A vibration isolator, vibration isolation device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of vibration isolation, and particularly relates to a vibration isolator, a vibration isolation device and a method. The vibration isolator comprises an end plate assembly, a first elastic member and a second elastic member, the end plate assembly comprises an upper end plate, a middle end plate and a lower end plate, the first elastic member and the second elastic member are both thin plate structures, the top end of the first elastic member is fixedly installed on the upper end plate, the bottom end is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the middle end plate, the top end of the second elastic member is fixedly installed on the lower end face of the middle end plate, and the bottom end is fixedly installed on the lower end plate, the first elastic member is arranged along a first direction in a vertical horizontal plane, the second elastic member is arranged along a second direction in the vertical plane, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. The vibration isolator is simple and compact in structure, high in space utilization, and can realize vibration isolation in three directions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vibration isolation, and in particular to a vibration isolator, a vibration isolation device and a method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fields of aerospace equipment, mechanical equipment and construction, vibration affects the normal operation and service life of the equipment, which can cause problems such as reduction of equipment precision, influence on experimental results and operation of medical equipment. For example, engine vibration and external environmental vibration in aerospace equipment can affect the safe and stable operation of the equipment; mechanical equipment vibration can cause precision to decrease and parts to wear out; external vibration in the construction field can affect the normal use of precision laboratories and optical equipment.

[0003] In the field of vibration isolation, a parallel connection of positive and negative stiffness is usually used to make the vibration isolation device achieve quasi-zero stiffness, so as to realize vibration isolation. However, the parallel connection of positive and negative stiffness has a complex structure and is difficult to assemble. The parallel connection of positive and negative stiffness needs to integrate positive stiffness elements (such as linear springs) and negative stiffness elements (such as buckling beams, magnetic force mechanisms or pre-pressing rods), which results in a complex mechanical structure. The coordination design, processing error compensation and dynamic characteristic matching of multiple components all need to be precisely controlled, which increases the manufacturing and debugging costs. Therefore, the parallel connection of positive and negative stiffness has a structure that is not compact enough and occupies a large space, which becomes an important factor limiting its use in application environments with strict space requirements (such as the interior of aerospace equipment).

[0004] In addition, the negative stiffness element is sensitive to load, and the mechanical characteristics of the negative stiffness mechanism (such as a buckling beam or a magnetic repulsion structure) are easily affected by external load fluctuations. When the load exceeds the design range, the negative stiffness may fail (for example, the buckling beam deforms excessively or the magnetic force becomes unstable), which causes the dynamic stiffness of the system to increase sharply and loses the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic. Moreover, the load-carrying capacity of the parallel connection structure of positive and negative stiffness is limited. In the parallel connection structure, the negative stiffness element usually bears part of the static load, but its load-carrying capacity is much lower than that of the positive stiffness element. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application solves the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a vibration isolator, a vibration isolation device and a method. The vibration isolator has a simple and compact structure, a high space utilization rate and can realize vibration isolation in three directions.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A vibration isolator, comprising an end plate assembly, a first elastic member and a second elastic member, the end plate assembly comprising an upper end plate, a middle end plate and a lower end plate, the first elastic member and the second elastic member are both thin plate structures, the top end of the first elastic member is fixedly installed on the upper end plate, the bottom end is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the middle end plate, the top end of the second elastic member is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the middle end plate, and the bottom end is fixedly installed on the lower end plate, the first elastic member is arranged in a first direction in a vertical plane, and the second elastic member is arranged in a second direction in the vertical plane, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0008] Preferably, the first elastic member is two parallel first flexure plates arranged between the upper end plate and the middle end plate, and the second elastic member is two parallel second flexure plates arranged between the middle end plate and the lower end plate.

[0009] Preferably, the materials of the first flexure plates and the second flexure plates are both stainless steel or titanium alloy.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end plate, the middle end plate and the lower end plate are arranged in a horizontal direction and have the same size, and are arranged in a vertical direction.

[0011] Preferably, the lower surface of the upper end plate has two symmetrically arranged first installation grooves, the upper surface of the middle end plate has two symmetrically arranged second installation grooves, the length direction of the first installation grooves and the second installation grooves is the first direction, and the first installation grooves and the second installation grooves are aligned in position, the lower surface of the middle end plate has two symmetrically arranged third installation grooves, and the upper surface of the lower end plate has two symmetrically arranged fourth installation grooves, the length direction of the third installation grooves and the fourth installation grooves is the second direction, and the third installation grooves and the fourth installation grooves are aligned in position, the upper end of the first flexure plate is inserted into the first installation groove, the lower end of the first flexure plate is inserted into the second installation groove, the upper end of the second flexure plate is inserted into the third installation groove, and the lower end of the second flexure plate is inserted into the fourth installation groove.

