Elevator with multiple sets of worms, worm gear nuts and lead screws

Abstract

According to the elevator with the multiple sets of worms, the worm gear nuts and the lead screws, composite transmission of the worm gears, the worms and the lead screws is adopted, safety and reliability are improved, the lead screws are arranged on the two sides of the elevator car, the motor drives the lead screws to lift the elevator car through the worm-worm gear nut-lead screw connector, and the elevator car can be prevented from falling during power failure due to the self-locking characteristic of the worm gears and the worms; a manual emergency operation mechanism is innovatively additionally arranged and comprises a chain wheel, a chain and a clutch, passengers in an elevator can pull the chain to drive a worm through a safety window on the side of the elevator car in emergency, slow descending and self rescue are achieved, in addition, the elevator car is provided with a sliding block-sliding rail guide structure and a mechanical limiting switch, stable operation is guaranteed, top rushing or bottom squatting is prevented, and safety is guaranteed. The elevator is compact in structure, high in safety and suitable for low-rise buildings or environments with unstable electric power, and the problems that a traditional elevator depends on external rescue and is complex to maintain and the like are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention patent relates to a vertical transportation device for low-rise buildings or open-air environments with floor height differences, and specifically to a multi-group worm, worm gear nut, and screw elevator. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the low-rise building environment, there is a "single-screw elevator". The action point of the gravity "G" of the sum of the self-weight of the elevator car and the load weight inside the elevator has a horizontal distance "L" from the traction action point "N" of the single screw and the screw nut. According to the moment formula "G×L=T", "T" in the formula is the moment of gravity G with L as the moment arm, acting on the other end point N of L. The length of the horizontal distance "L" is the moment arm. Specifically for a single-screw elevator, point N is at the traction action point of the nut on the screw, that is, the bearing capacity of the screw. As Figure 3 shown, this moment of gravity T will cause the screw to bend or have a tendency to bend. As the nut moves up and down along the screw, the action position of the moment of gravity T also moves up and down on the screw. The moment of gravity T causing the "bending tendency of lifting and lowering movement" of the screw during its up and down movement on the screw will cause the screw to tremble and make noise, and at the same time, the nut will be quickly worn. The emergency rescue plan for this kind of elevator relies on a backup power supply or rescue by personnel outside the elevator. The passengers inside the elevator ("elevator riders") cannot independently operate the elevator car to ascend or descend, nor can they achieve self-rescue by the riders, which results in delays in rescue time and other safety hazards.

[0003] In addition to the unreasonable defect of the moment of gravity T, the existing single-screw elevators on the market also have the defect of "uneven loss of rotational speed" of the transmitted power due to the use of a pulley group to transmit power through a belt. If a single electric motor uses more than two pulley groups to transmit power through belts to different passive pulleys receiving power in different directions, these multiple passive pulleys will have "tiny rotational speed differences" due to different degrees of "slip and loss of rotational speed", resulting in different rotational speeds of the "nuts" carried by different passive pulleys. As a result, there will be a "height difference" in the up and down movement of multiple nuts on their respective vertical screws. When multiple nuts simultaneously pull the same elevator, the elevator will "stop due to the multi-point lifting height difference and asynchronous force application of the traction force", so the screw elevators on the market now can only be "single-screw elevators", enduring the difficulties brought by the moment of gravity T, and often making a "pop, pop, pop" noise when the belt rotates.

[0004] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for an elevator system with a simple structure, high safety, and the function of independent operation and self-rescue by elevator riders, especially suitable for low-rise buildings or environments with unstable power. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator.

[0006] The multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator includes:

[0007] An elevator car, and the elevator car is provided with an access door;

[0008] A lead screw lifter, the lead screw lifter includes a motor with a reducer provided at the top of the elevator car and at least two vertically arranged lead screws provided outside the elevator car. A worm-worm wheel nut-lead screw connector is provided on each lead screw. The output end of the motor is rotationally connected to each group of worm-worm wheel nut-lead screw connectors through a transmission shaft. The center of gravity of the elevator car and the load carried therein is within the bearing capacity circles of at least two vertically arranged lead screws;

