A daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic and its preparation process

Abstract

This invention discloses a daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic and its preparation process, belonging to the field of ceramic preparation technology. By optimizing the raw material ratio and introducing composite nanomaterials and novel grinding aids, the invention effectively improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the ceramic product while ensuring the product's environmental friendliness. The raw materials selected are natural minerals such as nepheline syenite and baddeleyite, which not only utilizes resources sustainably and reduces environmental pollution, but also improves the density and mechanical properties of the ceramic material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic preparation, and in particular to a daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic and a preparation process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Daily-use ceramics refer to ceramic products widely used in daily life, made from pottery or porcelain clay, through molding, drying, and firing. Primarily designed for practicality, they also offer decorative elements, including tableware, tea sets, wine sets, drinking vessels, kitchen utensils, and storage containers. They are easy to wash and keep clean, have good thermal stability, conduct heat slowly, resist burns, and are chemically stable and durable. Consequently, they have long been popular and widely used. Furthermore, they are environmentally friendly, aesthetically pleasing, and affordable, meeting the needs of consumers at all levels.

[0003] However, existing daily-use ceramic products generally have problems of brittleness and poor toughness, which makes them prone to defects such as breakage and cracks during production, transportation and daily use. This not only affects the service life of the product, but also increases the production and logistics costs of the company.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN108863297A discloses a high-strength household ceramic and its preparation method. The ceramic comprises the following raw materials by weight: 30-40 parts halloysite, 10-20 parts kaolin, 3-6 parts titanium dioxide, 8-10 parts aluminum oxide, 1-5 parts nano-titanium nitride, 20-25 parts konjac glucomannan powder, 10-15 parts fumed silica, and 4-8 parts KH791 silane coupling agent. This invention does not add a grinding aid during the ball milling process, making it difficult to effectively prevent powder agglomeration during ball milling and wet milling, affecting the slurry uniformity and the density and mechanical properties of the final ceramic. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic and a preparation process thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Mixing vein quartz, nepheline syenite, baddeleyite, alumina, diatomaceous earth, composite nanomaterials, and a grinding aid uniformly, then ball-milling, sieving, and removing impurities to obtain a powder; then adding deionized water and wet-grinding to obtain a slurry, which is then placed in a mold and pressed into a ceramic body;

[0008] S2, mixing potassium feldspar, cobalt oxide, quartz, sericite, calcite, zinc oxide, illite, sodium tripolyphosphate, silicon carbide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and water, and wet ball milling to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0009] S3, applying the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic body in step S3, and drying the glazed ceramic body to obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body; sintering the glazed daily-use ceramic body, and naturally cooling the glazed daily-use ceramic body to obtain the high-strength environmentally friendly daily-use ceramic.

[0010] Preferably, in step S1, the mass ratio of vein quartz, nepheline syenite, baddeleyite, alumina, diatomaceous earth, composite nanomaterials, and grinding aids is 10-20:8-15:15-25:5-20:5-15:3-10:1-3; the ball milling speed is 1500-1800 rpm, and the time is 30-60 min; the wet milling speed is 1200-1500 rpm, and the time is 1-2 h; and the amount of water added is 1-1.5 times the mass of the powder.

[0011] Preferably, the preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows:

[0012] Yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and kaolin are first added to water for ultrasonic treatment, and then ammonia water is added dropwise to obtain a mixture. The mixture is then transferred to a stainless steel reactor for hydrothermal reaction to obtain a nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is dispersed in an ethanol aqueous solution, vinyltriisopropoxysilane is added, and the reaction is stirred to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite. Di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphate is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, and the surface-modified nanocomposite and ammonium persulfate are added. The reaction is heated to obtain a composite nanomaterial.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the yttrium nitrate hexahydrate, kaolin, and ammonia water is 1-3:2-4:10-20; the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160-200° C., and the hydrothermal reaction time is 10-20 h.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the nanocomposite, vinyl triisopropoxysilane, and di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphate is 10-20:3-5:5-8; the stirring reaction temperature is 40-60°C, and the reaction time is 3-5h; the heating reaction temperature is 30-50°C, and the reaction time is 1-3h.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows:

