Engineering displacement monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention provides an engineering displacement monitoring system and method, the system comprises a base located in a monitoring area and a laser transmitter located outside the monitoring area, the top of the base is provided with a connecting seat, and the top of the connecting seat is provided with a target plate; the target plate is used for receiving light spots emitted by the laser emitter; a double-shaft clinometer is arranged in the base; a storage battery and a controller are arranged in the base, and the storage battery is externally connected with a solar cell panel; an air pressure temperature and humidity sensor is arranged outside the base; the controller is in signal connection with the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor, the double-shaft clinometer, the target plate and the laser transmitter; and the storage battery is electrically connected with the controller, the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor, the double-shaft clinometer, the target plate and the laser transmitter. In the monitoring process, monitoring personnel do not need to follow the equipment fixing station, so that the convenience during monitoring is improved, and the safety of the monitoring personnel is ensured; and the influence of wind on the equipment can be reduced, the probability that the equipment is blown to be inclined by the wind is reduced, and the monitoring accuracy is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of displacement monitoring, and specifically to an engineering displacement monitoring system and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] The fill embankment project refers to an engineering project in road construction, where the earth and rock materials from the excavation section or the fill materials allocated from other places are filled on the embankment base according to certain construction techniques and standards to form an embankment structure higher than the original ground.

[0003] During the construction process of the fill embankment project, it is necessary to monitor the stability deformation displacement of the embankment. According to the specification requirements and the existing technology, a high-precision total station is generally used for observation.

[0004] The stability deformation displacement monitoring is also applicable to the monitoring of the foundation pit slope of building construction, the monitoring of the high and steep slope of open-pit mining, and the monitoring of geological disaster treatment areas.

[0005] During the process of stability deformation displacement monitoring using the existing technology, the requirements for the instrument are high. The erection error and meteorological error of the instrument each time increase the probability of distortion of the monitoring data; and the observation period is long. It is difficult to achieve having fixed observation personnel and trying to ensure the same observation meteorology as much as possible, and it is also difficult to ensure the timeliness of the data. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an engineering displacement monitoring system and a monitoring method to solve the problems of large monitoring errors and difficult operation in the existing technology.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: An engineering displacement monitoring system includes a base located in the monitoring area and a laser emitter located outside the monitoring area. A connecting seat is provided on the top of the base, and a target plate is provided on the top of the connecting seat; The target plate is used to receive the light spot emitted by the laser emitter; A biaxial inclinometer is provided inside the base for reading the inclination angle of the target at any time.

