Coring drill and continuous coring method for obtaining element distribution characteristics of primary halo

Abstract

The present invention provides a coring drill and continuous coring method for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, relating to the field of geological exploration. The coring drill primarily consists of a hollow drill rod, a drill bit, a corer, a fixing, and a rope lever. Before coring, the corer is suspended within the drill bit, and the fixing is anchored to the end face of the core using a self-detonating nailer. During coring, the corer automatically descends, and by cooperating with the inner conical surface of the drill bit, the ring cutter moves inward to cut the core. As the corer continues to descend, the pull wheel is blocked by a block and begins to intermittently rotate, causing the lever to laterally shift the rope, exerting an upward pull on the core, thereby breaking and removing the core. The present invention features an ingenious design, automatically achieving ring cutting, core breaking, and coring solely through the rotation of the drill bit. The present invention changes the existing coring method of drilling while disassembling the drill rod. A section of core can be removed each time a certain depth is reached. The drill rod does not need to be disassembled during the coring process, saving time and effort and increasing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a coring drill and a continuous coring method for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, and relates to the technical field of geological exploration. Background Art

[0002] A primary halo refers to the abnormal distribution of elements around an ore body, typically formed by the migration and precipitation of elements during the mineralization process. Currently, mineralization prediction relies on the elemental distribution characteristics of primary halo samples. By analyzing the elemental distribution patterns, compositional characteristics, and spatial zonation of the primary halo (primary geochemical anomaly) around the ore body, the location, scale, and type of the concealed ore body can be inferred.

[0003] For a long time, drilling sampling has been an important means of obtaining the elemental distribution characteristics of primary halo samples. With the development of drilling technology, drilling at great depths is no longer difficult; the difficulty lies in sampling. Traditional drilling sampling uses a coring method that involves disassembling and assembling the drill pipe while drilling. After drilling to a certain depth, the drill pipe needs to be disassembled to remove the core from the coring barrel, and then the drill pipe needs to be reinstalled to continue drilling. The biggest problem with this method of coring while drilling is that the borehole is usually several hundred meters to two thousand meters deep. As the drilling depth increases, a large number of drill pipes need to be frequently disassembled and assembled, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also inefficient. In addition, in order to facilitate a comprehensive analysis of the elemental distribution characteristics of primary halo samples, the sampled cores must be continuous and complete. However, existing coring barrels have the problem of core dropping. Once the core drops, it is impossible to completely remove the core section, resulting in a loss of sampling information. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the present invention discloses a coring drill and a continuous coring method for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, the purpose of which is to:

[0005] 1. Solve the problem of frequent disassembly and assembly of drill pipes in the existing technology, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and inefficient;

[0006] 2. Solve the core drop problem and ensure the continuity and integrity of the sampled cores.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A core drill for obtaining element distribution characteristics of a primary halo, comprising:

[0009] A plurality of hollow drill rods are provided with keyways extending along the length of the hollow drill rods;

[0010] The drill bit has the same inner hole and keyway structure as the drill rod, and an inner cone surface is provided at the bottom of the inner hole;

[0011] The core drill has a circular disc body with an axial key matched with a keyway on the circumference of the disc body, and is also provided with multiple cantilever arms extending downward. A ring cutter matched with the inner conical surface of the drill bit is provided at the lower end of the cantilever arm. An outer conical surface with a smaller upper surface and a larger lower surface is provided on the outer surface of the cantilever arm, and a retaining ring is installed on the outer conical surface.

[0012] The fixing member is composed of a screw and a cover coaxially fixed to the lower end of the screw, wherein the screw is screwed to the center of the disc; at least two self-destructing nail shooters are installed in the cover, and a stopper is provided on the top of the cover;

[0013] A winch and a lifting rope are connected to the corer and are used to lift the corer;

[0014] The rope-pulling lever is composed of a lever, a rotating shaft and a dial wheel. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the disc body. The lever is located at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the dial wheel is located at the lower end of the rotating shaft.

[0015] A better improved technical solution: flanges and key connection structures are provided at both ends of the hollow drill rods, and the hollow drill rods are detachably connected by bolts, flanges and key connection structures.

[0016] A better improved technical solution: The self-destructing nail shooter includes a shell, in which nails, a primer and gunpowder are arranged, wherein the nail has a firing pin structure for striking the primer.