[0012] Preferably, the side wall of the upper end plate is provided with a bolt hole communicating with the first installation groove, a bolt is inserted into the bolt hole to fasten the first flexure plate of the first installation groove; the side wall of the middle end plate is provided with bolt holes communicating with the second installation grooves and the third installation grooves, bolts are inserted into the bolt holes to fasten the first flexure plate of the second installation groove and the second flexure plate in the third installation groove; and the side wall of the lower end plate is provided with a bolt hole communicating with the fourth installation groove, a bolt is inserted into the bolt hole to fasten the second flexure plate of the fourth installation groove.

[0013] Preferably, the first mounting slot, the second mounting slot, the third mounting slot, and the fourth mounting slot have the same width; the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate have the same thickness; and the difference between the width of the first mounting slot and the thickness of the first flexure plate ranges from 0.01 mm to 0.02 mm.

[0014] The application also provides a vibration isolation device, which comprises a vibration isolation platform base, an upper cover plate, and a fine-tuning elastic element, and further comprises the vibration isolator described above, the lower end plate of the vibration isolator being placed on the vibration isolation platform base, and the upper cover plate being placed on the upper end plate of the vibration isolator, and an object to be isolated being placed on the upper end plate to drive the upper end plate to move downward and compress the vibration isolator, so that the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate enter the flexure state, and the fine-tuning elastic element is arranged between the vibration isolation platform base and the upper cover plate to generate vertical deformation, thereby lifting the upper cover plate to separate the upper cover plate from the vibration isolation platform base.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of vibration isolators are arranged between the vibration isolation platform base and the upper cover plate.

[0016] The application also provides a vibration isolation method, which uses the vibration isolation device described above, and the method is as follows.

[0017] A plurality of vibration isolators are arranged on the vibration isolation platform base, and the upper cover plate is placed on the vibration isolators, and the distance between the upper cover plate and the vibration isolation platform base ranges from 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0018] An object to be isolated, which is greater than the sum of the carrying capacities of all the vibration isolators, is placed on the upper end plate to drive the upper end plate to move downward and contact the vibration isolation platform base.

[0019] The fine-tuning elastic element is adjusted to lift the upper cover plate upward, and the distance between the upper cover plate and the vibration isolation platform base ranges from 0.5 mm to 2 mm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) In the application, the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate are arranged longitudinally, and combined with the compact mounting structure (such as micron-level gap fitting and bolt fixing) of the end plate, the overall volume of the vibration isolator is greatly reduced, the problem of large space occupation of the traditional vibration isolator and the difficulty in embedding the vibration isolator into narrow equipment (such as a satellite cabin and medical equipment) are solved, and the application is particularly suitable for the fields of aerospace and miniaturized equipment which are sensitive to space.

[0022] (2) In the application, when the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate enter the flexure state, the vibration isolator has vibration isolation effects in three directions, i.e., along the vertical direction, along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the first flexure plate, and along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the second flexure plate.

[0023] (3), in the present application, the first and second bending plates are made of high-toughness metal (such as stainless steel, titanium alloy) and other materials, which can effectively disperse stress concentration and inhibit fatigue damage by combining with the nonlinear energy dissipation characteristics during buckling deformation. In combination with the hierarchical load bearing design of the multi-layer structure, the service life is significantly prolonged while maintaining high vibration isolation efficiency, and the maintenance frequency and cost are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the vibration isolator in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower end plate in embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the vibration isolation device in embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 is an exploded view of the vibration isolation device in embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the vibration isolator in the vibration isolation device in embodiment 2 of the present application.

[0029] In the figure: 100-vibration isolator, 110-upper end plate, 120-intermediate end plate, 130-lower end plate, 200-first bending plate, 210-second bending plate, 211-fourth mounting slot, 212-bolt hole, 213-bolt, 300-vibration isolation platform base, 310-upper cover plate, 320-fine-tuning elastic element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of the application.

[0031] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must be provided with a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application.