[0016] Talc and dopamine are added to a Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mixed, and ultrasonically stirred in an open container at room temperature for reaction. The reaction product is centrifuged, washed, and vacuum-dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc. The polydopamine-modified talc is dispersed in water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is added, and the mixture is heated for reaction to obtain the grinding aid.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the talc powder and dopamine is 1:2-4, the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is obtained by mixing tris(hydroxymethylaminomethane), hydrochloric acid solution and deionized water, and the pH of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is 8-10; the mass ratio of the polydopamine-modified talc powder and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 3-5:1.2-1.8.

[0018] Preferably, in the step S2, the mass ratio of potassium feldspar, cobalt oxide, quartz, sericite, calcite, zinc oxide, illite, sodium tripolyphosphate, silicon carbide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and water is 30-40:5-10:20-30:5-8:10-15:8-12:5-8:5-8:3-5:3-5:50-100; the wet ball milling speed is 700-900 rpm, and the time is 6-8 h.

[0019] Preferably, the specific steps of the sintering treatment in the S3 step are: heating from room temperature to 180-200°C at a heating rate of 2-4°C / min, keeping warm for 2-3 hours, then heating to 200-500°C at a heating rate of 5-8°C / min and keeping warm for 3-5 hours, and then heating to 1200°C at a heating rate of 8-10°C / min and keeping warm for 3-5 hours.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides a daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic and a preparation method thereof. By optimizing the raw material ratio and introducing composite nanomaterials and new grinding aids, the comprehensive mechanical properties of the ceramic product are effectively improved on the basis of ensuring the green and environmental protection of the product. The raw materials selected are natural minerals such as nepheline syenite and baddeleyite, which not only utilize resources sustainably and reduce environmental pollution, but also improve the density and mechanical properties of the ceramic material;

[0022] (2) The preparation of the composite nanomaterial of the present invention is to load the yttrium oxide precursor on kaolin through a hydrothermal reaction, and generate an yttrium oxide-kaolin composite in the subsequent calcination process, thereby improving the problems of uneven mixing of kaolin and yttrium oxide and easy agglomeration of yttrium oxide. Yttrium oxide can be used as a sintering aid in the ceramic sintering process, and can form a liquid phase between ceramic powder particles or promote the formation of certain low-melting phases, thereby reducing the temperature required for sintering and inhibiting the grain growth of ceramic materials at high temperatures, playing a role in grain refinement. Grain refinement can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the material, improve density and uniformity, and graft di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphate on the surface of the nanocomposite, and graft allyl phosphate diethyl to the nanocomposite. On the one hand, the dispersibility of the composite nanomaterial is improved, and on the other hand, phosphate groups can be introduced and the binding force between the phosphate groups and the nanocomposite is improved. During the calcination process, the phosphate groups and SiO2, Al2O 3、 CaO interacts with each other to form stable phosphates or silicoaluminophosphate compounds, which improves the structural density and mechanical strength of ceramic materials;

[0023] (3) The grinding aid of the present invention improves the dispersibility of ceramic raw materials and reduces the energy consumption of ball milling. The presence of a large number of hydroxyl and amino groups in its molecules can adsorb on the surface of the powder to form hydrogen bonds and form films, hindering the healing of microcracks and improving the ball milling efficiency. By grafting 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride on the grinding aid, the grinding aid is given charged properties, further improving the electrostatic repulsion of the powder, inhibiting agglomeration and sedimentation, improving the molding fluidity and body density, and further improving the mechanical properties of the ceramic body. Compared with ordinary physical blending, by grafting 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, the charge can be more evenly dispersed during the grinding process, thereby improving the stability and durability of the grinding aid in the system;

