Anaerobic organism growth promoting agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, and discloses an anaerobic organism growth promoting agent and a preparation method thereof. The anaerobic organism growth promoting agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of enzyme; an exogenous regulatory hormone; 0.5 to 1 part of a mixture; 1-2 parts of an organic salt; 0.25 to 0.75 part of inorganic salt; and 2-3 parts of a slow-release carrier. The anaerobic organism growth promoting agent has environmental stability, can keep stable performance in a certain pH and temperature range, can also be used as a carrier of anaerobic microorganisms, remarkably improves the endurance capacity of the anaerobic microorganisms to environmental conditions, continuously supplies nutrient substances through a slow release effect, improves the metabolic activity of the anaerobic microorganisms, and improves the growth of the anaerobic microorganisms. The sewage treatment efficiency is remarkably improved, and the problems that a traditional anaerobic biological treatment system is slow in starting and prone to instability are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, and particularly to an anaerobic biological promoter and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern sewage treatment processes, biochemical treatment plays a crucial role as the core link. This technology mainly utilizes the metabolic functions of specific microbial populations to convert macromolecular organic matter and toxic and harmful substances in sewage that are difficult to degrade by physical and chemical methods into small-molecule substances or harmless components, thereby significantly reducing their concentrations and enabling the effluent water quality to meet the discharge requirements. Biochemical treatment processes are mainly divided into two categories: anaerobic biological treatment and aerobic biological treatment. Among them, anaerobic biological treatment is a process in which, under anoxic conditions, through the synergistic action of microorganisms such as hydrolytic bacteria, acidifying bacteria, and methanogenic bacteria, complex organic matter is gradually decomposed into simple substances such as methane and carbon dioxide.

[0003] However, the anaerobic biological treatment technology still faces many challenges in practical applications: First, the generation cycle of anaerobic microorganisms is long, resulting in a slow start-up of the system, and it usually takes 2 - 3 months to reach a stable operating state; Second, the anaerobic biological treatment system has poor shock resistance. Anaerobic microorganisms are extremely sensitive to environmental conditions, with a narrow optimal temperature range, a small pH tolerance range, and are easily inhibited by toxic substances such as heavy metals and sulfides. Therefore, how to improve the metabolic activity and environmental adaptability of anaerobic microorganisms has become an urgent problem to be solved in current anaerobic biological treatment.

[0004] Biological promoters supply substances required for the life activities of water treatment microorganisms, enhance microbial activity, and improve the stability and shock resistance of the system. CN102515364B discloses a promoter for broad-spectrum microorganisms in sewage treatment. After adding this promoter, the COD removal rate of the sewage reaches 85.52%; CN110040846B discloses a promoter for enhancing the denitrification reaction in sewage treatment. This promoter contains a high proportion of polyols. Although it can improve the denitrification reaction, it will cause osmotic stress to anaerobic microorganisms in sewage treatment and affect the metabolic activity of anaerobic microorganisms. In summary, the existing biological promoter technology lacks targeted development for the physiological characteristics of anaerobic microorganisms and is difficult to meet the special needs of anaerobic microorganisms. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the problems of slow startup and poor shock resistance of anaerobic biological sewage treatment systems, the present invention provides an anaerobic biological promoter and a preparation method thereof. The anaerobic biological promoter with a slow-release carrier has high efficiency, stability, and specificity, can provide a suitable microenvironment for anaerobic microorganisms and the required nutrients to enhance the metabolic activity of microorganisms, and construct a buffer system to improve the adaptability of anaerobic microorganisms to different sewage environments. It also extends the effect time of the promoter by building a microcapsule structure, comprehensively improving the efficiency of anaerobic biological sewage treatment.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above object is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides an anaerobic biological promoter, comprising the following components in parts by weight: enzyme: 4 - 6 parts; exogenous regulatory hormone: 0.5 - 1 part; organic salt: 1 - 2 parts; inorganic salt: 0.25 - 0.75 part; slow-release carrier: 2 - 3 parts.

[0008] Preferably, the enzyme is cellulase, hydrogenase, and protease; the weight ratio of cellulase, hydrogenase, and protease is 3:1:1. The enzymes in this ratio can provide substrates for anaerobic bacteria, enhance the activity of anaerobic bacteria, and improve the stability of the system.