[0008] In a preferred solution, a storage battery and a controller are provided inside the base, and the storage battery is externally connected to a solar panel; An air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor is provided outside the base; The controller is signal-connected to the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor, the biaxial inclinometer, the target plate and the laser emitter; The storage battery is electrically connected to the controller, the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor, the biaxial inclinometer, the target plate and the laser emitter.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the target plate includes a bottom plate connected to the connection base. A vertical plate is fixedly connected to the side of the bottom plate, and a wiring row is provided on the side of the vertical plate. After the combination of the bottom plate and the vertical plate, it is in a T shape. A plurality of fixing sleeves are provided on the top of the bottom plate. The fixing sleeves are fixedly connected to each other through connecting rods. The lowermost fixing sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom plate through a connecting rod. There are gaps between adjacent fixing sleeves and between adjacent connecting rods. An installation hole is provided in the fixing sleeve, and an installation seat is provided in the installation hole. A plurality of photodiodes are provided on one end face of the installation seat, and the other end face of the installation seat is connected to the wiring row through a connecting wire. The photodiodes are arranged in a matrix.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of insertion holes are provided on the top of the connection base. Insertion posts are provided at the bottom of the vertical plate and the bottom of the bottom plate, and the insertion posts are adapted to the insertion holes.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, an outlet hole is provided in the connection base, a support sleeve is provided in the base, a wire passing hole is provided in the support sleeve, and the connection lines of the wiring row with the battery and the controller pass through the wire passing hole and the outlet hole.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a protective shell is provided at the bottom end of the vertical plate. The protective shell covers the top end of the outlet hole, and a sealing door is provided on the side of the protective shell. The connection lines of the wiring row with the battery and the controller are provided with connection heads, and the connection heads are located inside the protective shell. The connection heads are pluggable connection heads.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the target plate is provided with a dust removal mechanism. The dust removal mechanism includes an air passing hole provided inside the base. An air inlet pipe is provided on the top of the base, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with one side of the air passing hole. A fan is provided in the air inlet pipe, and a filter screen is provided on the top of the air inlet pipe. A plurality of connecting cylinders are provided on the top of the base, and the connecting cylinders are communicated with the other side of the air passing hole. An insertion connecting pipe is provided in the connecting cylinder. A transverse pipe is provided on the top of the insertion connecting pipe, and the length of the transverse pipe is adapted to the length of the target plate. An air outlet plate is provided at the bottom end of the target plate. The length of the air outlet plate is not less than the length of the target plate. The bottom of the air outlet plate is connected to the transverse pipe through a plurality of connecting pipes, and an air outlet groove is provided on the top of the air outlet plate. The air outlet groove is communicated with the connecting pipes.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the base is provided with a plurality of support frames for auxiliary support. A plurality of connecting grooves are provided on the outer periphery of the base. The support frame includes a support plate rotatably arranged in the connecting groove. One end of the support plate close to the bottom end of the base is hinged to the base. The support plate is provided with a placement groove, and a plurality of limit blocks are provided in the placement groove. A movable rod is rotatably arranged in the connecting groove. One end of the movable rod is rotatably connected to the base through a rotating shaft. The size of the movable rod is smaller than that of the placing groove. The support plate is provided with a groove. The size of the groove is larger than that of the rotating shaft. When the support plate is located in the connecting groove, the movable rod is located in the groove.

[0015] An engineering displacement monitoring system includes a target module, a laser module, a control module and a dust removal module. The target module includes an inclination detection module, a plurality of receiving modules and a temperature and humidity monitoring module. The receiving module includes a photodiode for receiving optical signals. The temperature and humidity monitoring module includes a barometric pressure, temperature and humidity sensor arranged on the base for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the measured area. The inclination detection module includes a biaxial inclinometer for monitoring the inclination angle of the target module. The laser module includes a transmitting module and a temperature and humidity monitoring module. The transmitting module includes a laser transmitter for transmitting optical signals. The temperature and humidity monitoring module includes a barometric pressure, temperature and humidity sensor arranged on the laser transmitter for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the area where the laser module is located. The control module is signal-connected to the target module, the laser module and the dust removal module. The receiving module that receives the optical signal transmits the signal to the control module. The control module judges the position of the optical signal according to the received signal. The control module controls the opening and closing of the laser module and the dust removal module. The control module includes a timing module, a signal transmission module and a storage module. The timing module is used to control the opening and closing time of the laser module. The signal transmission module is used to transmit and receive monitoring signals and control signals. The storage module is used to store data. The control module is a controller, and the controller is located in the base. The dust removal module includes a dust removal mechanism. The dust removal mechanism is connected to the target plate and is used to remove dust from the receiving module.

[0016] An engineering displacement monitoring method includes the following steps: S1. Set the base for fixing the target plate in the monitored area. Lay the foundation for fixing the laser transmitter outside the deformation area of the monitored area. S2. Place the target plate on the base. The front of the target plate is parallel to the horizontal displacement direction to be monitored. Then, after power-on, zero the biaxial inclinometer. S3: Place the laser transmitter to ensure that the laser irradiates the center of the target plate and lock the orientation of the transmitter. S4: Select the best measurement period of the day to turn on the laser transmitter. The laser spot irradiated on the target plate activates the photodiode on the target plate. Calculate the image center coordinates according to the activated photodiode, and zero to establish the initial target plate coordinate axis. Record the time, air pressure and temperature and humidity. S5: Set the timing irradiation time of the laser emitter, and the target plate records the new spot coordinates and the tilt angles of the biaxial inclinometer obtained each time it is activated; S6: Calculate the displacement according to the displacement value and the tilt value of the target plate.

