Loess landslide slope body probing groove device and loess landslide slope body probing groove method

Abstract

The invention discloses a loess landslide slope body probing groove device and method, and relates to the technical field of geological prospecting, the loess landslide slope body probing groove device comprises a mounting frame, a driving screw rod is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, a threaded sleeve is mounted on the driving screw rod in a threaded mode, the loess landslide slope body probing groove device further comprises a plurality of shovel plates, and the shovel plates are spliced to form a square frame body; comprising the following steps: S1, selecting a loess landslide-prone place with high seismic intensity, strong seasonal freeze-thaw effect and frequent concentrated rainfall as a research target area; the device has the advantages that in the groove probing process, the shovel plate moves downwards to enable the cutter strip to move back and forth automatically, plant root systems and stone blocks below the shovel plate are cut, in addition, when downward movement of the shovel plate is blocked, the shovel plate can be kept static, meanwhile, the plant root systems and the stone blocks below the shovel plate are cut in the static process, and the cutting efficiency is improved. Therefore, the groove detection efficiency can be effectively ensured, and collapse of the groove wall caused by forcibly applying downward pressure to the plant root system and the stone can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration, and in particular to a device and method for exploring a loess landslide slope trench. Background Art

[0002] Loess itself has large pores, well-developed vertical joints, easily softens when exposed to water, and has poor structural stability. It is very prone to landslides when induced by factors such as rainfall, earthquakes, freeze-thaw and groundwater. The damage is particularly severe in areas where loess is distributed, posing a serious threat to life and property and damaging infrastructure and the ecological environment.

[0003] In order to study the instability characteristics, disaster-causing factors and migration patterns of loess landslides, it is necessary to select loess landslide-prone areas in areas with high earthquake intensity, strong seasonal freeze-thaw and heavy rainfall as the research target area, and use high-density electrical methods, geological radar, trenching, drilling and other means to find out the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions of the study area, and determine the site of the in-situ monitoring experimental field for loess slopes. After that, conduct on-site rainfall and temperature monitoring for more than three years; conduct remote sensing monitoring, low-altitude photography by drones, resistivity and wave velocity tests; deploy ground temperature, surface / deep displacement, water content, soil pressure, and groundwater level monitoring networks at the upper, middle and lower parts of the slope, conduct multi-field coordinated three-dimensional monitoring of the slope under multiple freeze-thaw cycles, and use monitoring data to establish an early warning model. When a landslide disaster is likely to occur, timely issue early warning information, organize personnel evacuation, and reduce the harm caused by the landslide.

[0004] At present, trenching treatment is generally divided into two types: machine trenching and manual trenching. Due to the characteristics of loess slopes, trench wall collapse is prone to occur when machine trenching is used, and in some areas with large slopes or inconvenient transportation, it is difficult for machines to move to the designated trenching area. Therefore, trenching on loess slopes is generally done manually using tools such as shovels or pickaxes.

[0005] When trepanning is done manually, there are problems such as the difficulty in controlling the trepanning size and the high labor intensity. In addition, the plant roots and stones in the soil will delay the progress of trepanning, and even increase the risk of trepanning wall collapse if not handled properly. Therefore, in order to perform trepanning faster and more stably, it is necessary to design a trepanning device and method for loess landslide slopes. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for exploring a loess landslide slope trough, which solves the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A loess landslide slope trough device comprises a mounting frame, a driving screw is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame, and a threaded sleeve is threadedly mounted on the driving screw, and further comprises: Multiple shovel plates, and multiple of the shovel plates are spliced to form a square frame. The shovel plates are connected to a threaded sleeve through connecting support rods. A knife bar is hermetically and slidably installed at the bottom of the shovel plate, and one side of the bottom of the knife bar close to the driving screw rod is provided with an inclined surface; Multiple side plates, and each side plate is slidably installed on the side of the corresponding shovel plate away from the driving screw rod. A reciprocating driving assembly matched with the knife bar is installed between the side plate and the shovel plate. The reciprocating driving assembly drives the knife bar to reciprocate at the bottom of the shovel plate by using the movement of the shovel plate relative to the side plate during the probing process; Multiple buffer assemblies, and multiple buffer assemblies are respectively installed on each shovel plate. The buffer assemblies are used to buffer the shovel plate relative to the threaded sleeve when the downward movement resistance of the shovel plate is large. The buffer assembly includes a connecting block slidably installed on the side wall of the shovel plate, and a driving assembly is installed between the connecting block and the reciprocating driving assembly. The driving assembly is used to drive the reciprocating sliding of the knife bar when the shovel plate performs a buffering movement relative to the threaded sleeve.