[0009] Preferably, the exogenous regulatory hormone is one or more of cobalamin, thiamine, or heme; the organic salt is one or more of ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, calcium acetate, or calcium gluconate. The hormone can enhance the organic matter degradation efficiency of anaerobic bacteria, and the organic salt provides a nitrogen source / carbon source to improve the activity of anaerobic bacteria.

[0010] Preferably, the inorganic salt comprises sulfate and phosphate; the weight ratio of sulfate to phosphate is 2 - 4:1. The organic salt and the inorganic salt form a buffer system through the ratio to reduce the influence of environmental pH on anaerobic bacteria.

[0011] More preferably, the sulfate is one or more of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, or sodium sulfate; the phosphate is one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or sodium dihydrogen phosphate. The inorganic salt provides metal elements for anaerobic bacteria to meet the nutritional requirements of anaerobic bacteria.

[0012] Preferably, the slow-release carrier is a composite system formed by rhamnolipid and chitosan, and the weight ratio of rhamnolipid to chitosan is 1:1 - 2.

[0013] More preferably, the slow-release carrier forms microcapsules through the three-dimensional network structure of chitosan molecules, and a dense molecular layer is formed on the surface of the microcapsules with rhamnolipid to construct a slow-release microcapsule structure. This slow-release microcapsule structure can encapsulate other components of the promoter and protect anaerobic microorganisms as a carrier.

[0014] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the anaerobic microorganism promoter, comprising the following steps:

[0015] In the preparation method, a sustained-release carrier is added to water and mixed evenly, and then inorganic salts, exogenous regulatory hormones, organic salts, and enzymes are added to the solution and mixed to obtain a biological growth promoter.

[0016] More preferably, after the sustained-release carrier is added to water, ultrasonic treatment is used for mixing; the ultrasonic treatment power is 200-400 W, the temperature is 20-30 °C, and the time is 30-60 min. The ultrasonic treatment modifies the sustained-release carrier, endowing it with stronger embedding function and sustained-release effect.

[0017] More preferably, in the addition step, inorganic salts, exogenous regulatory hormones, organic salts, and enzymes are added in sequence, and the mixing and stirring time is 20-30 minutes.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The present invention screens the components of the growth promoter to improve the metabolic activity of anaerobic microorganisms; and uses ultrasonic treatment technology to optimize the microcapsule structure of the chitosan-rhamnolipid composite system, significantly improving the embedding efficiency of the composition for other components of the growth promoter, further enhancing the metabolic activity of anaerobic microorganisms in the sewage treatment process, and significantly improving the sewage treatment efficiency. (2) The composite prepared by the present invention has excellent environmental stability and can maintain stable performance within a wider pH range and temperature range. As a biological carrier for anaerobic microorganisms, the composite significantly improves the tolerance of microorganisms to environmental conditions, enabling them to maintain a high activity even under temperature fluctuations and pH fluctuations. (3) Rhamnolipid and chitosan in the composite form a stable sustained-release microcapsule structure through multiple intermolecular interactions, which not only provides a suitable growth microenvironment for anaerobic microorganisms but also continuously supplies nutrients through the sustained-release effect, effectively solving the problems of slow startup and easy instability of traditional anaerobic biological treatment systems. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments:

[0020] General Embodiment

[0021] The present invention provides an anaerobic biological growth promoter, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: enzyme: 4-6 parts; exogenous regulatory hormone: 0.5-1 part; organic salt: 1-2 parts; inorganic salt: 0.25-0.75 part; sustained-release carrier: 2-3 parts.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the enzymes are cellulase, hydrogenase, and protease; the weight ratio of cellulase, hydrogenase, and protease is 3:1:1. The technical effects are as follows: Cellulase provides easily degradable substrates for anaerobic bacteria by hydrolyzing polysaccharides, shortening the anaerobic digestion startup period and improving substrate utilization efficiency; protease hydrolyzes macromolecular proteins, avoiding the inhibition of long-chain proteins and maintaining system stability; hydrogenase can enhance methanogens and improve the degradation efficiency of methanogens.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments, the exogenous regulatory hormones are one or more of cobalamin, thiamine, or heme; the organic salts are one or more of ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, calcium acetate, or calcium gluconate. The technical effects are as follows: The exogenous regulatory hormones and organic salts optimize the activity of sewage treatment microorganisms through the same mechanism. The hormones activate the functions of key coenzymes, and the organic salts provide nitrogen sources / carbon sources and stabilize cell structures. The two work together to enhance the pollutant degradation efficiency and maintain the stability of the anaerobic environment.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments, the inorganic salts include sulfate and phosphate; the weight ratio of sulfate to phosphate is 2 - 4:1. The technical effects are as follows: In an anaerobic environment, sulfate and phosphate combine to form a dynamic buffer system, effectively maintaining the stability of the environmental pH and ensuring the metabolic activity of anaerobic bacteria. Sulfate consumes protons through the biological reduction process and generates alkaline substances, alleviating the acidification caused by the accumulation of organic acids; phosphate directly neutralizes excess hydrogen ions through the dissociation equilibrium and plays a core buffering role in the range of neutral to weakly alkaline. The two complement each other to cover a wider pH range and avoid the risk of sulfide toxicity at the same time.