[0017] In the preferred solution, in S6, the displacement includes the horizontal displacement L and the settlement Z; Subtract the coordinates of two adjacent times recorded by the target plate to obtain the straight-line distance S of the target displacement i , and the biaxial inclinometer records the transverse tilt angle α xi and the longitudinal tilt angle α zi ; Calculate the horizontal displacement L and the settlement Z: ; ; where i = 1, 2, 3...n, representing the nth record, T i is the temperature, H i is the humidity, k T is the temperature influence coefficient, k H is the humidity influence coefficient, T0 is the initial temperature, and H0 is the initial humidity.

[0018] The present invention provides an engineering displacement monitoring system and a monitoring method. By adopting the above solutions, the following beneficial effects are achieved: 1. During the monitoring process, it is not necessary for the monitoring personnel to follow the equipment to a fixed station, and it can be used remotely, thus improving the convenience during monitoring and ensuring the safety of the monitoring personnel.

[0019] 2. It can reduce the influence of wind on the equipment, reduce the probability of the equipment being blown crooked, and ensure the accuracy of monitoring.

[0020] 3. During the monitoring process, it can handle the dust on the surface of the photodiode, avoid the influence of dust on the monitoring of the photodiode, and ensure the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0021] 4. Provide auxiliary support for the equipment during monitoring, ensuring the stability of the equipment during operation.

[0022] 5. The detachable connection between the base and the target plate does not require overall transportation during transportation, thus increasing the convenience of transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an engineering displacement monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an engineering displacement monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partially enlarged schematic view of the target plate described in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partially enlarged schematic view of the base described in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged schematic view of the dust removal mechanism described in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a top view of an engineering displacement monitoring system described in the present invention; Figure 7 is Figure 6 a stepped sectional view taken along A-A in Figure 8 It is a partially enlarged schematic view of the support frame described in the present invention; Figure 9 It is a schematic view of an engineering displacement monitoring system described in the present invention.

[0024] In the figure: Base 1, battery 101, biaxial inclinometer 102, controller 103, support sleeve 104, wire passing hole 105, air pressure and temperature humidity sensor 106, connecting seat 2, wire outlet hole 201, insertion hole 202, target plate 3, bottom plate 301, vertical plate 302, wiring row 303, fixing sleeve 304, connecting rod 305, mounting hole 306, mounting seat 307, photodiode 308, protective shell 311, sealing door 312, dust removal mechanism 4, air inlet pipe 401, filter screen 402, connecting cylinder 403, insertion pipe 404, horizontal pipe 405, air outlet plate 406, connecting pipe 407, air outlet groove 408, air passing hole 409, fan 410, support frame 5, connecting groove 501, support plate 502, placing groove 503, limiting block 504, movable rod 505, groove 506, rotating shaft 507. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] Example 1: As Figure 1 , 2 , 4, 6 and 7 show, an engineering displacement monitoring system includes a base 1 located in the monitoring area and a laser emitter located outside the monitoring area. A connecting seat 2 is provided on the top of the base 1, and a target plate 3 is provided on the top of the connecting seat 2; the laser emitter is equipped with a solar power supply panel and a temperature and humidity sensor to ensure that the laser is emitted in a set similar temperature and humidity meteorological interval to reduce errors.

[0026] Both the laser emitter and the solar panel adopt existing mature technologies.

[0027] The target plate 3 is used to receive the light spot emitted by the laser emitter to detect displacement changes; A biaxial inclinometer 102 is provided inside the base 1 to read the inclination angle of the target at any time.

[0028] When in use, the deformation and displacement of the measured area are monitored by means of lasers and targets. The entire process does not require the monitoring personnel to stay at a fixed workstation, thereby improving the convenience of monitoring and ensuring the safety of the monitoring personnel.

[0029] In the preferred solution, a battery 101 and a controller 103 are provided in the base 1, and the battery 101 is externally connected to a solar cell panel; The base 1 is provided with an air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor 106 on the outside, and the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor 106 detects and transmits signals in an existing manner; The controller 103 is connected to the pressure, temperature and humidity sensor 106, the dual-axis inclinometer 102, the target plate 3 and the laser transmitter signal; the controller 103 adopts the existing control circuit board, has a built-in wireless signal transmission module, and adopts the existing method to receive signals, transmit signals, control and store data.

