and a spindle module. The transmission module drives the spindle through two sets of compact independent transmission chains, so that the two degrees of freedom of the spindle's rotation and feed can be controlled separately by the power module, thereby realizing the adjustable and controllable processing parameters; the spindle module is provided with a precise guide sleeve, and the floating shaft and the guide shaft are matched to ensure the spindle end rotation accuracy and processing stability, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy and quality.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A lightweight, compact, portable hole-making device comprises a power module 1, a transmission module 2, and a spindle module 3;

[0008] The power module 1 includes a feed motor output spline shaft 102, a rotary motor output spline shaft 101, a rotary motor 103, and a feed motor 104; wherein the rotary motor output spline shaft 101 cooperates with the rotary motor 103, and the feed motor output spline shaft 102 cooperates with the feed motor 104;

[0009] The transmission module 2 includes a bearing B201, a rotating gear 202, a gearbox top cover 203, a torque isolation block 204, a feed gear 205, a bearing C206, a bearing D207, a feed shaft 208, a protective cover 209, an annular feed shaft card 210, a feed bevel gear mounting shaft 211, a feed double gear set 212, a bearing E213, a bearing F214, a bolt D215, a feed bevel gear 217, a rotating bevel gear 218, a bearing G219, a rotating bevel gear end cover 220, a bearing H221, a rotating double gear set 222, a bearing I223, a rotating double bevel gear mounting shaft 224, a transmission box body 225 and a rotating shaft 226; wherein the feed shaft 208 is a boss shaft, The shaft is provided with a trapezoidal thread, and a symmetrical recessed structure is provided on the boss shaft; the annular feed shaft card 210, the gear box top cover 203 and the protective cover 209 are fixedly mounted on the transmission housing 225, and the inner opening of the annular feed shaft card 210 is provided with a symmetrical protruding structure that cooperates with the feed shaft 208. The feed shaft 208 is restricted by the annular feed shaft card 210 and cannot rotate but can slide axially; the trapezoidal thread of the feed shaft 208 is meshed with the trapezoidal thread of the inner hole of the feed gear 205; the end boss of the feed shaft 208 is connected to the torque isolation block 204; the feed gear 205 is axially constrained by the bearing C206, the inner hole of the feed gear 205 is a trapezoidal thread, and the outer thread of the feed shaft 208 is in engagement with the feed gear 205 The internal thread cooperates; the rotating gear 202 is supported by the bearing B201 and is installed on the transmission box 225. The inner hole of the rotating gear 202 is provided with a symmetrical protruding structure, which cooperates with the symmetrical recessed structure of the rotating shaft 226, so that the rotating gear 202 and the rotating shaft 226 can transmit rotational motion while not transmitting feed motion; the bearing E213, the bearing F214 and the feed bevel gear mounting shaft 211 jointly support the feed double gear set 212 to enable it to rotate stably; the bearing I223 and the rotating double bevel gear mounting shaft 224 jointly support the rotating double gear set 222 to enable it to rotate stably; the bolt D215, the bearing G219, the rotating bevel gear end cover 220 and the bearing H221 jointly support and press the feed bevel gear 21 7. Rotate the bevel gear 218 to make it rotate stably; the rotation of the feed bevel gear 217 drives the feed double gear set 212 and the feed gear 205 to rotate, and the feed gear 205 and the feed shaft 208 generate relative rotation, which is converted into axial relative motion of the feed gear 205 and the feed shaft 208 through the thread structure. The feed shaft 208 performs feeding motion to push the torque isolation block 204 and the rotating shaft 226 to perform feeding motion synchronously; the rotation of the rotating bevel gear 218 drives the rotating double gear set 222 and the rotating gear 202 to rotate, and the rotating gear 202 drives the rotating shaft 226 to perform rotational motion; the torque isolation block 204 is arranged between the rotating shaft 226 and the feed shaft 208 to isolate the torque and radial shake between the two;A compression spring 227 is installed between the feed double gear set 212 and the rotating double gear set 222 to dynamically adjust the contact relationship between the bevel gears on both sides when the load changes, and to reduce the vibration of the gears when working at high speeds through the spring's own vibration;

[0010] The torque isolation block 204 includes an isolation block front cover 20401, a small needle roller bearing 20402, a large needle roller bearing 20403 and an isolation block rear cover 20404; the left and right sides of the boss at the end of the feed shaft 208 are respectively the small needle roller bearing 20402 and the large needle roller bearing 20403, the left side of the small needle roller bearing 20402 is the isolation block front cover 20401, the right side of the large needle roller bearing 20403 is the isolation block rear cover 20404, and the isolation block front cover 2040 The threaded structure between 1 and the isolation block rear cover 20404 axially fixes the isolation block front cover 20401, the small needle roller bearing 20402, the feed shaft 208, the large needle roller bearing 20403, and the isolation block rear cover 20404. The rotating shaft 226 and the isolation block front cover 20401 are fixedly connected by threads. The torque isolation block 204 transmits the feed force of the feed shaft 208 to the rotating shaft 226, isolating the rotation and vibration of the feed shaft 208 and the rotating shaft 226.