[0025] In some more preferred embodiments, the sulfate is one or more of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate, or sodium sulfate; the phosphate is one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or sodium dihydrogen phosphate. The technical effects are as follows: Sulfate provides sulfur elements and metal ions, activating the activities of dehydrogenases and coenzymes; phosphate supplements phosphorus nutrition and regulates the nitrogen-phosphorus ratio, supporting nucleic acid synthesis and energy metabolism. The two work together to meet the nutritional requirements of anaerobic microorganisms and improve the degradation efficiency of organic matter.

[0026] In some preferred embodiments, the slow-release carrier is a composite system formed by rhamnolipid and chitosan, and the weight ratio of rhamnolipid to chitosan is 1:1 - 2.

[0027] In some more preferred embodiments, the sustained-release carrier forms microcapsules through the three-dimensional network structure of chitosan molecules, and rhamnolipid forms a dense molecular layer on the surface of the microcapsules to form a sustained-release microcapsule structure. The technical effects are as follows: The constructed sustained-release carrier constructs a dual protection system through the molecular synergistic effect of chitosan and rhamnolipid; the chitosan molecules form a three-dimensional network microcapsule through electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond cross-linking to achieve efficient encapsulation of other components of the biological growth promoter; the self-assembled rhamnolipid molecular layer on the surface of the microcapsule effectively blocks the damage of external dissolved oxygen, free radicals, and extreme pH / temperature to the active ingredients through hydrophobic barrier and charge shielding effects; the sustained-release carrier has both physical isolation and chemical stability functions, and its porous structure provides an ideal attachment interface for anaerobic microorganisms; under environmental stress, the inside of the microcapsule maintains local microenvironmental homeostasis through ion exchange with the embedded chemical buffer system, and at the same time releases active substances on demand through the pore diffusion mechanism, enabling anaerobic microorganisms to maintain metabolic activity when coping with acid-base shocks and temperature fluctuations.

[0028] The present invention also provides a preparation method of an anaerobic biological growth promoter, which specifically includes the following steps: adding the sustained-release carrier into water and mixing, and then adding inorganic salts, exogenous regulatory hormones, organic salts, and enzymes into the solution and mixing to obtain the biological growth promoter.

[0029] In some preferred embodiments, after the sustained-release carrier is added into water, ultrasonic treatment is used to mix evenly; the ultrasonic treatment power is 200-400 W, the temperature is 20-30 °C, and the time is 30-60 min. The technical effects are as follows: Through the unique cavitation effect, mechanical shear, and microjet action of ultrasonic treatment, the performance of the chitosan and rhamnolipid microcapsule system is significantly improved; under the action of ultrasound, the locally high-temperature and high-pressure environment generated by the rupture of cavitation bubbles reconstructs the chitosan molecular chain, reducing its molecular weight and increasing the degree of deacetylation at the same time, significantly enhancing its solubility and reactivity; while rhamnolipid has its micelle size reduced and its dispersibility significantly improved under the strong shear of ultrasound; the active free radicals generated during the ultrasonic treatment initiate the oxidative degradation of chitosan, promote the oxidative modification of rhamnolipid, and at the same time activate the functional groups of both, forming more hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between the amino and hydroxyl groups of chitosan and the carboxyl group of rhamnolipid, and improving the composite efficiency; this physical-chemical synergistic effect makes the structure of the microcapsule more stable, the particle size distribution more uniform, the encapsulation efficiency of anaerobic microorganisms increased, and the sustained-release performance significantly enhanced.

