Biomass activated carbon preparation system and biomass activated carbon preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass activated carbon preparation system and a biomass activated carbon preparation method, and belongs to the field of activated carbon preparation. Comprising a feeding assembly, a reaction furnace, a material returning assembly, a gas-solid separator and a steam heat exchange assembly, the reaction furnace is provided with a feeding port, a gas outlet, a material returning inlet and a solid outlet, the feeding assembly is used for adding carbonaceous raw materials into the reaction furnace, the gas-solid separator is provided with a gas inlet, a material returning port, a discharging port and a gas outlet, and the gas inlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the gas outlet of the reaction furnace. A material returning opening of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the feeding end of the material returning assembly, the discharging end of the material returning assembly is communicated with a material returning inlet of the reaction furnace, a gas outlet is communicated with the steam heat exchange assembly, the steam heat exchange assembly is communicated with the reaction furnace and the material returning assembly, and the steam heat exchange assembly is used for introducing steam into the reaction furnace and the material returning assembly; wherein the solid outlet is used for discharging granular primary activated carbon, and the discharge port is used for discharging granular primary activated carbon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of activated carbon preparation, and specifically relates to a biomass activated carbon preparation system and a biomass activated carbon preparation method. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for renewable energy, biomass energy, as an important renewable energy, has received extensive attention in its development and utilization. Biomass energy mainly refers to using organic substances such as crops and plant waste as fuels and converting them into heat energy, electrical energy, and chemical energy through technologies such as pyrolysis, gasification, and liquefaction. Among them, biomass pyrolysis is one of the important ways of biomass energy conversion. It decomposes biomass into products such as bio-oil, biochar, and combustible gas by heating biomass under anaerobic or oxygen-limited conditions. Activated carbon is an adsorption material with a rich pore structure and a large surface area, and is widely used in fields such as environmental protection, chemical engineering, and energy.

[0003] In related technologies, biomass pyrolysis usually uses reactors such as fixed beds, moving beds, and fluidized beds. Among them, fluidized bed reactors are widely used in the research of biomass pyrolysis to prepare bio-oil and biochar due to their good heat and mass transfer effects, flexible operation, and easy large-scale operation. At the same time, the preparation of activated carbon mainly adopts two methods: physical activation and chemical activation. Physical activation mainly activates biomass charcoal with gases such as high-temperature steam or carbon dioxide to form a porous structure; chemical activation is to add chemical reagents such as zinc chloride and phosphoric acid to generate a porous structure through dehydration, dehydrogenation and other reactions. However, the existing biomass pyrolysis has the problem of poor quality of the prepared activated carbon. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide a biomass activated carbon preparation system and a biomass activated carbon preparation method, which at least solve the problem of poor quality of the activated carbon prepared by the existing biomass pyrolysis.

[0005] In a first aspect, the embodiments of this application provide a biomass activated carbon preparation system, which includes: a feeding assembly, a reaction furnace, a return feeding assembly, a gas-solid separator, and a steam heat exchange assembly;

[0006] The reactor has a feeding port, a gas outlet, a return material inlet and a solid outlet. The feeding assembly is used to add carbonaceous raw materials into the feeding port of the reactor. The gas-solid separator has a gas inlet, a return material port, a discharge port and a gas outlet. The gas inlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the gas outlet of the reactor. The return material port of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the feeding end of the return material assembly. The discharge end of the return material assembly is communicated with the return material inlet of the reactor. The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the steam heat exchange assembly. The steam heat exchange assembly is respectively communicated with the reactor and the return material assembly. The steam heat exchange assembly is used to introduce water vapor into the reactor and the return material assembly;

[0007] Wherein, the solid outlet of the reactor is used to discharge granular nascent activated carbon, and the discharge port of the gas-solid separator is used to discharge granular nascent activated carbon.

[0008] Optionally, the steam heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchanger and a water vapor generator;

[0009] The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the inlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger. The heat medium channel of the water vapor generator is communicated with the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger to form a cycle. The steam channels of the water vapor generator are respectively communicated with the reactor and the return material assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the reactor has a connected carbonization reaction occurrence part and an activation reaction occurrence part;

[0011] The steam channels of the water vapor generator are respectively communicated with the carbonization reaction occurrence part and the activation reaction occurrence part;

[0012] Wherein, the feeding port and the solid outlet are both located in the carbonization reaction occurrence part, and the gas outlet and the return material inlet are both located in the activation reaction occurrence part.

[0013] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a dust removal assembly;

[0014] The outlet of the heat medium channel of the steam heat exchange assembly is communicated with the dust removal inlet of the dust removal assembly. The dust removal assembly is used to remove dust from the flue gas entering the interior of the dust removal assembly. The dust removal assembly has a discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet is used to discharge nascent activated carbon.