[0011] The spindle module 3 includes a tool 301, an integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302, a guide spindle 303 and a guide sleeve 304; the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making device has a spindle guide structure; the tool 301 and the guide spindle 303 are coaxially fixedly connected, the guide spindle 303 and the guide sleeve 304 are coaxially fixedly connected, and the axis of the guide sleeve 304 and the hole clearance of the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 are matched; the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 guides the axial direction of the guide sleeve 304, and then guides the axial direction of the guide spindle 303 and the tool 301; the spindle 303 is positioned and fixedly connected through the conical surface and threaded structure thereon and the corresponding structure and bolts at the end of the rotating shaft 226, and is installed in the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 through the guide sleeve 304, and the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 is fixed on the transmission box 225; the spindle module 3 obtains rotational motion and feed motion from the transmission module 2, and the rotating shaft 226, the guide spindle 303, the guide sleeve 304 and the tool 301 perform rotational motion and feed motion together, so that the tool 301 has the power conditions for drilling.

[0012] This lightweight, compact and portable hole-making equipment has a clearance fit between the rotating shaft 226 and the torque isolation block 204, and a low-precision fit between the torque isolation block 204 and the feed shaft 208, so that the shaft formed by the rotating shaft 226, the torque isolation block 204 and the feed shaft 208 is a floating spindle, which is then matched with the guide spindle 303 to form a whole. The guide spindle 303 is installed in the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder 302 through the guide sleeve 304 to realize the guiding function, thereby realizing the positioning of the entire shaft.

[0013] The rotational motion and feed motion of this lightweight, compact portable hole-making equipment are driven by different transmission chains; the output power of the rotating motor 103 is transmitted to the guide spindle 303 via the rotating motor output spline shaft 101, the rotating bevel gear 218, the rotating double gear set 222, the rotating gear 202, and the rotating shaft 226; this transmission chain is a rotational motion transmission chain; the output power of the feed motor 103 is transmitted to the guide spindle 303 via the feed motor output spline shaft 102, the feed bevel gear 217, the feed double gear set 212, the feed gear 205, and the feed shaft 208; this transmission chain is a feed motion transmission chain.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: A lightweight, compact, and portable drilling device with a small size and weight. The device also features two independent transmission chains driving the spindle, allowing the spindle to have two independent parameters: rotation and feed, achieving stepless adjustment of the spindle speed and feed rate. The internal torque isolation module and spindle module effectively stabilize the spindle and improve spindle accuracy. The modular transmission device is lightweight and compact, making it suitable for drilling holes in confined spaces. The universal spline interface allows for rapid docking with the power unit module, making operation quick and easy. The modular design facilitates serial production and adapts to a variety of drilling conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is an overall view of the lightweight, compact, portable hole-making equipment;

[0016] Figure 2 This is an overall exploded view of a lightweight, compact, portable hole-making device;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the power module of the lightweight, compact and portable hole-making equipment;

[0018] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a transmission module of a lightweight, compact, portable hole-making device;

[0019] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a spindle module of a lightweight, compact, portable drilling machine;

[0020] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a torque isolation block for a lightweight, compact, portable hole-making device;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ring feed shaft card;

[0022] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a rotating gear;

[0023] In the figure: 1-power module, 101-rotating motor output spline shaft, 102-feed motor output spline shaft, 103 rotating motor, 104 feed motor; 2-transmission module, 201-bearing B, 202-rotating gear, 203-gearbox top cover, 204-torque isolation block, 205-feed gear, 206-bearing C, 207-bearing D, 208-feed shaft, 209-protective cover, 210-annular feed shaft card, 211-feed bevel gear mounting shaft, 212-feed double gear set, 213-bearing E, 214-bearing F, 215-bolt D, 216-feed Bevel gear end cover, 217-feed gear set, 218-rotating bevel gear, 219-bearing G, 220-rotating bevel gear end cover, 221-bearing H, 222-rotating double gear set, 223-bearing I, 224-rotating double bevel gear mounting shaft, 225-transmission housing, 226-rotating shaft, 227-compression spring; 20401-isolation block front cover, 20402-small needle roller bearing, 20403-large needle roller bearing, 20404-isolation block rear cover; 3-spindle module, 301-tool, 302-integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder, 303-guide spindle, 304-guide sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0025] The spindle of the lightweight, compact, portable drilling machine consists of three sections. The first section is the guide spindle 303, which is mounted on the integrated indexing bayonet front barrel 302 via a guide sleeve 304. This ensures that the guide spindle 303 can rotate and feed freely within the integrated indexing bayonet front barrel 302, thus enabling the integrated indexing bayonet front barrel 302 to support and guide the spindle 303. The second section is the rotating shaft 226. The guide spindle 303 is threadedly connected to the rotating shaft 226, with a tapered surface positioned and pressed against the end of the rotating shaft 226, allowing the guide spindle 303 to rotate and feed synchronously with the rotating shaft 226. The symmetrical protrusion structure of the rotating shaft 226 also enables independent control of its rotational motion. The third section is the feed shaft 208, which has a boss at one end, a trapezoidal thread, and long slots at symmetrical positions. The symmetrical long groove on the axis is clamped by the protruding part of the inner hole of the annular feed shaft card 210, the trapezoidal thread is engaged with the trapezoidal thread of the inner hole of the feed gear 205, and the feed shaft 208 is connected to the rotating shaft 226 through the torque isolation block 204 at the end of the boss shaft to realize independent control of its feed motion; the three-section main shaft cooperates as a whole to realize independent control of the rotation motion and feed motion.