[0030] In some preferred embodiments, the addition steps are carried out in the order of inorganic salts, exogenous regulatory hormones, organic salts, and enzymes, and the mixing and stirring time is 20 - 30 min. The technical effect is as follows: During the preparation process, adding substances in the order of inorganic salts, exogenous regulatory hormones, organic salts, and enzymes can maximize the synergistic effect of each component, ensuring the stability and high efficiency of the preparation performance; adding inorganic salts first can establish a stable ionic environment, adjust the osmotic pressure and pH value of the preparation, and provide suitable physical and chemical conditions for the addition of subsequent components; adding exogenous regulatory hormones secondly can precisely control the physiological state of the active ingredients in the preparation; then adding organic salts can act as a buffer to maintain the stability of the preparation and provide necessary carbon sources and energy substances for anaerobic bacteria, enhancing their metabolic activity; finally, adding enzyme preparations can optimize the catalytic performance of the preparation and improve the degradation efficiency of bacteria on the target substrate. Specific Example

[0032] Preparation of the Composition

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Step 1: Add 20 g of rhamnolipid and 30 g of chitosan to deionized water. Use an ultrasonic processor, set the power to 300 W, the temperature to 25 °C, and the treatment time to 40 minutes.

[0035] Step 2: Add 7.5 g of ferrous sulfate and 2.5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the above solution. Stir with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 5 minutes to ensure that the inorganic salts are completely dissolved.

[0036] Step 3: Add 15 g of thiamine and stir for 5 minutes to evenly disperse the exogenous regulatory hormone.

[0037] Step 4: Add 30 g of ammonium acetate and stir for 10 minutes to ensure that the organic salts are completely dissolved.

[0038] Step 5: Finally, add 60 g of cellulase, 20 g of hydrogenase, and 20 g of protease. Stir for 15 minutes to ensure that the enzymes are evenly dispersed in the solution.

[0039] Comparative Example 1

[0040] Use the formula and preparation method of CN102515364B to prepare the growth promoter.

[0041] Comparative Example 2

[0042] The difference from Example 1 is that rhamnolipid and chitosan are not added during the preparation of the growth promoter, and the solution is not ultrasonically treated.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The difference from Example 1 is that after adding rhamnolipid and chitosan in Step 1, ultrasonic treatment is not carried out.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that 20 g of rhamnolipid and 20 g of chitosan are added in Step 1.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] The difference from Example 1 is that 20 g of rhamnolipid and 10 g of chitosan are added in Step 1.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] The difference from Example 1 is that the parameters of the ultrasonic processor in Step 1 are set as follows: power 200 W, temperature 20 °C, and treatment time 40 min.

[0051] Example 6

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that the parameters of the ultrasonic processor in Step 1 are set as follows: power 300 W, temperature 25 °C, and treatment time 50 min.

[0053] Example 7

[0054] The difference from Example 1 is that the parameters of the ultrasonic processor in Step 1 are set as follows: power 400 W, temperature 30 °C, and treatment time 50 min.

[0055] Example 8

[0056] The difference from Example 1 is that 5 g of ferrous sulfate and 2.5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added in Step 2.

[0057] Example 9

[0058] The difference from Example 1 is that 10 g of ferrous sulfate and 2.5 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added in Step 2.

[0059] Example 10

[0060] The difference from Example 1 is that the hormone added in Step 3 is cobalamin.

[0061] Example 11

[0062] The difference from Example 1 is that the hormone added in Step 3 is heme.

[0063] Example 12

[0064] The difference from Example 1 is that the organic acid added in Step 4 is calcium acetate.

[0065] Example 13

[0066] The difference from Example 1 is that the organic acid added in Step 4 is ammonium formate.

[0067] Example 14

[0068] The difference from Example 1 is that the organic acid added in Step 4 is calcium gluconate.

[0069] Example 15

[0070] The difference from Example 1 is that the mass of cellulase added in Step 5 is 40 g.

[0071] Example 16

[0072] The difference from Example 1 is that the mass of cellulase added in Step 5 is 80 g.

