Modified chemical-corrosion-resistant ABS material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a modified chemical corrosion-resistant ABS material, the ABS material comprises an ABS base material and a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrostatic spinning membrane, the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrostatic spinning membrane is formed by blending silicon dioxide, xanthan gum and polyethyleneimine, and the two sides of the electrostatic spinning membrane are loaded with different densified nanosheet materials. The corrosion-resistant filler in gradient distribution is designed and combined with the swellable electrostatic spinning membrane to achieve a synergistic effect, so that the effect of resisting acid and alkali corrosion is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and particularly relates to a modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), as a thermoplastic engineering plastic with excellent comprehensive properties, has been widely used in fields such as automobiles, electronics and electrical appliances, building materials, etc. due to its combination of the chemical resistance of acrylonitrile, the toughness of butadiene, and the easy processability of styrene. However, its chemical corrosion resistance has significant limitations. Especially in environments of strong acids, strong alkalis, and some organic solvents, it is prone to swelling, stress cracking, and even structural damage, which has become the core bottleneck restricting its expansion to high-end applications such as chemical equipment and storage of highly corrosive media. To improve the chemical corrosion resistance of ABS materials, researchers have conducted in-depth exploration through various modification technologies, mainly including blending modification, surface treatment, nano-filler reinforcement, and chemical grafting modification, etc. Blending modification is one of the common methods to improve the chemical corrosion resistance of ABS. By blending ABS with other high-performance polymers (such as polycarbonate PC, polyamide PA, etc.) to form alloy materials, its chemical resistance and mechanical properties can be significantly improved. For example, the PC / ABS alloy not only has excellent heat resistance and impact resistance but also can effectively resist the erosion of corrosive media such as acids and alkalis. In addition, researchers have also tried to blend ABS with engineering plastics such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) to further optimize its chemical corrosion resistance; The surface treatment technology forms a protective layer on the surface of ABS to block the penetration of corrosive media, thereby improving its chemical corrosion resistance. Common surface treatment methods include electroplating, coating, and chemical grafting, etc.; The introduction of nano-fillers has been an important research direction for modifying ABS materials in recent years. By adding nano-materials such as nano-clay and graphene, the mechanical properties and chemical corrosion resistance of ABS can be significantly improved. For example, the uniform dispersion of nano-clay in the ABS matrix can effectively block the penetration of corrosive media and at the same time enhance the strength and hardness of the material. In addition, the addition of graphene not only improves the electrical conductivity and thermal stability of ABS but also significantly enhances its acid and alkali resistance; Chemical grafting modification improves its chemical corrosion resistance by changing the molecular structure of ABS and introducing functional groups. For example, researchers have significantly improved the acid and alkali resistance of the material by grafting fluorine-containing groups onto the ABS molecular chain. Although the above modification technologies have achieved certain results, they still face some technical challenges: The dispersion uniformity of nano-fillers in the ABS matrix directly affects the performance stability of the material, and the dispersion process needs to be further optimized; The durability of the existing surface treatment technologies is insufficient and they are prone to failure after long-term use, and more durable protective layers need to be developed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Technical problem to be solved: The object of the present invention is to provide a modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material and its preparation method, which can achieve the effect of acid and alkali corrosion resistance through the synergistic effect of designing gradient-distributed anti-corrosion fillers and combining with swellable electrospun membranes.

