Metallic material-to-nonmetallic material bonding and methods of making

Abstract

The application discloses a metal material and nonmetal material combined piece and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing a metal base material, forming a nanoscale pore structure on the surface of the metal base material, and the pore diameter of the nanoscale pore structure is 100nm-1000nm; adopting 3D printing to form a molten thermoplastic fiber composite material on the surface of the metal base material, and part of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is filled in the nanoscale pore structure, wherein the thermoplastic fiber composite material comprises a thermoplastic material and continuous fibers, and the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 40%-80%. The preparation method has high processing efficiency, can prepare a thermoplastic fiber composite material with a complex structure, and has the advantages that the combined force between the metal base material and the thermoplastic fiber composite material of the prepared combined piece is large, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is high, and the appearance is good.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material processing, and more particularly, to a metal and non-metal material combined piece and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In related technologies, the lightweight requirement of structural pieces of wearable products is increasingly high. In order to ensure that the structural pieces have both lightweight and high structural strength, a resin material is usually molded into a complex assembly structure on the inside of a simple structure of a fiber composite material to form a composite material. However, the resin material has low strength and cannot meet the reliability requirements of wearable products, and it is difficult to mold a complex structure of a fiber composite material by using a conventional hot pressing method. SUMMARY

[0003] An object of the present application is to provide a new technical solution of a preparation method of a metal and non-metal material combined piece.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present application, a preparation method of a metal and non-metal material combined piece is provided. The preparation method of the metal and non-metal material combined piece comprises:

[0005] providing a metal base material, forming a nano-scale pore structure on a surface of the metal base material, and the nano-scale pore structure has a pore diameter of 100 nm-1000 nm;

[0006] using 3D printing to form a molten thermoplastic fiber composite material on the surface of the metal base material, and part of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is filled in the nano-scale pore structure, wherein the thermoplastic fiber composite material comprises a thermoplastic material and continuous fibers, and the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 40%-80%.

[0007] Optionally, the providing the metal base material and forming the nano-scale pore structure on the surface of the metal base material comprises using a pulsed laser or chemical corrosion to form the nano-scale pore structure on the surface of the metal base material.

[0008] Optionally, the nano-scale pore structure is formed on the surface of the metal base material by using a pulsed laser, and the laser frequency is 100 KHz-10 MHz, and the scanning speed is 100 mm / s-1500 mm / s.

[0009] Optionally, when the 3D printing is performed, the temperature of the metal base material is 30°C-100°C.

[0010] Optionally, the using 3D printing to form the thermoplastic fiber composite material on the surface of the metal base material comprises:

[0011] The thermoplastic fiber prepreg or the fiber bundle of the thermoplastic material and continuous fibers is simultaneously fed into the inside of the 3D printing nozzle and is sprayed and formed on the surface of the metal base.

[0012] Optionally, the thermoplastic material comprises at least one of ABS, PC, ABS, PA, PPA, PBT, COP, PPE, LCP, PEI, PEEK, TPV.

[0013] Optionally, the continuous fibers comprise at least one of carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, Kevlar fibers.

[0014] Optionally, when 3D printing is performed, the thermoplastic fiber composite material is formed on the surface of the metal base by using a printing temperature of 50-300℃ and a printing speed of 0.5-5mm / s.

[0015] Optionally, the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 0.4-2.5mm.

[0016] According to a second aspect of the present application, a metal material and non-metal material combined piece is provided. The combined piece is prepared according to the preparation method of the metal material and non-metal material combined piece.

[0017] In the embodiments of the present application, the thermoplastic fiber composite material is formed on the surface of the metal base by 3D printing to obtain the metal material and non-metal material combined piece. By forming the nano-scale pore structure with a pore size of 100-1000nm on the surface of the metal base, the thermoplastic fiber composite material in a molten state can be completely filled into the nano-scale pore structure, so that the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite material and the metal base is large. By setting the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material to 40-80%, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is high, and the bonding force between the fiber bundles of the continuous fibers and / or between the continuous fibers and the metal base is high, so that the thermoplastic fiber composite material is prevented from falling off or dry yarns appear on the surface of the thermoplastic fiber composite material. The processing efficiency of the preparation method is high, and the thermoplastic composite material with a complex structure can be prepared. The bonding force between the metal base and the thermoplastic fiber composite material of the combined piece prepared by the preparation method is large, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is high, and the appearance is good.

