Special adjustable PCB (printed circuit board) grillage vehicle for Plasma and automatic grillage adjusting device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of PCB production automation, in particular to an automatic grillage adjusting device which comprises a fixing support, an adjusting mechanism and a positioning mechanism are arranged on the fixing support, the PCB grillage vehicle in any one of the claims is carried on the positioning mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is located under the PCB grillage vehicle, and the PCB grillage vehicle is arranged on the fixing support. The positioning mechanism and the adjusting mechanism are electrically connected with the central controller, the positioning mechanism positions the PCB rack vehicle, and the adjusting mechanism adjusts the width of the PCB placing area. The U-shaped movable frame and the U-shaped fixed frame are matched to form double PCB placing areas which can be adjusted at the same time, the design is novel, and the number of placed PCBs is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of PCB board production automation, and particularly relates to a Plasma-specific adjustable PCB board rack vehicle and a board rack automatic adjustment device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the production of PCBs is gradually developing towards a fully automated direction without human intervention, and the PCB board rack vehicle plays a role in carrying and transporting PCB boards in the automation process; the frames on the PCB board rack vehicles in the existing automation process are all of fixed sizes, and one frame is for a fixed size of PCB board. When producing PCB boards of different model sizes, it is necessary to manually replace the frames on the PCB board rack vehicle, which is time-consuming and laborious and is not conducive to the development of fully automated production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Plasma-specific adjustable PCB board rack vehicle and a board rack automatic adjustment device to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A board rack automatic adjustment device includes a fixed bracket, an adjustment mechanism and a positioning mechanism are arranged on the fixed bracket, the above-mentioned PCB board rack vehicle as claimed in any one of the above claims is carried on the positioning mechanism, the adjustment mechanism is located directly below the PCB board rack vehicle, both the positioning mechanism and the adjustment mechanism are electrically connected to a central controller, the positioning mechanism positions the PCB board rack vehicle, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the width of the PCB placement area.

[0005] Intelligent Adaptive Adjustment System:

[0006] It includes an intelligent sensing module, an adaptive control module, an edge computing gateway, a modular expansion interface and a digital twin core module;

[0007] Among them, the intelligent sensing module includes a multi-spectral vision unit and a dynamic mechanics feedback unit;

[0008] Among them, the adaptive control module includes a fuzzy PID algorithm, which dynamically adjusts the servo motor torque according to the feedback of the force sensor to eliminate mechanical clearance and friction resistance fluctuations; a multi-objective optimization engine that supports independent adjustment of 4 zones and allows the total width to be divided into different size zones, such as 200mm + 300mm + 100mm;

[0009] Among them, the edge computing gateway wirelessly interacts with the MES system to dynamically obtain production order requirements;

[0010] Among them, the modular expansion interface adopts a magnetic fast-installation structure for installing a vacuum adsorption module and a temperature control unit;

[0011] Among them, the digital twin core module includes a multi-dimensional twin modeling unit, a real-time data synchronization interface, and a virtual debugging engine.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning table, on which a second track is provided, and the second moving wheel moves on the second track; a limit inductor electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the positioning table to limit the PCB board carrier and transmit a signal indicating that it has moved into place; a positioning cylinder electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the positioning table to fix the PCB board carrier.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting motor electrically connected to the central controller. The movable end of the adjusting motor is connected to a screw slide table module. A pushing cylinder electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the screw slide table module. The adjusting motor drives the pushing cylinder to move linearly along a direction parallel to the first track. The movable end of the pushing cylinder is provided with a pushing positioning head. A positioning hole is provided on the toothed plate. The pushing cylinder drives the pushing positioning head to penetrate into the positioning hole and push the toothed plate. After the toothed plate compresses the elastic member, it rises and disengages from the meshing and locking with the rack.