[0024] (4) The present invention avoids the thermal stress concentration caused by rapid heating by sintering through gradient heating, ensuring that the material maintains its integrity during dehydration, carbonization and phase transformation; it makes the sintering process of ceramic raw materials more controllable, avoids the problem of uneven sintering caused by rapid heating, and is beneficial to improving the mechanical properties of the material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To avoid redundancy, the items used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified, and the methods used are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified. Example 1

[0026] A method for preparing daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1, 15g vein quartz, 12g nepheline syenite, 20g baddeleyite, 15g alumina, 10g diatomaceous earth, 7g composite nanomaterial, 2g grinding aid were mixed, and then ball milled at a speed of 1650rpm for 45min. After sieving and removing impurities, a powder was obtained; then deionized water 1.2 times the mass of the powder was added and wet-milled at a speed of 1380rpm for 1.5h to obtain a slurry, which was then placed in a mold for compression molding to obtain a ceramic body;

[0028] S2, 35g potassium feldspar, 8g cobalt oxide, 25g quartz, 6.5g sericite, 12g calcite, 10g zinc oxide, 6.8g illite, 6.5g sodium tripolyphosphate, 4g silicon carbide, 4g sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 80g water were mixed and wet-milled at a speed of 800rpm for 7h to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0029] S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic body in step S3, and after drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic body, and after natural cooling, obtain the daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic; the specific steps of the sintering treatment are: heating from room temperature to 190°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, keeping warm for 2.5 hours, then heating to 350°C at a heating rate of 6°C / min, keeping warm for 4 hours, and then heating to 1200°C at a heating rate of 9°C / min, and keeping warm for 4 hours.

[0030] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows:

[0031] First, 10 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 15 g of kaolin were added to 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, and then 150 g of 25 wt% ammonia water was added dropwise to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a stainless steel reactor for hydrothermal reaction at a temperature of 180 ° C and a time of 15 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, collected, washed, and dried to obtain a nanocomposite; 15 g of the nanocomposite was dispersed in 200 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 4.2 g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane was added, stirred at 50 ° C for 4 h, filtered, collected, washed, and dried to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite; 6.2 g of di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate was dissolved in 150 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the surface-modified nanocomposite and 2.5 g of ammonium persulfate were added. The mixture was heated at 40 ° C for 2 h, and the solid product was filtered, collected, washed, and dried to obtain a composite nanomaterial.

[0032] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows:

[0033] 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) was added to 5 L of deionized water and magnetically stirred at room temperature to completely dissolve it. A 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. 10 g of talc and 30 g of dopamine were added to 400 mL of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mixed in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution was 9. The mixture was ultrasonically stirred at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc. 8 g of polydopamine-modified talc was ultrasonically dispersed in 150 mL of water, 3 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was heated at 40° C. for 2 h. The mixture was filtered, and the solid product was collected, washed, and dried to obtain the grinding aid. Example 2

[0034] A method for preparing daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1. 10 g of vein quartz, 8 g of nepheline syenite, 15 g of baddeleyite, 5 g of alumina, 5 g of diatomaceous earth, 3 g of composite nanomaterials, and 1 g of a grinding aid were mixed uniformly, and then ball-milled at a speed of 1500 rpm for 60 min. After sieving and removing impurities, a powder was obtained; deionized water of equal mass to the powder was then added and wet-milled at a speed of 1200 rpm for 2 h to obtain a slurry, which was then placed in a mold for compression molding to obtain a ceramic body;

[0036] S2. 30 g of potassium feldspar, 5 g of cobalt oxide, 30 g of quartz, 5 g of sericite, 10 g of calcite, 8 g of zinc oxide, 5 g of illite, 5 g of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3 g of silicon carbide, 3 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 50 g of water were mixed and wet-milled at a speed of 700 rpm for 8 h to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0037] S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic body in step S3, and after drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic body, and after natural cooling, obtain the daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic; the specific steps of the sintering treatment are: heating from room temperature to 200°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min, keeping warm for 3 hours, then heating to 200°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, keeping warm for 5 hours, and then heating to 1200°C at a heating rate of 8°C / min, and keeping warm for 5 hours.