[0015] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a first water-cooled screw;

[0016] The first water-cooled screw is located at the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly. The first water-cooled screw is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet.

[0017] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a hot air assembly;

[0018] The hot air assembly is communicated with the reaction furnace, and the hot air assembly is used for injecting high-temperature flue gas into the reaction furnace.

[0019] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a mixer;

[0020] The steam channel of the steam generator and the hot air component are both communicated with the mixer, the mixer is communicated with the reaction furnace, and the mixer is used for mixing the steam transferred by the steam generator, the high-temperature flue gas transferred by the hot air assembly and air to obtain a mixed gas, and transferring the mixed gas to the reaction furnace.

[0021] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a second water-cooled screw;

[0022] The second water-cooled screw is located at the solid outlet of the reaction furnace, and the second water-cooled screw is used for cooling the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace.

[0023] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a third water-cooled screw;

[0024] The third water-cooled screw is located at the discharge port of the gas-solid separator, and the third water-cooled screw is used for cooling the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge port of the gas-solid separator.

[0025] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a storage bin;

[0026] The storage bin is used for storing the carbonaceous raw material, and the outlet of the storage bin faces the feeding assembly.

[0027] Optionally, the carbonaceous raw material includes coal and biomass; the biomass includes straws, residues, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit husks, vines or branches;

[0028] Wherein, the particle size range of the carbonaceous raw material is 10 mm to 50 mm.

[0029] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing biomass activated carbon, which is applied to the biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of the first aspects above. The method for preparing biomass activated carbon includes:

[0030] Adding a carbonaceous raw material into the reaction furnace;

[0031] Steam is introduced into the reaction furnace and the return material assembly respectively through the steam heat exchange assembly, and high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the reaction furnace to cause the carbonaceous raw material to react in the reaction furnace;

[0032] Collect the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace and the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator.

[0033] Optionally, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a mixer. The step of introducing steam into the reaction furnace and the return material assembly respectively through the steam heat exchange assembly, and introducing high-temperature flue gas into the reaction furnace through the hot air assembly to cause the carbonaceous raw material to react in the reaction furnace includes:

[0034] Introduce steam into the mixer through the steam heat exchange assembly, and introduce high-temperature flue gas into the mixer through the hot air assembly, so that the mixer mixes the steam, the high-temperature flue gas and air to obtain a mixed gas;

[0035] Transfer the mixed gas to the reaction furnace and the return material assembly through the mixer.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the reaction furnace has a feeding port. Therefore, a carbonaceous raw material can be added to the feeding port of the reaction furnace through a feeding assembly, so that the carbonaceous raw material can enter the reaction furnace for reaction. Since the gas inlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the gas outlet of the reaction furnace, the return material port of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the feeding end of the return material assembly, and the discharging end of the return material assembly is communicated with the return material inlet of the reaction furnace. Therefore, the gas formed after the reaction in the reaction furnace can flow out through the gas outlet of the reaction furnace and enter the gas-solid separator. The gas-solid separator can perform gas-solid separation on the gas entering its interior. The separated solid enters the return material assembly and enters the reaction furnace through the return material assembly to continue the reaction, while the gas separated by the gas-solid separator can flow out from the gas outlet of the gas-solid separator. Since the gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the steam heat exchange assembly, and the steam heat exchange assembly is respectively communicated with the reaction furnace and the return material assembly, the gas flowing out from the gas-solid separator can flow to the steam heat exchange assembly for heat exchange, so that the steam heat exchange assembly can generate water vapor, and the steam heat exchange assembly transfers the water vapor to the reaction furnace and the return material assembly. The water vapor, as an activator, enables the solid separated from the gas-solid separator to contact the water vapor after entering the return material assembly, and the carbonized raw material in the reaction furnace also contacts the water vapor. The solid in the return material assembly will enter the reaction furnace, which is equivalent to increasing the contact time between the carbonized raw material and the water vapor, improving the activation effect of the carbonized raw material being activated, and further improving the quality of the produced activated carbon. That is to say, in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the return material assembly and the steam heat exchange assembly, and the steam heat exchange assembly is respectively communicated with the return material assembly and the reaction furnace, the water vapor generated by the steam heat exchange assembly can enter the reaction furnace and the return material assembly respectively, so that the solid in the return material assembly contacts the water vapor and enters the reaction furnace, which is equivalent to increasing the contact time between the substances in the reaction furnace and the water vapor, improving the activation effect of the substances in the reaction furnace, and further improving the quality of the produced activated carbon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is one of the schematic diagrams showing a biomass activated carbon preparation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram showing a biomass activated carbon preparation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is still another schematic diagram showing a biomass activated carbon preparation system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a biomass activated carbon preparation method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] Reference Numerals:

