High-capacity IV-type hydrogen storage cylinder filling deformation test device and high-capacity IV-type hydrogen storage cylinder filling deformation test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-capacity IV type hydrogen storage cylinder filling deformation test device and method, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage and transportation. The testing device comprises a medium filling system and a deformation measuring rack. The medium filling system comprises a water storage tank, a first filling pipeline, a second filling pipeline, a third filling pipeline, a first discharge pipeline and a second discharge pipeline which are used for low-pressure pumping water and high-pressure pumping water of the high-capacity IV type hydrogen storage bottle in sequence and are used for simulating the internal pressure effect of a hydrogen filling working condition; the deformation measuring rack comprises a temperature control system, a deformation measuring system and a flexible supporting system, and is used for measuring radial and axial deformation of the high-capacity IV-type hydrogen storage cylinder under the filling working condition, so that the radial and axial deformation influence of the high-capacity IV-type hydrogen storage cylinder during heating is calculated under the medium-high pressure state. The device is high in measurement precision, capable of soaking the fiber layer and the inner container layer of the high-capacity IV-type hydrogen storage bottle, good in safety performance and capable of providing scientific guidance for design of large-scale storage and transportation equipment for hydrogen energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage and transportation, and more specifically, to a large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device and method. Background Technique

[0002] In the entire industrial chain of "hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and utilization" of hydrogen energy, high-pressure large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage tube bundles containers have become an emerging solution for large-scale hydrogen energy storage and transportation in China due to their advantages such as strong hydrogen storage capacity, low transportation cost, and long service life. Therefore, it is of great significance to clarify the radial expansion of type-IV bottles under filling conditions for the design of the safety spacing of tube bundles. However, due to the relatively short development history of high-pressure large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage tube bundles containers, the related technologies and supporting facilities for measuring the filling deformation of large-capacity type-IV bottles are not yet mature. Specifically: (1) At present, there is no systematic test device and method for the filling deformation of large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottles. Most of the existing hydrogen filling test devices are developed for small-capacity bottles at the hydrogen-using end and are not suitable for large-capacity type-IV bottles in large-scale hydrogen energy storage and transportation. In particular, the explosion-proof facility level, hydrogen source gas supply capacity, etc. are limited. Moreover, it is difficult for the production sites of most hydrogen storage tube bundles container enterprises to meet the safety requirements of hydrogen filling tests. Therefore, it is difficult and has low feasibility to test the deformation of large-capacity type-IV bottles under real hydrogen filling conditions.

[0003] (2) The carbon fiber layer is the main load-bearing part of the type-IV bottle. Its structural stiffness deteriorates significantly with the increase in temperature. Large-capacity type-IV bottles have a large hydrogen storage capacity, and the temperature rise during hydrogen filling is significant. At the same time, its thermal conductivity is poor, and the hydrogen cools very slowly. Therefore, the heat generated during hydrogen filling can be fully conducted to the carbon fiber layer, resulting in the weakening of the anti-deformation ability of the type-IV bottle. At present, the water pressure method is commonly used in engineering to test the filling deformation of hydrogen storage bottles, but this method only considers the influence of working pressure and ignores the influence of temperature rise during hydrogen filling. For large-capacity type-IV bottles, the measurement results obtained are on the dangerous side.

[0004] (3) In engineering practice, large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottles cannot adopt rigid supports at both ends but should adopt a flexible support method, that is, one end is fixed and the other end is sliding. At present, the industry has not developed a test device and supporting method for the filling deformation of large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottles considering the phenomenon of temperature rise during hydrogen filling for this type of support method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device and method to solve the problems raised in the above background technique: To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device and method, the test device includes a medium filling system and a deformation measurement bench. The medium filling system is used to fill the medium water into a large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle, simulating the internal pressure effect under the hydrogen filling condition, and includes a water storage tank, a first filling pipeline, a second filling pipeline, a third filling pipeline, a first discharge pipeline, and a second discharge pipeline; The first filling pipeline is used for low-pressure water pumping, the second filling pipeline is used for medium-high-pressure water pumping, the third filling pipeline is used for connecting the first filling pipeline and the second filling pipeline with the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle, the first discharge pipeline is used for drying the inside of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle, and the second discharge pipeline is used for discharging the liquid inside the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle and for safe relief in case of emergency; The deformation measurement bench is used to measure the radial and axial deformations of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle under the filling condition, and includes a temperature control system, a deformation measurement system, and a flexible support system; The temperature control system is used to simulate the temperature rise phenomenon under the hydrogen filling condition, the deformation measurement system is used to measure the radial deformation and axial deformation of the hydrogen storage bottle under the filling condition, and the flexible support system is used for adjustable fixing of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle, and includes a fixed frame, a movable frame, a bottle mouth sliding support structure, and a bottle mouth fixed support structure.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solutions, a filling experiment is carried out on the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle, which is convenient for observing and recording the changes in the axial and radial directions of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle during the filling process.