[0030] The battery 101 is electrically connected to the controller 103, the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor 106, the dual-axis inclinometer 102, the target plate 3 and the laser transmitter. The laser transmitter can also be provided with a battery 101 separately.

[0031] The electrical connection and signal connection adopt the existing line connection method.

[0032] When in use, the battery 101 supplies power, the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor 106 detects the temperature and humidity of the monitored environment, and the dual-axis inclinometer 102 detects the displacement change of the device.

[0033] Embodiment 2: like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , 3 and 4, the target plate 3 includes a bottom plate 301 connected to the connecting seat 2, a vertical plate 302 is fixedly connected to the side of the bottom plate 301, and a wiring row 303 is provided on the side of the vertical plate 302; the bottom plate 301 and the vertical plate 302 are combined to form a T shape; the vertical plate 302 is hollow inside and can be used for wiring, and the vertical plate 302 is used to auxiliary support the target plate 3.

[0034] A plurality of fixing sleeves 304 are provided on the top of the bottom plate 301, and the fixing sleeves 304 are fixedly connected to each other by connecting rods 305, and the bottom fixing sleeve 304 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 301 by the connecting rods 305; There are gaps between adjacent fixing sleeves 304 and adjacent connecting rods 305; When in use, the spaced fixing sleeves 304 can prevent the target plate 3 from being subjected to force on its entire surface when encountering a strong wind environment, and the wind will pass through the gaps, thereby increasing the wind resistance of the target plate 3 of the present application, preventing the target plate 3 from being blown crooked by the wind, and ensuring the accuracy of monitoring.

[0035] The fixing sleeve 304 is provided with an installation hole 306. An installation seat 307 is arranged in the installation hole 306. A plurality of photodiodes 308 are arranged on one end face of the installation seat 307. The photodiodes 308 are preferably silicon photodiodes. The other end face of the installation seat 307 is connected to the wiring row 303 through a connecting wire, that is, the photodiodes 308 are electrically connected to the wiring row 303 through existing connection lines; The photodiodes 308 are arranged in a matrix. During use, the laser can normally irradiate the photodiodes 308 arranged on the fixing sleeve 304.

[0036] Preferably, the diameter of the light spot generated by the laser emitter is not less than the distance between the centers of two adjacent installation seats 307.

[0037] During use, the light emitted by the laser emitter irradiates the target board 3. The photodiodes 308 within the light spot range generate voltage signals due to light sensing and activate coding. After receiving the signal, the controller 103 calculates the center coordinates of the light spot to complete data reading. By comparing the coordinate differences recorded twice, the linear displacement distance of the target can be obtained, and the operation is convenient and efficient; when calculating the center coordinates, first obtain the edge coordinates, connect the edge coordinates regularly to form the edge of a circular or elliptical light spot, and the center of the circular or elliptical light spot edge is the center coordinate. As for how to calculate the center of the circle or ellipse, existing conventional calculation methods can be used.

[0038] In a preferred solution, a plurality of insertion holes 202 are arranged at the top of the connecting seat 2. Insertion posts are arranged at the bottoms of the vertical plate 302 and the bottom plate 301, and the insertion posts are adapted to the insertion holes 202.

[0039] After installing the base 1, place the vertical plate 302 and the bottom plate 301 on the top of the connecting seat 2, and insert the insertion posts into the corresponding insertion holes 202 to complete the installation; preferably, the insertion posts and the insertion holes 202 are in interference fit, or are fixed with screws after insertion.

[0040] In a further embodiment, as Figure 2 、 4 、6 and 7 show, the connecting seat 2 is provided with a wire outlet hole 201, the base 1 is provided with a support sleeve 104, and a wire passing hole 105 is arranged in the support sleeve 104. The connection lines of the wiring row 303 with the storage battery 101 and the controller 103 pass through the wire passing hole 105 and the wire outlet hole 201 to achieve the purpose of connecting the lines, and external wiring is not required.