[0018] Other features of the present application, and their advantages, will become apparent in the non-limiting examples of the present application described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0020] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a metal material and non-metal material combined piece according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of the components and steps set forth in the embodiments, numerical expressions, and numerical values, unless specifically stated otherwise, do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0022] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the application, its application, or uses.

[0023] Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail herein. However, where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered as being part of the specification.

[0024] In all of the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values.

[0025] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters in the various figures indicate similar items, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it should not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

[0026] A method for preparing a metal material and non-metal material combined piece according to an embodiment of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present application, a method for preparing a metal material and non-metal material combined piece is provided. As shown in Figure 1 the method for preparing a metal material and non-metal material combined piece includes:

[0028] providing a metal substrate, forming a nano-scale porous structure on a surface of the metal substrate, the nano-scale porous structure having a pore size of 100 nm to 1000 nm;

[0029] forming a thermoplastic fiber composite material in a molten state on the surface of the metal substrate by 3D printing, a portion of the thermoplastic fiber composite material being filled in the nano-scale porous structure, wherein the thermoplastic fiber composite material includes a thermoplastic material and continuous fibers, the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material being 40% to 80%.

[0030] Specifically, the material of the metal substrate includes aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel, copper alloy, titanium alloy, titanium, aluminum, copper, etc. The metal substrate is processed into a set structure by CNC processing. The metal substrate is subjected to roughening treatment. The purpose of the roughening treatment is to form a nano-scale pore structure on the surface of the metal substrate to increase the specific surface area of the metal substrate, thereby improving the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite and the metal substrate. The nano-scale pore structure is a blind hole. After roughening treatment, the pore size of the nano-scale pore structure is 100-1000 nm.

[0031] It should be noted that the nano-scale pore structure is a plurality of blind holes formed on the surface of the metal substrate. When 3D printing is performed, part of the thermoplastic material of the thermoplastic fiber composite can be filled in the blind hole, and can be fixed in the blind hole after the thermoplastic material is solidified. This connection structure can significantly increase the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite and the metal substrate. If the pore size of the nano-scale pore structure is too small, the bonding force between the thermoplastic material and the metal substrate is small; on the contrary, if the pore size is too large, the molten thermoplastic material cannot completely fill into the nano-scale pore structure. When the pore size of the nano-scale pore structure is 100-1000 nm, the molten thermoplastic material can completely fill into the nano-scale pore structure, thereby increasing the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite and the metal substrate.

[0032] Alternatively, the pore size of the nano-scale pore structure is 100 nm, 150 nm, 200 nm, 250 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1000 nm, etc. Those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs.

[0033] 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a preparation process for manufacturing three-dimensional entities by layer-by-layer accumulation and layer-by-layer paving of printing materials based on a digital model file (for example, a CAD model). In the embodiments of the present application, the thermoplastic fiber composite is used as the printing material. The thermoplastic fiber composite includes a thermoplastic fiber prepreg or includes a thermoplastic material and continuous fibers. When the thermoplastic fiber prepreg is used, the thermoplastic fiber prepreg can be directly 3D printed through the nozzle of the 3D printing equipment. When the thermoplastic material and continuous fibers are used, the fiber bundle of the thermoplastic material and continuous fibers is simultaneously fed into the inside of the printing nozzle, and the printing nozzle heats the thermoplastic material to a molten state under the action of the heater. The fiber bundle in the thermoplastic fiber composite is continuously fed into the printing nozzle under the extrusion action of the molten thermoplastic material, and is extruded from the printing nozzle and printed on the surface of the metal substrate.

[0034] In this embodiment, when 3D printing is performed, the thermoplastic material is melted after being heated in the printing nozzle and adheres to the continuous fibers, and the two are output in a line from the printing nozzle of the printing device and are adhered and formed on the surface of the metal base material.