[0014] A Plasma-specific adjustable PCB board carrier, which includes a bottom plate, on which a first positioning component and a first track are provided; a U-shaped fixed frame and a U-shaped movable frame located in the same vertical plane are also provided on the bottom plate. The U-shaped fixed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, and the U-shaped movable frame is slidably connected to the U-shaped fixed frame to form two PCB board placement areas with adjustable widths; a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped movable frame. The connecting plate is provided with a first moving wheel and a second positioning component. The first moving wheel moves on the first track so that the connecting plate drives the U-shaped movable frame to move relative to the U-shaped fixed frame; the second positioning component cooperates with the first positioning component to limit or release the movement of the U-shaped movable frame relative to the U-shaped fixed frame.

[0015] The U-shaped fixed frame includes a horizontal first fixed frame bar, and vertical second and third fixed frame bars are fixedly connected to both ends of the first fixed frame bar respectively. A first tenon part and a first mortise groove are arranged on the first fixed frame bar; the U-shaped moving frame includes a horizontal first moving frame bar, and vertical second and third moving frame bars are fixedly connected to both ends of the first moving frame bar respectively. A second tenon part and a second mortise groove are arranged on the first moving frame bar; the first tenon part is slidably inserted into the second mortise groove, and the second tenon part is slidably inserted into the first mortise groove. The centers of gravity of the second fixed frame bar, the third fixed frame bar, the second moving frame bar, and the third moving frame bar are in the same vertical plane; a PCB board placement area is formed between the second fixed frame bar and the second moving frame bar, and a PCB board placement area is formed between the third fixed frame bar and the third moving frame bar;

[0016] The bottom plate is provided with second moving wheels.

[0017] Preferably, the first positioning component includes a rack, and the second positioning component includes a toothed plate, a sliding column, and a limiting block. One end of the sliding column is fixedly connected to the toothed plate, and the other end of the sliding column passes through the connecting plate and is fixedly connected to the limiting block to limit the sliding column from separating from the connecting plate; the sliding column can slide relative to the connecting plate, and an elastic member is sleeved on the sliding column. The elastic member is located between the toothed plate and the connecting plate, and the elastic member has a tendency to drive the toothed plate away from the connecting plate and engage and lock with the rack.

[0018] Preferably, metal elastic pieces are abutted against both sides of the sliding insertion section between the first fixed frame bar and the first moving frame bar, and the metal elastic pieces are fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0019] Preferably, a first roller and a first rolling groove are arranged on the first fixed frame bar, a second roller and a second rolling groove are arranged on the first moving frame bar, the first roller rolls in the second rolling groove, and the second roller rolls in the first rolling groove.

[0020] Preferably, vertical PCB board limiting grooves are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the second fixed frame bar and the second moving frame bar, and vertical PCB board limiting grooves are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the third fixed frame bar and the third moving frame bar.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. By using the cooperation of the U-shaped moving frame and the U-shaped fixed frame, a double PCB board placement area that can be adjusted simultaneously is formed, with novel design and increased number of PCB boards placed.

[0023] 2. The U-shaped moving frame and the U-shaped fixed frame use a mortise and tenon type sliding plug-in structure. The U-shaped moving frame and the U-shaped fixed frame are located in the same vertical plane, rather than parallel vertical planes, which can greatly improve the stability of the U-shaped moving frame when moving relative to the U-shaped fixed frame.

[0024] 3. The U-shaped moving frame is locked / unlocked through the cooperation of the second positioning component arranged on the connecting plate and the first positioning component arranged on the bottom plate. During the locking / unlocking process of the first positioning component and the second positioning component, the connecting plate remains unaffected in the horizontal plane, and the U-shaped moving plate also remains unaffected in the horizontal plane during the movement, ensuring the stable and smooth movement of the U-shaped moving plate during the entire automatic adjustment process.

[0025] 4. Metal elastic pieces are abutted against both sides of the sliding plug-in section of the first fixed frame bar and the first moving frame bar. The metal

[0026] elastic pieces can play a role in shock absorption and improving the moving stability.