[0042] 10: Feeding component; 20: Reactor; 21: Carbonization reaction occurrence part; 22: Activation reaction occurrence part; 30: Return feeding component; 40: Gas-solid separator; 50: Steam heat exchange component; 51: Heat exchanger; 52: Steam generator; 60: Dust removal component; 70: First water-cooled spiral; 80: Hot air component; 90: Second water-cooled spiral; 100: Third water-cooled spiral; 110: Silo; 120: Mixer. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The terms "first" and "second" in the description and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality of" means two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0044] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0046] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the biomass activated carbon preparation system includes: a feeding component 10, a reactor 20, a return feeding component 30, a gas-solid separator 40, and a steam heat exchange component 50.

[0047] The reactor 20 has a feeding port, a gas outlet, a return material inlet and a solid outlet. The feeding assembly 10 is used to add a carbonaceous raw material into the feeding port of the reactor 20. The gas-solid separator 40 has a gas inlet, a return material port, a discharge port and a gas outlet. The gas inlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is communicated with the gas outlet of the reactor 20. The return material port of the gas-solid separator 40 is communicated with the feeding end of the return material assembly 30. The discharge end of the return material assembly 30 is communicated with the return material inlet of the reactor 20. The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is communicated with the steam heat exchange assembly 50. The steam heat exchange assembly 50 is respectively communicated with the reactor 20 and the return material assembly 30. The steam heat exchange assembly 50 is used to introduce steam into the reactor 20 and the return material assembly 30. Among them, the solid outlet of the reactor 20 is used to discharge granular nascent activated carbon, and the discharge port of the gas-solid separator 40 is used to discharge granular nascent activated carbon.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the reaction furnace 20 has a feeding port. Therefore, the carbonaceous raw material can be added into the feeding port of the reaction furnace 20 through the feeding assembly 10, so that the carbonaceous raw material can enter the reaction furnace 20 for reaction. Since the gas inlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is communicated with the gas outlet of the reaction furnace 20, the return port of the gas-solid separator 40 is communicated with the feeding end of the return feeding assembly 30, and the discharging end of the return feeding assembly 30 is communicated with the return feeding inlet of the reaction furnace 20. Therefore, the gas formed after the reaction in the reaction furnace 20 can flow out through the gas outlet of the reaction furnace 20 and enter the gas-solid separator 40. The gas-solid separator 40 can perform gas-solid separation on the gas entering its interior. The separated solid enters the return feeding assembly 30 and enters the reaction furnace 20 through the return feeding assembly 30 to continue the reaction, while the gas separated by the gas-solid separator 40 can flow out from the gas outlet of the gas-solid separator 40. Since the gas outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is communicated with the steam heat exchange assembly 50, and the steam heat exchange assembly 50 is respectively communicated with the reaction furnace 20 and the return feeding assembly 30. Therefore, the gas flowing out from the gas-solid separator 40 can flow to the steam heat exchange assembly 50 for heat exchange, so that the steam heat exchange assembly 50 can generate water vapor, and the steam heat exchange assembly 50 transfers the water vapor to the reaction furnace 20 and the return feeding assembly 30. As the activator, after the solid separated from the gas-solid separator 40 enters the return feeding assembly 30, the solid in the return feeding assembly 30 contacts the water vapor, and the carbonized raw material in the reaction furnace 20 also contacts the water vapor. The solid in the return feeding assembly 30 will enter the reaction furnace 20, which is equivalent to increasing the contact time between the carbonized raw material and the water vapor, improving the activation effect of the carbonized raw material being activated, and further improving the quality of the generated activated carbon. That is to say, in the embodiment of the present application, by setting the return feeding assembly 30 and the steam heat exchange assembly 50, and the steam heat exchange assembly 50 is respectively communicated with the return feeding assembly 30 and the reaction furnace 20, the water vapor generated by the steam heat exchange assembly 50 can enter the reaction furnace 20 and the return feeding assembly 30 respectively. Thus, the solid in the return feeding assembly 30 contacts the water vapor and enters the reaction furnace 20, which is equivalent to increasing the contact time between the substances in the reaction furnace 20 and the water vapor, improving the activation effect of the substances in the reaction furnace 20, and further improving the quality of the generated activated carbon.