[0008] Further, a connecting support rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the threaded sleeve, and a card slot matched with the connecting block is opened at one end of the connecting support rod away from the threaded sleeve. A plugging rod is inserted between the connecting support rod and the connecting block.

[0009] Further, a moving rod is fixedly installed at the top of the knife bar through two fixing rods. A moving groove slidably matched with the moving rod is opened in the shovel plate, and two vertical grooves slidably matched with the corresponding fixing rods are opened at the bottom of the moving groove.

[0010] Further, the reciprocating driving assembly is composed of a groove, a rotating rod, an incomplete gear, a fixed gear, a driving rack and two fixed racks. The groove is opened in the moving rod. The rotating rod is rotatably installed on the shovel plate and is slidably matched with the moving rod. The incomplete gear is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating rod located in the groove. The fixed gear is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating rod located outside the shovel plate. The driving rack is fixedly installed on the top of the side plate and is meshed with the fixed gear. The two fixed racks are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the groove, and the two fixed racks are staggeredly meshed with the incomplete gear.

[0011] Further, the driving assembly is composed of a round rod, a small gear and a connecting rack. The round rod is fixedly installed at one end of the incomplete gear away from the fixed gear. The small gear is installed on the round rod through a one-way bearing. The connecting rack is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting block away from the connecting support rod and is meshed with the small gear.

[0012] Further, a sliding groove slidably matched with the connecting block is opened on the side wall of the shovel plate, and multiple springs are installed between the bottom of the sliding groove and the connecting block.

[0013] Further, a guide rod slidably engaged with the connecting support rod is fixedly installed on the mounting frame. A connecting seat is fixedly installed on the side wall of the shovel plate, and a square hole is formed in the connecting seat. A connecting rod slidably engaged with the square hole is fixedly installed on the side plate.

[0014] Further, two symmetrically arranged receiving grooves are formed in the side wall of the square hole, and clamping blocks are slidably installed in both receiving grooves. Fixed blocks are fixedly installed on the side walls of the two clamping blocks. A bidirectional lead screw is rotatably installed on the connecting seat, and the bidirectional lead screw is threadedly connected to both fixed blocks.

[0015] Further, a rubber sheet is installed at one end of the clamping block close to the square hole through a compression spring, and a limiting rod slidably engaged with the clamping block is fixedly installed at one end of the rubber sheet close to the clamping block. A limiting block is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping block, and a limiting groove slidably engaged with the limiting block is formed in the side wall of the receiving groove.

[0016] A method for exploring trenches in a loess landslide slope body, using the above-mentioned device for exploring trenches in a loess landslide slope body, includes the following steps: S1: Select a loess landslide-prone area with high seismic intensity, strong seasonal freeze-thaw action, and frequent concentrated rainfall as the research target area. Use measuring tools in the research target area to accurately determine the position and boundary of the trench, and mark them with wooden stakes or lime lines. S2: Use the insertion rod to fix the shovel plate and the connecting support rod, and at the same time insert the connecting rod on the side plate into the square hole in the connecting seat, and tighten the bidirectional lead screw to fix the connecting rod in the connecting seat. S3: Move the installed device to the marked area, and make the bottom of the square frame formed by splicing multiple shovel plates coincide with the area of the trench. Then adjust the tightness of the bidirectional lead screw according to the softness of the soil to control the frictional force between the connecting rod and the connecting seat. Specifically, when the soil is relatively loose, make the frictional force between the connecting rod and the connecting seat larger, and when the soil is relatively compact, make the frictional force between the connecting rod and the connecting seat smaller. S4: Rotate the driving screw clockwise to insert multiple shovel plates into the ground at the same time. During the insertion process, the side plate moves upward relative to the shovel plate. At this time, the driving rack on it meshes with the fixed gear to make the rotating rod rotate. Then, under the staggered meshing of the incomplete gear and the two fixed racks, the cutting blade reciprocates at the bottom of the shovel plate to cut the soil and plant roots, making the shovel plate insert into the soil more smoothly. S5: When encountering small stones that block the downward movement of the shovel plate, the shovel plate moves upward relative to the connecting block. At this time, the connecting rack on the connecting block drives the small gear to rotate. The one-way bearing is in a locked state at this time. Therefore, the round rod drives the incomplete gear to rotate simultaneously, causing the cutter bar to perform continuous reciprocating movement while the shovel plate remains stationary. Moreover, the movement of the connecting block on the shovel plate compresses multiple springs. Therefore, the elastic force of the springs will also cause the shovel plate to receive a gradually increasing downward acting force. Under the pressure and the cutting effect of the cutter bar, the small stones can be cut off to ensure the continued downward movement of the shovel plate; S6: After the small stones are cut off, the shovel plate quickly moves downward and resets under the elastic force of the springs. At this time, the one-way bearing is in a rotating state. Therefore, the movement of the connecting block relative to the shovel plate will not drive the incomplete gear to rotate, thereby avoiding movement interference caused by the movement of the connecting block and the movement of the side plate relative to the shovel plate; S7: After the shovel plate is inserted into the ground to a specified depth, rotate the driving screw counterclockwise to move multiple shovel plates upward and reset. Then, keep the connection between one shovel plate and the threaded sleeve, remove the other shovel plates, and then move this shovel plate into the cut and formed exploration trench at specified intervals in sequence, and repeat the clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the driving screw. Then, the soil in the exploration trench can be divided into multiple parts. After that, the staff can use tools such as shovels to shovel out the soil in the exploration trench.