[0073] Table 1 Summary of Formulas

[0074] In the table, the * symbol represents not adding this substance or not performing this operation.

[0075] Examples 1 - 7 and Comparative Example 2 are for screening the ratio of rhamnolipid and chitosan and the ultrasonic treatment parameters.

[0076] Examples 1, 8 - 16 are for screening the formula of the growth-promoting agent active substance.

[0077] Performance Test

[0078] (1) Collect the sewage samples mixed evenly after the coarse grid sump well, add them to a 10 L small anaerobic reactor, and strictly control the reaction conditions according to the actual operating parameters of the anaerobic tank in the sewage treatment plant: the dissolved oxygen content is maintained ≤ 0.1 mg / L by nitrogen stripping, the pH value is stabilized at 7 - 7.5 by an automatic control system, the temperature is controlled at 35.0 ± 0.5 °C by a constant temperature water bath jacket, and the hydraulic retention time is fixed at 3 hours; all reactors are synchronously added with anaerobic bacteria of equal mass, and then equal mass of pretreated growth-promoting agents (Examples 1 - 16 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2) or equal volume of deionized water (control group) are quantitatively injected respectively. The mixture is ensured to be uniform by mechanical stirring at 150 rpm throughout the process, and the operation is carried out at a constant temperature; samples are collected before and after treatment, and the suspended solids (SS, GB / T 1901 - 1989 gravimetric method) and chemical oxygen demand (COD, HJ828 - 2017 dichromate method) are measured according to the national standard method, and the degradation rate is calculated according to the formula:

[0079] Suspended solids degradation rate (%) = (1 - initial SS / final SS after treatment) × 100;

[0080] Organic matter degradation rate (%) = (1 - initial COD / final COD after treatment) × 100; The results are shown in Table 2.

[0081] Table 2

[0082] As can be seen from Table 2, the anaerobic biological promoter provided by the embodiments of the present invention is used for sewage treatment. Under the condition of a fixed hydraulic retention time, the degradation efficiency of suspended solids and organic matter in each embodiment is significantly improved compared with that of the comparative examples and the control group.

[0083] Comparative examples 1-2 did not contain a slow-release carrier, and their degradation rates were higher than those of the control group, but their degradation efficiencies were significantly lower than those of the embodiments; after the slow-release carrier was introduced in Embodiment 2, the SS / organic matter degradation rate increased compared with Comparative examples 1-2; in Embodiment 3, the slow-release carrier was ultrasonically treated, and its SS / organic matter degradation rate was significantly improved, indicating that ultrasonic induction can reconstruct the chitosan molecular chain and combine with rhamnolipid to construct a microcapsule structure, enhancing the embedding efficiency of other components of the promoter and improving the slow-release effect of the active components; this synergistic effect was further verified in Embodiments 3-7.

[0084] Embodiments 1, 8-16 prove that the preferred formulation of the present invention can significantly improve the SS / organic matter degradation rate compared with the control group. The optimal formulation is 3 parts of cellulase, 1 part of hydrogenase, and 1 part of protease as enzymes, 0.75 part of thiamine as a hormone, 1.5 parts of ammonium acetate as an organic salt, 0.375 part of ferrous sulfate and 0.125 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate as inorganic salts, 1 part of rhamnolipid and 1.5 parts of chitosan as slow-release carriers, and the prepared promoter has the best effect. The selected optimal enzyme ratio improves the synergistic efficiency between enzymes; thiamine, as a key hormone of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, has a stable thiazole ring structure that is more suitable for the reducing environment of the anaerobic system, can effectively promote the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A in the hydrolysis acidification stage, and improve the sewage treatment efficiency of anaerobic organisms; ammonium acetate can be used as a carbon source and a nitrogen source, is more easily utilized by anaerobic microorganisms, and can significantly improve the biological activity of anaerobic organisms; inorganic salts maintain osmotic pressure balance and ionic strength, provide a buffering effect, and provide a suitable living environment for anaerobic microorganisms.