[0038] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows:

[0039] First, 5g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 10g of kaolin were added to 200mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, and then 100g of 25wt% ammonia water was added dropwise to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a stainless steel reactor for hydrothermal reaction at a temperature of 160°C and a time of 20h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, the solid was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a nanocomposite; 10g of the nanocomposite was dispersed in 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 3g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40°C for 5h. The solid was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite; 5g of di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate was dissolved in 150mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, the surface-modified nanocomposite and 2.0g of ammonium persulfate were added, and the mixture was heated at 30°C for 3h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a composite nanomaterial.

[0040] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows:

[0041] 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) was added to 5 L of deionized water and magnetically stirred at room temperature to completely dissolve it. A 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. 10 g of talc and 20 g of dopamine were added to 400 mL of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mixed in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution was 9. The mixture was ultrasonically stirred at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc. 6 g of polydopamine-modified talc was ultrasonically dispersed in 150 mL of water, 2.4 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was heated at 40° C. for 2 h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed, and dried to obtain the grinding aid. Example 3

[0042] A method for preparing daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1, 20g vein quartz, 15g nepheline syenite, 25g baddeleyite, 20g alumina, 15g diatomaceous earth, 10g composite nanomaterial, 3g grinding aid were mixed, and then ball milled at a speed of 1800rpm for 30min. After sieving and removing impurities, a powder was obtained; then deionized water 1.5 times the mass of the powder was added and wet-milled at a speed of 1500rpm for 1h to obtain a slurry, which was then placed in a mold for compression molding to obtain a ceramic body;

[0044] S2, 40g potassium feldspar, 10g cobalt oxide, 30g quartz, 8g sericite, 15g calcite, 12g zinc oxide, 8g illite, 8g sodium tripolyphosphate, 5g silicon carbide, 5g sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 100g water were mixed uniformly, and wet ball milled at a speed of 800rpm for 7h to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0045] S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic body in step S3, and after drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic body, and after natural cooling, obtain the daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic; the specific steps of the sintering treatment are: heating from room temperature to 200°C at a heating rate of 4°C / min, keeping warm for 2 hours, then heating to 500°C at a heating rate of 8°C / min and keeping warm for 3 hours, then heating to 1200°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min and keeping warm for 3 hours.

[0046] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows:

[0047] First, 15g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 20g of kaolin were added to 200mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, and then 200g of ammonia water was added dropwise to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a stainless steel reactor for hydrothermal reaction at a temperature of 200°C and a time of 10h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, the solid was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a nanocomposite; 25g of the nanocomposite was dispersed in 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 5g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane was added, and the mixture was stirred at 60°C for 1h. The solid was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite; 8g of di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate was dissolved in 150mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the surface-modified nanocomposite and 3g of ammonium persulfate were added. The mixture was heated at 50°C for 1h, the solid product was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a composite nanomaterial.

[0048] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows:

[0049] 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) was added to 5 L of deionized water and magnetically stirred at room temperature to completely dissolve it. A 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. 10 g of talc and 40 g of dopamine were added to 400 mL of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mixed in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution was 9. The mixture was ultrasonically stirred at room temperature for 20 hours. The reaction product was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc. 10 g of polydopamine-modified talc was ultrasonically dispersed in water, 3.6 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was heated at 40° C. for 2 hours. The mixture was filtered, and the solid product was collected, washed, and dried to obtain the grinding aid.