[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1: By providing a cutter bar that can perform reciprocating movement at the bottom of the shovel plate, it can cut the plant roots and stones under the shovel plate during the exploration trench process, avoiding the delay of the exploration trench progress due to the blocked movement of the shovel plate, and also avoiding the collapse of the trench wall caused by forcibly applying downward pressure on the plant roots and stones.

[0018] 2: Through the cooperation of the side plate and the reciprocating driving component, the downward movement direction of the shovel plate can be limited, and the movement of the shovel plate relative to the side plate is used to provide drive for the reciprocating movement of the cutter bar, enabling it to automatically complete the cutting process of the plant roots and stones without the need to additionally set up a power device.

[0019] 3: Through the cooperation of the buffer component and the driving component, when the downward resistance received by the shovel plate is large, it can be kept stationary, and at the same time, it can continuously provide drive for the reciprocating movement of the cutter bar during the stationary process of the shovel plate, effectively cutting the stones that jam the shovel plate to ensure the smooth completion of the entire exploration trench operation.

[0020] 4: Through the cooperation of the clamping block and the rubber sheet, the movement resistance of the side plate relative to the shovel plate can be adjusted. Therefore, when the soil in the exploration trench is relatively soft, a certain degree of compaction treatment can be performed on the outer wall of the exploration trench by using the movement of the shovel plate during the exploration trench process, thereby improving the stability of the exploration trench and reducing the possibility of the trench wall collapse.

[0021] In summary, the present invention can utilize the downward movement of the scraper plate during the trenching process to automatically reciprocate the cutter bar, cutting the plant roots and stones below the scraper plate. Additionally, when the downward movement of the scraper plate is blocked, it can also remain stationary, and still cut the plant roots and stones below during the stationary process, thereby effectively ensuring the trenching efficiency and avoiding the collapse of the trench wall caused by forcibly applying downward pressure to the plant roots and stones. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a trenching device for a loess landslide slope proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure at the driving screw and one of the scraper plates in FIG.; Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the structure at the scraper plate in FIG.; Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic structural diagram after removing the cutter bar and the side plate; Figure 6 is Figure 4 a schematic diagram of the structure at the cutter bar in FIG.; Figure 7 is Figure 4 a top view of FIG.; Figure 8 is Figure 7 a schematic diagram of the structure of the A-A plane in FIG.; Figure 9 is Figure 7 a schematic diagram of the structure of the B-B plane in FIG.; Figure 10 is Figure 6 a schematic diagram of the structure at the fixed gear in FIG.; Figure 11 is Figure 5 a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connecting seat in FIG.

[0023] In the figure: 1, mounting frame; 2, driving screw; 3, threaded sleeve; 4, connecting support rod; 5, scraper plate; 6, cutter bar; 7, guide rod; 8, fixed rod; 9, moving rod; 10, vertical groove; 11, moving groove; 12, groove; 13, fixed rack; 14, rotating rod; 15, incomplete gear; 16, fixed gear; 17, connecting seat; 18, connecting rod; 19, side plate; 20, driving rack; 21, connecting block; 22, inserting rod; 23, sliding groove; 24, spring; 25, round rod; 26, small gear; 27, clamping block; 28, compression spring; 29, rubber sheet; 30, fixed block; 31, bidirectional lead screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] Referring to Figures 1-3 , a trenching device for a loess landslide slope body, comprising a mounting frame 1. A driving screw rod 2 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 1, and a threaded sleeve 3 is threadedly mounted on the driving screw rod 2. The mounting frame 1 is composed of a square frame and a circular base fixedly connected to the square frame through a cross. The driving screw rod 2 is rotatably mounted on the circular base through a bearing. A control turntable is fixed to the top of the driving screw rod 2 for controlling the rotation of the driving screw rod 2.