[0026] The portable high-precision automatic feed drill's rotational motion and feed motion are driven by separate transmission chains. The output power of the rotary motor is transmitted to the guide spindle 303 via the rotary motor output spline shaft 101, rotary bevel gear 218, rotary double gear set 222, rotary gear 202, and rotary shaft 226. This transmission chain is a rotational motion transmission chain. The output power of the feed motor is transmitted to the guide spindle 303 via the feed motor output spline shaft 102, feed bevel gear 217, feed double gear set 212, feed gear 205, and feed shaft 208. This transmission chain is a feed motion transmission chain. Two independent motion transmission chains enable independent control of the rotational motion and feed motion by the two motors, thereby enabling adjustable spindle motion parameters during the drilling process.

[0027] The portable, high-precision, automatic feed drill includes a spindle guide structure. An integrated indexing bayonet front barrel 302 is fixed to the transmission housing 225. A guide spindle 303 is mounted on the end of the rotating shaft 226 via a tapered surface and threaded compression. It is then mounted within the integrated indexing bayonet front barrel 302 via a guide sleeve 304, ensuring that the guide spindle 303 can rotate and feed freely within the integrated indexing bayonet front barrel 302. The integrated indexing bayonet front barrel 302 also provides support and guidance for the guide spindle 303.

[0028] The torque isolation block 204 can isolate the torque and radial shaking between the rotating shaft 226 and the feed shaft 208. The torque isolation block 204 includes an isolation block front cover 20401, a small needle roller bearing 20402, a large needle roller bearing 20403, and an isolation block rear cover 20404. The rotating shaft 226 is fixedly connected to the isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404. The large needle roller bearing 20403 and the small needle roller bearing 20402 are respectively placed on both sides of the boss at the rear end of the feed shaft 208, which can achieve axial support between the feed shaft 208 and the isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404, while preventing the feed shaft 208 from transmitting torque to the isolation block. The isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404; the threaded structure between the isolation block front cover 20401 and the isolation block rear cover 20404 fixes the isolation block front cover 20401, the small needle roller bearing 20402, the feed shaft 208, the large needle roller bearing 20403 and the isolation block rear cover 20404 axially, and the rotating shaft 226 and the isolation block front cover 20401 are fixed by threads; the torque isolation block 204 transmits the feed force of the feed shaft 208 to the rotating shaft 226, isolating the rotation and vibration of the feed shaft 208 and the rotating shaft 226.

[0029] Feed shaft 208 converts the rotational motion of feed gear 205 into its own feed motion. Feed shaft 208 is a boss shaft with trapezoidal threads and symmetrically positioned slots. The symmetrical slots on the shaft are captured by the protruding portion of the inner bore of the annular feed shaft clamp 210, preventing 208 from rotating and allowing only axial movement. The trapezoidal threads of feed shaft 208 mesh with the trapezoidal threads of the inner bore of feed gear 205. When feed gear 205 is driven to rotate, the two rotate relative to each other, generating an axial force. The end boss is used to connect to the torque isolation block 204 to isolate torque from axial oscillation.