[0009] A safety window is provided on one side of the elevator car. A sprocket is provided on the transmission shaft near the safety window, and a chain is equipped on the sprocket. Passengers can operate the chain and sprocket through the safety window. A clutch is configured between the sprocket and the transmission shaft where it is located, and the clutch is equipped with an operating rod. The clutch is controlled by the operating rod to control the cooperation state between the sprocket and the transmission shaft;

[0010] The worm-worm wheel nut-lead screw connector includes a worm provided at the end of the transmission shaft that cooperates with the worm wheel nut, and a mechanism that converts the horizontal rotation of the worm wheel nut on the lead screw into the lifting and lowering traction force along the axial direction of the lead screw;

[0011] The power output transmission shaft of the motor rotates to transmit power to the worm and worm wheel nut connector. The outer circle of the worm wheel nut is a worm tooth that meshes with the worm, and its inner circle is an internal thread that meshes with the male thread of the vertical lead screw. Through the horizontal rotation of the worm wheel nut on the vertical lead screw, the entire elevator car is driven to ascend and descend along the axial direction of the vertical lead screw;

[0012] The center of gravity point of the sum of the self-weight of the multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator and the weight of the elevator load is located within the acting point circles of the traction forces along the axial direction of the lead screw of the worm wheel nuts on two or more vertical lead screws, and no eccentric gravity moment will be generated;

[0013] A sprocket is provided on the transmission shaft of the motor near the safety window and is equipped with a chain. In case of elevator failure or power outage, passengers can pull the chain through the safety window by themselves to drive the sprocket to rotate. A clutch is provided between the sprocket and the transmission shaft where it is located. Passengers can operate the clutch to achieve the separation and combination states between the sprocket and the motor transmission shaft. When the clutch is closed, passengers can pull the sprocket by themselves, and the motor transmission shaft rotates, and the elevator can achieve power-free ascending and descending.

[0014] Furthermore, a safety cover plate is provided at the position of the safety window.

[0015] Further, at least two sets of cooperating sliders and slide rails are provided between the elevator car and the elevator shaft where the elevator car is located. The sliders are installed on the outer side of the elevator car, and the slide rails are vertically installed in the elevator shaft. These guide rails and sliders limit the horizontal swing of the elevator car when it ascends and descends along the guide rails, thus eliminating the horizontal shaking of the elevator car caused by unknown external forces and eliminating the horizontal interference exerted on the vertical lead screw by the horizontal shaking of the elevator.

[0016] Further, a lifting limit switch is provided at the top of the elevator car, and a high-position limiter and a low-position limiter cooperating with the lifting limit switch are provided in the elevator shaft of the elevator car.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art: The structure of the present invention is reasonable. By combining mechanical transmission optimization with a humanized emergency plan, it effectively solves the problem of single-screw elevators relying on external rescue, and has high practical value and market potential.

[0018] The ascending and descending traction forces of the elevator car originate from the traction forces along the axial direction of the lead screws generated by the rotation of the respective worm nuts on multiple vertical lead screws. The traction forces along the axial direction of the multiple worm nuts make the center of gravity of the sum of the weight of the elevator car and the weight of the load carried by the elevator within the acting point circle of the nut traction forces on two or more lead screws, avoiding the phenomenon of the single-screw elevator being eccentric in the vertical direction of the traction force of the nut on the screw, resulting in the bending or bending tendency of the screw due to the gravity moment, and causing the screw to shake and the nut to wear too fast.

[0019] A clutch and a sprocket are provided on the transmission shaft of the motor. In case of elevator failure or sudden power outage, the passengers can completely open the safety window by themselves, operate the clutch, pull the sprocket, and rotate the main shaft of the motor to lift and lower the elevator to a nearby safe floor, realizing self-rescue and escape without any external assistance.

[0020] The elevator device of the present invention changes the existing way of transmitting power of single-screw elevators through belts, and realizes the transmission of power using the structure of multiple sets of worm gears, worm nuts, and lead screws. Because when each set of worm gears transmits power, the force application points between the teeth are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship, and similarly, the force application points of the male and female threads of the lead screw and the worm nut are also in an accurately rotating matching relationship of one-to-one correspondence when transmitting power, that is, "no speed loss". The rotational speeds of the worm nuts on multiple vertical lead screws are completely synchronized, and the lead screw elevator can realize the mechanism that multiple lead screws can work simultaneously without competing with each other.