[0041] In a further embodiment, as Figure 7As shown in the figure, a protective case 311 is provided at the bottom end of the vertical plate 302. The protective case 311 covers the top end of the wire outlet hole 201, and a sealing door 312 is provided on the side of the protective case 311; the sealing door 312 is hinged to the protective case 311, a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the sealing door 312 and the protective case 311, and a sealing gasket is provided at the bottom of the protective case 311.

[0042] The connection lines between the wiring terminal block 303 and the storage battery 101 and the controller 103 are provided with connection heads, and the connection heads are located inside the protective case 311. The connection heads are pluggable connection heads, which are convenient for subsequent connection and disconnection.

[0043] During use, the connection and disconnection of the circuit are carried out inside the protective case 311. For example, put the hand into the protective case 311, and then plug in or unplug the pluggable connection head, so as to facilitate the installation and disassembly of the target board 3.

[0044] Embodiment 3: As Figure 2 、 4 shown in Figures 5 and 7, the target board 3 is provided with a dust removal mechanism 4; The dust removal mechanism 4 includes an air passing hole 409 provided inside the base 1. An air inlet pipe 401 is provided at the top of the base 1, and the air inlet pipe 401 is communicated with one side of the air passing hole 409; A fan 410 is provided inside the air inlet pipe 401. The fan 410 adopts an existing fan. A filter screen 402 is provided at the top of the air inlet pipe 401, and the filter screen 402 is used to filter dust; A plurality of connecting cylinders 403 are provided at the top of the base 1, and the connecting cylinders 403 are communicated with the other side of the air passing hole 409; An insertion pipe 404 is provided inside the connecting cylinder 403. A horizontal pipe 405 is provided at the top of the insertion pipe 404. The length of the horizontal pipe 405 is adapted to the length of the target board 3, and the connection between the insertion pipe 404 and the connecting cylinder 403 is in close contact; An air outlet plate 406 is provided at the bottom end of the target board 3. The length of the air outlet plate 406 is not less than the length of the target board 3. The bottom of the air outlet plate 406 is connected to the horizontal pipe 405 through a plurality of connecting pipes 407. An air outlet groove 408 is provided at the top of the air outlet plate 406, and the air outlet groove 408 is communicated with the connecting pipe 407.

[0045] During use, the fan 410 is started to continuously drive the gas to flow, so that the air flow enters the air passing holes 409 from the air inlet pipe 401, then enters the insertion pipe 404 through the connecting cylinder 403, and then passes through the horizontal pipe 405 and the connecting pipe 407 in sequence and is blown out through the air outlet groove 408. The blown air flow generates an air wall at the photodiode 308, which can not only blow away the dust on the surface of the photodiode 308, but also prevent the dust from approaching the photodiode 308, thereby ensuring that the photodiode 308 can accurately receive the optical signal emitted by the laser emitter; and a certain downward pressure will be generated during the process of the air flow entering from the air inlet pipe 401, avoiding the random shaking of the base 1 and ensuring the stability during the working process.

[0046] Embodiment 4: As Figure 4 , 7 and shown in 8, the base 1 is provided with a plurality of support frames 5, and the support frames 5 are used for auxiliary support, preferably four; A plurality of connecting grooves 501 are provided on the outer periphery of the base 1. The support frame 5 includes a support plate 502 rotatably arranged in the connecting groove 501. One end of the support plate 502 close to the bottom end of the base 1 is hinged to the base 1; when the support plate 502 is located in the connecting groove 501, a stable pad is provided between the top end of the support plate 502 and the connecting groove 501. The stable pad is a rubber pad, and the friction force is generated through the stable pad to make the support plate 502 not move randomly inside the connecting groove 501.

[0047] The support plate 502 is provided with a placement groove 503, and a plurality of limit blocks 504 are arranged in the placement groove 503; A movable rod 505 is rotatably arranged in the connecting groove 501. One end of the movable rod 505 is rotatably connected to the base 1 through a rotating shaft 507. The size of the movable rod 505 is smaller than that of the placement groove 503; The support plate 502 is provided with a groove 506, and the size of the groove 506 is larger than that of the rotating shaft 507. When the support plate 502 is located in the connecting groove 501, the movable rod 505 is located in the groove 506. Through the groove 506, the support plate 502 will not be affected by the rotating shaft 507 when turning back into the connecting groove 501, ensuring the smooth retraction of the support plate 502.