[0035] It should be noted that when the content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite is too low, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite formed is low and cannot meet the use requirements; on the contrary, when the content of the continuous fibers is too high, the content of the thermoplastic material between the fiber bundles of the continuous fibers and / or between the continuous fibers and the metal base material is too low, the adhesion is insufficient, and the thermoplastic fiber composite is easily peeled off or the surface of the metal material and non-metal material combined part appears dry yarn, resulting in poor product surface. When the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite is 40%-80%, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite can be ensured to be high, and the adhesion between the fiber bundles of the continuous fibers and / or between the continuous fibers and the metal base material can be high, avoiding the peeling of the thermoplastic fiber composite or the appearance of dry yarn on the surface of the metal material and non-metal material combined part.

[0036] Alternatively, the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite is 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, etc., which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present application, 3D printing is used to form a thermoplastic fiber composite on the surface of a metal base material to obtain a metal material and non-metal material combined part. By forming a nano-scale pore structure with a pore diameter of 100-1000 nm on the surface of the metal base material, the thermoplastic fiber composite in a molten state can be completely filled into the nano-scale pore structure, thereby increasing the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite and the metal base material. By setting the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite to 40%-80%, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite can be ensured to be high, and the adhesion between the fiber bundles of the continuous fibers and / or between the continuous fibers and the metal base material can be high, avoiding the peeling of the thermoplastic fiber composite or the appearance of dry yarn on the surface of the thermoplastic fiber composite. The processing efficiency of the preparation method is high, and a thermoplastic fiber composite with a complex structure can be prepared. The bonding force between the metal base material and the thermoplastic fiber composite of the prepared combined part is large, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite is high, and the appearance is good.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, in the 3D printing device, the printing nozzle is used to melt the thermoplastic resin. The printing temperature refers to the temperature of the printing nozzle of the printing device. The temperature of the printing nozzle is set to 50-300 DEG C, at which the thermoplastic material can be effectively melted to obtain fluidity. It needs to be explained that when the printing temperature is too low, the thermoplastic material cannot be effectively melted, resulting in poor fluidity; on the contrary, when the printing temperature is too high, the thermoplastic material is prone to carbonization and aging, resulting in denaturation of the thermoplastic material. When the printing temperature is 50-300 DEG C, the thermoplastic material can be effectively melted, and carbonization and aging of the thermoplastic material can be avoided.

[0039] Optionally, the printing temperature is 50 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 150 DEG C, 200 DEG C, 250 DEG C, 300 DEG C, etc., which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the thermoplastic fiber composite material is formed on the surface of the metal base material by 3D printing to obtain a metal material and non-metal material combined piece. By forming a nano-pore structure with a pore size of 100-1000 nm on the surface of the metal base material, the thermoplastic fiber composite material in a molten state can be completely filled into the nano-pore structure, so that the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite material and the metal base material is large. By setting the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material to 40-80%, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material can be ensured to be high, and the bonding force between the fiber bundles of the continuous fibers and / or between the continuous fibers and the metal base material can be high, avoiding the falling of the thermoplastic fiber composite material or the appearance of dry yarn on the surface of the metal material and non-metal material combined piece.

[0041] In addition, by setting the printing temperature to 50-300 DEG C, the thermoplastic fiber composite material can be effectively melted, and carbonization and aging of the thermoplastic fiber composite material can be avoided, so that part of the thermoplastic fiber composite material can be effectively filled into the nano-pore structure. The processing efficiency of the preparation method is high, and continuous fibers of complex structure can be prepared. The metal material and non-metal material combined piece has a large bonding force between the metal base material and the thermoplastic fiber composite material, a high structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material, and a good appearance.

[0042] In one specific embodiment of the present application, the metal base material is provided, and the nano-pore structure is formed on the surface of the metal base material by using pulsed laser or chemical etching.