[0050] Comparative Example 1

[0051] A method for preparing daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics is similar to that of Example 1, except that the composite nanomaterial is not grafted with di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphate. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1, 15g vein quartz, 12g nepheline syenite, 20g baddeleyite, 15g alumina, 10g diatomaceous earth, 7g composite nanomaterial, 2g grinding aid were mixed, and then ball milled at a speed of 1650rpm for 45min. After sieving and removing impurities, a powder was obtained; then deionized water 1.2 times the mass of the powder was added and wet-milled at a speed of 1380rpm for 1.5h to obtain a slurry, which was then placed in a mold for compression molding to obtain a ceramic body;

[0053] S2, 35g potassium feldspar, 8g cobalt oxide, 25g quartz, 6.5g sericite, 12g calcite, 10g zinc oxide, 6.8g illite, 6.5g sodium tripolyphosphate, 4g silicon carbide, 4g sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 80g water were mixed and wet-milled at a speed of 800rpm for 7h to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0054] S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic body in step S3, and after drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic body, and after natural cooling, obtain the daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic; the specific steps of the sintering treatment are: heating from room temperature to 190°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, keeping warm for 2.5 hours, then heating to 350°C at a heating rate of 6°C / min, keeping warm for 4 hours, and then heating to 1200°C at a heating rate of 9°C / min, and keeping warm for 4 hours.

[0055] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows:

[0056] First, 5 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 10 g of kaolin were added to 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, and then 150 g of 25 wt% ammonia water was added dropwise to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a stainless steel reactor for hydrothermal reaction at a temperature of 160 ° C and a time of 20 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, the solid was collected by filtration, washed, and dried to obtain a composite nanomaterial.

[0057] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows:

[0058] 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) was added to 5 L of deionized water and magnetically stirred at room temperature to completely dissolve it. A 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. 10 g of talc and 20 g of dopamine were added to 400 mL of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mixed in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution was 9. The mixture was ultrasonically stirred at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc. 6 g of polydopamine-modified talc was ultrasonically dispersed in 150 mL of water, 2.4 g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride was added, and the mixture was heated at 40° C. for 2 h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed, and dried to obtain the grinding aid.

[0059] Comparative Example 2

[0060] A method for preparing daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics is similar to that of Example 1, except that the grinding aid is a mixture of talc and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1. 15 g of vein quartz, 12 g of nepheline syenite, 20 g of baddeleyite, 15 g of alumina, 10 g of diatomaceous earth, 7 g of composite nanomaterials, and 2 g of talc were mixed uniformly, and then ball-milled at a speed of 1650 rpm for 45 min. After sieving and removing impurities, a powder was obtained; then deionized water 1.2 times the mass of the powder was added and wet-milled at a speed of 1380 rpm for 1.5 h to obtain a slurry, which was then placed in a mold and pressed to obtain a ceramic body;

[0062] S2, 35g potassium feldspar, 8g cobalt oxide, 25g quartz, 6.5g sericite, 12g calcite, 10g zinc oxide, 6.8g illite, 6.5g sodium tripolyphosphate, 4g silicon carbide, 4g sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 80g water were mixed and wet-milled at a speed of 800rpm for 7h to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0063] S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic body in step S3, and after drying, obtain a glazed daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic body; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic body, and obtain the daily-use ceramic after natural cooling; the specific steps of the sintering treatment are: heating from room temperature to 190°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, keeping warm for 2.5 hours, then heating to 350°C at a heating rate of 6°C / min, keeping warm for 4 hours, and then heating to 1200°C at a heating rate of 9°C / min, and keeping warm for 4 hours.

[0064] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows:

[0065] First, 5g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 10g of kaolin were added to 200mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, and then 150g of 25wt% ammonia water was added dropwise to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a stainless steel reactor for hydrothermal reaction at a temperature of 160°C and a time of 20h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, the solid was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a nanocomposite; 10g of the nanocomposite was dispersed in 200mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 3g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane was added, and the mixture was stirred at 40°C for 5h. The solid was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite; 5g of di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate was dissolved in 150mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, the surface-modified nanocomposite and 2.0g of ammonium persulfate were added, and the mixture was heated at 30°C for 3h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain a composite nanomaterial.