[0048] During use, first place the base 1 at the expected position. After placing it stably, turn the support plate 502 away from the connecting groove 501 so that the support plate 502 is close to the ground of the measured area. Then rotate the movable rod 505 so that the end of the movable rod 505 away from the rotating shaft 507 rotates into the groove 506, and finally make the movable rod 505 abut against the limit block 504 to complete the support and fixation. Conversely, it can be retracted. The operation is simple and convenient to support the base 1 to ensure the stability during the use of the device of the present application.

[0049] Embodiment 5: As Figure 9As shown in the figure, an engineering displacement monitoring system includes a target module, a laser module, a control module, and a dust removal module; The target module includes an inclination detection module, a plurality of receiving modules, and a temperature and humidity monitoring module; The receiving module includes a photodiode 308, and also includes a bottom plate 301, a vertical plate 302, a wiring row 303, a fixing sleeve 304, a connecting rod 305, a mounting hole 306, and a mounting seat 307 for receiving optical signals; The temperature and humidity monitoring module includes a barometric temperature and humidity sensor 106 provided on the base 1 for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the measured area; The inclination detection module includes a biaxial inclinometer 102 for monitoring the inclination angle of the target module; The laser module includes a transmitting module and a temperature and humidity monitoring module; The transmitting module includes a laser transmitter for transmitting optical signals; The temperature and humidity monitoring module includes a barometric temperature and humidity sensor 106 provided on the laser transmitter for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the area where the laser module is located; The control module is signal-connected to the target module, the laser module, and the dust removal module. The receiving module that receives the optical signal transmits the signal to the control module, and the control module determines the position of the optical signal according to the received signal; The control module controls the opening and closing of the laser module and the dust removal module; The control module includes a timing module, a signal transmission module, and a storage module. The timing module is used to control the opening and closing time of the laser module. The signal transmission module is used to transmit and receive monitoring signals and control signals. The storage module is used to store data; The control module is a controller 103, and the controller 103 is located inside the base 1; The dust removal module includes a dust removal mechanism 4, that is, an air inlet pipe 401, a filter screen 402, a connecting cylinder 403, an insertion pipe 404, a horizontal pipe 405, an air outlet plate 406, a connecting pipe 407, an air outlet groove 408, an air passing hole 409, and a fan 410 for dust removal of the receiving module.

[0050] Embodiment 6: An engineering displacement monitoring method includes the following steps: S1. Set the base of the fixed target plate in the monitored area; Lay the foundation for fixing the laser transmitter outside the deformation area of the monitored area; S2. Place the target plate on the base, with the front of the target plate parallel to the horizontal displacement direction to be monitored, and then zero the biaxial inclinometer after power-on; S3: Place the laser transmitter to ensure that the laser irradiates the center of the target plate and lock the orientation of the transmitter; S4: Select the best measurement period of the day to turn on the laser transmitter, such as 8-10 am, depending on the actual situation; The laser spot irradiated on the target plate activates the photodiodes on the target plate. The image center coordinates are calculated based on the activated photodiodes, and the initial target plate coordinate axes are established after zeroing. The time, air pressure, temperature, humidity are recorded. S5: Set the timing irradiation time of the laser emitter, and the target plate records the new spot coordinates and the tilt angles of the biaxial inclinometer obtained each time it is activated. S6: Calculate the displacement based on the displacement value and tilt value of the target plate, that is, calculate the horizontal displacement L and the settlement Z.

[0051] Specifically, subtract the coordinates of two adjacent times recorded by the target plate to obtain the linear distance S of the target displacement i , the biaxial inclinometer records the transverse tilt angle α xi and the longitudinal tilt angle α zi ; Calculate the horizontal displacement L and the settlement Z: ; ; where i = 1, 2, 3...n, representing the nth record, T i is the temperature, H i is the humidity, k T is the temperature influence coefficient, k H is the humidity influence coefficient, T0 is the initial temperature, H0 is the initial humidity. During the working process, the values of k T and k H are determined according to the specific environment and experimental data, such as obtained by setting multiple groups of control experiments for verification, so as to accurately reflect the influence of temperature and humidity on the displacement.