[0017] A better improved technical solution: a clamping block for clamping the self-destructing nail shooter is provided in the cover body.

[0018] A better improved technical solution: an inner chamfer is provided at the lower part of the cover body.

[0019] A better improved technical solution: a card joint for connecting a lifting rope is provided at the upper end of the screw.

[0020] A continuous coring method comprises the following steps: before coring, a corer is hoisted into the drill bit along the inner hole of a hollow drill pipe by a winch and a lifting rope, so that a cover is sleeved on the outside of the rock core; when a self-destructing nail touches the end face of the rock core, the self-destructing nailer anchors a fixing member to the end face of the rock core by means of the exploding nail; during coring, the corer rotates with the drill bit and moves downward under the action of a screw, thereby causing a ring cutter to move inward and cut the rock core by cooperating with the inner conical surface of the drill bit; at the same time, a stop ring moves downward; as the corer continues to move downward, a thumb wheel is blocked by a block and begins to rotate intermittently, causing a thumb rod to move the lifting rope laterally to apply an upward pulling force to the rock core, thereby breaking the rock core and removing it.

[0021] After implementing the above technical solution, compared with the background technology, the beneficial effects produced by the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The present invention is cleverly designed and can automatically achieve ring cutting, core breaking and coring only by the rotation of the drill bit.

[0023] 2. The present invention changes the existing coring method of disassembling and assembling the drill rod while drilling. During the coring process, there is no need to frequently disassemble and assemble the drill rod, which saves time and labor and is highly efficient.

[0024] 3. The present invention can realize continuous coring, and a section of core can be taken out every time a certain depth is drilled.

[0025] 4. The present invention locks the sampled core in the corer, and the core will not fall out during the lifting process.

[0026] 5. The present invention can ensure the continuity and integrity of the sampled cores, and provide a reliable basis for the element distribution characteristics of primary halo samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Attachment Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a hollow drill rod.

[0028] Attachment Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a drill bit.

[0029] Attachment Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a corer.

[0030] Attachment Figure 4 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing member.

[0031] Attachment Figure 5 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a slotted card block.

[0032] Attachment Figure 6 What is shown is the structural schematic diagram of the self-destructing nail shooter.

[0033] Attachment Figure 7 What is shown is the structural schematic diagram of the rope-pulling lever.

[0034] Attachment Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rope-pulling rod and the fixing member on the core drill.

[0035] Attachment Figure 9 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the core drill inside the drill bit.

[0036] Attachment Figure 10 Shown is a schematic diagram of a self-destructing nail shooter that shoots nails explosively.

[0037] Attachment Figure 11 Shown is a schematic diagram of a corer cutting a core.

[0038] Attachment Figure 12 Shown is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a corer.

[0039] Attachment Figure 13 Shown is a schematic diagram of the rope-pulling rod rotating with the core drill.

[0040] Attachment Figure 14 Shown is a schematic diagram of the intermittent rotation of the rope-pulling rod.

[0041] Attachment Figure 15 Shown is a schematic diagram of a broken core of a rope-pulling rod.

[0042] Attachment Figure 16 Shown is the attached Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure.

[0043] Attachment Figure 17 Shown is a schematic diagram of lifting the core.

[0044] In the attached figure:

[0045] 1. Hollow drill pipe; 11. Axial keyway; 12. Flange; 13. Radial key;

[0046] 2. Drill bit; 21. Radial keyway; 22. Inner cone; 23. Drill blade;

[0047] 3. Coring tool; 31. Disc; 32. Axial key; 33. Cantilever; 34. Circular cutter; 35. External cone; 36. Stop ring;

[0048] 4. Fixing member; 41. Screw; 42. Joint; 43. Cover; 44. Slotted block; 45. Self-destructing nail shooter; 451. Housing; 452. Nail; 453. Primer; 454. Gunpowder; 46. Stopper;

[0049] 5. Rope lever; 51. Lever; 52. Rotating shaft; 53. Turning wheel;

[0050] 6. Hanging rope;

[0051] 7. Rock core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these preferred embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, terms such as "front", "rear", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", and "outside" that indicate directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation and positional relationship. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a communication between the two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] A core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements relates to the field of geological exploration. It primarily addresses the time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient problem of frequent drill pipe disassembly and assembly in existing technologies. The core drill primarily consists of a hollow drill pipe, a drill bit, a corer, a fixing, and a pull rod.