[0049] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, when a reaction is carried out in the reaction furnace 20, the temperature in the reaction furnace 20 is relatively high. As a result, the temperature of the gas flowing out from the gas outlet of the reaction furnace 20 is relatively high, that is, a high-temperature gas flows out from the reaction furnace 20, and this gas carries solid substances. The solid substances are unreacted carbonaceous raw materials in the reaction furnace 20 and granular activated carbon generated by the reaction. Once this high-temperature gas flows to the gas-solid separator 40, the gas-solid separator 40 can carry out gas-solid separation, so that the separated carbonaceous raw materials enter the return material assembly 30, while the activated carbon will be discharged from the discharge port of the gas-solid separator 40. The temperature of the gas after being separated by the gas-solid separator 40 is still relatively high, that is, the gas flowing out from the gas-solid separator 40 is a high-temperature gas. This high-temperature gas flows to the steam heat exchange assembly 50 and can carry out heat exchange in the steam heat exchange assembly 50, so that the liquid in the steam heat exchange assembly 50 is heated to form water vapor. Thus, the water vapor can enter the return material assembly 30 and the reaction furnace 20. The unreacted carbonaceous raw materials in the return material assembly 30 will come into contact with the water vapor. Then, the carbonaceous raw materials in the return material assembly 30 enter the reaction furnace 20, which is equivalent to increasing the contact time between the carbonaceous raw materials in the reaction furnace 20 and the water vapor. Furthermore, the activation effect of the carbonaceous raw materials being activated is improved, and the quality of the generated activated carbon is enhanced.

[0050] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the feeding assembly 10 can have a conveyor belt with a transmission function. Of course, the feeding assembly 10 can also be a handling manipulator or a handling robot with a handling function. Regarding the specific type of the feeding assembly 10, the embodiment of the present application does not limit it here.

[0051] In addition, the high-temperature gas flowing out from the reaction furnace 20 enters the steam heat exchange assembly 50 after passing through the gas-solid separator 40, which is equivalent to utilizing the heat of the high-temperature gas flowing out from the reaction furnace 20, avoiding waste of this part of heat, and realizing energy recycling, which can reduce energy consumption.

[0052] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the carbonaceous raw materials carry out a carbonization reaction and an activation reaction in the reaction furnace 20. During the reaction process, water vapor is used as an activator, and the temperature in the reaction furnace 20 is relatively high, which can cause the carbonaceous raw materials to carry out a carbonization reaction.

[0053] In addition, in some embodiments, the steam heat exchange assembly 50 can include a heat exchanger 51 and a steam generator 52; the gas outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is communicated with the inlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger 51, the heat medium channel of the steam generator 52 is communicated with the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 to form a cycle, and the steam channel of the steam generator 52 is respectively communicated with the reaction furnace 20 and the return material assembly 30.

[0054] With such a setting, after the high-temperature gas flowing out of the reactor 20 flows to the gas-solid separator 40, the gas-solid separator 40 performs gas-solid separation on the high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas flowing out of the gas-solid separator 40 will flow to the inlet of the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51. Thus, the high-temperature gas can increase the temperature in the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51. The hot medium channel of the steam generator is connected to the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 to form a cycle, enabling the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 to heat the liquid in the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 to achieve heat exchange. Consequently, the liquid in the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 can flow to the hot medium channel of the steam generator 52, causing the temperature of the steam generator 52 to rise, so that the steam generator 52 generates water vapor. The water vapor can flow from the steam channel to the reactor 20 and the return material assembly 30. Moreover, after the liquid in the hot medium channel of the steam generator 52 heats the steam generator 52, the liquid in the hot medium channel of the water vapor flows to the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger 51 and is reheated by the high-temperature gas in the hot medium channel of the heat exchanger 51. That is, by setting the heat exchanger 51 and the steam generator 52, the heat of the high-temperature gas flowing out of the gas-solid separator 40 can be utilized, preventing the waste of this heat, and the steam generator 52 can ensure that the water vapor flows into the reactor 20 and the return material assembly 30, increasing the contact time of the carbonization raw material with the water vapor and improving the quality of the produced activated carbon.

[0055] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the gas-solid separator 40 can be a cyclone separator.

[0056] In addition, in some embodiments, the reactor 20 has a connected carbonization reaction occurrence part 21 and an activation reaction occurrence part 22; the steam channels of the steam generator 52 are respectively connected to the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21 and the activation reaction occurrence part 22; among them, the feeding port and the solid outlet are both located in the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21, and the gas outlet and the return material inlet are both located in the activation reaction occurrence part 22.

[0057] Since the steam channels of the steam generator 52 are respectively connected to the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21 and the activation reaction occurrence part 22, therefore, the water vapor flowing out of the steam channels of the steam generator 52 can flow to the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21 and the activation reaction occurrence part 22. The carbonization raw material in the activation reaction part can come into full contact with the water vapor, and the water vapor flowing out of the water vapor channel flows into the return material assembly 30, enabling the solid in the return material assembly 30 to also come into contact with the water vapor. The solid in the return material assembly 30 enters the activation reaction occurrence part 22 through the return material inlet, allowing the solid in the activation reaction occurrence part 22 to come into full contact with the water vapor.