[0007] Preferably, the first filling pipeline includes a low-pressure pump, a first one-way valve, a first thermometer, a first pressure gauge, a low-pressure buffer tank, and a first solenoid valve, and the low-pressure pump, the first one-way valve, the first thermometer, the first pressure gauge, the low-pressure buffer tank, and the first solenoid valve are sequentially fixedly connected to the first filling pipeline.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the liquid in the water storage tank is pumped out at low pressure.

[0009] Preferably, the second filling pipeline includes a high-pressure pump, a second one-way valve, a second thermometer, a second pressure gauge, a high-pressure buffer tank, and a second solenoid valve, and the high-pressure pump, the second one-way valve, the second thermometer, the second pressure gauge, the high-pressure buffer tank, and the second solenoid valve are sequentially fixedly connected to the second filling pipeline, and the positions of the high-pressure pump, the second one-way valve, the second thermometer, the second pressure gauge, the high-pressure buffer tank, and the second solenoid valve are parallel to the positions of the low-pressure pump, the first one-way valve, the first thermometer, the first pressure gauge, the low-pressure buffer tank, and the first solenoid valve.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solutions, the liquid in the water storage tank is pumped out at medium-high pressure.

[0011] Preferably, the third filling pipeline includes a third one-way valve, a third thermometer, a third pressure gauge, and a metal flexible connecting pipe. The ends of the first filling pipeline and the second filling pipeline are both communicated with the third filling pipeline. The third one-way valve, the third thermometer, and the third pressure gauge are fixedly connected to the third filling pipeline in sequence. The end of the third filling pipeline is fixedly communicated with a large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle through the metal flexible connecting pipe.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the first filling pipeline and the second filling pipeline are communicated, and liquid is filled into the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle.

[0013] Preferably, the first discharge pipeline includes a third solenoid valve and a vacuum pump. One end of the first discharge pipeline is communicated with the second discharge pipeline. The second discharge pipeline is communicated with the third filling pipeline. The vacuum pump and the third solenoid valve are fixedly connected to the first discharge pipeline in sequence. The second discharge pipeline includes a fourth solenoid valve. The fourth solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the second discharge pipeline. The fourth solenoid valve is arranged in parallel with the third solenoid valve.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature control system and the vacuum pump dry the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle. The second discharge pipeline is used for draining water and safe discharge in case of emergency.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature control system includes an optical fiber thermometer, a heating device, a temperature control console, and a temperature signal transmission line. The optical fiber thermometer is fixedly connected to the bottle stopper. The optical fiber thermometer is electrically connected to the temperature control console through the temperature signal transmission line. The heating device is wrapped around the outer side of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the optical fiber thermometer monitors the real-time temperature of the liquid in the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle.

[0017] Preferably, the deformation measurement system includes a sensor installation platform, a first displacement sensor, a second displacement sensor, a third displacement sensor, a fourth displacement sensor, a displacement signal transmission line, a dynamic strain gauge, and a control computer. The large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle is fixedly connected to the side of the sensor installation platform. The first displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor, the third displacement sensor, and the fourth displacement sensor are fixedly connected to the sensor installation platform. The first displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor, and the third displacement sensor are distributed radially along the bottle body of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle. The fourth displacement sensor is located on the side of the bottom of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle. The first displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor, the third displacement sensor, and the fourth displacement sensor are electrically connected to the dynamic strain gauge through the displacement signal transmission line. The dynamic strain gauge is electrically connected to the control computer.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the changes in the radial or axial position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle are recorded.

[0019] Preferably, the bottle mouth sliding support structure is arranged on the fixed frame and includes an anti-rotation extended bottle stopper, a sliding bushing, and a sliding support mounting flange; BOSS structures are fixedly connected to both the bottom and the bottle mouth positions of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle. A first support plate is fixedly connected to the fixed frame. The anti-rotation extended bottle stopper is threadedly connected to the inner wall surface of the BOSS structure at the bottom position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle, while realizing the sealing of the internal medium. A sliding bushing is arranged between the anti-rotation extended bottle stopper and the sliding support mounting flange, and an axial gap is left for the axial sliding of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle. The sliding support mounting flange is bolted to the first support plate of the fixed frame.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle can slide.