[0054] Refer to the attached Figure 1 , attached Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a hollow drill pipe. Unlike existing hollow drill pipes, the inner bore of the hollow drill pipe 1 is provided with a pair of axial keyways 11 extending along its length. Flanges 12 are provided at both ends of the hollow drill pipe 1. Flange 12 at one end is provided with a pair of radial keyways, and flange 12 at the other end is provided with a pair of radial keys 13. Bolts, flanges 12, and key connections create a removable connection between the hollow drill pipe 1, facilitating the drilling of exploratory holes.

[0055] Refer to the attached Figure 2 , attached Figure 2 The diagram shows the drill bit structure. The lower end of the drill bit 2 has multiple alloy cutting edges 23. The drill bit 2 has the same internal bore and keyway structure as the hollow drill rod 1, with an inner tapered surface 22 at the bottom of the bore. To connect to the hollow drill rod 1, a flange and radial keyway 21 are provided at the upper end of the drill bit 2.

[0056] Refer to the attached Figure 3 , attached Figure 3The figure shows a schematic diagram of the corer. The corer 3 comprises a circular disc 31, circumferentially provided with a pair of axial keys 32 that engage keyways. It also has six downwardly extending cantilever arms 33. At their lower ends are circular cutters 34 that engage the inner conical surface 22 of the drill bit 2. The space enclosed by these six cantilever arms 33 is used to accommodate the core. The outer surfaces of the six cantilever arms 33 are provided with an outer conical surface 35 that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. A retaining ring 36 is mounted on this outer conical surface 35. Pressing the six cantilever arms 33 inwards secures the retaining ring 36 against the outer conical surface 35.

[0057] Refer to the attached Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 , attached Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the fixing parts. Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the slotted clamp. The fixing member 4 consists of a screw 41 and a cover 43 coaxially fixed to the lower end of the screw 41, wherein a clamping joint 42 for connecting the sling 6 is provided at the upper end of the screw 41. A cylindrical stopper 46 is provided at the top of the cover 43, and an inner chamfer is provided at the lower part of the cover 43. Two self-destructing nailers 45 are installed in the cover 43, and the two self-destructing nailers 45 are eccentrically arranged with respect to the screw 41. The function of the self-destructing nailers 45 is to anchor the fixing member 4 to the end face of the core 7 by explosive nailing. The function of the cover 43 is to be sleeved on the outside of the core 7 to prevent the core 7 from being broken during nailing. In order to facilitate the fixing and replacement of the self-destructing nailers 45, a slotted clamp 44 is provided in the cover 43. The self-destructing nailers 45 can be fixed in the slotted clamp 44 by a bolt and nut connection pair.

[0058] Refer to the attached Figure 6 , attached Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-destructing nail gun. The self-destructing nail gun 45 comprises a detachable housing 451, within which are mounted a nail 452, a primer 453, and gunpowder 454. The nail has a firing pin that strikes the primer 453. The nail 452 partially extends outside the housing 451. When the nail 452 strikes an object and retracts, the firing pin triggers the primer 453, causing an explosion that propels the nail 452 into the rock core 7 at an extremely high velocity.

[0059] Refer to the attached Figure 7 , attached Figure 7 The structure of the rope-pulling lever 5 is shown in FIG. The rope-pulling lever 5 is composed of a lever 51, a rotating shaft 52, and a dial wheel 53, wherein the lever 51 is located at the upper end of the rotating shaft 52, and the dial wheel 53 is located at the lower end of the rotating shaft 52. The dial wheel 53 has six pull grooves.

[0060] Refer to the attached Figure 8 , attached Figure 8 The figure shows the installation structure of the rope-pulling rod and the fixing parts on the core drill. Figure 8It can be seen that the screw 41 of the fixing member 4 is screwed to the center of the disc 31, and the cover 43 is located inside the core remover 3. The rotating shaft 52 of the rope-pulling lever 5 is rotatably mounted on the disc 31, the lever 51 is located above the disc 31, and the dial wheel 53 is located between the disc 31 and the cover 43.

[0061] Refer to the attached Figure 9 , attached Figure 9 The diagram shows the structure of the corer inside the drill bit. Because the hollow drill rod 1 and drill bit 2 have inner bores and axial keyways, and the corer 3 has an axial key 32, the corer 3 can enter the drill bit 2 along the inner bore of the hollow drill rod 1 and rotate with the hollow drill rod 1 and drill bit 2.