[0021] The elevator reasonably and skillfully selects and arranges a combination of multiple sets of worm gears, worm nuts, and lead screws, enabling the elevator system to utilize the "one-way anti-reverse function of the worm gear" and the "anti-reverse function of the worm nut along the axial direction of the lead screw", realizing the dual anti-falling measures of the elevator with multiple sets of worm gears, worm nuts, and lead screws.

[0022] A safety cover plate is configured at the safety window to prevent misoperation. When operating normally, the clutch is disengaged to avoid interference with the automatic lifting.

[0023] Multiple sets of worm - worm gear nut - lead screw cooperate with the sliders outside the elevator car and the vertical slide rails in the elevator shaft to enhance the running stability of the elevator car and reduce shaking.

[0024] An up - down limit switch is installed at the top of the elevator car, which is linked with the high / low position limiters in the shaft to prevent the accidents of over - running or crashing to the bottom. Description of the Drawings

[0025] Figure 1 is a three - dimensional schematic diagram of the multi - set worm, worm gear nut, and lead screw elevator of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a double - lead screw worm, worm gear nut, and lead screw elevator and the force analysis of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an existing single - screw elevator and the force analysis.

[0028] As shown in the figure: 1. Elevator car; 2. Lead screw; 3. Motor; 4. Transmission shaft; 5. Worm - worm gear nut - lead screw connector; 6. Safety window; 7. Sprocket; 8. Chain; 9. Clutch; 10. Operating rod; 11. Safety cover plate; 12. Slider; 13. Slide rail; 14. Up - down limit switch; 15. High - position limiter; 16. Low - position limiter. Detailed Embodiments

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if a feature is referred to as "arranged", "fixed", "connected", or "installed" on another feature, it can be directly arranged, fixed, connected, or installed on the other feature, or indirectly arranged, fixed, connected, or installed on the other feature.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if "several" is involved, its meaning is more than one; if "multiple" is involved, its meaning is more than two; if "greater than", "less than", or "exceeding" is involved, it should be understood as not including the number itself; if "above", "below", or "within" is involved, it should be understood as including the number itself. If "first" or "second" is involved, it should be understood as used to distinguish technical features and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0033] The following will be described by taking a multi-group worm, worm gear nut, and lead screw elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention as an example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Embodiment: A lead screw elevator implemented with a double lead screw

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, a transmission through shaft 4 is arranged at the output end of a motor 3 with a speed reducer. Worm structures are arranged at both ends of the transmission through shaft 4. The two ends of the transmission through shaft 4 are respectively rotationally connected to a vertical lead screw 2 through a set of worm - worm gear nut - lead screw connector 5. When the transmission through shaft 4 rotates, the corresponding worm gear nuts at both ends are driven to work by the corresponding worms.

[0036] The multi-group worm, worm gear nut, and lead screw elevator includes:

[0037] An elevator car 1, and an access door for passengers to enter and exit is provided on the side elevation of the elevator car 1;

[0038] A lead screw lifter, which includes a motor 3 with a speed reducer arranged at the top of the elevator car 1 and lead screws 2 arranged on both sides of the elevator car 1. A worm - worm gear nut - lead screw connector 5 is arranged on each lead screw 2. The output end of the motor 3 is rotationally connected to each group of worm - worm gear nut - lead screw connectors 5 through a transmission shaft 4. The center of gravity of the elevator car 1 and the load carried therein is within the bearing capacity circles of at least two vertically arranged lead screws 2;

[0039] As Figure 2 shown, the center of gravity of the sum of the self-weight of the elevator car 1 and the weight of the load inside the elevator car is within the bearing capacity circles of the two vertical lead screws 2. This arrangement will not cause an eccentric gravitational moment of the elevator gravity on the lead screws.