[0066] The grinding aid is a mixture of 8g of talc and 3g of 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0067] Comparative Example 3

[0068] A method for preparing daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics is similar to that of Example 1, except that the grinding aid is not grafted with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0069] S1, 15g vein quartz, 12g nepheline syenite, 20g baddeleyite, 15g alumina, 10g diatomaceous earth, 7g composite nanomaterial, 2g grinding aid were mixed, and then ball milled at a speed of 1650rpm for 45min. After sieving and removing impurities, a powder was obtained; then deionized water 1.2 times the mass of the powder was added and wet-milled at a speed of 1380rpm for 1.5h to obtain a slurry, which was then placed in a mold for compression molding to obtain a ceramic body;

[0070] S2, 35g potassium feldspar, 8g cobalt oxide, 25g quartz, 6.5g sericite, 12g calcite, 10g zinc oxide, 6.8g illite, 6.5g sodium tripolyphosphate, 4g silicon carbide, 4g sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and 80g water were mixed and wet-milled at a speed of 800rpm for 7h to obtain a glaze slurry;

[0071] S3. Apply the glaze slurry to the surface of the ceramic body in step S3, and after drying, obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body; sinter the glazed daily-use ceramic body, and after natural cooling, obtain the daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic; the specific steps of the sintering treatment are: heating from room temperature to 190°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, keeping warm for 2.5 hours, then heating to 350°C at a heating rate of 6°C / min, keeping warm for 4 hours, and then heating to 1200°C at a heating rate of 9°C / min, and keeping warm for 4 hours.

[0072] The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows:

[0073] First, 10 g of yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and 15 g of kaolin were added to 200 mL of water for ultrasonic treatment, and then 150 g of 25 wt% ammonia water was added dropwise to obtain a mixture. The mixture was then transferred to a stainless steel reactor for hydrothermal reaction at a temperature of 180 ° C and a time of 15 h. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled, filtered, collected, washed, and dried to obtain a nanocomposite; 15 g of the nanocomposite was dispersed in 200 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 4.2 g of vinyltriisopropoxysilane was added, stirred at 50 ° C for 4 h, filtered, collected, washed, and dried to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite; 6.2 g of di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate was dissolved in 150 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, and the surface-modified nanocomposite and 2.5 g of ammonium persulfate were added. The mixture was heated at 40 ° C for 2 h, and the solid product was filtered, collected, washed, and dried to obtain a composite nanomaterial.

[0074] The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows:

[0075] 6 g of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) was added to 5 L of deionized water and magnetically stirred at room temperature to completely dissolve it. A 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to the resulting solution to adjust the pH to obtain a Tris-HCl aqueous solution with a pH of 9. 10 g of talc and 30 g of dopamine were added to 400 mL of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mixed in an open container. The pH value of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution was 9. The mixture was ultrasonically stirred at room temperature for 20 h. The reaction product was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc, which was the grinding aid.

[0076] Performance Testing

[0077] Bending strength test: The PT-1036PC universal material testing machine was used to test the bending strength of the sample. The sample size was 3mm×4mm×20mm, the span was 16mm, and the indenter loading speed was 0.5mm / min. The bending strength was the average of three measurements.

[0078] Fracture toughness test: fracture toughness test was carried out according to GB / T23806-2009 "Fine Ceramics Fracture Toughness Test Method Single Edge Precracked Beam (SEPB) Method";

[0079] Water absorption test: Take 5 pieces of ceramic fragments, wash and dry them, and weigh them separately. Then, separate the ceramic fragments and place them in distilled water. Boil them for 3 hours, during which the water level is kept at least 10mm above the ceramic fragments. Then, remove the ceramic fragments and wipe off the water attached to the surface of the ceramic fragments with a water-saturated cloth. Quickly weigh them separately and calculate the average water absorption rate of the 5 ceramic fragments to obtain the water absorption rate of the ceramic product. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0080] Table 1 Ceramic performance test results

[0081]

[0082] It can be seen from the experimental results in Table 1 that the daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics prepared in the present application have good mechanical properties and low water absorption rate.