[0032] In the description of the application, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connect," "dispose," "install," "fix," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; they may refer to direct connection, indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a vibration isolator 100, which includes an end plate assembly, a first elastic member, and a second elastic member. The end plate assembly includes an upper end plate 110, an intermediate end plate 120, and a lower end plate 130. The first elastic member and the second elastic member are both thin plate structures. The top end of the first elastic member is fixedly mounted on the upper end plate 110, and the bottom end is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the intermediate end plate 120. The top end of the second elastic member is fixedly mounted on the lower end surface of the intermediate end plate 120, and the bottom end is fixedly mounted on the lower end plate 130. The first elastic member is arranged along a first direction in a vertical horizontal plane, and the second elastic member is arranged along a second direction in a vertical plane, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, specifically, the first elastic members are two parallel first flexure plates 200 disposed between the upper end plate 110 and the middle end plate 120, and the second elastic members are two parallel second flexure plates 210 disposed between the middle end plate 120 and the lower end plate 130. The upper end plate 110, the middle end plate 120, and the lower end plate 130 are all arranged horizontally and have identical dimensions, are rectangular in structure, and are spaced apart vertically. The two first flexure plates 200 are symmetrically arranged along a first axis of symmetry between the upper end plate 110 and the middle end plate 120, with the first axis of symmetry extending in the first direction. The two second flexure plates 210 are symmetrically arranged along a second axis of symmetry between the middle end plate 120 and the lower end plate 130, with the second axis of symmetry extending in the second direction.

[0037] Further, the materials of the first and second flexure plates 200 and 210 are thin metal plates with high toughness. In the present embodiment, the first and second flexure plates 200 and 210 are made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or composite material. During vibration, especially when the first and second flexure plates 200 and 210 undergo flexural deformation, complex stress distribution occurs inside the material. High-toughness metals can better disperse these stresses, reducing the phenomenon of local stress concentration and thus reducing the risk of fatigue damage caused by stress concentration. Since the vibration isolator needs to withstand repeated loads for a long time, its material must have good fatigue resistance. High-toughness metals have good ductility and fracture toughness, can absorb a large amount of energy without brittle fracture, and effectively extend the service life of the vibration isolator. Flexural deformation is a nonlinear deformation process that can consume a large amount of vibration energy. High-toughness metals or composite materials can effectively dissipate vibration energy through this nonlinear deformation while ensuring structural strength, improving vibration isolation effect. The application environment in the fields of aerospace, precision instruments, etc. is usually very harsh, and the vibration isolator is required to maintain stable performance under a wide temperature range, high humidity, or other extreme conditions. High-toughness metals and certain composite materials have excellent environmental adaptability and can meet these strict requirements. In summary, the selection of high-toughness metal as the flexure plate material is mainly to ensure that the vibration isolator can provide efficient vibration isolation while having a long service life and high reliability, especially suitable for application scenarios with extremely high material performance requirements.

[0038] Quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) refers to a special mechanical design that can make the static stiffness of the system close to zero. In the field of vibration isolation, this means that the system can support the load without consuming a lot of energy and provide effective isolation for low-frequency vibrations. Traditional vibration isolators usually have difficulty achieving efficient vibration isolation in the low-frequency range because their stiffness is relatively high. Traditional quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators can achieve effective low-frequency vibration isolation near a specific position while maintaining the stability and carrying capacity of the structure by cleverly combining positive and negative stiffness mechanisms.

[0039] In the prior art, some vibration isolators cannot actively preset the quasi-zero state of the system, such as some conventional quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolators, which cannot flexibly adjust the system state according to different vibration isolation requirements, resulting in a single use of the isolated object and difficulty in being widely applied to various complex practical scenarios. In addition, in the selection of materials and the design of structures of the vibration isolator, the prior art has been involved, but there are still deficiencies in meeting the performance requirements under different working conditions. For example, the comprehensive consideration of the elastic modulus, yield strength and toughness of the material is not comprehensive enough, resulting in the vibration isolator being unable to efficiently absorb and dissipate vibration energy when facing complex and variable vibration environments, and being difficult to achieve stable and reliable vibration isolation effect.

[0040] The vibration isolator 100 in the embodiment is a quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator realized by the buckling characteristics of the thin plate. The plate surfaces of the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 are arranged along the vertical direction. When a vertical force is applied to the vibration isolator 100, and when the force reaches the load that can make the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 buckle, the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 will be bent and deformed, and compression and rebound will occur in the process, that is, the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 are in a quasi-zero stiffness state in the vertical direction, and at this time, the stiffness of the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 in the vertical direction is close to zero. At this time, the vibration isolator 100 can effectively isolate the vibration in the vertical direction.