[0058] It should be noted that the activation reaction occurrence part 22 can be located above the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21. Additionally, in the embodiments of the present application, the water vapor flowing out from the steam channel of the steam generator 52 flows to the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21, the activation reaction occurrence part 22, and the return material assembly 30.

[0059] Moreover, the feeding port and the solid outlet are both located in the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21, and the gas outlet and the return material inlet are both located in the activation reaction occurrence part 22. That is, the feeding assembly 10 adds the carbonization raw material to the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21 through the feeding port, and the activated carbon generated in the reaction furnace 20 flows out from the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21. The activation reaction occurs in the activation reaction occurrence part 22. Thus, the activation reaction occurrence part 22 discharges the high-temperature gas through the gas outlet, and the return material assembly 30 transfers the returned solid to the activation reaction occurrence part 22 through the return material inlet.

[0060] In addition, in some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may further include a dust removal assembly 60; the heat medium channel outlet of the steam heat exchange assembly 50 is communicated with the dust removal inlet of the dust removal assembly 60. The dust removal assembly 60 is used for removing dust from the flue gas entering the interior of the dust removal assembly 60. The dust removal assembly 60 has a discharge outlet for discharging the nascent activated carbon.

[0061] Since the heat medium channel outlet of the steam heat exchange assembly 50 is communicated with the dust removal inlet of the dust removal assembly 60, therefore, the gas flowing out from the heat medium channel outlet of the steam heat exchange assembly 50 will enter the dust removal assembly 60. The gas flowing into the steam heat exchange assembly 50 essentially flows out from the reaction furnace 20, so that the gas carries solid particles. Even after passing through the gas-solid separator 40, there will still be a small amount of solid particles in the gas. This causes the gas entering the steam heat exchange assembly 50 to contain a small amount of solid particles, and further the gas flowing out from the steam heat exchange assembly 50 contains a small amount of solid particles. Once this gas flows to the dust removal assembly 60, the dust removal assembly 60 will remove dust from the gas. Among them, the solid particles in the gas entering the dust removal assembly 60 are essentially fine nascent activated carbon particles. After the dust removal assembly 60 performs dust removal, the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly 60 can discharge the nascent activated carbon. That is, through the dust removal assembly 60, not only can the nascent activated carbon be collected at the solid outlet of the reaction furnace 20 and at the discharge port of the gas-solid separator 40, but also the nascent activated carbon can be collected at the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly 60. This increases the positions for collecting the nascent activated carbon, can collect more nascent activated carbon, and avoids waste of the generated nascent activated carbon.

[0062] It should be noted that when the steam heat exchange assembly 50 includes a heat exchanger 51 and a steam generator, at this time, the heat medium channel outlet of the heat exchanger 51 is communicated with the dust removal inlet of the dust removal assembly 60.

[0063] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the particle size of the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace 20 is larger than that of the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator 40, and the particle size of the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator 40 is larger than that of the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly 60.

[0064] In addition, in some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may further include a first water-cooled spiral 70; the first water-cooled spiral 70 is located at the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly 60, and the first water-cooled spiral 70 is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet. By providing the first water-cooled spiral 70, the relatively high-temperature nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly 60 is cooled by the first water-cooled spiral 70, thereby facilitating the collection of the nascent activated carbon at this position and avoiding the problem that it is not easy to collect the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly 60 due to its relatively high temperature.

[0065] In addition, in some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may further include a hot air assembly 80; the hot air assembly 80 is communicated with the reaction furnace 20, and the hot air assembly 80 is used to inject high-temperature flue gas into the reaction furnace 20. By providing the hot air assembly 80, the high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air assembly 80 can enter the reaction furnace 20, thereby facilitating the reaction of the carbonization raw materials in the reaction furnace 20 to generate activated carbon.

[0066] It should be noted that when the reaction furnace 20 includes a carbonization reaction occurrence part 21 and an activation reaction occurrence part 22, at this time, the hot air assembly 80 is communicated with the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21, so that the hot air assembly 80 injects high-temperature flue gas into the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21, enabling the carbonization raw materials in the carbonization reaction occurrence part 21 to be carbonized.