[0027] 5. The first roller rolls in the second rolling groove, and the second roller rolls in the first rolling groove. By replacing complete sliding with rolling, the resistance during relative movement can be reduced, enabling the U-shaped moving frame to move more smoothly relative to the U-shaped fixed frame;

[0028] And the above-mentioned rolling grooves are all fully enclosed. The above-mentioned rollers are buckled into the rolling grooves, and the rollers are restricted in both the up and down directions and the left and right directions, and can only roll in the front and back directions, which greatly improves the stability of the U-shaped moving frame when moving relative to the U-shaped fixed frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the PCB fixture trolley in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is an exploded view Figure 1 and partial enlarged view of the PCB fixture trolley in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is an exploded view Figure 2 and partial enlarged view of the PCB fixture trolley in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4It is the bottom view and partial enlarged view of the connecting plate in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is the exploded view of the second positioning in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 It is the three-dimensional view of the U-shaped fixed frame and the U-shaped moving frame in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 It is the exploded view of the U-shaped fixed frame and the U-shaped moving frame in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is the three-dimensional view of the automatically adjustable size in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 It is the exploded view of the automatically adjustable size in the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0040] 100, PCB board carrier; 101, bottom plate; 102, first positioning component; 1021, rack; 103, first track; 104, U-shaped fixed frame; 1041, first fixed frame bar; 1042, second fixed frame bar; 1043, third fixed frame bar; 1044, first tenon part; 1045, first mortise groove; 1046, first roller; 1047, first rolling groove; 105, U-shaped moving frame; 1051, first moving frame bar; 1052, second moving frame bar; 1053, third moving frame bar; 1054, second tenon part; 1055, second mortise groove; 1056, second roller; 1057, second rolling groove; 106, PCB board placement area; 107, connecting plate; 108, first moving wheel; 109, second positioning component; 1091, toothed plate; 1092, sliding column; 1093, limit block; 1094, elastic part; 1095, cushion block; 1096, positioning hole; 110, second moving wheel; 111, PCB board limit groove; 112, positioning port; 113, snap column;

[0041] 114, metal elastic sheet;

[0042] 200, adjusting mechanism; 201, adjusting motor; 202, screw rod and slide table module; 203, pushing cylinder; 204, pushing and positioning head;

[0043] 300, positioning mechanism; 301, positioning table; 302, second track; 303, limit inductor; 304, positioning cylinder; 305, positioning column. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0046] A Plasma-specific adjustable PCB board carrier, including a bottom plate 61, on which a first positioning component 62 and a first track 63 are provided; a U-shaped fixed frame 64 and a U-shaped moving frame 65 located in the same vertical plane are also provided on the bottom plate 61. The U-shaped fixed frame 64 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 61, and the U-shaped moving frame 65 is slidably connected to the U-shaped fixed frame 64. The U-shaped moving frame 65 slides relative to the U-shaped fixed frame 64 to form two PCB board placement areas 66 with adjustable widths; a connecting plate 67 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped moving frame 65. A first moving wheel 69 and a second positioning component 610 are provided at the bottom of the connecting plate 67. The first moving wheel 69 moves on the first track 63 to drive the connecting plate 67 to drive the U-shaped moving frame 65 to move relative to the U-shaped fixed frame 64; the second positioning component 610 cooperates with the first positioning component 62 to limit or release the movement of the U-shaped moving frame 65 relative to the U-shaped fixed frame 64. The PCB board fixture trolley in this embodiment can cooperate with automated equipment to automatically complete the adjustment of the width of the PCB board placement area, adapt to the production of circuit boards of different size specifications, and does not require manual replacement of the board frame during the process, which is convenient, fast and highly automated.