[0083] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramics, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Mixing vein quartz, nepheline syenite, baddeleyite, alumina, diatomaceous earth, composite nanomaterials, and a grinding aid uniformly, then ball-milling, sieving, and removing impurities to obtain a powder; then adding deionized water and wet-grinding to obtain a slurry, which is then placed in a mold and pressed into a ceramic body; S2, mixing potassium feldspar, cobalt oxide, quartz, sericite, calcite, zinc oxide, illite, sodium tripolyphosphate, silicon carbide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and water, and wet ball milling to obtain a glaze slurry; S3, applying the glaze slurry described in step S2 to the surface of the ceramic body described in step S1, and drying it to obtain a glazed daily-use ceramic body; sintering the glazed daily-use ceramic body, and naturally cooling it to obtain the daily-use ceramic; In step S1, the mass ratio of vein quartz, nepheline syenite, baddeleyite, alumina, diatomaceous earth, composite nanomaterial, and grinding aid is 10-20:8-15:15-25:5-20:5-15:3-10:1-3; The preparation method of the grinding aid is as follows: Talc and dopamine are added to a Tris-HCl aqueous solution and mixed, and ultrasonically stirred in an open container at room temperature for reaction. The reaction product is centrifuged, washed, and vacuum-dried to obtain polydopamine-modified talc. The polydopamine-modified talc is dispersed in water, 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is added, and the mixture is heated for reaction to obtain the grinding aid.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the composite nanomaterial is as follows: Yttrium nitrate hexahydrate and kaolin are first added to water for ultrasonic treatment, and then ammonia water is added dropwise to obtain a mixture. The mixture is then transferred to a stainless steel reactor for hydrothermal reaction to obtain a nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is dispersed in an ethanol aqueous solution, vinyltriisopropoxysilane is added, and the reaction is stirred to obtain a surface-modified nanocomposite. Di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphate is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, and the surface-modified nanocomposite and ammonium persulfate are added. The reaction is heated to obtain a composite nanomaterial.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein: The mass ratio of the yttrium nitrate hexahydrate, kaolin, and ammonia water is 1-3:2-4:10-20; the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 160-200° C., and the hydrothermal reaction time is 10-20 hours.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein: The mass ratio of the nanocomposite, vinyl triisopropoxysilane and di[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]phosphate is 10-20:3-5:5-8; the stirring reaction temperature is 40-60° C., and the reaction time is 3-5 hours.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of the talc powder to dopamine is 1:2-4, the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is obtained by mixing tris(hydroxymethylaminomethane), hydrochloric acid solution and deionized water, and the pH of the Tris-HCl aqueous solution is 8-10; the mass ratio of the polydopamine-modified talc powder to 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride is 3-5:1.2-1.

8.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein: In the step S2, the mass ratio of potassium feldspar, cobalt oxide, quartz, sericite, calcite, zinc oxide, illite, sodium tripolyphosphate, silicon carbide, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and water is 30-40:5-10:20-30:5-8:10-15:8-12:5-8:5-8:3-5:3-5:50-100; the wet ball milling speed is 700-900 rpm, and the time is 6-8 hours.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific steps of the sintering treatment in the S3 step are: heating from room temperature to 180-200°C at a heating rate of 2-4°C / min, keeping warm for 2-3 hours, then heating to 200-500°C at a heating rate of 5-8°C / min and keeping warm for 3-5 hours, and then heating to 1200°C at a heating rate of 8-10°C / min and keeping warm for 3-5 hours.

8. A daily-use high-strength environmentally friendly ceramic, characterized by: The invention is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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