[0041] The vibration isolator 100 in the embodiment can bear a large load in the vertical direction because the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 are in a quasi-zero stiffness state in the vertical direction. Therefore, only the vibration isolation platform needs to be placed on the vibration isolator 100, and the isolated object needs to be placed on the vibration isolation platform, so that the isolated object can be isolated.

[0042] The thickness of the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 is generally not more than 0.1 mm. Therefore, the bending stiffness is low, and the fundamental frequency of the vibration isolator 100 in the uncompressed state is also not high. After the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 are compressed to enter the buckling state, the stiffness of the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 in the horizontal direction near the equilibrium position is also zero. Since the plate surfaces of the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 are perpendicular to each other, the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 can realize vibration isolation in two different directions in the horizontal direction after entering the buckling state.

[0043] As Figure 1As shown, specifically, the first flexure plate 200 has a rigidity of zero in the horizontal plane along the direction perpendicular to the plate surface (second direction), so as to realize vibration isolation in the second direction. The second flexure plate 210 has a rigidity of zero in the horizontal plane along the direction perpendicular to the plate surface (first direction), so as to realize vibration isolation in the first direction.

[0044] Therefore, the vibration isolator 100 in the embodiment has a vertical bearing capacity, and can realize vertical vibration isolation and vibration isolation in the first direction and the second direction in the horizontal plane, so as to isolate vibrations in three directions, greatly improving the vibration isolation effect of the vibration isolator 100.

[0045] In the embodiment, the lower surface of the upper end plate 110 is provided with two symmetrically arranged first mounting slots, and the two first mounting slots are symmetrically distributed along the first symmetry axis of the upper end plate 110. The upper surface of the intermediate end plate 120 is provided with two symmetrically arranged second mounting slots, and the two second mounting slots are symmetrically distributed along the first symmetry axis of the intermediate end plate 120. The length direction of the first mounting slot and the second mounting slot is the first direction, and the first mounting slot and the second mounting slot are aligned in position. The lower surface of the intermediate end plate 120 is provided with two symmetrically arranged third mounting slots, and the two third mounting slots are symmetrically distributed along the second symmetry axis of the intermediate end plate 120. The upper surface of the lower end plate 130 is provided with two symmetrically arranged fourth mounting slots 211, and the two fourth mounting slots are symmetrically distributed along the second symmetry axis of the lower end plate 130. The length direction of the third mounting slot and the fourth mounting slot 211 is the second direction, and the third mounting slot and the fourth mounting slot 211 are aligned in position.

[0046] In the installation, the upper end of the two first flexure plates 200 is inserted into the two first mounting slots respectively, the lower end of the two first flexure plates 200 is inserted into the two second mounting slots respectively, the upper end of the two second flexure plates 210 is inserted into the third mounting slot, and the lower end of the second flexure plate 210 is inserted into the fourth mounting slot 211.

[0047] In the embodiment, the side wall on both sides of the upper end plate 110 is provided with two bolt holes 212 communicating with the first mounting slots on both sides, and the bolt 213 is inserted into the bolt hole 212, so as to fasten the upper end of the first flexure plate 200 installed in the first mounting slot. The side wall on both sides of the intermediate end plate 120 is provided with two bolt holes 212 respectively communicating with the second mounting slots, and the bolt 213 is inserted into the bolt hole 212, so as to fasten the lower end of the first flexure plate 200 of the second mounting slot; the side wall on the other two sides of the intermediate end plate 120 is provided with two bolt holes 212 respectively communicating with the third mounting slots, and the bolt 213 is inserted into the bolt hole 212, so as to fasten the upper end of the second flexure plate 210 of the third mounting slot.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 1, the vibration isolator 100 is provided with an upper end plate 110, an intermediate end plate 120, a lower end plate 130, two first flexure plates 200 and two second flexure plates 210. Figure 2As shown, the side walls on both sides of the lower end plate 130 are each provided with two bolt holes 212 communicating with the fourth mounting slot 211, and a bolt 213 is inserted into the bolt hole 212, thereby fastening the lower end of the second bending plate 210 of the fourth mounting slot 211.

[0049] In the present embodiment, the first mounting slot, the second mounting slot, the third mounting slot, and the fourth mounting slot 211 have the same width; the first bending plate 200 and the second bending plate 210 have the same thickness; the difference between the width of the first mounting slot (the second mounting slot, the third mounting slot, and the fourth mounting slot 211) and the thickness of the first bending plate 200 (the second bending plate 210) is in the range of 0.01-0.02 mm, and such a micron-level gap fit can tightly connect the first bending plate 200, the second bending plate 210, and each end plate, and improve the structural compactness.