[0047] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the PCB board fixture trolley 6 is symmetrically arranged as a whole to improve stability, and the first positioning component 62, the first track 63, the first moving wheel 69 and the second positioning component 610 are all arranged in even numbers; the number of U-shaped moving frames 65 and U-shaped fixed frames 64 provided on the bottom plate 61 is greater than or equal to 2. The U-shaped moving frames 65 and U-shaped fixed frames are correspondingly arranged in the same vertical plane, and the U-shaped moving frames 65 and U-shaped fixed frames are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.

[0048] More specifically, in this embodiment, a plurality of second moving wheels 610 are provided at the bottom of the bottom frame 61 to facilitate the transportation and movement of the PCB board fixture trolley 6 and facilitate its movement operation on the automated production line.

[0049] Further refer to Figures 2 to 5In this embodiment, the first positioning assembly 62 includes a rack 621, and the rack 621 is arranged parallel to the first track 63. The second positioning assembly 610 includes a tooth plate 6101, a sliding column 6102 and a limit block 6105. The lower end of the column 6102 is fixedly connected to the tooth plate 6101, and the upper end of the sliding column 6102 passes through the sliding hole on the connecting plate 67 and is fixedly connected to the limit block 6102; the sliding column 6102 can slide up and down relative to the connecting plate 67 in the sliding hole, and the sliding column 6102 will not be separated from the connecting plate 67 because it is limited by the tooth plate 6101 and the limit block 6105; an elastic member 6103 is sleeved on the sliding column 6102, and the elastic member 6103 is preferably a spring, which is compressed and arranged between the tooth plate 6101 and the connecting plate 67, and the elastic potential energy of the spring will drive the tooth plate 6101 away from the connecting plate 67 and mesh with the rack 62 to lock. In this way, when there is no external force on the tooth plate 6101, the tooth plate 6101 of the second positioning assembly 610 will automatically engage and lock with the rack 621 under the elastic force of the spring, the connecting plate 67 is locked, and the first moving wheel 69 is stationary on the first track 63. The U-shaped moving frame 65 cannot move relative to the U-shaped fixed frame, and the width of the PCB board placement area 66 is fixed: and the rack 621 and the tooth plate 6101 are provided with parallel serrated tooth marks on the opposite surfaces, so that not only the locking is firm, but also the gap and the gap between them are very small, ensuring the dimensional stability of the PCB board placement area 66; and the size of the elastic potential energy can be adjusted by replacing the spring, so as to further improve the engagement and locking strength of the tooth plate 6101 and the rack 621.

[0050] More specifically, in this embodiment, in order to protect the connecting plate 67 from wear, a pad 6104 is arranged between the limit block 6105 and the connecting plate 67. By replacing the pad 6104 with different thicknesses, it can also increase the elastic potential energy of the spring, thereby further improving the meshing and locking strength of the tooth plate 6101 and the rack 621.

[0051] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 , first mortise 613; the moving frame 64 includes a horizontal first moving frame bar 642, the two ends of the first moving frame bar 642 are respectively fixed with a vertical second moving frame bar 643 and a third moving frame bar 641, and the first moving frame bar 642 is provided with a second portion 613 and a second mortise 646; a PCB board placement area 66 is formed between the second fixed frame bar 651 and the second moving frame bar 643, and a PCB board placement area 66 is formed between the third fixed frame bar 643 and the third moving frame bar 641, so that when the U-shaped moving frame 64 is adjusted, the corresponding two PCB board placement areas 65 will change synchronously, completing the synchronous automatic adjustment of the two areas. In some embodiments, the bottom planes of the first fixed frame bar 652 and the first moving frame bar 642 are on the same horizontal plane to improve the horizontal stability of the U-shaped moving frame 64 when it moves relative to the U-shaped fixed frame 65.

[0052] More specifically, in this embodiment, the resistance during relative movement can be reduced, enabling the U-shaped moving frame 64 to move more smoothly relative to the U-shaped fixed frame 65; and the above-mentioned rolling grooves are all fully enclosed. More specifically, in this embodiment, vertical PCB board limiting grooves 612 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the second fixed frame strip 651 and the second moving frame strip 653, and vertical PCB board limiting grooves 612 are provided on the opposite surfaces of the third fixed frame strip 653 and the third moving frame strip 641, so as to improve the safety and stability of the placed PCB board.