[0052] The method of this application is simple to operate, the result of displacement monitoring is more accurate, and it does not require the monitoring personnel to stay in the monitoring area with the equipment for a long time. The monitoring is more convenient and the safety of the detection personnel is higher.

[0053] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations to the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engineering displacement monitoring system, characterized in that: It includes a base (1) located in the monitoring area and a laser emitter located outside the monitoring area. A connecting seat (2) is provided on the top of the base (1), and a target board (3) is provided on the top of the connecting seat (2); The target board (3) is used to receive the light spot emitted by the laser emitter; The target board (3) includes a bottom plate (301) connected to the connecting seat (2); A number of fixing sleeves (304) are provided on the top of the bottom plate (301). The fixing sleeves (304) are fixedly connected to each other by connecting rods (305). The lowermost fixing sleeve (304) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (301) by a connecting rod (305); There are gaps between adjacent fixing sleeves (304) and between adjacent connecting rods (305); An installation seat (307) is provided inside the fixing sleeve (304), and a number of photodiodes (308) are provided on one end face of the installation seat (307); A biaxial inclinometer (102) is provided inside the base (1) for reading the tilt angle of the target at any time.

2. The engineering displacement monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A storage battery (101) and a controller (103) are provided inside the base (1). The storage battery (101) is externally connected to a solar panel; An air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor (106) is provided outside the base (1); The controller (103) is signal-connected to the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor (106), the biaxial inclinometer (102), the target board (3) and the laser emitter; The storage battery (101) is electrically connected to the controller (103), the air pressure, temperature and humidity sensor (106), the biaxial inclinometer (102), the target board (3) and the laser emitter.

3. The engineering displacement monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vertical plate (302) is fixedly connected to the side of the bottom plate (301), and a wiring terminal (303) is provided on the side of the vertical plate (302); The bottom plate (301) and the vertical plate (302) are combined into a T shape; An installation hole (306) is provided inside the fixing sleeve (304), and the installation seat (307) is located inside the installation hole (306); The other end face of the installation seat (307) is connected to the wiring terminal (303) through a connecting wire; The photodiodes (308) are arranged in a matrix.

4. The engineering displacement monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A number of insertion holes (202) are provided on the top of the connecting seat (2). Insertion posts are provided at the bottom of the vertical plate (302) and the bottom of the bottom plate (301), and the insertion posts are adapted to the insertion holes (202).

5. The engineering displacement monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An outlet hole (201) is provided inside the connecting seat (2), a support sleeve (104) is provided inside the base (1), a wire passing hole (105) is provided inside the support sleeve (104), and the connection lines of the wiring terminal (303) to the storage battery (101) and the controller (103) pass through the wire passing hole (105) and the outlet hole (201); A protective shell (311) is provided at the bottom end of the vertical plate (302). The protective shell (311) covers the top end of the outlet hole (201), and a sealing door (312) is provided on the side of the protective shell (311); The connection lines of the wiring terminal (303) to the storage battery (101) and the controller (103) are provided with connection heads, and the connection heads are located inside the protective shell (311); The connection heads are pluggable connection heads.

6. The engineering displacement monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: The target board (3) is provided with a dust removal mechanism (4); The dust removal mechanism (4) includes an air passing hole (409) provided inside the base (1). An air inlet pipe (401) is provided at the top of the base (1), and the air inlet pipe (401) is communicated with one side of the air passing hole (409); A blower (410) is provided inside the air inlet pipe (401), and a filter net (402) is provided at the top of the air inlet pipe (401); A plurality of connecting cylinders (403) are provided at the top of the base (1), and the connecting cylinders (403) are communicated with the other side of the air passing hole (409); An insertion connecting pipe (404) is provided inside the connecting cylinder (403), a transverse pipe (405) is provided at the top of the insertion connecting pipe (404), and the length of the transverse pipe (405) is adapted to the length of the target plate (3); An air outlet plate (406) is provided at the bottom end of the target plate (3). The length of the air outlet plate (406) is not less than the length of the target plate (3). The bottom of the air outlet plate (406) is connected to the transverse pipe (405) through a plurality of connecting pipes (407). An air outlet groove (408) is provided at the top of the air outlet plate (406), and the air outlet groove (408) is communicated with the connecting pipe (407).