[0021] Preferably, the bottle mouth fixed support structure is arranged on the movable frame and includes a bottle stopper and a fixed support mounting flange; A second support plate is fixedly connected to the movable frame. The bottle stopper is fixedly connected to the bottle mouth position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle. The bottle stopper is provided with an opening for installing an optical fiber thermometer and a metal flexible connecting pipe. The fixed support mounting flange is threadedly connected to the outer wall surface of the BOSS structure at the bottle mouth position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle. The fixed support mounting flange is bolted to the second support plate of the movable frame.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the other end of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle is fixedly connected.

[0023] A method for the filling deformation test of a large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle includes the following steps: Step 1: Open the low-pressure pump and the first solenoid valve, and fill the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle with the medium water until the air in it is exhausted, then close the low-pressure pump and the first solenoid valve; Step 2: Open the deformation measurement system, open the high-pressure pump and the second solenoid valve, increase the pressure of the medium water in the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle, and measure the radial deformation of different axial positions of the hydrogen storage bottle during the pressure increase process in real time through the first displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor, and the third displacement sensor. Measure the axial elongation of the hydrogen storage bottle during the pressure increase process in real time through the fourth displacement sensor. When the water pressure in the bottle reaches the set value, close the high-pressure pump and the second solenoid valve; Step 3: Turn on the temperature control system, quickly raise the temperature of the heating device to the set value, keep the temperature stable, and gradually increase the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle body and the internal medium until the temperature measurement points of the fiber optic thermometer reach the set value; during this period, use the first displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor, and the third displacement sensor to measure the radial deformation of different axial positions of the hydrogen storage bottle during the heating process in real time, and use the fourth displacement sensor to measure the axial elongation of the hydrogen storage bottle during the heating process in real time; Step 4: Turn off the deformation measurement system, open the fourth solenoid valve, drain the medium water in the hydrogen storage bottle, and close the fourth solenoid valve after it is basically drained; Step 5: Open the third solenoid valve and the vacuum pump, reduce the air pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle, use the temperature control system to heat the remaining medium water, and discharge the corresponding steam through the vacuum pump until the inner wall surface of the hydrogen storage bottle is dry, then close the third solenoid valve and the vacuum pump, and turn off the temperature control system.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) At present, the industry has not yet formed a systematic device and method for the filling deformation test of large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottles. Therefore, the present invention has developed a complete set of filling deformation test devices and corresponding methods for large-capacity type-IV bottles used in hydrogen storage tube bundles containers, which can accurately measure the axial elongation and radial expansion under the filling conditions, providing a design basis for the tube bundle arrangement and bottle-frame connection of type-IV hydrogen storage tube bundles containers.

[0025] (2) Compared with the conventional hydrostatic test system, the present invention simulates the hydrogen filling temperature rise phenomenon of large-capacity type-IV bottles by heating the bottle body and the medium, incorporates the influence of temperature on the performance of carbon fiber into the filling deformation test, and the obtained measurement results are closer to the actual filling conditions. Compared with the hot water method of the gas cylinder creep test system, the present invention uses a method of heating the heat source outside the hydrogen storage bottle to reach the upper limit of the allowable temperature of the internal medium in the bottle, which can ensure the uniform heating of the fiber layer and the inner liner layer of the large-capacity type-IV bottle, and can make the obtained measurement results on the safe side.

[0026] (3) The existing high-pressure hydrogen bottle filling test system is developed for medium and small-capacity bottles, and its explosion-proof box and gas source volume are not sufficient to support the filling test of large-capacity type-IV bottles used in hydrogen storage tube bundles containers. Moreover, most hydrogen storage bottle production enterprises do not have the safety conditions to equip filling test facilities on site. The present invention has good compatibility with the hydrostatic test systems of most hydrogen storage bottle production enterprises, low implementation cost, high safety, and the obtained measurement results are in good agreement with the filling test results. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of a filling deformation test device for a large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the overall structural schematic diagram of the deformation measurement bench of the present invention; Figure 3 is the enlarged view of part A of Figure 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 is the overall structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the deformation measurement bench of the present invention; Figure 5 is the Figure 4 enlarged view of part B of Figure 6 is the sectional view of the large-capacity hydrogen storage bottle and its supporting structure of the present invention; Figure 7 is the Figure 6 enlarged view of part C of Figure 8 is the Figure 6 enlarged view of part D of