[0004] Technical solution: A modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material, the ABS material includes an ABS substrate and a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane, the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane is spun from a mixture of silica, xanthan gum and polyethyleneimine, and different densified nano-sheet materials are loaded on both sides of the electrospun membrane. Preferably, the nano-sheet material includes any one or more of graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, montmorillonite nanosheets or layered montmorillonite. Preferably, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane includes the following steps: S11. Provide an aqueous xanthan gum solution, an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution and porous silica micro-nano particles; S12. Add the porous silica micro-nano particles and the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution to the aqueous xanthan gum solution in sequence, mix evenly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Electrospin the mixed spinning solution to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a dryer containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction to obtain a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. Preferably, the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum in the aqueous xanthan gum solution is 20,000 to 30,000, and the concentration of the aqueous xanthan gum solution is 1 to 3 wt%; and / or, the weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine in the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution is 80,000 to 100,000, and the concentration of the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution is 40 to 60 wt%; and / or, the mass ratio of the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution, the aqueous xanthan gum solution and the porous silica micro-nano particles is 30 to 50:10:3 to 5. Preferably, the parameters of the electrospinning are a spinning voltage of 15 to 20 kV, a flow rate of 0.2 to 0.3 mL / h, and an acceptance distance of 15 to 18 cm. The preparation method of the above-mentioned modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material includes the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add nano-sheet materials and a photoinitiator, and disperse evenly to obtain a high-concentration solution; S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add nano-sheet materials and a photoinitiator, and disperse evenly to obtain a low-concentration solution; S3. Coat different high and low concentration solutions on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. Composite the composite electrospun membrane with an ABS sheet, and use the side coated with the low concentration solution to be composite with the ABS sheet, and perform ultraviolet irradiation after the composite to obtain a modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material. Preferably, in the step S1, the mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and nano-sheet material is 30-40:10-20:5-8:1-2. Preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and nano-sheet material is 30-40:10-20:3-4:1-2. Preferably, in the step S3, the time of ultraviolet irradiation is 10-15 min. Beneficial effects: The modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. In the present invention, a gradient-distributed nano-sheet anti-corrosion material is introduced into the ABS matrix to construct a gradient structure in which the concentration of the anti-corrosion material gradually decreases from the surface to the inside. The high-concentration anti-corrosion material on the surface can effectively block the penetration of the corrosive medium, while the lower concentration inside ensures the mechanical properties of the material. 2. In the present invention, by utilizing the swelling characteristics of the materials in the electrospun membrane, polyethyleneimine will undergo controllable swelling in an acidic environment to form a dense protective layer, thereby preventing the further penetration of the corrosive medium. At the same time, silica with a high specific surface area is added to the electrospun membrane. Silica reduces the penetration rate of acidic and alkaline substances through physical adsorption, improving the chemical corrosion resistance of the material; 3. In the present invention, the gradient densification structure can effectively delay the penetration rate of the corrosive medium and provide preliminary protection for the material; the swelling material swells under the action of the corrosive medium, filling the micropores and defects on the surface of the material to form a dense protective layer, further preventing the penetration of the corrosive medium. The synergistic effect of the two mechanisms can significantly improve the chemical corrosion resistance of the material and extend its service life. Specific embodiments The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The following embodiments are explanations of the present invention and the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments: Embodiment 1 A preparation method of a modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material, comprising the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and nano-sheet material is 30:10:5:1, and disperse uniformly to obtain a high-concentration solution; S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator, and the nano-sheet material is 30:10:3:1, and disperse uniformly to obtain a low-concentration solution; S3. Coat different high- and low-concentration solutions on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. Composite the composite electrospun membrane and an ABS sheet. Use the side coated with the low-concentration solution to be composite with the ABS sheet, and perform ultraviolet irradiation for 10 min after composite to obtain a modified chemically resistant ABS material; Among them, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane includes the following steps: S11. Provide an aqueous xanthan gum solution with a concentration of 1 wt%, an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution with a concentration of 40 wt%, and porous silica micro-nano particles with a specific surface area of 550 m 2 / g. The weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 80,000, and the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum is 20,000; S12. Add the porous silica micro-nano particles and the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution to the aqueous xanthan gum solution successively. The mass ratio of the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution, the aqueous xanthan gum solution, and the porous silica micro-nano particles is 30:10:3, and mix uniformly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Perform electrospinning on the mixed spinning solution. The parameters of electrospinning are: spinning voltage is 15 kV, flow rate is 0.2 mL / h, and receiving distance is 15 cm to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a dryer containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction for 12 h to obtain a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. Example 2 The preparation method of the modified chemically resistant ABS material includes the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator, and the nano-sheet material is 40:20:8:2, and disperse uniformly to obtain a high-concentration solution; S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator, and the nano-sheet material is 40:20:4:2, and disperse uniformly to obtain a low-concentration solution; S3. Coat different high- and low-concentration solutions on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. Composite the composite electrospun membrane and the ABS sheet, and composite the side coated with the low-concentration solution with the ABS sheet. After composite, perform ultraviolet irradiation for 15 min to obtain the modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material; Among them, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane includes the following steps: S11. Provide an aqueous xanthan gum solution with a concentration of 3 wt%, an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution with a concentration of 60 wt%, and porous silica micro-nano particles with a specific surface area of 550 m 2 / g. The weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 100,000, and the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum is 30,000; S12. Add the porous silica micro-nano particles and