[0050] In operation, the vibration isolator 100 needs a pre-compression force to make the first bending plate 200 and the second bending plate 210 reach the buckling state. Specifically, the pre-compression force can be slightly greater than the load capacity of the object to be isolated by the vibration isolator 100, or can be a pre-tightening bolt arranged along the vertical direction between the upper end plate 110 and the middle end plate 120 and between the middle end plate 120 and the lower end plate 130.

[0051] In the working range, the longitudinal stiffness of the vibration isolator 100 is close to 0, which is a quasi-zero stiffness state. In the quasi-zero stiffness state, the fundamental frequency of the vibration isolator 100 is as low as 0.1-5 Hz, and the lower the stiffness of the bending plate, the lower the fundamental frequency of the vibration isolator 100. External vibration excitation higher than the fundamental frequency of the vibration isolator 100 by a factor of 2 can be isolated.

[0052] The vibration isolator 100 in the present embodiment uses a longitudinal arrangement of the first bending plate 200 and the second bending plate 210, combined with the compact mounting structure of the end plate (such as micron-level gap fit and bolt fixation), which greatly reduces the overall volume of the vibration isolator 100, solves the problem of large space occupation of traditional vibration isolators 100, and makes it difficult to embed into narrow equipment (such as satellite cabins and medical instruments), and is especially suitable for aerospace and miniaturized equipment fields sensitive to space. When the first bending plate 200 and the second bending plate 210 enter the buckling state, the vibration isolator 100 has vibration isolation effects in three directions: along the vertical direction, along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the first bending plate 200, and along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the second bending plate 210. In addition, the first bending plate 200 and the second bending plate 210 are made of high-toughness metals (such as stainless steel and titanium alloy), which, combined with the nonlinear energy dissipation characteristics during buckling deformation, can effectively disperse stress concentration and inhibit fatigue damage. In combination with the hierarchical load design of the multi-layer structure, the service life is significantly prolonged while maintaining high vibration isolation efficiency, and the maintenance frequency and cost are reduced. ​

[0053] In addition, the vibration isolator 100 in this embodiment is precisely adjustable with quasi-zero stiffness, and has stronger adaptability. Through structural parameter optimization (such as thickness, material, and elastic modulus) and multi-layer combination design of the buckling plate, the quasi-zero stiffness state of the system can be actively preset, and efficient isolation of low-frequency vibration can be realized. This design supports flexible adjustment of the stiffness characteristics according to actual working conditions, expands the application range of the vibration isolator 100, and can adapt to complex vibration isolation requirements in different scenes such as aerospace and precision instruments.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] The embodiment discloses a vibration isolation device, which comprises a vibration isolation platform base 300, an upper cover plate 310, and a fine-tuning elastic element 320, and further comprises the vibration isolator 100 in Embodiment 1. The lower end plate 130 of the vibration isolator 100 is placed on the vibration isolation platform base 300, and the upper cover plate 310 is placed on the upper end plate 110 of the vibration isolator 100. An object to be isolated is placed on the upper end plate 110, so as to provide a vertical pressure to drive the upper end plate 110 to move downward and compress the vibration isolator 100, so that the first buckling plate 200 and the second buckling plate 210 enter the buckling state. The fine-tuning elastic element 320 is arranged between the vibration isolation platform base 300 and the upper cover plate 310, and is used to generate vertical deformation, so as to lift the upper cover plate 310, so that the upper cover plate 310 is separated from the vibration isolation platform base 300. The fine-tuning elastic element 320 can be an air spring, an electromagnetic spring, a mechanical spring, or other elastic elements.

[0056] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , the vibration isolator 100 is provided with a plurality of vibration isolators 100, and the plurality of vibration isolators 100 are uniformly distributed between the vibration isolation platform base 300 and the upper cover plate 310. Correspondingly, the fine-tuning elastic element 320 is provided with a plurality of fine-tuning elastic elements 320, and the plurality of fine-tuning elastic elements 320 are uniformly distributed between the vibration isolation platform base 300 and the upper cover plate 310.

[0057] It is worth noting that the plurality of vibration isolators 100 are the same, and the plurality of vibration isolators 100 can be uniformly arranged on the vibration isolation platform base 300 to evenly share the weight of the upper cover plate 310 and reduce the deformation of the upper cover plate 310 caused by uneven stress. Specifically, the plurality of vibration isolators 100 can adopt a form of multiple rows of equidistant distribution.