[0025] Referring to Figures 1-11 , a trenching device for a loess landslide slope body further comprises a plurality of shovel plates 5. The plurality of shovel plates 5 are spliced to form a square frame body, and the bottom of the square frame body is in the shape and size of a trench. The shovel plates 5 are connected to the threaded sleeve 3 through connecting support rods 4. The connecting support rods 4 are fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 3. A guide rod 7 slidably matched with the connecting support rods 4 is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 1. With the cooperation of the connecting support rods 4, when the driving screw rod 2 rotates, the shovel plates 5 can be driven to move up and down through the threaded sleeve 3. When the shovel plates 5 move down, they can be inserted into the soil for trenching treatment.

[0026] A plurality of buffer components are respectively mounted on each shovel plate 5. The buffer components are used to buffer the shovel plate 5 relative to the threaded sleeve 3 when the downward movement resistance of the shovel plate 5 is large. The buffer components include connecting blocks 21 slidably mounted on the side walls of the shovel plates 5. Sliding grooves 23 slidably matched with the connecting blocks 21 are formed on the side walls of the shovel plates 5, and a plurality of springs 24 are mounted between the bottoms of the sliding grooves 23 and the connecting blocks 21. With the cooperation of the sliding grooves 23 and the connecting blocks 21, the shovel plates 5 can move up and down relative to the connecting support rods 4 within a certain range. With the design of the plurality of springs 24, when the upward thrust received by the shovel plates 5 is small, it can ensure that the connecting blocks 21 are located at the tops of the sliding grooves 23. Therefore, when the shovel plates 5 do not receive a large enough resistance during the downward movement of trenching, the rotation of the driving screw rod 2 to drive the downward movement of the threaded sleeve 3 can simultaneously drive the shovel plates 5 to move downward. On the contrary, when the shovel plates 5 receive a large enough resistance, the downward movement of the driving screw rod 2 to drive the threaded sleeve 3 will cause the shovel plates 5 to move upward relative to the connecting blocks 21 by a certain distance to compress the springs 24, so that the shovel plates 5 can have a certain buffer movement space relative to the connecting blocks 21 when encountering stones during the downward movement, avoiding the problem that the movement of one shovel plate 5 is blocked and other shovel plates 5 cannot move smoothly.

[0027] A clamping groove matched with the connecting block 21 is formed at one end of the connecting support rod 4 away from the threaded sleeve 3. An inserting rod 22 is inserted between the connecting support rod 4 and the connecting block 21. The cooperation of the clamping groove and the connecting block 21 can limit the connection between the shovel plate 5 and the connecting support rod 4. The design of the inserting rod 22 can ensure the fixing effect between the connecting support rod 4 and the connecting block 21. A positioning piece is provided at one end of the inserting rod 22, and a positioning nut is threadedly connected to the other end.

[0028] A knife bar 6 is slidably installed at the bottom of the shovel plate 5 in a sealed manner. One side of the bottom of the knife bar 6 close to the driving screw 2 is provided with an inclined surface. The design of the knife bar 6 is used to cut the plant roots and stones in the soil, so that the shovel plate 5 can move downward more smoothly, thereby improving the trenching efficiency and reducing the possibility of the trench wall collapsing. The inclined surface setting of the knife bar 6 can exert an extrusion effect on the stone to move it inward when it contacts the stone, thereby reducing the probability of the trench side wall being damaged by the extrusion of the stone.

[0029] A plurality of side plates 19, each side plate 19 is slidably installed on the side of the corresponding shovel plate 5 away from the driving screw 2. A connecting seat 17 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the shovel plate 5, and a square hole is opened in the connecting seat 17. A connecting rod 18 that is slidably matched with the square hole is fixedly installed on the side plate 19. Through the cooperation of the connecting rod 18 and the connecting seat 17, the moving direction of the side plate 19 relative to the shovel plate 5 can be limited. The existence of the side plate 19 can further limit the moving direction of the shovel plate 5 on the side away from the mounting frame 1, improving the moving stability of the shovel plate 5 during the trenching process.