[0085] In summary, the replacement or proportion adjustment of any single component will break the dynamic balance of the system; changing the slow-release carrier ratio and treatment conditions will affect the formation of the chitosan-rhamnolipid complex and the overall effect; while the substitution of coenzymes or salt components directly interferes with the metabolic pathway. This high degree of synergy indicates that the technical solution of the present invention achieves the maximization of degradation efficiency through precise regulation; the invention not only improves the sewage treatment efficiency of anaerobic microorganisms, but also constructs a microenvironment adapted to the metabolic characteristics of anaerobic flora, and prolongs the action time through slow-release, so as to achieve the purpose of promoting the sewage treatment effect of anaerobic organisms.

[0086] (2) Under the basic test conditions of (1), select Example 1 to add a temperature variable group: set the reactor temperature to 15°C, 25°C, 45°C, and 55°C respectively; maintain the target temperature through a programmable constant temperature water bath jacket (temperature control accuracy ±0.3°C), and record the temperature fluctuation in real time; the parameters such as the dosing method of the strain and the growth promoter and the stirring rate are the same as the original test. Measure SS before and after treatment and calculate the degradation rate, and analyze the influence of temperature on the microbial activity and the efficacy of the growth promoter. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3 Temperature (°C) Degradation rate of the control group (%) Degradation rate of the example (%) 15 41.0 42.5 25 65 85 35 69.40 95.50 45 63.4 87.6 55 51.2 63.2

[0088] It can be concluded from Table 3 that in the range of 15 - 55°C, the degradation efficiency of the growth promoter system shows a single-peak curve that first increases and then decreases with the increase of temperature, and the peak value appears at 35°C. At this temperature, the synergistic effect between the growth promoter and the mesophilic anaerobic flora reaches the optimal state. In the low-temperature environment, the degradation efficiency of the growth promoter is slightly different from that of the control group. It is speculated that due to the change in the conformation of enzyme proteins and the decrease in the lipid fluidity of cell membranes caused by low temperature, the dispersion efficiency of the slow-release carrier and the slow-release kinetics of the active components are severely restricted; while in the mesophilic temperature range of 25 - 45°C, the degradation efficiency of the growth promoter system is always significantly higher than that of the control group. Especially at 45°C, the high removal rate of 87.6% is still maintained, indicating that the slow-release carrier stabilizes the microbial membrane structure by forming an amphiphilic molecular layer, and at the same time, the thermal stability of the microcapsule system effectively alleviates the peroxidation damage caused by high temperature, thereby enhancing the tolerance of the flora to thermal stress. This growth promoter not only shows the optimal degradation efficiency in the range of 30 - 40°C, but also further improves the adaptability of anaerobic flora to environmental temperature fluctuations by regulating the ionic strength and the stability of metabolic coenzymes.

[0089] (3) Under the basic test conditions of (1), select Example 1 to add a pH variable group: set the pH value of the sewage to 5, 6, 8, and 9 respectively; use a pH automatic control system to dynamically adjust the target pH value with 1mol / L HCl / NaOH solution; the parameters such as the dosing method of the strain and the growth promoter and the stirring rate are the same as the original test. Measure SS before and after treatment and calculate the degradation rate, and explore the influence of pH on the adaptability of the growth promoter. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0090] Table 4 pH value Degradation rate of the control group (%) Degradation rate of the example (%) 5.0 32.1 40.2 6.0 65.4 85.3 7.0 69.40 95.50 8.0 61.2 91.5 9.0 24.5 33.4

[0091] It can be concluded from Table 4 that in the range of pH 5.0 - 9.0, the degradation efficiency of the growth promoter system shows a single-peak curve and reaches the peak value under neutral conditions, which is 26.1% higher than that of the control group, indicating that the metabolic synergy between the growth promoter and the anaerobic flora is optimal in this pH environment. In the acidic range, the degradation efficiency of the growth promoter is significantly higher than that of the control group, which is mainly due to the dual protection of the microbial membrane by the micellization of the slow-release carrier: firstly, the micelles adsorb H+ Form a local buffered microenvironment to alleviate the toxicity of protons to the cell membrane; secondly, the release of ammonium ions from ammonium acetate can dynamically neutralize the liquid-phase acidity, and ferrous sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate form a buffer system to maintain the metabolic activity of anaerobic microorganisms. Under alkaline conditions, the growth promoter still exhibits a high degradation efficiency, and its mechanism involves the deprotonation behavior of the microcapsule system: the carboxyl dissociation of chitosan is enhanced in a weakly alkaline environment, and heavy metal ions are adsorbed through electrostatic interaction and the sludge floc structure is stabilized. Moreover, the antioxidant property of the thiazole ring of thiamine coenzyme under alkaline conditions is superior to that of the traditional system, slowing down the coenzyme degradation rate. Through the collaborative design of physical and chemical protection and metabolic regulation, this growth promoter not only significantly enhances the activity of anaerobic bacteria under neutral to weak acid / weak alkaline conditions, but also endows the system with the tolerance to short-term pH fluctuations.