[0067] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, when the biomass activated carbon preparation system includes a dust removal assembly 60, the gas outlet of the dust removal assembly 60 may be communicated with the hot air assembly 80, so that the gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the dust removal assembly 60 can enter the hot air assembly 80. The hot air assembly 80 can burn this gas to generate high-temperature flue gas, and energy recycling can also be achieved, that is, the fuel of the hot air assembly 80 can be the gas flowing out of the reaction furnace 20, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air assembly 80 can enter the reaction furnace 20, enabling the carbonization raw materials in the reaction furnace 20 to react to generate high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas flowing out of the reaction furnace 20 enters the hot air assembly 80 again through the gas-solid separator 40, the dust removal assembly 60, etc.

[0068] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the hot air assembly 80 may be a hot blast stove, so that the hot blast stove can transfer high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas contains carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide can be used as an activation gas to improve the activation reaction efficiency.

[0069] In addition, in some embodiments, such as Figure 3 shown, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may further include a mixer 120; the steam channel of the steam generator 52 and the hot air component 80 are both connected to the mixer 120, and the mixer 120 is connected to the reaction furnace 20. The mixer 20 is used to mix the steam transferred by the steam generator 52, the high-temperature flue gas transferred by the hot air component 80, and air to obtain a mixed gas, and transfer the mixed gas to the reaction furnace 20.

[0070] By providing the mixer 120, it is equivalent to the steam generator 52 and the hot air component 80 being connected to the reaction furnace 20 through the mixer 120. Moreover, the steam generated by the steam generator 52 and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air component 80 are both transferred to the mixer 120. The mixer 120 mixes the steam, the high-temperature flue gas, and air to form a mixed gas. The mixed gas contains air, that is, the mixed gas includes flue gas. Therefore, after the mixed gas is transferred to the reaction furnace, the mixed gas can be used as an activator. Thus, compared with using only steam as an activator, by means of the mixer 120, oxygen is introduced. After the oxygen is transferred to the reaction furnace, it can promote partial oxidation reactions and contribute to the formation of pores in the activated carbon, thereby improving the activation efficiency and activation effect. That is, by providing the mixer 120, the mixer 120 injects the mixed gas into the reaction furnace 20, which helps to improve the activation efficiency and activation effect in the reaction furnace 20 and improve the quality of the generated activated carbon.

[0071] In addition, in some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may further include a second water-cooled screw 90; the second water-cooled screw 90 is located at the solid outlet of the reaction furnace 20, and the second water-cooled screw 90 is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace 20. By providing the second water-cooled screw 90, the relatively high-temperature nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace 20 is cooled by the second water-cooled screw 90, thereby facilitating the collection of the nascent activated carbon at this position and avoiding the problem that the relatively high-temperature nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace 20 is not easy to collect.

[0072] In addition, in some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system may further include a third water-cooled screw 100; the third water-cooled screw 100 is located at the discharge port of the gas-solid separator 40, and the third water-cooled screw 100 is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge port of the gas-solid separator 40. By providing the third water-cooled screw 100, the relatively high-temperature nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge port of the gas-solid separator 40 is cooled by the third water-cooled screw 100, thereby facilitating the collection of the nascent activated carbon at this position and avoiding the problem that the relatively high-temperature nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge port of the gas-solid separator 40 is not easy to collect.

[0073] In addition, in some embodiments, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a silo 110; the silo 110 is used to store carbonaceous raw materials, and the outlet of the silo 110 faces the feeding assembly 10.

[0074] Since the outlet of the silo 110 faces the feeding assembly 10, the carbonaceous raw materials stored in the silo 110 can be transferred to the feeding assembly 10 through the outlet, enabling the feeding assembly 10 to transfer the carbonaceous raw materials into the reaction furnace 20. Moreover, by providing the silo 110, it is also convenient to store carbonaceous raw materials. The silo 110 provides a storage space for the carbonaceous raw materials and facilitates the transfer of the carbonaceous raw materials to the feeding assembly 10.

[0075] It should be noted that the outlet of the silo 110 can be located above the feeding assembly 10, so that the carbonaceous raw materials flowing out of the outlet of the silo 110 can directly flow to the feeding assembly 10, enabling the feeding assembly 10 to transfer the carbonaceous raw materials into the reaction furnace 20.

[0076] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, the carbonaceous raw materials can include coal and biomass; the biomass includes straw, stubble, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit husks, vines or branches; among them, the particle size range of the carbonaceous raw materials is 10 mm to 50 mm.