[0030] Two symmetrically arranged receiving grooves are opened on the side wall of the square hole, and two clamping blocks 27 are slidably installed in both receiving grooves. Fixed blocks 30 are fixedly installed on the side walls of the two clamping blocks 27. A bidirectional lead screw 31 is rotatably installed on the connecting seat 17, and the bidirectional lead screw 31 is threadedly connected to both fixed blocks 30. A knob is fixedly installed at one end of the bidirectional lead screw 31 outside the connecting seat 17. A rotating hole for rotatably cooperating with the bidirectional lead screw 31 is provided in the connecting seat 17, and a groove body for slidably cooperating with the two fixed blocks 30 is also provided in the connecting seat 17. When the bidirectional lead screw 31 is rotated, the distance between the two clamping blocks 27 can be adjusted. By using the clamping effect of the two clamping blocks 27 on both sides of the connecting rod 18, the moving resistance of the side plate 19 relative to the shovel plate 5 can be adjusted. Therefore, when trenching in a soft area, the moving resistance of the side plate 19 can be increased, so that the side plate 19 can exert a certain pressure on the outer wall of the trench during the trenching process of the shovel plate 5, performing a certain degree of compaction treatment on the outer wall of the trench, thereby improving the stability of the trench and reducing the possibility of the trench wall collapsing.

[0031] One end of the clamping block 27 close to the square hole is provided with a rubber sheet 29 through a compression spring 28, and a limiting rod that is slidably matched with the clamping block 27 is fixedly installed at one end of the rubber sheet 29 close to the clamping block 27. A limiting block is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping block 27, and a limiting groove that is slidably matched with the limiting block is opened on the side wall of the receiving groove. The design of the limiting block and the limiting groove is used to limit the moving direction of the clamping block 27, and the design of the limiting rod is used to limit the moving direction of the rubber sheet 29. The limiting rod, the limiting block and the limiting groove are not shown in the figure. The cooperation of the rubber sheet 29 and the compression spring 28 is convenient for better regulating the magnitude of the moving resistance of the side plate 19.

[0032] The top of the knife bar 6 is fixedly installed with a moving rod 9 through two fixing rods 8. A moving groove 11 that slidably cooperates with the moving rod 9 is opened in the shovel plate 5, and two vertical grooves 10 that slidably cooperate with the corresponding fixing rods 8 are opened at the bottom of the moving groove 11. With the cooperation of the fixing rods 8 and the moving rod 9, the knife bar 6 can reciprocally slide at the bottom of the shovel plate 5, thereby improving the cutting effect of the knife bar 6 on plant roots and stones.

[0033] A reciprocating drive assembly that cooperates with the knife bar 6 is installed between the side plate 19 and the shovel plate 5. The reciprocating drive assembly drives the knife bar 6 to reciprocally slide at the bottom of the shovel plate 5 by using the movement of the shovel plate 5 relative to the side plate 19 during the groove probing process. The reciprocating drive assembly consists of a groove 12, a rotating rod 14, an incomplete gear 15, a fixed gear 16, a driving rack 20, and two fixed racks 13. The groove 12 is opened in the moving rod 9. The rotating rod 14 is rotatably installed on the shovel plate 5 and slidably cooperates with the moving rod 9. The incomplete gear 15 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating rod 14 located inside the groove 12, and the fixed gear 16 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating rod 14 located outside the shovel plate 5. The driving rack 20 is fixedly installed on the top of the side plate 19 and meshes with the fixed gear 16. The two fixed racks 13 are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the groove 12 and meshingly engage with the incomplete gear 15 in a staggered manner. When the shovel plate 5 is inserted into the ground, the side plate 19 remains in place under the support of the ground. At this time, it moves upward relative to the shovel plate 5, and the upward movement of the side plate 19 will drive the driving rack 20 to move simultaneously. The meshing effect between the driving rack 20 and the fixed gear 16 causes the incomplete gear 15 to rotate in the groove 12. The arc length of the toothed part on the incomplete gear 15 has two included angles less than 170°. When the incomplete gear 15 rotates, the toothed part on it intermittently engages with the two fixed racks 13. The upper and lower positions of the two fixed racks 13 are designed such that when the incomplete gear 15 rotates, it drives the moving rod 9 to reciprocally move in the shovel plate 5, and further enables the knife bar 6 to reciprocally move at the lower end of the shovel plate 5, realizing the cutting treatment of plant roots and stones without the need to additionally set up a power device, with a high degree of automation.