[0062] In order to explain the use method and working principle of the core drill in detail, the present invention also provides a continuous sampling method.

[0063] Refer to the attached Figure 10 First, start the drilling rig and drill to a certain depth, then stop the rig. Use the winch and the hoisting rope 6 (wire rope) to hoist the core drill 3 along the inner hole of the hollow drill rod 1 into the drill bit 2, so that the cover 43 is placed on the upper part of the rock core 7 to clamp the rock core 7 and prevent the rock core 7 from breaking when the nail is driven. (Even if the rock core 7 breaks, the nail 452 may be pulled out, but because the cover 43 has a cohesive effect on the broken rock core 7, the fixing part 4 can still obtain a larger anti-torsion torque through the nail 452). When the self-destructing nail 452 touches the end face of the rock core 7, the self-destructing nail device 45 anchors the fixing part 4 to the end face of the rock core 7 through the explosive nail, so that the fixing part 4 will not rotate with the rotation of the core drill 3.

[0064] When the ground staff heard the explosion, they stopped the winch to release the rope and locked the rope with the brake. Figure 10 It can be seen that the ring cutter 34 is still some distance away from the inner conical surface 22 of the drill bit 2. To verify the fixation, the ground staff can pull up the sling 6 to feel the fixation effect. If it is not reliable, the core drill 3 can be pulled out and replaced with the self-destructing nailer 45, and then the nails can be re-fixed.

[0065] Refer to the attached Figure 11 . Start the drilling rig and rotate the drill bit 2 in place. Due to the key connection structure, the corer 3 rotates with the drill bit 2, while the screw 41 does not rotate with the rotation of the corer 3. Therefore, the corer 3 moves downward under the action of the screw 41, and then the ring cutter 34 moves inward to cut the core 7 through cooperation with the inner conical surface 22 of the drill bit. At the same time, as the cantilever 33 deforms inward, the backstop ring 36 moves downward under the action of its own gravity. The function of the backstop ring 36 is to make the cantilever 33 deform only inward, thereby forming a closing structure, which can prevent the core 7 from falling out of the corer 3 after the core is broken.

[0066] It should be noted that the diameter of the core 7 is relatively large, and it is impossible to cut the core 7 by relying on the ring cutting knife 34. It is necessary to rely on external force to pull the core 7 off from the ring cutting position.

[0067] Refer to the attached Figure 12 and attached Figure 13 . Figure 12 and attached Figure 13 It can be seen that when the thumbwheel 53 does not contact the stopper 46 on the cover 43 , the rope-pulling rod 5 rotates counterclockwise along with the core remover 3 , while the rope-pulling rod 5 itself does not rotate.

[0068] Refer to the attached Figure 14 As the corer 3 continues to move downward, the thumbwheel 53 begins to contact the stopper 46 and, blocked by the stopper 46, begins to rotate intermittently counterclockwise. Each time the corer 3 rotates one revolution, the thumbwheel 53 is blocked by the stopper 46 and rotates a certain angle (approximately 60°) of the shifting slot. During this process, the shifting rod 51 gradually approaches the suspension rope 6.

[0069] Refer to the attached Figure 15 and attached Figure 16 . As the core drill 3 continues to move downward, the lever 51 shifts the rope 6 laterally, pulling the rope 6 into a broken line shape. At this time, the rotational power of the drill bit 2 is partially converted into a shifting force applied to the rope 6. Since the upper end of the rope 6 is locked by the winch, the lever 51 shifts the rope 6 laterally to generate an upward pulling force on the fixing member 4 and the core drill 3. The pulling force on the fixing member 4 directly acts on the top of the core 7. The pulling force on the core drill 3 acts on the annular cut of the core 7 through the annular cutter 34, thereby breaking the core 7 from the annular cut. Since the lever 51 shifts the rope 6 laterally to cause the rope 6 to shake, the ground staff can know that the core 7 has been broken by observing the shaking of the rope 6. Experiments have shown that when the lever 51 is close to the rope 6, the thumbwheel 53 only needs to rotate 20-30° to break the core 7.