the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution to the aqueous xanthan gum solution successively. The mass ratio of the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution, the aqueous xanthan gum solution, and the porous silica micro-nano particles is 50:10:5. Mix evenly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Perform electrospinning on the mixed spinning solution. The parameters of electrospinning are: spinning voltage is 20 kV, flow rate is 0.3 mL / h, and receiving distance is 18 cm to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a dryer containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction for 12 h to obtain the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. Example 3 The preparation method of the modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material includes the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator, and the nano-sheet material is 35:15:6:1. Disperse evenly to obtain a high-concentration solution; S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator, and the nano-sheet material is 35:15:3.5:1.2. Disperse evenly to obtain a low-concentration solution; S3. Coat different high- and low-concentration solutions on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. Composite the composite electrospun membrane and the ABS sheet, and composite the side coated with the low-concentration solution with the ABS sheet. After composite, perform ultraviolet irradiation for 15 min to obtain the modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material; Among them, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane includes the following steps: S11. Provide an aqueous xanthan gum solution with a concentration of 2 wt%, an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution with a concentration of 50 wt%, and porous silica micro-nano particles with a specific surface area of 550 m 2Porous silica micro-nano particles of / g, the weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 80,000, and the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum is 25,000; S12. Add the porous silica micro-nano particles and the polyethyleneimine aqueous solution to the xanthan gum aqueous solution successively. The mass ratio of the polyethyleneimine aqueous solution, the xanthan gum aqueous solution and the porous silica micro-nano particles is 40:10:4. Mix evenly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Electrospun the mixed spinning solution. The parameters of electrospinning are: the spinning voltage is 18 kV, the flow rate is 0.3 mL / h, and the receiving distance is 16 cm to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a dryer containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction for 12 h to obtain a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that the specific surface area of the porous silica micro-nano particles is 750 m 2 / g; A preparation method of a modified chemically resistant ABS material, comprising the following steps: S1. After mixing styrene and acrylonitrile evenly, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator and the nano-sheet material is 35:15:6:1. Disperse evenly to obtain a high-concentration solution; S2. After mixing styrene and acrylonitrile evenly, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator and the nano-sheet material is 35:15:3.5:1.2. Disperse evenly to obtain a low-concentration solution; S3. Coat different high and low concentration solutions on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. Composite the composite electrospun membrane and the ABS sheet. Use the side coated with the low-concentration solution to composite with the ABS sheet. After composite, perform ultraviolet irradiation for 15 min to obtain a modified chemically resistant ABS material; Among them, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane comprises the following steps: S11. Provide a xanthan gum aqueous solution with a concentration of 2 wt%, a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution with a concentration of 50 wt% and porous silica micro-nano particles with a specific surface area of 750 m 2 / g, the weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 80,000, and the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum is 25,000; S12. Add porous silica micro-nano particles and polyethyleneimine aqueous solution to xanthan gum aqueous solution successively. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine aqueous solution, xanthan gum aqueous solution and porous silica micro-nano particles is 40:10:4. Mix evenly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Electrospun the mixed spinning solution. The parameters of electrospinning are: spinning voltage is 18 kV, flow rate is 0.3 mL / h, and receiving distance is 16 cm to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a dryer containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction for 12 h to obtain a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 3 is that the specific surface area of the porous silica micro-nano particles is 950 m 2 / g; A preparation method of a modified chemical corrosion-resistant ABS material includes the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and nano-sheet material is 35:15:6:1. Disperse evenly to obtain a high-concentration solution; S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and nano-sheet material is 35:15:3.5:1.2. Disperse evenly to obtain a low-concentration solution; S3. Coat different high and low concentration solutions on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. Composite the composite electrospun membrane and an ABS sheet. Use the side coated with the low-concentration solution to be composite with the ABS sheet. After composite, perform ultraviolet irradiation for 15 min to obtain a modified chemical corrosion-resistant ABS material; Among them, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane includes the following steps: S11. Provide a xanthan gum aqueous solution with a concentration of 2 wt%, a polyethyleneimine aqueous solution with a concentration of 50 wt% and porous silica micro-nano particles with a specific surface area of 950 m 2 / g. The weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 80,000, and the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum is 25,000; S12. Add porous silica micro-nano particles and polyethyleneimine aqueous solution to xanthan gum aqueous solution successively. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine aqueous solution, xanthan gum aqueous solution and porous silica micro-nano particles is 40:10:4. Mix evenly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Electrospin the mixed spinning solution with the electrospinning parameters of a spinning voltage of 18 kV, a flow rate of 0.3 mL / h, and a receiving distance of 16 cm to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a dryer containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction for 12 h to obtain a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 is that the specific surface area of the porous silica micro-nano particles is 200 m 2 / g. Comparative Example 2 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 is that instead of adding porous silica micro-nano particles, solid nano-silica particles are added. Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 3 is that the same concentration of mixed solution is coated on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; A preparation method of a modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material includes the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator and the nano-sheet material is 35:15:6:1, and disperse uniformly to obtain a mixed solution; S2. Coat the mixed solution on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S3. Composite the composite electrospun membrane and an ABS sheet, and perform ultraviolet irradiation for 15 min after the composite to obtain a modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material; Among them, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane includes the following steps: S11. Provide an aqueous xanthan gum solution with a concentration of 2 wt%, an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution with a concentration of 50 wt% and porous silica micro-nano particles with a specific surface area of 550 m 2 / g. The weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 80,000, and the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum is 25,000; S12. Add the porous silica micro-nano particles and the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution to the aqueous xanthan gum solution successively. The mass ratio of the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution, the aqueous xanthan gum solution and the porous silica micro-nano particles is 40:10:4, and mix uniformly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Electrospin the mixed spinning solution with the electrospinning parameters of a spinning voltage of 18 kV, a flow rate of 0.3 mL / h, and a receiving distance of 16 cm to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a desiccator containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction for 12 h to obtain the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. Comparative Example 4 The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 3 is that the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane is coated with the mixed solution on one side; A method for preparing a modified chemically resistant ABS material, comprising the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, the photoinitiator and the nano-sheet material is 35:15:6:1, and disperse uniformly to obtain a mixed solution; S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add a photoinitiator. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile and the photoinitiator is 35:15:1.2, and disperse uniformly to obtain a St / AN solution; S3. Coat the mixed solution and the St / AN solution on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane respectively to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. Composite the composite electrospun membrane and the ABS sheet. Use the side coated with the St / AN solution to composite with the ABS sheet. After composite, perform ultraviolet irradiation for 15 min to obtain the modified chemically resistant ABS material; Among them, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane comprises the following steps: S11. Provide an aqueous xanthan gum solution with a concentration of 2 wt%, an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution with a concentration of 50 wt% and porous silica micro-nano particles with a specific surface area of 550 m 2 / g. The weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 80,000, and the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum is 25,000; S12. Add the porous silica micro-nano particles and the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution to the aqueous xanthan gum solution successively. The mass ratio of the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution, the aqueous xanthan gum solution and the porous silica micro-nano particles is 40:10:4, and mix uniformly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Perform electrospinning on the mixed spinning solution. The parameters of electrospinning are a spinning voltage of 18 kV, a flow rate of 0.3 mL / h, and a receiving distance of 16 cm to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a desiccator containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction for 12 h to obtain the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. Comparative Example 5 The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 3 is that the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane is replaced with a polyacrylonitrile electrospun membrane; the preparation method of the modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material includes the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator are added. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and the nanosheet material is 35:15:6:1, and they are dispersed uniformly to obtain a high-concentration solution; S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator are added. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and the nanosheet material is 35:15:3.5:1.2, and they are dispersed uniformly to obtain a low-concentration solution; S3. Different high- and low-concentration solutions are respectively coated on both sides of the polyacrylonitrile electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. The composite electrospun membrane and the ABS sheet are compounded. The side coated with the low-concentration solution is compounded with the ABS sheet, and after compounding, it is irradiated with ultraviolet light for 15 min to obtain the modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material. Comparative Example 6 The difference between Comparative Example 6 and Example 3 is that the weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 20,000; The preparation method of the modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material includes the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator are added. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and the nanosheet material is 35:15:6:1, and they are dispersed uniformly to obtain a high-concentration solution; S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, hexagonal boron nitride and a photoinitiator are added. The mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator and the nanosheet material is 35:15:3.5:1.2, and they are dispersed uniformly to obtain a low-concentration solution; S3. Different high- and low-concentration solutions are respectively coated on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane to obtain a composite electrospun membrane; S4. The composite electrospun membrane and the ABS sheet are compounded. The side coated with the low-concentration solution is compounded with the ABS sheet, and after compounding, it is irradiated with ultraviolet light for 15 min to obtain the modified chemically corrosion-resistant ABS material; Among them, the preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane includes the following steps: S11. Provide an aqueous xanthan gum solution with a concentration of 2 wt%, an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution with a concentration of 50 wt% and porous silica micro-nano particles with a specific surface area of 550 m 2 / g. The weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine is 20,000, and the weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum is 25,000; S12. Add porous silica micro-nano particles and polyethyleneimine aqueous solution to xanthan gum aqueous solution successively. The mass ratio of polyethyleneimine aqueous solution, xanthan gum aqueous solution and porous silica micro-nano particles is 40:10:4. Mix them evenly to obtain a mixed spinning solution; S13. Electrospun the mixed spinning solution. The parameters of electrospinning are: spinning voltage is 18 kV, flow rate is 0.3 mL / h, and receiving distance is 16 cm to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane; S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a dryer containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction for 12 h to obtain a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. The tensile strength is tested according to GB / T1447-2005. The tensile specimen adopts Type I dumbbell shape, the tensile rate is 10 mm / min, and the gauge length is 50 mm; The notched impact strength is tested according to GB / T1043.1-2008. The impact direction is parallel to the specimen width. For a long specimen with a length of 80 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a height of 4 mm, the support line spacing is 62 mm; Place the tests in the examples and comparative examples in hydrochloric acid with pH = 2 and sodium hydroxide with pH = 12. After 168 h, test the tensile strength and impact strength. Table 1 shows the mechanical properties of the specimens prepared in the examples and comparative examples Tensile strength (MPa) <![CDATA[Izod impact strength (kJ / m 2 )]]> Example 1 50.7 13.2 Example 2 49.1 12.9 Example 3 51.4 13.0 Example 4 50.9 12.7 Example 5 51.1 13.3 Comparative Example 1 50.6 13.1 Comparative Example 2 48.8 12.6 Comparative Example 3 51.3 12.9 Comparative Example 4 50.9 13.3 Comparative Example 5 52.0 12.9 Comparative Example 6 51.6 12.7 Table 2 shows the mechanical properties of the specimens after acid-base treatment in the examples and comparative examples Obviously, the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the examples and are not limitations on the implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation modes here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modified chemically resistant ABS material, characterized in that: The ABS material includes an ABS substrate and a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. The xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane is composed of a blend of silica, xanthan gum, and polyethyleneimine, and nano-sheet materials with different densifications are loaded on both sides of the electrospun membrane.