[0053] A board rack automatic adjustment device, refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , in this embodiment, the board rack automatic adjustment device includes

[0054] A fixed bracket (not shown). An adjustment mechanism 22 and a positioning mechanism 23 are provided on the fixed bracket. The above-mentioned PCB board fixture trolley 6 is carried on the positioning mechanism 23. The adjustment mechanism 22 is located directly below the PCB board rack trolley. Both the positioning mechanism 23 and the adjustment mechanism 22 are electrically connected to the central controller. The central controller obtains the corresponding PCB board size information, controls the positioning mechanism 22 to position the PCB board fixture trolley 6 and controls the adjustment mechanism 22 to adjust the width of the PCB board placement area 66; the adjustment of the corresponding width of the PCB board placement area 66 of the PCB board fixture trolley 6 is completed automatically. The cross beam of the fixture trolley is provided with a two-dimensional code 25. When the fixture trolley enters the place, the barcode scanner 241 scans the code first to confirm which fixture the incoming material is, and reads the parameters 22 to reach the adjustment position.

[0055] Further refer to Figure 9, In this embodiment, the positioning mechanism 23 includes a positioning table 231, on which a second track 232 is provided. The second moving wheel 611 moves on the second track 232 to move the PCB fixture trolley 6 relative to the positioning table 231; a limit inductor 233 electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the positioning table 231 to transmit a signal indicating that the PCB fixture trolley 6 has moved into place. A positioning cylinder 234 electrically connected to the central controller is also provided on the positioning table 233. The movable ends of the positioning cylinders 234 and 236 are provided with positioning posts 235 and 237. Corresponding positioning holes are provided on the bottom plate 61 of the PCB fixture trolley. The positioning cylinder 234 can drive the positioning post 235 to penetrate into the positioning hole to fix the PCB rack trolley. The rotary cylinder 236 rotates 90 degrees to hook the positioning block 237 on the cross beam of the fixture base 61. When the PCB fixture trolley 6 is performing automated operations and moves into place, it will contact the limit inductor 233. The limit inductor 233 transmits the signal that the PCB fixture trolley 6 has moved into place to the central controller. The central controller controls the positioning cylinders 234 and 236 to work. The positioning cylinder 234 drives the positioning post 235 to penetrate into the positioning hole, and the rotary cylinder 236 rotates 90 degrees to drive the positioning block 237 to fix the PCB fixture trolley and prevent it from moving / being displaced during subsequent automated operations. Scan the code to strongly start scanning the code 25 to confirm which fixture, read the parameters 22 and move into place waiting for adjustment.

[0056] More specifically, in this embodiment, a buckle post 68 is further provided at the bottom of the bottom plate 67 of the PCB rack trolley 6. The buckle post 68 can cooperate with the automated traction device to drive the movement and transfer of the PCB rack trolley 6.