[0043] In the implementation, the metal substrate is roughened by the above processing technology to form a nano-scale porous structure. The pulsed laser refers to the use of high energy density of pulsed laser beam to remove part of the material on the surface of the metal substrate to form a nano-scale porous structure. The chemical corrosion refers to the use of chemical reagents to corrode the metal substrate to form a nano-scale porous structure. The above processes can form a nano-scale porous structure on the surface of the metal substrate, and a person skilled in the art can select according to actual needs.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present application, a pulsed laser is used to form a nano-scale porous structure on the surface of the metal substrate, wherein the laser frequency is 100 KHz-10 MHz, and the scanning speed is 100 mm / s-1500 mm / s.

[0045] In this embodiment, a pulsed laser is used to form a nano-scale porous structure on the surface of the metal substrate. By controlling the laser frequency and scanning speed, the pore size of the nano-scale porous structure and the formation speed can be controlled. When the laser frequency is too low and the scanning speed is too high, the pore size of the nano-scale porous structure is too small; on the contrary, when the laser frequency is too high and the scanning speed is too low, the pore size of the nano-scale porous structure is too large. When the laser frequency is 100 KHz-10 MHz and the scanning speed is 100 mm / s-1500 mm / s, the pore size of the nano-scale porous structure formed on the surface of the metal substrate is 100 nm-1000 nm, thereby ensuring the bonding force between the metal substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite material.

[0046] Alternatively, the laser frequency is 100 KHz, 150 KHz, 200 KHz, 250 KHz, 300 KHz, 400 KHZ, 600 KHZ, 800 KHZ, 1 MHZ, 5 MHZ, 10 MHZ, etc., and the scanning speed is 100 mm / s, 200 mm / s, 300 mm / s, 400 mm / s, 500 mm / s, 600 mm / s, 800 mm / s, 1000 mm / s, 1100 mm / s, 1300 mm / s, 1500 mm / s, etc. A person skilled in the art can select according to actual needs.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, when 3D printing is performed, the temperature of the metal substrate is 30℃-100℃.

[0048] Specifically, before 3D printing, the metal substrate is placed in the printing device, and the metal substrate is preheated by the heating mechanism in the 3D printing device, for example, to 30-100°C; then, 3D printing is performed. It needs to be noted that when the temperature of the metal substrate is too high, the solidification speed of the thermoplastic material is too slow, which causes the thermoplastic fiber composite material and the metal substrate to be unable to effectively form a larger bonding force; and when the temperature of the metal substrate is too low, the solidification speed of the thermoplastic material is too fast, which can cause the thermoplastic fiber composite material to not completely fill the nano-scale pore structure, resulting in a lower bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite material and the metal substrate. When the temperature of the metal substrate is 30-100°C, the solidification speed of the thermoplastic material is moderate, the thermoplastic fiber composite material can completely fill the nano-scale pore structure, and the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite material and the metal substrate is large.

[0049] Alternatively, the temperature of the metal substrate is 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 70°C, 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, etc., which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0050] In one specific embodiment of the present application, the thermoplastic fiber composite material comprises a thermoplastic fiber prepreg, and the thermoplastic fiber prepreg comprises the thermoplastic material and the continuous fibers, and the continuous fibers are pre-impregnated in the thermoplastic material.

[0051] In this embodiment, the thermoplastic fiber prepreg refers to a semi-finished material formed by pre-impregnating continuous fibers into a thermoplastic material, which can be processed into a product with a set structure through subsequent solidification processing. The thermoplastic fiber prepreg is an intermediate material for forming a composite material. When 3D printing is performed, the thermoplastic fiber prepreg is added to the printing nozzle, heated by the heating mechanism, so that the thermoplastic material reaches a molten state, and then the thermoplastic fiber prepreg is output in a line shape from the printing nozzle and attached to the surface of the metal substrate.

[0052] In one specific embodiment of the present application, the thermoplastic material comprises at least one of ABS, PC, ABS, PA, PPA, PBT, COP, PPE, LCP, PEI, PEEK, and TPV.

[0053] Specifically, when 3D printing is performed, the thermoplastic material can be any one or a mixture of multiple of ABS, PC, ABS, PC, PA, PPA, PBT, COP, PPE, LCP, PEI, PEEK, and TPV. The thermoplastic material is added to the printing nozzle of the 3D printing device and is melted by the heating mechanism. The above-mentioned materials can be melted in the 3D printing device and attached to the continuous fibers.