2. The modified chemically resistant ABS material according to claim 1, wherein: The nano-sheet material includes any one or more of graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, montmorillonite nanosheets, or layered montmorillonite.

3. The modified chemically resistant ABS material according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation method of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane includes the following steps: S11. Provide an aqueous xanthan gum solution, an aqueous polyethyleneimine solution, and porous silica micro-nano particles. S12. Sequentially add the porous silica micro-nano particles and the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution to the aqueous xanthan gum solution, and mix evenly to obtain a mixed spinning solution. S13. Perform electrospinning on the mixed spinning solution to obtain an uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane. S14. Place the uncrosslinked xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane in a dryer containing glutaraldehyde for crosslinking reaction to obtain a xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane.

4. The modified chemically resistant ABS material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weight-average molecular weight of xanthan gum in the aqueous xanthan gum solution is 20,000 - 30,000, and the concentration of the aqueous xanthan gum solution is 1 - 3 wt%; and / or, The weight-average molecular weight of polyethyleneimine in the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution is 80,000 - 100,000, and the concentration of the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution is 40 - 60 wt%; and / or, The mass ratio of the aqueous polyethyleneimine solution, the aqueous xanthan gum solution, and the porous silica micro-nano particles is 30 - 50:10:3 - 5.

5. The modified chemically resistant ABS material according to claim 3, wherein: The parameters of the electrospinning are: the spinning voltage is 15 - 20 kV, the flow rate is 0.2 - 0.3 mL / h, and the receiving distance is 15 - 18 cm.

6. The preparation method of the modified chemically resistant ABS material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Include the following steps: S1. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add nano-sheet materials and a photoinitiator, and disperse evenly to obtain a high-concentration solution. S2. After uniformly mixing styrene and acrylonitrile, add nano-sheet materials and a photoinitiator, and disperse evenly to obtain a low-concentration solution. S3. Coat different high and low concentration solutions on both sides of the xanthan gum / polyethyleneimine electrospun membrane respectively to obtain a composite electrospun membrane. S4. Composite the composite electrospun membrane and an ABS sheet, use the side coated with the low-concentration solution to composite with the ABS sheet, and perform ultraviolet irradiation after composite to obtain a modified chemically resistant ABS material.

7. The preparation method of the modified chemically resistant ABS material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator, and nano-sheet materials is 30 - 40:10 - 20:5 - 8:1 - 2.

8. The preparation method of the modified chemically resistant ABS material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass ratio of styrene, acrylonitrile, photoinitiator, and nano-sheet materials is 30 - 40:10 - 20:3 - 4:1 - 2.

9. The preparation method of the modified chemically resistant ABS material according to claim 1, wherein: In step S3, the time of ultraviolet irradiation is 10 - 15 min.

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