[0057] See further Figure 9, In this embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 22 includes an adjusting motor 234 electrically connected to the central controller. The movable end of the adjusting motor 234 is connected to a screw slide module 221. A pushing cylinder 223 electrically connected to the central controller is arranged on the screw slide module 221. The adjusting motor 221 drives the pushing cylinder 223 to move linearly along a direction parallel to the first track 63. A rack is arranged at the movable end of the pushing cylinder 223. The pushing cylinder 223 drives the pushing rack to engage with the toothed plate 610, compress the elastic member 6103 and then rise, releasing the meshing and locking with the rack 621. During the first automated operation process, when the above-mentioned positioning mechanism 23 fixes the PCB board carrier 6, at this time, both the adjusting mechanism 23 and the U-shaped moving frame 64 are at the initial origin positions recorded by the central controller, and the pushing cylinder 223 is located directly below the toothed plate 610; the central controller controls the pushing cylinder 223 to start working, pushing the positioning head 222 to rise and then lifting the toothed plate 610 to a certain height. At this height, the toothed plate 610 disengages from the rack 621, releasing the restriction on the U-shaped moving frame 64; then, according to the obtained PCB board size information, the central controller controls the adjusting motor 234 to operate. The screw slide module 221 drives the pushing cylinder 223 to move linearly. The rack positioning head 222 on the pushing cylinder 223 drives the U-shaped moving frame 64 to move relative to the U-shaped fixed frame 65 through the toothed plate 610 to adjust the width of the PCB board placement area 66 to the size width corresponding to the PCB board. When it reaches the corresponding size width, the central controller controls the pushing cylinder 223 to retract to its original position. The toothed plate 610 falls under the action of the spring and re-engages and locks with the rack 621. The pushing cylinder 223 remains at the position directly below the toothed plate 610, completing the automatic adjustment operation.

[0058] During the actual use process, the present application controls and optimizes the device through the design of an intelligent adaptive adjustment system;

[0059] Intelligent adaptive adjustment system:

[0060] It includes an intelligent sensing module, an adaptive control module, an edge computing gateway, a modular expansion interface, and a digital twin core module;

[0061] Among them, the intelligent sensing module includes a multi-spectral vision unit. An industrial camera is installed on the top of the fixture trolley 6 to detect the size and shape of the PCB board in real time through image recognition (accuracy ±0.05 mm), and a dynamic mechanical feedback unit. A piezoelectric force sensor is integrated in the sliding track of the U-shaped moving frame 64 to monitor the sliding resistance in real time (range 0 - 500 N, accuracy ±0.5 N);

[0062] Among them, the adaptive control module includes a fuzzy PID algorithm to dynamically adjust the servo motor torque according to the feedback of the force sensor, eliminating mechanical clearance and friction resistance fluctuations; a multi-objective optimization engine that supports independent adjustment of 4 zones and allows the total width to be divided into different size zones, such as 200 mm + 300 mm + 100 mm;

[0063] Among them, the edge computing gateway is integrated inside the bottom plate 61 and is equipped with an ARM Cortex-A72 processor to achieve:

[0064] Real-time parsing of the data of the barcode scanner 241 (response time < 10 ms);

[0065] Wireless interaction with the MES system to dynamically obtain production order requirements;

[0066] Among them, the modular expansion interface adopts a magnetic fast-installation structure, and standardized interfaces are designed on the side wall of the U-shaped fixing frame 65, and can be quickly installed with:

[0067] Vacuum adsorption module (for fixing ultra-thin PCB boards);

[0068] Temperature control unit (suitable for high-temperature processes such as Plasma treatment;

[0069] Among them, the digital twin core module includes a multi-dimensional twin modeling unit:

[0070] Multi-dimensional twin modeling unit

[0071] Construction of a high-fidelity physical model:

[0072] Based on SolidWorks / ANSYS, a 3D parametric model of the gantry vehicle is constructed, including the material properties (elastic modulus 210 GPa, friction coefficient 0.15) of key components such as the U-shaped moving frame 64 and the rack 621.

[0073] Integrate a multi-body dynamics simulation module to simulate the stress distribution of the roller 644 under different loads (0 - 50 kg) (accuracy ±2%);

[0074] Real-time data synchronization interface:

[0075] Bidirectional communication of the OPC UA protocol:

[0076] The physical entity and the digital twin are synchronized with millisecond-level data through the 5G edge gateway (delay < 5 ms), and the key parameters include:

[0077] The real-time position of the U-shaped moving frame 64 (laser sensor data);

[0078] Current fluctuation of the servo motor 234 (accuracy of ±0.1 A);

[0079] Temperature of the roller 644 (infrared temperature measurement, ±1°C);

[0080] Virtual commissioning engine:

[0081] Parameter pre-optimization function:

[0082] Rehearse the adjustment process of the PCB board placement area in a virtual environment to automatically generate the optimal PID parameters (proportional coefficient Kp = 1.2, integral time Ti = 0.8s).