[0070] Refer to the attached Figure 17 The drilling rig is shut down and the winch is turned on to lift the corer 3 and the rock core 7 inside the corer out of the drill bit 2 and the hollow drill rod 1. Since the stop ring 36 has a closing effect on the cantilever 33, the rock core 7 will not fall out of the corer 3 during the lifting process.

[0071] After the corer 3 is lifted out, the drill is turned on and drilled to a certain depth. While drilling, the stop ring 36 is moved upward to completely remove the core 7 from the corer 3. Then, the bolts on the slotted block 44 are loosened and a new self-explosive nailer 45 is replaced. When the drill reaches a certain depth, the corer 3 is re-lifted into the drill bit 2 to remove the core.

[0072] Repeat the above operations to achieve continuous coring.

[0073] It should also be noted that the purpose of providing the rope-pulling lever 5 is twofold: first, to generate a shaking signal in the hoisting rope 6, alerting ground personnel that the core 7 has been broken, and immediately shutting down the machine to remove the core drill 3; second, to apply only an upward pulling force to the core drill 7 by pulling the hoisting rope 6, thereby breaking the core drill 7. Experiments have shown that if the rope-pulling lever 5 is not provided, when the core drill 3 descends to the end of the screw 41 and is screwed together with the fixing member 4, the drill bit 2 applies a rotational torque to the core drill 7 through the fixing member 4, which will also break the core drill 7. However, due to the violent impact, the core drill 7 may be broken into multiple sections, affecting the sampling effect; second, the fracture may occur at a location other than the ring-cutting location, making it impossible to remove the core drill 3. More seriously, the nailing area is prone to comminuted fracture, resulting in coring failure.

[0074] It is worth noting that the contents not described in detail in the above embodiments are prior art. It is also worth noting that for those skilled in the art, any additions, subtractions, replacements and improvements made under the structure and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, characterized in that: include: A plurality of hollow drill rods are provided with keyways extending along the length of the hollow drill rods; The drill bit has the same inner hole and keyway structure as the drill rod, and an inner cone surface is provided at the bottom of the inner hole; The core drill has a circular disc body with an axial key matched with a keyway on the circumference of the disc body, and is also provided with multiple cantilever arms extending downward. A ring cutter matched with the inner conical surface of the drill bit is provided at the lower end of the cantilever arm. An outer conical surface with a smaller upper surface and a larger lower surface is provided on the outer surface of the cantilever arm, and a retaining ring is installed on the outer conical surface. The fixing member is composed of a screw and a cover coaxially fixed to the lower end of the screw, wherein the screw is screwed to the center of the disc; at least two self-destructing nail shooters are installed in the cover, and a block is provided at the top of the cover; the self-destructing nail shooters include a housing, in which a nail, a primer and gunpowder are arranged, wherein the nail has a firing pin structure for striking the primer; A winch and a lifting rope are connected to the corer and are used to lift the corer; The rope-pulling lever is composed of a lever, a rotating shaft and a dial wheel. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the disc body. The lever is located at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the dial wheel is located at the lower end of the rotating shaft.

2. A core drill for obtaining the element distribution characteristics of a primary halo according to claim 1, characterized in that: Flanges and key connection structures are provided at both ends of the hollow drill rods, and the hollow drill rods are detachably connected by bolts, flanges and key connection structures.

3. The core drill for obtaining the element distribution characteristics of the primary halo according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping block for clamping the self-destructing nail shooter is arranged in the cover body.

4. A core drill for obtaining the element distribution characteristics of a primary halo according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner chamfer is provided at the lower portion of the cover body.

5. The core drill for obtaining the element distribution characteristics of the primary halo according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping joint for connecting a suspension rope is provided at the upper end of the screw rod.

6. A continuous coring method applied to the coring drill according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Before coring, the corer is hoisted into the drill bit along the inner hole of the hollow drill pipe by a winch and a lifting rope, so that the cover is sleeved on the outside of the core; when the self-destructing nail touches the end face of the core, the self-destructing nailer anchors the fixing part to the end face of the core through the explosive nail; when coring, the corer rotates with the drill bit, and moves downward under the action of the screw, and then the annular cutter moves inward to cut the core through cooperation with the inner conical surface of the drill bit; at the same time, the stop ring moves downward; as the corer continues to move downward, the thumbwheel is blocked by the block and begins to rotate intermittently, so that the thumbwheel moves the lifting rope horizontally to apply an upward pulling force to the core, thereby breaking the core and taking it out.

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