[0058] As shown in Figure 5As shown, in the embodiment, the vibration isolation platform base 300 is a rectangular structure with a length of a and a width of b, and a total of 18 vibration isolators 100 are arranged on the vibration isolation platform base 300. The first row is provided with 4 vibration isolators 100, and the spacing between adjacent two vibration isolators 100 is a / 4. The second row is provided with 3 vibration isolators 100, and the spacing between adjacent two vibration isolators 100 is a / 4. The third row is provided with 4 vibration isolators 100, and the spacing between adjacent two vibration isolators 100 is a / 4. The fourth row is provided with 3 vibration isolators 100, and the spacing between adjacent two vibration isolators 100 is a / 4. The fifth row is provided with 4 vibration isolators 100, and the spacing between adjacent two vibration isolators 100 is a / 4. The spacing between adjacent two rows of vibration isolators 100 is b / 5, and the vibration isolators 100 between adjacent two rows are arranged staggered in the transverse direction. The distance between the first row and one side of the vibration isolation platform base 300 is b / 10, and the distance between the fifth row and the other side of the vibration isolation platform base 300 is b / 10.

[0059] Further, the vibration isolators 100 in the first row, the third row and the fifth row correspond to each other in position, and the vibration isolators 100 in the second row and the fourth row correspond to each other in position. The leftmost vibration isolator 100 in the first row, the third row and the fifth row is a / 8 away from the side of the vibration isolation platform base 300. The rightmost vibration isolator 100 in the first row, the third row and the fifth row is a / 8 away from the other side of the vibration isolation platform base 300.

[0060] Of course, this is only one arrangement of the vibration isolators 100, and other uniform distribution methods can also meet the requirements. In the embodiment, a total of four fine-tuning elastic elements 320 are arranged between the vibration isolation platform base 300 and the upper cover plate 310.

[0061] In the embodiment, each vibration isolator 100 has the same load capacity, and the weight of the object to be isolated should be slightly greater than the sum of the load capacities of all the vibration isolators 100, so that when the object to be isolated is placed on the upper cover plate 310, a vertical compression force can be provided to drive the upper cover plate 310 to move downward, thereby compressing the vibration isolators 100, and further making the first flexure plates 200 and the second flexure plates 210 of all the vibration isolators 100 in the flexure state, so as to achieve quasi-zero stiffness. The fine-tuning elastic elements 320 can be adjusted to slightly lift the upper cover plate 310, so that the upper cover plate 310 is in contact with the vibration isolators 100, and the first flexure plates 200 and the second flexure plates 210 of the vibration isolators 100 are kept in the flexure state, while avoiding the upper cover plate 310 from contacting the vibration isolation platform base 300.

[0062] The vibration isolation device in the embodiment uniformly arranges multiple vibration isolators 100 on the vibration isolation platform base 300 to evenly share the weight of the upper cover plate 310, and can have vibration isolation effects in three directions, i.e., along the vertical direction, along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the first flexure plate 200 (second direction), and along the direction perpendicular to the surface of the second flexure plate 210 (first direction), so as to ensure that vibrations from the vibration isolation platform base 300 cannot be transmitted to the upper cover plate 310 and the object to be isolated, and to achieve a good vibration isolation effect of the object to be isolated. The vibration isolation device in the embodiment is suitable for vibration isolation of precise optical instruments, precise manufacturing equipment, and the like.

[0063] The vibration isolator 100 of the vibration isolation device in the embodiment uses a longitudinal arrangement of the first flexure plate 200 and the second flexure plate 210, in combination with a compact mounting structure of the end plate (such as micron-level gap fitting and bolt fixing), to greatly reduce the overall volume of the vibration isolator 100, solve the problem of large space occupation of a conventional vibration isolator 100 and difficulty in embedding into a narrow device (such as a satellite cabin, a medical instrument), and is particularly suitable for the fields of aerospace and miniaturized devices sensitive to space.

[0064] In addition, the first flexure plate 200 and the second flexure plate 210 are made of high-toughness metal (such as stainless steel, titanium alloy) and the like, in combination with the nonlinear energy dissipation characteristics during flexural deformation, can effectively disperse stress concentration and inhibit fatigue damage. In combination with the hierarchical load bearing design of the multi-layer structure, the service life is significantly prolonged while maintaining high vibration isolation efficiency, and the maintenance frequency and cost are reduced.