[0077] The following combines Figure 1 and Figure 2 to illustrate the use of the biomass activated carbon preparation system provided by the embodiments of the present application:

[0078] When it is necessary to generate virgin activated carbon through the biomass activated carbon preparation system, the carbonaceous raw materials can be first added to the carbonization reaction part 21 of the reaction furnace 20 through the feeding assembly 10, and high-temperature flue gas is injected into the carbonization reaction part 21 through the hot air assembly 80, and steam is injected into the carbonization reaction part 21 through the steam generator 52. Among them, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas and the temperature of the steam can both be 1000 °C. In addition, steam is injected into the activation reaction part 22 and the return material assembly 30 through the steam generator 52, so that the solid in the return material assembly 30 is in full contact with the steam, and the solid in the activation reaction part 22 is in full contact with the steam, enabling the biomass activated carbon preparation system to generate activated carbon, and virgin activated carbon is collected at the solid outlet of the reaction furnace 20, virgin activated carbon is collected at the discharge port of the gas-solid separator 40, and virgin activated carbon is collected at the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly 60.

[0079] In addition, as Figure 3As shown, when the activated carbon preparation system includes a mixer 120, the water vapor generated by the water vapor generator 52 and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot air assembly 80 are both transferred to the mixer 120. The mixer 120 mixes the water vapor, the high-temperature flue gas, and air to form a mixed gas, and then transfers the mixed gas to the reaction furnace 20.

[0080] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing biomass activated carbon, which is applied to the biomass activated carbon preparation system in any one of the above embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method for preparing biomass activated carbon includes:

[0081] Step 301: Add carbonaceous raw materials to the reaction furnace.

[0082] Among them, the carbonaceous raw materials can be added to the reaction furnace through a feeding assembly, and the particle size range of the carbonaceous raw materials can be 10 mm to 50 mm. Among them, the carbonaceous raw materials can include coal and biomass; the biomass includes straw, stubble, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit shells, vines or branches.

[0083] It should be noted that when adding carbonaceous raw materials to the reaction furnace, the feeding amount can be 5 tons each time, and the feeding interval is 90 minutes, that is, 5 tons of carbonaceous raw materials are added to the reaction furnace each time, and 5 tons are fed again after an interval of 90 minutes.

[0084] Step 302: Pass water vapor into the reaction furnace and the return material assembly respectively through a steam heat exchange assembly, and pass high-temperature flue gas into the reaction furnace to enable the carbonaceous raw materials to react in the reaction furnace.

[0085] Among them, high-temperature flue gas can be passed into the reaction furnace through a hot air assembly, and water vapor can be passed into the reaction furnace through a water vapor generator. The temperature range of the high-temperature flue gas can be 850 °C to 1200 °C, the pressure range of the water vapor can be 0.2 MPa to 0.7 MPa, and the volume ratio range of the high-temperature flue gas to the water vapor can be 1:0.8 to 1:3.

[0086] Specifically, the pressure range of the water vapor in the carbonization reaction part can be 0.3 MPa - 0.7 MPa, and the pressure range of the water vapor passed into the activation reaction part can be 0.2 MPa - 0.6 MPa.

[0087] In addition, in some implementation manners, the biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a mixer. The implementation manner of step 302 can be: passing water vapor into the mixer through a steam heat exchange assembly, and passing high-temperature flue gas into the mixer through a hot air assembly to enable the mixer to mix the water vapor, the high-temperature flue gas, and air to obtain a mixed gas; transferring the mixed gas to the reaction furnace and the return material assembly through the mixer.

[0088] Among them, the temperature range of the mixed gas formed by the mixer can be 800°C to 1000°C. Once the mixed gas enters the reaction furnace, the mixed gas serves as an activation gas, causing the substances in the reaction furnace to undergo a fluidization effect and an activation reaction. The fluidization effect enables the carbonaceous raw material particles to be evenly heated, and the activation reaction causes a large number of micropores to form on the surface of the carbonaceous raw materials, thereby obtaining an activated carbon product with a high specific surface area.

[0089] It should be noted that the temperature of the mixed gas can be any value between 800°C and 1000°C. For example, the temperature of the mixed gas is 800°C, or the temperature of the mixed gas is 850°C, or the temperature of the mixed gas is 900°C, or the temperature of the mixed gas is 1000°C.

[0090] It should also be noted that when water vapor, high-temperature flue gas, and air are mixed by the mixer to form a mixed gas, the air can be 5% of the mixed gas, that is, the air accounts for 5% in the mixed gas, and the water vapor and high-temperature flue gas account for 95%.

[0091] In addition, in some implementation manners, after the mixed gas is transferred to the reaction furnace and the return material assembly through the mixer, the activation reaction time in the reaction furnace is 90 minutes to 120 minutes. That is, after injecting the mixed gas into the reaction furnace, after 90 minutes to 120 minutes, the nascent activated carbon is collected.

[0092] Step 303: Collect the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace and the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator.

[0093] Among them, the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace can be collected, and the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet of the gas-solid separator can be collected. In addition, in some implementation manners, the nascent activated carbon can also be collected at the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly.