[0054] In one embodiment, the thermoplastic fiber composite material is made of thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) and continuous fibers.

[0055] In one embodiment, the continuous fibers include at least one of carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, and Kevlar fibers.

[0056] In this embodiment, the continuous fibers can be any one or a mixture of carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers, and Kevlar fibers. The above continuous fibers can be bonded together with the molten thermoplastic material.

[0057] In one embodiment, the diameter of the printing nozzle is 0.2mm-2mm and the printing speed is 0.5mm / s-5mm / s when 3D printing is performed.

[0058] In practice, the diameter of the printing nozzle and the printing speed are controlled to further improve the bonding strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material to the metal substrate and the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material.

[0059] The diameter of the printing nozzle determines the amount of the thermoplastic fiber composite material discharged. When the diameter of the printing nozzle is too large, the amount of the thermoplastic fiber composite material discharged is large, the printed lines are thick, and voids are easily formed between adjacent lines, resulting in a small bonding strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material to the metal substrate. Conversely, when the diameter of the printing nozzle is too small, the amount of the thermoplastic fiber composite material discharged is small, the printed lines are thin, and the printing nozzle is easily blocked. When the diameter of the printing nozzle is 0.2mm-2mm, voids between adjacent lines are effectively avoided, and the printing nozzle is less likely to be blocked.

[0060] Alternatively, the diameter of the printing nozzle can be 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, etc., which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0061] The printing speed refers to the travel speed of the printing nozzle. When the printing speed is too fast, the adjacent lines are prone to poor combination, the molten thermoplastic material does not completely fill the nano-scale pore structure, and the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite material and the metal base material is small. On the contrary, when the printing speed is too slow, the cooling time of the line is too long, the internal shrinkage stress of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is too large, and the printing material is prone to warping and deformation. In addition, too fast or too slow printing speed will cause the roughness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material to be large, the continuous fibers to be broken, and the appearance to be affected. When the printing speed is 0.5mm / s-5mm / s, the adjacent lines have strong bonding force, the molten thermoplastic material completely fills the nano-scale pore structure, the printing material is prevented from warping and deforming, the roughness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is small, and the continuous fibers are prevented from being broken.

[0062] Optionally, the printing speed is 0.5mm / s, 1mm / s, 1.5mm / s, 2mm / s, 2.5mm / s, 3mm / s, 3.5mm / s, 4mm / s, 4.5mm / s, 5mm / s, etc. Those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs.

[0063] In one specific embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 0.4mm-2.5mm.

[0064] It should be noted that the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material has a greater impact on the structural strength and roughness. When the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is too small, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is low. On the contrary, when the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is too large, the processing speed is slow. Moreover, when the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is too large or too small, the roughness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is large. When the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 0.4mm-2.5mm, the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is high, the roughness is small, and the processing speed is fast.

[0065] Optionally, the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, etc. Those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs.

[0066] According to another embodiment of the present application, a metal material and non-metal material combined piece is provided. The metal material and non-metal material combined piece is prepared according to the preparation method of the metal material and non-metal material combined piece.

[0067] The metal material and non-metal material combined piece has the characteristics of high structural strength, low overall density, and large bonding force between different composite layers. The metal material and non-metal material combined piece has the characteristics of high structural strength, low overall density, and large bonding force between different composite layers.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] In this example, the metal substrate is an aluminum alloy substrate. The thermoplastic fiber composite material includes PA and continuous carbon fibers, wherein the mass content of the continuous carbon fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 50%.

[0070] A nanoscale porous structure is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate by laser etching, the laser frequency is 1 MHZ, and the scanning speed is 1000 mm / s. The pore size of the formed nanoscale porous structure is 100 nm-300 nm.