[0083] Support collision detection (accuracy 0.1mm) to avoid the risk of mechanical interference in actual debugging.

[0084] Workflow

[0085] Initialization and matching:

[0086] After the fixture cart enters the work station, the vision unit scans the contour of the PCB board and generates a 3D model, and the edge computing gateway calls the MES data to verify the matching.

[0087] Dynamic adjustment stage:

[0088] The servo motor drives the lead screw slide table module 221 to move, the laser sensor real-time feedbacks the position, and the fuzzy PID algorithm closed-loop controls the positioning accuracy to ±0.02mm.

[0089] If the detected sliding resistance > 150N, trigger the ultrasonic self-cleaning program (frequency 40kHz) to remove the dust on the track.

[0090] Health warning stage:

[0091] Train the LSTM model based on the historical data of the force sensor to predict the life of the roller 644 (error ±3%), and push the replacement warning 7 days in advance.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic adjusting device for a plate rack, characterized in that: It includes a fixed bracket, on which an adjustment mechanism (200) and a positioning mechanism (300) are provided. The PCB board carrier (100) described in any one of claims 3-6 is carried on the positioning mechanism (300). The adjustment mechanism (200) is located directly below the PCB board carrier. Both the positioning mechanism (300) and the adjustment mechanism (200) are electrically connected to the central controller. The positioning mechanism (300) positions the PCB board carrier (100), and the adjustment mechanism (200) adjusts the width of the PCB board placement area (106). Intelligent adaptive adjustment system: It includes an intelligent sensing module, an adaptive control module, an edge computing gateway, a modular expansion interface, and a digital twin core module; Among them, the intelligent sensing module includes a multi-spectral vision unit and a dynamic mechanical feedback unit; Among them, the adaptive control module includes a fuzzy PID algorithm, which dynamically adjusts the servo motor torque according to the feedback of the force sensor to eliminate mechanical clearance and friction resistance fluctuations; a multi-objective optimization engine that supports independent adjustment of 4 zones and allows the total width to be divided into different size zones, such as 200mm + 300mm + 100mm; Among them, the edge computing gateway interacts wirelessly with the MES system to dynamically obtain production order requirements; Among them, the modular expansion interface adopts a magnetic adsorption quick-installation structure for installing a vacuum adsorption module and a temperature control unit; Among them, the digital twin core module includes a multi-dimensional twin modeling unit, a real-time data synchronization interface, and a virtual commissioning engine.

2. The automatic adjusting device for a plate rack according to claim 1, wherein: The positioning mechanism (300) includes a positioning table (301), on which a second track (302) is provided, and the second moving wheel (110) moves on the second track (302); a limit inductor (303) electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the positioning table (301) to limit the PCB board carrier (100) and transmit a signal indicating that it has moved into place; a positioning cylinder (304) electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the positioning table (301) to fix the PCB board carrier (100).

3. The automatic adjusting device for a plate rack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (200) includes an adjustment motor (201) electrically connected to the central controller. The movable end of the adjustment motor (201) is connected to a screw slide table module (202). A push cylinder (203) electrically connected to the central controller is provided on the screw slide table module (202). The adjustment motor (201) drives the push cylinder (203) to move in a straight line along a direction parallel to the first track (103). A push positioning head (204) is provided at the movable end of the push cylinder (203). A positioning hole (1096) is provided on the toothed plate (1091). The push cylinder (203) drives the push positioning head (204) to penetrate into the positioning hole (1096) and push the toothed plate (1091). After the toothed plate (1091) compresses the elastic member (1094), it rises and releases the meshing and locking with the rack (1021).