7. The engineering displacement monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a plurality of support frames (5), and the support frames (5) are used for auxiliary support; A plurality of connecting grooves (501) are provided on the outer periphery of the base (1). The support frame (5) includes a support plate (502) rotatably arranged in the connecting groove (501). One end of the support plate (502) close to the bottom end of the base (1) is hinged to the base (1); The support plate (502) is provided with a placing groove (503), and a plurality of limiting blocks (504) are arranged in the placing groove (503); A movable rod (505) is rotatably arranged in the connecting groove (501). One end of the movable rod (505) is rotatably connected to the base (1) through a rotating shaft (507), and the size of the movable rod (505) is smaller than that of the placing groove (503); The support plate (502) is provided with a groove (506), and the size of the groove (506) is larger than that of the rotating shaft (507). When the support plate (502) is located in the connecting groove (501), the movable rod (505) is located in the groove (506).

8. The engineering displacement monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It includes a target module, a laser module, a control module and a dust removal module; The target module includes an inclination detection module, a plurality of receiving modules and a temperature and humidity monitoring module; the receiving module includes a photodiode (308) for receiving optical signals; the temperature and humidity monitoring module includes a barometric temperature and humidity sensor (106) provided on the base (1) for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the measured area; the inclination detection module includes a biaxial inclinometer (102) for monitoring the inclination angle of the target module; The laser module includes a transmitting module and a temperature and humidity monitoring module; the transmitting module includes a laser emitter for emitting optical signals; the temperature and humidity monitoring module includes a barometric temperature and humidity sensor (106) provided on the laser emitter for monitoring the temperature and humidity of the area where the laser module is located; The control module is signal-connected to the target module, the laser module and the dust removal module. The receiving module that receives the optical signal transmits the signal to the control module, and the control module judges the position of the optical signal according to the received signal; the control module controls the opening and closing of the laser module and the dust removal module; The control module includes a timing module, a signal transmission module, and a storage module. The timing module is used to control the opening and closing time of the laser module. The signal transmission module is used to transmit and receive monitoring signals and control signals. The storage module is used to store data. The control module is a controller (103), and the controller (103) is located inside the base (1). The dust removal module includes a dust removal mechanism (4). The dust removal mechanism (4) is connected to the target plate (3) and is used to remove dust from the receiving module.

9. An engineering displacement monitoring method, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Set the base for fixing the target plate in the monitored area; Lay the foundation for fixing the laser emitter outside the deformation area in the monitored area; S2. Place the target plate on the base. The front of the target plate is parallel to the horizontal displacement direction to be monitored. Then, after power-on, zero the biaxial inclinometer; S3: Place the laser emitter and ensure that the laser beam irradiates the center of the target plate. Lock the orientation of the emitter; S4: Turn on the laser emitter. The laser spot irradiating on the target plate activates the photodiodes on the target plate. Calculate the image center coordinates based on the activated photodiodes, and zero to establish the initial target plate coordinate axis. Record the time, air pressure, and temperature and humidity; S5: Set the timing irradiation time of the laser emitter. The target plate records the new spot coordinates obtained by each activation and the tilt angle of the biaxial inclinometer; S6: Calculate the displacement based on the displacement value and tilt value of the target plate.

10. The engineering displacement monitoring method according to claim 9, characterized in that: at In S6, the displacement includes the horizontal displacement L and the settlement Z; Subtract the coordinates of two adjacent times recorded by the target board to obtain the straight-line distance S of the target displacement i , and the biaxial inclinometer records the transverse tilt angle α xi and the longitudinal tilt angle α zi ; Calculate the horizontal displacement L and the settlement Z: ； ； Among them, i = 1, 2, 3... n, representing the nth record, T i is the temperature, H i is the humidity, k T is the temperature influence coefficient, k H is the humidity influence coefficient, T0 is the initial temperature, and H0 is the initial humidity.

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