[0071] The aluminum alloy substrate is placed into a 3D printing device, and the preheating temperature of the aluminum alloy substrate is 50°C. The PA and continuous carbon fibers are added into a printing nozzle and melted, the diameter of the printing nozzle is 0.25 mm, the printing speed is 0.5 mm / s, and the printing temperature is 200°C. The thickness of the 3D printed thermoplastic fiber composite material is 0.4 mm.

[0072] After the thermoplastic fiber composite material is cured, the bonding force between the aluminum alloy substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite material is measured. Specifically, the area of the bonding surface of the aluminum alloy substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 0.5 cm 2 (20 mm*25 mm), the sample is symmetrically clamped on a universal testing machine, and the distance from the clamping position to the nearest bonding end is 25 mm. The testing machine performs tensile testing at a constant test speed, for example, 5 mm / min, and the maximum load when the sample is sheared and broken is recorded, which is the bonding force.

[0073] It is measured that the bonding force is 30 MPa.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] In this example, the metal substrate is an aluminum alloy substrate. The thermoplastic fiber composite material includes PA and continuous carbon fibers, wherein the mass content of the continuous carbon fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 50%.

[0076] A nanoscale porous structure is formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate by laser etching, the laser frequency is 800 KHZ, and the scanning speed is 1200 mm / s. The pore size of the formed nanoscale porous structure is 100 nm-300 nm.

[0077] The aluminum alloy substrate is placed into a 3D printing device, and the preheating temperature of the aluminum alloy substrate is 50°C. The PA and continuous carbon fibers are added into a printing nozzle and melted, the diameter of the printing nozzle is 0.25 mm, the printing speed is 0.5 mm / s, and the printing temperature is 200°C. The thickness of the 3D printed thermoplastic fiber composite material is 0.4 mm.

[0078] After the thermoplastic fiber composite material was cured, the bonding force between the aluminum alloy substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite material was measured. The measurement method is as described in Example 1.

[0079] The measured bonding force was 30 MPa.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] In Comparative Example 1, the metal substrate was an aluminum alloy substrate. The thermoplastic fiber composite material included PA and continuous carbon fibers, wherein the mass content of the continuous carbon fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material was 50%.

[0082] A nanoscale pore structure was formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate by laser etching, with a laser frequency of 500 KHz and a scanning speed of 500 mm / s. The surface of the aluminum alloy substrate formed a clear groove structure.

[0083] The aluminum alloy substrate was placed into a 3D printing device, and the preheating temperature of the aluminum alloy substrate was 50°C. The PA and continuous carbon fibers were added to the printing nozzle and melted, with a printing nozzle diameter of 0.25 mm, a printing speed of 0.1 mm / s, and a printing temperature of 200°C. The thickness of the 3D printed thermoplastic fiber composite material was 0.3 mm.

[0084] After the thermoplastic fiber composite material was cured, the bonding force between the aluminum alloy substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite material was measured. The measurement method is as described in Example 1.

[0085] The measured bonding force was 3 MPa.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] In Comparative Example 2, the metal substrate was an aluminum alloy substrate. The thermoplastic fiber composite material included PA and continuous carbon fibers, wherein the mass content of the continuous carbon fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material was 50%.

[0088] A nanoscale pore structure was formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate by laser etching, with a laser frequency of 10 MHZ and a scanning speed of 1500 mm / s. The surface of the aluminum alloy substrate had no obvious pore structure.

[0089] The aluminum alloy substrate was placed into a 3D printing device, and the preheating temperature of the aluminum alloy substrate was 50°C. The PA and continuous carbon fibers were added to the printing nozzle and melted, with a printing nozzle diameter of 1 mm, a printing speed of 5.5 mm / s, and a printing temperature of 200°C. The thickness of the 3D printed thermoplastic fiber composite material was 1.1 mm.

[0090] After the thermoplastic fiber composite material was cured, the bonding force between the aluminum alloy substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite material was measured. The measurement method is as described in Example 1.

[0091] The measured bonding force was 4 MPa.