Claims

1. A lightweight, compact, portable hole-making device, characterized in that: The lightweight, compact and portable hole-making equipment includes a power module, a transmission module and a spindle module; The power module includes a feed motor output spline shaft, a rotary motor output spline shaft, a rotary motor and a feed motor; wherein the rotary motor output spline shaft cooperates with the rotary motor, and the feed motor output spline shaft cooperates with the feed motor; The transmission module includes a rotating gear, a gearbox top cover, a torque isolation block, a feed gear, a feed shaft, a protective cover, an annular feed shaft card, a feed double gear set, a feed bevel gear, a rotating bevel gear, a rotating double gear set, a transmission box body, a rotating shaft and a compression spring; wherein the feed shaft is a boss shaft with a trapezoidal thread and an end boss, and a symmetrical recessed structure is provided on the boss shaft; the annular feed shaft card, the gearbox top cover and the protective cover are fixedly connected and installed on the transmission box body, and the inner opening of the annular feed shaft card is provided with a symmetrical protruding structure that cooperates with the feed shaft, and the feed shaft is restricted by the annular feed shaft card and cannot rotate but can slide axially; the feed shaft is connected to the feed gear, and the end boss is connected to the torque isolation block; the rotating gear It is installed on the transmission box body, and its inner hole is provided with a symmetrical protruding structure, which cooperates with the symmetrical recessed structure near the root of the rotating shaft, so that the rotating gear and the rotating shaft can transmit rotary motion without transmitting feed motion; the rotation of the feed bevel gear drives the feed double gear set and the feed gear to rotate, and the feed gear and the feed shaft produce relative rotation, converting the thread structure into axial relative motion of the feed gear and the feed shaft, and the feed shaft performs feed motion to push the torque isolation block and the rotating shaft to perform feed motion synchronously; the rotation of the rotating bevel gear drives the rotating double gear set and the rotating gear to rotate, and then drives the rotating shaft to perform rotational motion; the torque isolation block is arranged between the rotating shaft and the feed shaft; a compression spring is installed between the feed double gear set and the rotating double gear set; The spindle module includes a tool, an integrated indexable bayonet front barrel, a spindle, and a guide sleeve. The tool, spindle, and guide sleeve are coaxially connected in sequence, and the guide sleeve shaft and the hole of the integrated indexable bayonet front barrel are clearance-matched. The spindle is positioned and fixedly connected through the conical surface and threaded structure on it, which cooperates with the corresponding conical hole and bolt at the end of the rotating shaft, and is installed in the integrated indexable bayonet front barrel through the guide sleeve. The main shaft consists of three sections; the first section is the guide main shaft, which is installed in the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder through a guide sleeve to ensure that the main shaft can rotate and feed freely in the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder, thereby realizing the supporting and guiding effect of the integrated indexing bayonet front cylinder on the main shaft; the second section is the rotating shaft, the guide main shaft and the rotating shaft are connected by threads, the conical surface is positioned, and it is pressed against the end of the rotating shaft, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation and feeding movement of the guide main shaft and the rotating shaft, and the symmetrical protruding structure of the rotating shaft realizes the independent control of its rotation movement; the third section is the feed shaft, which has a boss shaft at one end, a trapezoidal thread on the shaft, and long grooves at symmetrical positions; the symmetrical long grooves on the feed shaft are clamped by the protruding part of the inner hole of the annular feed shaft card, and the trapezoidal thread is engaged with the trapezoidal thread of the inner hole of the feed gear. The feed shaft and the rotating shaft are connected by the torque isolation block at the end of the boss shaft, thereby realizing independent control of their feed movement.

2. The lightweight, compact, portable hole-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotational motion and feed motion of this lightweight, compact and portable hole-making equipment are driven by a rotational motion transmission chain and a feed motion transmission chain; the transmission process of the rotational motion transmission chain is as follows: the output power of the rotational motor is transmitted to the guide spindle via the rotational motor output spline shaft, the rotational bevel gear, the rotational double gear set, the rotational gear and the rotational shaft; the transmission process of the feed motion transmission chain is as follows: the output power of the feed motor is transmitted to the guide spindle via the feed motor output spline shaft, the feed bevel gear, the feed double gear set, the feed gear and the feed shaft.

3. The lightweight, compact, portable hole-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed double gear set is supported by bearings and the feed bevel gear mounting shaft, and the rotating double gear set is supported by bearings and the rotating double bevel gear mounting shaft; the compression feed bevel gear and the rotating bevel gear are supported by bearings and the rotating bevel gear end cover.

4. The lightweight, compact, portable hole-making device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torque isolation block includes an isolation block front cover, a small needle roller bearing, a large needle roller bearing and an isolation block rear cover; the small needle roller bearing and the large needle roller bearing are on the left and right sides of the end boss along the feed shaft respectively, the isolation block front cover is on the left side of the small needle roller bearing, and the isolation block rear cover is on the right side of the large needle roller bearing. The isolation block front cover and the isolation block rear cover fix the torque isolation block axially; the threaded structure between the isolation block front cover and the isolation block rear cover fixes the isolation block front cover, the small needle roller bearing, the feed shaft, the large needle roller bearing and the isolation block rear cover axially, and the rotating shaft and the isolation block front cover are fixed by threads; the torque isolation block transmits the feed force of the feed shaft to the rotating shaft, isolating the rotation and vibration of the rotating shaft and the feed shaft.

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