[0034] A drive assembly is installed between the connecting block 21 and the reciprocating drive assembly. The drive assembly is used to drive the reciprocating sliding of the knife bar 6 when the shovel plate 5 performs a buffering movement relative to the threaded sleeve 3. The drive assembly consists of a round rod 25, a small gear 26, and a connecting rack. The round rod 25 is fixedly installed at one end of the incomplete gear 15 away from the fixed gear 16. The small gear 26 is installed on the round rod 25 through a one-way bearing. The connecting rack is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting block 21 away from the connecting support rod 4, and the connecting rack meshes with the small gear 26. When the shovel plate 5 is blocked from moving downward due to the presence of stones, the shovel plate 5 moves upward relative to the connecting block 21. At this time, the connecting rack on the connecting block 21 drives the small gear 26 to rotate. The one-way bearing is in a locked state at this time. The small gear 26 drives the round rod 25 to rotate simultaneously, and the round rod 25 drives the incomplete gear 15 to rotate, so that the cutter bar 6 can still perform continuous reciprocating movement while the shovel plate 5 is blocked from moving and remains stationary. Moreover, the movement of the connecting block 21 on the shovel plate 5 compresses the plurality of springs 24. Therefore, the elastic force of the springs 24 will also cause the shovel plate 5 to receive an increasingly larger downward acting force. Under the action of the pressure and the cutting effect of the cutter bar 6, the stones can be cut off more quickly to ensure that the shovel plate 5 continues to move downward. When the stones are cut off, the shovel plate 5 quickly moves downward and resets under the elastic force of the springs 24. At this time, the one-way bearing is in a rotating state. Therefore, the movement of the connecting block 21 relative to the shovel plate 5 will not drive the incomplete gear 15 to rotate, thereby avoiding the movement interference caused by the movement of the connecting block 21 and the movement of the side plate 19 relative to the shovel plate 5. When the stones are too large to be cut off, the corresponding shovel plate 5 cannot continue to move after moving to the maximum distance relative to the connecting block 21. At this time, the driving screw 2 is blocked from rotating. The staff can know which shovel plate 5 has a large stone under it according to the protruding length of the connecting rod 18 on the plurality of shovel plates 5. Then, the plurality of shovel plates 5 are removed from the soil, and other tools are used to cut or break the large stones to continue the subsequent trench exploration process.

[0035] The disassembly and assembly design of the device also facilitates its carrying and assembly, and is more suitable for trench exploration on the loess slope.

[0036] In the present invention, a method for exploring a trench on a loess landslide slope body includes the following steps: S1: Select a loess landslide-prone area with high seismic intensity, strong seasonal freezing and thawing effects, and frequent concentrated rainfall as the research target area. Use measuring tools in the research target area to accurately determine the position and boundary of the trench, and mark them with wooden stakes or lime lines; S2: Use the insertion rod 22 to fix between the shovel plate 5 and the connecting support rod 4. At the same time, insert the connecting rod 18 on the side plate 19 into the square hole in the connecting seat 17, and tighten the bidirectional lead screw 31 to fix the connecting rod 18 in the connecting seat 17; S3: Move the installed device to the marked area, and make the bottom of the square frame formed by splicing multiple shovel plates 5 coincide with the area of the exploratory trench. Then, adjust the tightness of the bidirectional lead screw 31 according to the softness of the soil to control the frictional force between the connecting rod 18 and the connecting seat 17. Specifically, when the soil is relatively loose, make the frictional force between the connecting rod 18 and the connecting seat 17 larger; when the soil is relatively compact, make the frictional force between the connecting rod 18 and the connecting seat 17 smaller. S4: Rotate the driving screw 2 clockwise to insert multiple shovel plates 5 into the ground simultaneously. During the insertion process, the side plate 19 moves upward relative to the shovel plate 5. At this time, the rotation of the rotating rod 14 is caused by the meshing effect between its driving rack 20 and the fixed gear 16. Furthermore, under the alternating meshing of the incomplete gear 15 and the two fixed racks 13, the cutter bar 6 reciprocates at the bottom of the shovel plate 5 to realize the cutting of the soil and plant roots, enabling the shovel plate 5 to be inserted into the soil more smoothly. S5: When small stones block the downward movement of the shovel plate 5, the shovel plate 5 moves upward relative to the connecting block 21. At this time, the connecting rack on the connecting block 21 drives the small gear 26 to rotate. The one-way bearing is in a locked state at this time. Therefore, the round rod 25 drives the incomplete gear 15 to rotate simultaneously, causing the cutter bar 6 to continuously reciprocate while the shovel plate 5 remains stationary. Moreover, the movement of the connecting block 21 on the shovel plate 5 compresses multiple springs 24. Therefore, the elastic force of the springs 24 will also cause the shovel plate 5 to receive an increasingly large downward acting force. Under the action of the pressure and the cutting effect of the cutter bar 6, the small stones can be cut off to ensure the continued downward movement of the shovel plate 5. S6: After the small stones are cut off, the shovel plate 5 quickly moves downward and resets under the elastic force of the spring 24. At this time, the one-way bearing is in a rotating state. Therefore, the movement of the connecting block 21 relative to the shovel plate 5 will not drive the incomplete gear 15 to rotate, thus avoiding the movement interference caused by the movement of the connecting block 21 and the movement of the side plate 19 relative to the shovel plate 5. S7: After the shovel plate 5 is inserted into the ground to the specified depth, rotate the driving screw 2 counterclockwise to move multiple shovel plates 5 upward and reset. Then, retain the connection of one shovel plate 5 to the threaded sleeve 3, remove the other shovel plates 5, and then move this shovel plate 5 into the cut exploratory trench at specified intervals in sequence. Repeat the clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the driving screw 2, and the soil in the exploratory trench can be divided into multiple portions. Then, the staff can use tools such as shovels to shovel out the soil in the exploratory trench.