[0092] In summary, in Example 1 and Example 2, the metal material and non-metal material combined piece was prepared by the preparation method of the metal material and non-metal material combined piece of the embodiment of the present application. During preparation, by forming a nano-scale pore structure with a pore size of 100-1000 nm on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate, the thermoplastic material in a molten state can be completely filled into the nano-scale pore structure, so that the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite and the aluminum alloy substrate is large. By setting the diameter of the printing nozzle of the 3D printing equipment to 0.25 mm, it can effectively avoid the formation of voids between adjacent lines and reduce the phenomenon of printing nozzle blockage. By setting the printing speed of 3D printing to 0.5 mm / s, it can make the bonding force between adjacent lines strong, the thermoplastic fiber composite in a molten state completely fill the nano-scale pore structure, avoid the warping and deformation of the printing material, the roughness of the thermoplastic fiber composite is small, and continuous fiber breakage is avoided. By setting the thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite to 0.4 mm, it can ensure that the thermoplastic fiber composite has high structural strength and small roughness, and also takes into account the fast processing speed. The bonding force between the aluminum alloy substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite of the metal material and non-metal material combined piece is large, and the structural strength of the thermoplastic fiber composite is high. In addition, when the preheating temperature of the aluminum alloy substrate is 50°C, the solidification speed of the thermoplastic material is moderate, and the thermoplastic fiber composite can completely fill the nano-scale pore structure, so that the bonding force between the thermoplastic fiber composite and the aluminum alloy substrate is large. The printing temperature is 200°C, which can ensure that the thermoplastic material is effectively melted and avoid carbonization and aging of the thermoplastic material. In the metal material and non-metal material combined piece of Example 1 and Example 2, the bonding force between the aluminum alloy substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite is large, both reaching 30 MPa, meeting the production requirements.

[0093] However, in the preparation method of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, due to the mismatch between the laser frequency and the scanning speed of laser etching, the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate cannot form a nano-scale pore structure with a pore size of 100-1000 nm, and during 3D printing, the printing speed and the thickness of the formed thermoplastic fiber composite are not suitable, resulting in a small bonding force between the aluminum alloy substrate and the thermoplastic fiber composite.

[0094] In the above examples, the focus is on the differences between the various embodiments, and the different optimization features between the various embodiments can be combined to form a better embodiment as long as they are not contradictory. Considering the brevity of the text, it will not be repeated here.

[0095] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a combination of metal and non-metal materials, characterized in that: include: Providing a metal substrate, forming a nanoscale pore structure on the surface of the metal substrate, wherein the pore size of the nanoscale pore structure is 100 nm to 300 nm, wherein the nanoscale pore structure is formed on the surface of the metal substrate using a pulsed laser, wherein the laser frequency is 100 kHz to 10 MHz and the scanning speed is 100 mm / s to 1500 mm / s; 3D printing is used to form a molten thermoplastic fiber composite material on the surface of the metal substrate, and the thermoplastic fiber composite material is partially filled in the nanoscale pore structure, wherein the thermoplastic fiber composite material includes a thermoplastic material and continuous fibers, and the mass content of the continuous fibers in the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 40%-80%. When 3D printing is performed, the printing temperature is 50°C-300°C, the temperature of the metal substrate is 30°C-100°C, and the printing speed is 0.5mm / s-5mm / s, and the thermoplastic fiber composite material is formed on the surface of the metal substrate.

2. The method for preparing a metal-nonmetallic material combination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of forming the thermoplastic fiber composite material on the surface of the metal substrate by 3D printing comprises: Thermoplastic fiber prepreg, or fiber bundles of thermoplastic material and continuous fiber are simultaneously fed into the nozzle of 3D printing and spray-molded on the surface of the metal substrate.

3. The method for preparing a metal-non-metallic material combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thermoplastic material includes at least one of ABS, PC, ABS, PA, PPA, PBT, COP, PPE, LCP, PEI, PEEK, and TPV.

4. The method for preparing a metal-nonmetallic material combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The continuous fiber includes at least one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, and Kevlar fiber.

5. The method for preparing a metal-nonmetallic material combination according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the thermoplastic fiber composite material is 0.4 mm to 2.5 mm.

6. A metal and non-metal material combination, characterized in that: The method for preparing a combination of metal material and non-metallic material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used.

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