[0040] As Figure 1As shown, a safety window 6 is provided at the upper half of one side of the elevator car 1. A sprocket 7 is provided on the transmission shaft 4 near the safety window 6. A chain 8 is equipped on the sprocket 7. Passengers can operate the chain 8 and the sprocket 7 through the safety window 6. A clutch 9 is configured between the sprocket 7 and the transmission shaft 4 where it is located. The clutch 9 is equipped with an operating rod 10. The clutch 9 is controlled by the operating rod 10 to control the cooperation state between the sprocket 7 and the corresponding transmission shaft 4. A safety cover plate 11 is provided at the position of the safety window 6. When the elevator power is cut off or there is a fault, passengers can achieve self-rescue. When the elevator is running normally, the clutch 9 controls the sprocket 7 and the transmission shaft 4 not to engage, and the sprocket 7 is not linked with the transmission shaft 4. When the elevator power is cut off or there is a fault, the elevator car stops ascending and descending. At this time, the safety cover plate 11 at the safety window 6 of the elevator car 1 is opened, and the passengers manually control the operating rod 10 to control the clutch 9 to achieve the cooperative linkage between the sprocket 7 and the transmission shaft 4. At this time, the passengers rotate the sprocket 7 through the chain 8, and the sprocket 7 drives the transmission shaft 4 to drive the cooperation work of the worm-worm nut-screw connector 5 and the screw 2 to realize the ascending and descending of the elevator car, so that the elevator ascends and descends to the nearby floors to achieve self-rescue of the passengers without external assistance.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, in order to improve the directionality and stability of the elevator's ascending and descending, at least two groups of cooperating sliders 12 and slide rails 13 are provided between the elevator car 1 and the elevator shaft where the elevator car 1 is located. The slider 12 is installed on the outside of the elevator car 1, and the slide rail 13 is vertically installed in the elevator shaft. During the elevator's ascending and descending operation, smooth sliding occurs between the slide rail and the slider fixed on the outer facade of the elevator car, bringing a more stable ascending and descending environment for the elevator.

[0042] An ascending and descending limit switch 14 is provided at the top of the elevator car 1. A high-position limiter 15 and a low-position limiter 16 that cooperate with the ascending and descending limit switch 14 are provided in the elevator shaft of the elevator car 1 to prevent the car from hitting the top or squatting at the bottom.

[0043] The operation process of the embodiment of the multi-group worm, worm nut, and screw elevator of the present invention:

[0044] 1. Elevator ascending

[0045] Press the rising power button of the motor 3, such as the forward power button, to connect the forward power supply of the motor 3, the motor 3 rotates forward, and the two ends of the transmission shaft 4 of the motor 3 cooperate with the lead screw 2 through the worm-worm wheel nut-screw connector 5. The worm drives the worm wheel nut to rotate forward. The worm wheel nut is the same component. The worm wheel nut is the nut of the lead screw 2. The worm-worm wheel nut-screw connector 5 is fixed on the elevator car 1, so the elevator car 1 rises together with the worm-worm wheel nut-screw connector 5. The worm drives the worm wheel nut to rotate forward. The inner circle thread of the worm wheel nut is the female thread meshing with the male thread of the vertical lead screw 2. The traction force generated by the rotation of the worm wheel nut on the lead screw along the axial direction of the vertical lead screw pulls the elevator car 1 to rise stably within the constraint range of the slide rail 13;

[0046] 2. Elevator descends

[0047] Press the descending power button of the motor 3, such as the reverse power button, to turn on the reverse power of the motor 3, the motor 3 reverses, the two ends of the transmission shaft 4 of the motor 3 respectively cooperate with the two lead screws 2 through the worm-worm wheel nut-screw connector 5, the worm drives the worm wheel nut to reverse, the inner circle thread of the worm wheel nut is meshed with the female thread of the male thread of the lead screw 2, and the traction force generated by the rotation of the worm wheel nut on the lead screw along the vertical lead screw axis is pulled to steadily descend within the constraint range of the slide rail 13;

[0048] 3. Regardless of whether the elevator is ascending or descending, if you press the motor power-off switch, the motor will be powered off and the elevator will stop ascending or descending. After the elevator is industrialized, the manufacturer can set "one-to-one correspondence between power buttons and floors" on the elevator's operating control panel. Press the buttons on a certain number of floors, and the elevator will automatically stop ascending or descending at that number of floors.