4. An adjustable PCB board carrier dedicated for Plasma, characterized in that: It includes a bottom plate (101), on which a first positioning component (102) and a first track (103) are provided; a U-shaped fixed frame (104) and a U-shaped movable frame (105) located in the same vertical plane are also provided on the bottom plate (101). The U-shaped fixed frame (104) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (101), and the U-shaped movable frame (105) is slidably connected to the U-shaped fixed frame (104) to form two PCB board placement areas (106) with adjustable widths; a connecting plate (107) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the U-shaped movable frame (105). The connecting plate (107) is provided with a first moving wheel (108) and a second positioning component (109). The first moving wheel (108) moves on the first track (103) so that the connecting plate (107) drives the U-shaped movable frame (105) to move relative to the U-shaped fixed frame (104); the second positioning component (109) cooperates with the first positioning component (102) to limit or release the movement of the U-shaped movable frame (105) relative to the U-shaped fixed frame (104). The U-shaped fixed frame (104) includes a horizontal first fixed frame bar (1041), and vertical second fixed frame bars (1042) and third fixed frame bars (1043) are fixedly connected to both ends of the first fixed frame bar (1041) respectively. A first tenon part (1044) and a first mortise groove (1045) are provided on the first fixed frame bar (1041); the U-shaped movable frame (105) includes a horizontal first movable frame bar (1051), and vertical second movable frame bars (1052) and third movable frame bars (1053) are fixedly connected to both ends of the first movable frame bar (1051) respectively. A second tenon part (1054) and a second mortise groove (1055) are provided on the first movable frame bar (1051); the first tenon part (1044) is slidably inserted into the second mortise groove (1055), and the second tenon part (1054) is slidably inserted into the first mortise groove (1045). The centers of gravity of the second fixed frame bar (1042), the third fixed frame bar (1043), the second movable frame bar (1052), and the third movable frame bar (1053) are in the same vertical plane; a PCB board placement area (106) is formed between the second fixed frame bar (1042) and the second movable frame bar (1052), and a PCB board placement area (106) is formed between the third fixed frame bar (1043) and the third movable frame bar (1053). The bottom plate (101) is provided with a second moving wheel (110).

5. The adjustable PCB board carrier dedicated to Plasma according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first positioning component (102) includes a rack (1021). The second positioning component (109) includes a toothed plate (1091), a sliding column (1092), and a limiting block (1093). One end of the sliding column (1092) is fixedly connected to the toothed plate (1091), and the other end of the sliding column (1092) passes through the connecting plate (107) and is fixedly connected to the limiting block (1093) to limit the sliding column (1092) from detaching from the connecting plate (107). The sliding column (1092) is slidable relative to the connecting plate (107). An elastic member (1094) is sleeved on the sliding column (1092). The elastic member (1094) is located between the toothed plate (1091) and the connecting plate (107), and the elastic member (1094) has a tendency to drive the toothed plate (1091) away from the connecting plate (107) and engage and lock with the rack (1021).

6. The adjustable PCB board carrier dedicated for Plasma according to claim 5, wherein: Metal elastic pieces (114) are abutted against both sides of the sliding insertion section between the first fixed frame bar (1041) and the first moving frame bar (1051), and the metal elastic pieces (114) are fixedly connected to the bottom plate (101).

7. The adjustable PCB board carrier dedicated to Plasma according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first fixed frame bar (1041) is provided with a first roller (1046) and a first rolling groove (1047). The first moving frame bar (1051) is provided with a second roller (1056) and a second rolling groove (1057). The first roller (1046) rolls in the second rolling groove (1057), and the second roller (1056) rolls in the first rolling groove (1047).

8. The adjustable PCB board carrier dedicated for Plasma according to claim 7, characterized in that: Vertically arranged PCB board limiting grooves (111) are provided on the opposite surfaces of the second fixed frame bar (1042) and the second moving frame bar (1052), and vertically arranged PCB board limiting grooves (111) are provided on the opposite surfaces of the third fixed frame bar (1043) and the third moving frame bar (1053).

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