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A trenching device for a loess landslide slope body, comprising a mounting frame (1), a driving screw rod (2) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (1), and a threaded sleeve (3) is threadedly mounted on the driving screw rod (2), characterized in that, It further includes: A plurality of shoveling plates (5), and the plurality of shoveling plates (5) are spliced to form a square frame. The shoveling plate (5) is connected to the threaded sleeve (3) through a connecting support rod (4). A knife bar (6) is hermetically and slidably installed at the bottom of the shoveling plate (5), and one side of the bottom of the knife bar (6) close to the driving screw rod (2) is provided with an inclined surface; A plurality of side plates (19), and each side plate (19) is slidably installed on the side of the corresponding shoveling plate (5) away from the driving screw rod (2). A reciprocating driving assembly matched with the knife bar (6) is installed between the side plate (19) and the shoveling plate (5). The reciprocating driving assembly drives the knife bar (6) to reciprocate at the bottom of the shoveling plate (5) by using the movement of the shoveling plate (5) relative to the side plate (19) during the groove probing process; A plurality of buffer assemblies, and the plurality of buffer assemblies are respectively installed on each shoveling plate (5). The buffer assembly is used to buffer the shoveling plate (5) relative to the threaded sleeve (3) when the downward movement resistance of the shoveling plate (5) is large. The buffer assembly includes a connecting block (21) slidably installed on the side wall of the shoveling plate (5), and a driving assembly is installed between the connecting block (21) and the reciprocating driving assembly. The driving assembly is used to drive the reciprocating sliding of the knife bar (6) when the shoveling plate (5) performs a buffering movement relative to the threaded sleeve (3).

2. The grooving device for loess landslide slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting support rod (4) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the threaded sleeve (3), and a clamping groove matched with the connecting block (21) is opened at one end of the connecting support rod (4) away from the threaded sleeve (3). A plugging rod (22) is inserted between the connecting support rod (4) and the connecting block (21).

3. The loess landslide slope trenching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the knife bar (6) is fixedly installed with a moving rod (9) through two fixing rods (8). A moving groove (11) slidably matched with the moving rod (9) is opened in the shoveling plate (5), and two vertical grooves (10) slidably matched with the corresponding fixing rods (8) are opened at the bottom of the moving groove (11).

4. The grooving device for loess landslide slope according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reciprocating driving assembly is composed of a groove (12), a rotating rod (14), an incomplete gear (15), a fixed gear (16), a driving rack (20) and two fixed racks (13). The groove (12) is opened in the moving rod (9). The rotating rod (14) is rotatably installed on the shoveling plate (5), and the rotating rod (14) is slidably matched with the moving rod (9). The incomplete gear (15) is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating rod (14) located in the groove (12). The fixed gear (16) is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating rod (14) located outside the shoveling plate (5). The driving rack (20) is fixedly installed on the top of the side plate (19), and the driving rack (20) is meshed with the fixed gear (16). The two fixed racks (13) are respectively fixedly installed at the upper and lower ends of the groove (12), and the two fixed racks (13) are meshed with the incomplete gear (15) in a staggered manner.

5. The grooving device for loess landslide slope body according to claim 4, characterized in that The driving assembly consists of a round rod (25), a small gear (26), and a connecting rack. The round rod (25) is fixedly installed at one end of the incomplete gear (15) away from the fixed gear (16). The small gear (26) is installed on the round rod (25) through a one-way bearing. The connecting rack is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting block (21) away from the connecting support rod (4), and the connecting rack meshes with the small gear (26).

6. The grooving device for loess landslide slope body according to claim 5, characterized in that, A chute (23) that slidably cooperates with the connecting block (21) is formed in the side wall of the shovel plate (5), and a plurality of springs (24) are installed between the bottom of the chute (23) and the connecting block (21).