[0094] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0095] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass activated carbon preparation system, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system includes: a feeding assembly, a reaction furnace, a return material assembly, a gas-solid separator, and a steam heat exchange assembly; The reaction furnace has a feeding port, a gas outlet, a return material inlet, and a solid outlet. The feeding assembly is used to add a carbonaceous raw material into the feeding port of the reaction furnace. The gas-solid separator has a gas inlet, a return material port, a discharge port, and a gas outlet. The gas inlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the gas outlet of the reaction furnace. The return material port of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the feeding end of the return material assembly. The discharge end of the return material assembly is communicated with the return material inlet of the reaction furnace. The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the steam heat exchange assembly. The steam heat exchange assembly is respectively communicated with the reaction furnace and the return material assembly. The steam heat exchange assembly is used to introduce water vapor into the reaction furnace and the return material assembly; Wherein, the solid outlet of the reaction furnace is used to discharge granular primary activated carbon, and the discharge port of the gas-solid separator is used to discharge granular primary activated carbon.

2. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The steam heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchanger and a water vapor generator; The gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is communicated with the inlet of the heat medium channel of the heat exchanger. The heat medium channel of the water vapor generator is communicated with the cold medium channel of the heat exchanger to form a cycle. The steam channel of the water vapor generator is respectively communicated with the reaction furnace and the return material assembly.

3. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reaction furnace has a connected carbonization reaction occurrence part and an activation reaction occurrence part; The steam channels of the water vapor generator are respectively communicated with the carbonization reaction occurrence part and the activation reaction occurrence part; Wherein, the feeding port and the solid outlet are both located in the carbonization reaction occurrence part, and the gas outlet and the return material inlet are both located in the activation reaction occurrence part.

4. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a dust removal assembly; The outlet of the heat medium channel of the steam heat exchange assembly is communicated with the dust removal inlet of the dust removal assembly. The dust removal assembly is used to remove dust from the flue gas entering the inside of the dust removal assembly. The dust removal assembly has a discharge outlet, and the discharge outlet is used to discharge primary activated carbon.

5. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 4, wherein The biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a first water-cooled screw; The first water-cooled screw is located at the discharge outlet of the dust removal assembly, and the first water-cooled screw is used to cool the primary activated carbon discharged from the discharge outlet.

6. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 2, wherein The biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a hot air assembly; The hot air assembly is communicated with the reaction furnace, and the hot air assembly is used to inject high-temperature flue gas into the reaction furnace.

7. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a mixer; The steam channel of the water vapor generator and the hot air component are both communicated with the mixer. The mixer is communicated with the reaction furnace. The mixer is used to mix the water vapor transmitted by the water vapor generator, the high-temperature flue gas transmitted by the hot air assembly, and air to obtain a mixed gas, and transmit the mixed gas to the reaction furnace.

8. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a second water-cooled screw; The second water-cooled screw is located at the solid outlet of the reaction furnace, and the second water-cooled screw is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace.

9. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a third water-cooled screw; The third water-cooled screw is located at the discharge port of the gas-solid separator, and the third water-cooled screw is used to cool the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge port of the gas-solid separator.

10. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a silo; The silo is used to store the carbonaceous raw material, and the outlet of the silo faces the feeding assembly.

11. The biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The carbonaceous raw material includes coal and biomass; the biomass includes straws, residues, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit husks, vines or branches; Among them, the particle size range of the carbonaceous raw material is 10 mm to 50 mm.

12. A method for preparing biomass activated carbon, characterized in that, Applied to the biomass activated carbon preparation system according to any one of claims 1-11, the biomass activated carbon preparation system includes a steam heat exchange component and a hot air component, and the biomass activated carbon preparation method includes: Adding carbonaceous raw material into the reaction furnace; Passing water vapor into the reaction furnace and the return material assembly respectively through the steam heat exchange component, and passing high-temperature flue gas into the reaction furnace through the hot air component, so that the carbonaceous raw material reacts in the reaction furnace; Collecting the nascent activated carbon discharged from the solid outlet of the reaction furnace and the nascent activated carbon discharged from the discharge port of the gas-solid separator.

13. The method for preparing biomass activated carbon according to claim 12, wherein The biomass activated carbon preparation system further includes a mixer. Passing water vapor into the reaction furnace and the return material assembly respectively through the steam heat exchange component, and passing high-temperature flue gas into the reaction furnace through the hot air component, so that the carbonaceous raw material reacts in the reaction furnace, includes: Passing water vapor into the mixer through the steam heat exchange component, and passing high-temperature flue gas into the mixer through the hot air component, so that the mixer mixes the water vapor, the high-temperature flue gas and air to obtain a mixed gas; Transmitting the mixed gas to the reaction furnace and the return material assembly through the mixer.

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