[0065] The vibration isolation device in the embodiment can optimize the design parameters (such as thickness, material selection) of the flexure plate, so that the system exhibits quasi-zero stiffness characteristics in the working state, thereby effectively isolating low-frequency vibrations and having dynamic adjustment capability. By optimizing the structural parameters of the flexure plate and using a multi-layer combination design, the stiffness characteristics of the vibration isolator can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual application scenario to meet different vibration isolation requirements.

[0066] Embodiment 3

[0067] The embodiment discloses a vibration isolation method using the vibration isolation device in Embodiment 2, and the method is as follows:

[0068] Multiple vibration isolators 100 are uniformly arranged on the vibration isolation platform base 300, and the upper cover plate 310 is placed on the vibration isolators 100, so that the distance between the upper cover plate 310 and the vibration isolation platform base 300 is in the range of 1-5 mm;

[0069] An object to be isolated whose weight is greater than the sum of the carrying capacities of all the vibration isolators 100 is placed on the upper end plate 110 to drive the upper end plate 110 to move downward and contact the vibration isolation platform base 300;

[0070] The fine-tuning elastic element 320 adjusts the upper cover plate 310 to be lifted upward, and the distance between the upper cover plate 310 and the vibration isolation platform base 300 is 0.5-2 mm.

[0071] Specifically, first, the weight of the object to be isolated is determined, the materials and sizes of the first and second buckling plates 200 and 210 are determined, and the fundamental frequency of the vibration isolator 100 is analyzed by using the finite element method according to the above characteristics, so as to obtain the thicknesses of the first and second buckling plates 200 and 210;

[0072] The parameters (rated load, vibration fundamental frequency, and number) of the buckling plates are selected, so that the sum of the rated loads of all the vibration isolators 100 is slightly less than the weight of the object to be isolated;

[0073] The vibration isolators 100 are distributed on the vibration isolation platform base 300 in multiple rows at equal intervals, so as to evenly share the weight of the upper cover plate 310;

[0074] The fine-tuning elastic element 320 is selected, so that the total maximum rated load of the multiple fine-tuning elastic elements 320 is greater than the difference between the weight of the object to be isolated and the sum of the rated loads of the multiple vibration isolators 100, and the fine-tuning elastic elements 320 are evenly distributed on the vibration isolation platform base 300;

[0075] The upper cover plate 310 is arranged on the multiple vibration isolators 100, and the gap between the upper cover plate 310 and the vibration isolation platform base 300 is 1-5 mm (the gap can be customized according to the vibration amplitude of the vibration source);

[0076] The object to be isolated is placed on the upper cover plate 310, and the center of gravity of the object to be isolated is located at the center of the upper cover plate 310;

[0077] In a non-working state (the fine-tuning elastic element 320 has no supporting force), the weight of the object to be isolated is greater than the total rated load of the multiple vibration isolators 100, so that the upper cover plate 310 is sunken and in contact with the vibration isolation platform base 300 (the gap is 0), and at this time, the vibration isolator 100 is in a buckling state under the action of an external load, and the dynamic stiffness thereof is close to 0;

[0078] In a working state, the fine-tuning elastic element 320 is started, and the size of the output force thereof is adjusted, so that the upper cover plate 310 is suspended and maintains a gap of 0.5-2 mm with the vibration isolation platform base 300, at this time, the vibration isolation device can completely bear the weight of the object to be isolated and maintain quasi-zero stiffness, so as to realize efficient low-frequency vibration isolation and isolate environmental vibrations in the vertical direction, the first direction, and the second direction;

[0079] The vibration isolation device can also be used to isolate the vibration transmission of the object to be isolated on the upper cover plate 310 to the vibration isolation platform base 300.

[0080] It is worth noting that the vibration isolation platform is suitable for the case that the mass of the object to be isolated does not change greatly during use.

[0081] The vibration isolation method in the embodiment can realize large-load isolation in the vertical direction and isolation in the first direction and the second direction in the horizontal plane, thereby realizing three-way isolation, and further realizing good load effect of the object to be isolated through a simple structure. It can be widely applied in the fields of aerospace and precision instrument manufacturing, which have extremely high requirements for low-frequency vibration isolation. In addition, the compact design of the vibration isolator also makes it an ideal choice in space-limited environments.