7. A loess landslide slope trenching device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A guide rod (7) that slidably cooperates with the connecting support rod (4) is fixedly installed on the mounting frame (1). A connecting seat (17) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the shovel plate (5), and a square hole is formed in the connecting seat (17). A connecting rod (18) that slidably cooperates with the square hole is fixedly installed on the side plate (19).

8. A loess landslide slope trenching device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two symmetrically arranged receiving grooves are formed in the side wall of the square hole, and clamping blocks (27) are slidably installed in both receiving grooves. Fixed blocks (30) are fixedly installed on the side walls of the two clamping blocks (27). A bidirectional lead screw (31) is rotatably installed on the connecting seat (17), and the bidirectional lead screw (31) is threadedly connected to both fixed blocks (30).

9. The grooving device for loess landslide slope according to claim 8, characterized in that, A rubber sheet (29) is installed at one end of the clamping block (27) close to the square hole through a compression spring (28). A limiting rod that slidably cooperates with the clamping block (27) is fixedly installed at one end of the rubber sheet (29) close to the clamping block (27). A limiting block is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping block (27), and a limiting groove that slidably cooperates with the limiting block is formed in the side wall of the receiving groove.

10. A method for exploring trenches in a loess landslide slope, using a device for exploring trenches in a loess landslide slope as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: Select the loess landslide-prone areas with high seismic intensity, strong seasonal freeze-thaw action, and frequent concentrated rainfall as the research target areas. Use measuring tools in the research target areas to accurately determine the positions and boundaries of the exploration trenches, and mark them with wooden stakes or lime lines; S2: Use the insertion rod (22) to fix between the shovel plate (5) and the connecting support rod (4). At the same time, insert the connecting rod (18) on the side plate (19) into the square hole in the connecting seat (17), and tighten the bidirectional lead screw (31) to fix the connecting rod (18) in the connecting seat (17); S3: Move the installed device to the marked area, and make the bottom of the square frame formed by splicing a plurality of shovel plates (5) coincide with the area of the exploration trench. Then, adjust the tightness of the bidirectional lead screw (31) according to the softness of the soil to control the friction force between the connecting rod (18) and the connecting seat (17). Specifically, when the soil is relatively loose, increase the friction force between the connecting rod (18) and the connecting seat (17); when the soil is relatively compact, reduce the friction force between the connecting rod (18) and the connecting seat (17); S4: Rotate the driving screw rod (2) clockwise so that multiple shovel plates (5) are inserted into the ground simultaneously. During the insertion process, the side plate (19) moves upward relative to the shovel plate (5). At this time, the rotation of the rotating rod (14) is caused by the meshing effect between its driving rack (20) and the fixed gear (16). Furthermore, under the staggered meshing of the incomplete gear (15) and the two fixed racks (13), the cutter bar (6) reciprocates at the bottom of the shovel plate (5) to achieve the cutting of the soil and plant roots, enabling the shovel plate (5) to be inserted into the soil more smoothly; S5: When small stones block the downward movement of the shovel plate (5), the shovel plate (5) moves upward relative to the connecting block (21). At this time, the connecting rack on the connecting block (21) drives the small gear (26) to rotate. The one-way bearing is in a locked state at this time. Therefore, the round rod (25) drives the incomplete gear (15) to rotate simultaneously, causing the cutter bar (6) to continuously reciprocate while the shovel plate (5) remains stationary. Moreover, the movement of the connecting block (21) on the shovel plate (5) compresses the multiple springs (24). Therefore, the elastic force of the springs (24) also causes the shovel plate (5) to receive an increasingly larger downward acting force. Under the action of the pressure and the cutting effect of the cutter bar (6), the small stones can be cut off to ensure the continued downward movement of the shovel plate (5); S6: After the small stones are cut off, the shovel plate (5) quickly moves downward and resets under the elastic force of the spring (24). At this time, the one-way bearing is in a rotating state. Therefore, the movement of the connecting block (21) relative to the shovel plate (5) will not drive the incomplete gear (15) to rotate, thus avoiding the movement interference caused by the movement of the connecting block (21) and the movement of the side plate (19) relative to the shovel plate (5); S7: After the shovel plate (5) is inserted into the designated depth on the ground, rotate the driving screw rod (2) counterclockwise to move the multiple shovel plates (5) upward and reset. Then, retain the connection between one shovel plate (5) and the threaded sleeve (3), remove the other multiple shovel plates (5), and then move this shovel plate (5) into the cut and formed exploration trench at specified intervals in sequence. Repeat the clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the driving screw rod (2), and the soil in the exploration trench can be divided into multiple portions. Then, the staff can use a shovel tool to shovel out the soil in the exploration trench.

Images