[0092] (4) Under the basic test conditions of (1), Example 1 and the comparative example were selected for long-term stability operation tests; the parameters such as the inoculation method of the strain and the growth promoter and the stirring rate were the same as those in the original test, and continuous 20-day periodic treatment was carried out (each 5 days is one operation cycle). At the end of each cycle, the SS degradation rate was measured and calculated, and the sludge dehydrogenase activity (TTC method) was synchronously monitored to analyze the slow-release effect of the growth promoter under long-term operation conditions. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0093] Table 5

[0094] It can be concluded from Table 5 that in the long-term stability test, the slow-release system constructed by the technical solution of the present invention shows a significant continuous operation effect. The SS degradation rate of Example 1 only shows a slight decrease as the number of operation days increases, and always remains stable at a relatively high level, indicating that the slow-release carrier effectively guarantees the persistent supply of microbial active substances and can continuously improve the sewage treatment effect of anaerobic microorganisms. In contrast, the initial degradation rate of the comparative example is lower than that of Example 1 and fluctuates significantly, reflecting the defect that the conventional dosing method without the slow-release carrier gradually shows insufficient supply of active substances over time. Although the control group shows a natural adaptive increase with the operation time, its absolute efficiency is still significantly lagging behind the slow-release system. The change trend of the synchronously monitored dehydrogenase activity is highly consistent with the degradation rate, confirming that the technical solution of the present invention effectively extends the action time of the active substances through slow-release design.

[0095] The raw materials and equipment used in the present invention are all common raw materials and equipment in the art unless otherwise specified; the methods used in the present invention are all conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent transformation made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anaerobic biological growth promoter, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: enzyme: 4 - 6 parts; exogenous regulatory hormone: 0.5 - 1 part; organic salt: 1 - 2 parts; inorganic salt: 0.25 - 0.75 part; sustained-release carrier: 2 - 3 parts.

2. The anaerobic biological growth promoter according to claim 1, wherein The enzyme is cellulase, hydrogenase and protease; the weight ratio of cellulase, hydrogenase and protease is 3:1:

1.

3. An anaerobic biological growth promoter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exogenous regulatory hormone is one or more of cobalamin, thiamine or heme; the organic salt is one or more of ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, calcium acetate or calcium gluconate.

4. The anaerobic biological growth promoter according to claim 1, wherein The inorganic salt comprises sulfate and phosphate; the weight ratio of sulfate to phosphate is 2 - 4:

1.

5. The anaerobic biological growth promoter according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The sulfate is one or more of ferrous sulfate, magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate; the phosphate is one or more of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or sodium dihydrogen phosphate.

6. The anaerobic biological growth promoter according to claim 1, wherein, The sustained-release carrier is a composite system formed by rhamnolipid and chitosan, and the weight ratio of rhamnolipid to chitosan is 1:1 - 2.

7. An anaerobic biological growth promoter according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The sustained-release carrier forms microcapsules through the three-dimensional network structure of chitosan molecules, and a dense molecular layer is formed on the surface of the microcapsules with rhamnolipid to construct a sustained-release microcapsule structure.

8. A method for preparing the anaerobic biological growth promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: adding the sustained-release carrier into water and mixing, and then adding the inorganic salt, exogenous regulatory hormone, organic salt and enzyme into the solution and mixing to obtain the biological growth promoter.

9. The preparation method of an anaerobic biological growth promoter according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the sustained-release carrier is added into water, ultrasonic treatment is used to mix evenly; the ultrasonic treatment power is 200 - 400 W, the temperature is 20 - 30 °C, and the time is 30 - 60 min.

10. The preparation method of an anaerobic biological growth promoter according to claim 8, characterized in that, The addition step is carried out in the order of inorganic salt, exogenous regulatory hormone, organic salt and enzyme, and the mixing and stirring time is 20 - 30 minutes.

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