[0082] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted for illustrating the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An isolator characterized by, The end plate assembly comprises an upper end plate, a middle end plate and a lower end plate, and the first elastic member and the second elastic member are both thin plate structures, The top end of the first elastic member is fixedly installed on the upper end plate, and the bottom end is fixedly installed on the upper end surface of the middle end plate, the top end of the second elastic member is fixedly installed on the lower end surface of the middle end plate, and the bottom end is fixedly installed on the lower end plate, The first elastic member is arranged in a first direction in a vertical plane, and the second elastic member is arranged in a second direction in the vertical plane, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; The first elastic member is two parallel first flexure plates arranged between the upper end plate and the middle end plate, and the second elastic member is two parallel second flexure plates arranged between the middle end plate and the lower end plate; The upper end plate, the middle end plate and the lower end plate are arranged along the horizontal direction and have the same size, and are arranged in the vertical direction; The lower surface of the upper end plate has two symmetrically arranged first installation grooves, the upper surface of the middle end plate has two symmetrically arranged second installation grooves, the length direction of the first installation groove and the second installation groove is the first direction, and the first installation groove and the second installation groove are aligned in position, The lower surface of the middle end plate has two symmetrically arranged third installation grooves, and the upper surface of the lower end plate has two symmetrically arranged fourth installation grooves, the length direction of the third installation groove and the fourth installation groove is the second direction, and the third installation groove and the fourth installation groove are aligned in position, The upper end of the first flexure plate is inserted into the first installation groove, the lower end of the first flexure plate is inserted into the second installation groove, the upper end of the second flexure plate is inserted into the third installation groove, and the lower end of the second flexure plate is inserted into the fourth installation groove; In operation, the vibration isolator needs a pre-compression force to make the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate reach the flexure state; when the vibration isolator is subjected to the action of a compression load, and the action reaches the load that can make the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate flex, the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate are deformed outwardly, and the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate are in a quasi-zero stiffness state in the vertical direction; after the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate are subjected to the compression load and enter the flexure state, the stiffness of the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate in the horizontal direction near the balance position is zero. The materials of the first flexure plate and the second flexure plate are both stainless steel or titanium alloy.

2. The vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein The side wall of the upper end plate is provided with a bolt hole communicating with the first installation groove, a bolt is inserted into the bolt hole, thereby fastening the first flexure plate of the first installation groove; 3. The vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein The side wall of the middle end plate is provided with bolt holes communicating with the second installation groove and the third installation groove, a bolt is inserted into the bolt hole, thereby fastening the first flexure plate of the second installation groove and the second flexure plate in the third installation groove; The side wall of the lower end plate is provided with a bolt hole communicating with the fourth installation groove, a bolt is inserted into the bolt hole, thereby fastening the second flexure plate of the fourth installation groove. ​ 4. The vibration isolator of claim 3, wherein The first mounting slot, the second mounting slot, the third mounting slot and the fourth mounting slot have the same width. The first bending plate and the second bending plate have the same thickness. The difference between the width of the first mounting slot and the thickness of the first bending plate ranges from 0.01mm to 0.02mm.

5. A vibration isolation device comprising a vibration isolation platform base, an upper cover plate, a fine tuning elastic element, characterized in that, The vibration isolator of any one of claims 2-4 is further provided with a lower end plate placed on the vibration isolation platform base, an upper cover plate placed on the upper end plate of the vibration isolator, and an object to be isolated placed on the upper end plate, which drives the upper end plate to move downward to compress the vibration isolator, so that the first bending plate and the second bending plate enter the bending state, The fine-tuning elastic element is arranged between the vibration isolation platform base and the upper cover plate, and is used to generate vertical deformation to lift the upper cover plate, so that the upper cover plate is separated from the vibration isolation platform base.

6. The vibration isolation device of claim 5, wherein A plurality of vibration isolators are arranged between the vibration isolation platform base and the upper cover plate.

7. A vibration isolation method, characterized by, The vibration isolation device of claim 6 is used in the following method: A plurality of vibration isolators are arranged on the vibration isolation platform base, and the upper cover plate is placed on the vibration isolators, and the distance between the upper cover plate and the vibration isolation platform base ranges from 1mm to 5mm; An object to be isolated, which is greater than the sum of the carrying capacities of all the vibration isolators, is placed on the upper end plate to drive the upper end plate to move downward and contact the vibration isolation platform base; The fine-tuning elastic element is adjusted to lift the upper cover plate upward, and the distance between the upper cover plate and the vibration isolation platform base ranges from 0.5mm to 2mm.

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