[0049] 4. During the operation of the elevator, if there is an elevator failure or power outage, the elevator may stop between two floors. At this time, the passengers can open the safety window cover 11 at the safety window 6, and the passengers can move the operating lever 10 through the safety window 6 to move the sprocket 7 of the clutch 9 from the circular shaft section state of the transmission shaft 4 to the spline shaft section state of the transmission shaft 4, so that the sprocket 7 and the transmission shaft 4 can rotate synchronously. The passengers pull the chain 8 to drive the sprocket 7 to rotate, and the transmission shaft 4 rotates. The elevator car 1 can rise or descend to a safe floor, and the passengers can escape from the elevator.

[0050] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Multiple groups of worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator, characterized in that, Comprising: An elevator car, the elevator car being provided with access doors; A screw lifter, the screw lifter including a motor with a speed reducer provided at the top of the elevator car and at least two vertically arranged screws provided outside the elevator car. The top end of each screw is fixed to the top of the elevator shaft, and the bottom end is in a natural hanging state. A worm - worm gear nut - screw connector is provided on each screw. The output end of the motor is rotationally connected to each worm - worm gear nut - screw connector through a transmission shaft. The center of gravity of the elevator car and the load carried therein is within the bearing capacity circles of at least two vertically arranged screws; A safety window is provided on one side of the elevator car. A sprocket is provided on the transmission shaft near the safety window. A chain is equipped on the sprocket. A passenger can operate the chain and the sprocket through the safety window. A clutch is configured between the sprocket and the transmission shaft where it is located. The clutch is equipped with an operating rod, and the clutch is controlled through the operating rod to control the separation and engagement states of the sprocket and the transmission shaft.

2. The multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator according to claim 1, wherein: The lifting and lowering traction force of the elevator originates from the traction force along the axial direction of the screw generated by the rotation of the respective nuts on multiple vertical screws. The traction force along the axial direction of the screws of multiple nuts enables the center of gravity of the sum of the self - weight of the elevator car and the weight of the load carried by the elevator to be within the acting point circles of the traction forces of the nuts on two or more screws, avoiding the phenomenon that the single - screw elevator has a gravity moment due to the eccentricity of the elevator center of gravity in the perpendicular direction to the traction force of the nut on the screw, resulting in the screw bending or having a tendency to bend, causing the screw to shake and the nut to be worn out too quickly.

3. The multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clutch and a sprocket are provided on the main transmission shaft of the motor of the elevator. In case of an elevator failure or sudden power outage, the passenger can completely open the safety window by himself, operate the clutch, pull the sprocket, and rotate the main shaft of the motor to lift and lower the elevator to a nearby safe floor, realizing self - rescue and escape without any external assistance.

4. The multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevator changes the existing way of transmitting power by a belt in a screw elevator and realizes the structure of using multiple sets of worm, worm gear nut, and screw to transmit power. Because for each set of worm and worm gear, the force - bearing points between the teeth are in a one - to - one corresponding relationship, and similarly for the screw nut, the force - bearing points of the male and female threads during power transmission are also in an accurately rotating matching one - to - one corresponding relationship, that is, "no speed loss". The rotational speeds of the nuts on multiple vertical screws are completely synchronized, which enables multiple screws of the screw elevator to work simultaneously without competing with each other.

5. The multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator according to claim 1, wherein: The elevator reasonably and skillfully selects and arranges a combination of multiple sets of worm, worm gear nut, and screw, enabling the elevator system to utilize the "single - direction anti - reverse function of the worm and worm gear" and the "anti - reverse function along the axial direction of the screw nut", realizing a double anti - falling measure for the elevator with multiple sets of worm, worm gear nut, and screw.

6. The multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator according to claim 1, wherein: A safety cover plate is provided at the position of the safety window.

7. The multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one set of matching sliders and slide rails is provided between the elevator car and the elevator shaft where the elevator car is located. The sliders are installed outside the elevator car, and the slide rails are vertically installed in the elevator shaft.

8. The multi-group worm, worm wheel nut, and lead screw elevator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting limit switch is provided at the top of the elevator car, and a high - position limiter and a low - position limiter are provided in the elevator shaft of the elevator car and are matched with the lifting limit switch.

Images