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: Ⅰ, the first filling pipeline; Ⅱ, the second filling pipeline; Ⅲ, the third filling pipeline; Ⅳ, the first discharge pipeline; Ⅴ, the second discharge pipeline; 01, the water storage tank; 02, the low-pressure pump; 03, the first one-way valve; 04, the first thermometer; 05, the first pressure gauge; 06, the low-pressure buffer tank; 07, the high-pressure buffer tank; 08, the second solenoid valve; 09, the first solenoid valve; 10, the vacuum pump; 11, the fourth solenoid valve; 12, the third solenoid valve; 13, the third one-way valve; 14, the deformation measurement bench; 1401, the sensor installation platform; 1402, the first displacement sensor; 1403, the heating device; 1404, the second displacement sensor; 1405, the displacement signal transmission line; 1406, the third displacement sensor; 1407, the fourth displacement sensor; 1408, the fixed frame; 140801, the first support plate; 1409, the dynamic strain gauge; 1410, the control computer; 1411, the temperature control console; 1412, the temperature signal transmission line; 1413, the movable frame; 141301, the second support plate; 1414, the fiber optic thermometer; 1415, the bottle stopper; 1416, the fixed support installation flange; 1417, the sliding support installation flange; 1418, the anti-rotation extended bottle stopper; 1419, the sliding bushing; 15, the large-capacity type Ⅳ hydrogen storage bottle; 1501, the BOSS structure; 1502, the fiber layer; 1503, the plastic inner liner; 16, the metal flexible connecting pipe; 17, the high-pressure pump; 18, the second one-way valve; 19, the second thermometer; 20, the second pressure gauge; 21, the third pressure gauge; 22, the third thermometer. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 , a large-capacity type Ⅳ hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device and method, the test device includes a medium filling system and a deformation measurement bench 14; The medium filling system is used to fill the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 with medium water and simulate the internal pressure effect under the hydrogen filling condition. It includes a water storage tank 01, a first filling pipeline I, a second filling pipeline II, a third filling pipeline III, a first discharge pipeline IV, and a second discharge pipeline V. The first filling pipeline I is used for low-pressure water pumping, and the second filling pipeline II is used for medium-high-pressure water pumping. The first filling pipeline I and the second filling pipeline II pump the water in the water storage tank 01 outward at different pressures. The third filling pipeline III is used to connect the first filling pipeline I and the second filling pipeline II to the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. One end of the third filling pipeline III is in mutual communication with the first filling pipeline I and the second filling pipeline II. The first discharge pipeline IV is used for drying the inside of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The first discharge pipeline IV and the second discharge pipeline V are in mutual communication. The second discharge pipeline V is used for discharging the liquid inside the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 and for safety relief in case of emergency. The deformation measurement bench 14 is used to measure the radial and axial deformations of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 under the filling condition, and includes a temperature control system, a deformation measurement system, and a flexible support system. The temperature control system is used to simulate the temperature rise phenomenon under the hydrogen filling condition. The large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 includes a fiber layer 1502 and a plastic inner liner 1503. The plastic inner liner 1503 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fiber layer 1502. The deformation measurement system is used to measure the radial and axial deformations of the hydrogen storage bottle under the filling condition. The flexible support system is used for the adjustable fixation of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15, and includes a fixed frame 1408, a movable frame 1413, a bottle mouth sliding support structure, and a bottle mouth fixed support structure.

[0030] The first filling pipeline I includes a low-pressure pump 02, a first one-way valve 03, a first thermometer 04, a first pressure gauge 05, a low-pressure buffer tank 06, and a first solenoid valve 09. The low-pressure pump 02, the first one-way valve 03, the first thermometer 04, the first pressure gauge 05, the low-pressure buffer tank 06, and the first solenoid valve 09 are sequentially fixedly connected to the first filling pipeline I. The first one-way valve 03 prevents the liquid from flowing back in the first filling pipeline I. The first thermometer 04 and the first pressure gauge 05 monitor the temperature and pressure of the liquid in the first filling pipeline I. The low-pressure buffer tank 06 is used for buffering and storing the liquid.

[0031] The second filling pipeline II includes a high-pressure pump 17, a second one-way valve 18, a second thermometer 19, a second pressure gauge 20, a high-pressure buffer tank 07 and a second solenoid valve 08. The high-pressure pump 17, the second one-way valve 18, the second thermometer 19, the second pressure gauge 20, the high-pressure buffer tank 07 and the second solenoid valve 08 are fixedly connected to the second filling pipeline II in sequence. Moreover, the positions of the high-pressure pump 17, the second one-way valve 18, the second thermometer 19, the second pressure gauge 20, the high-pressure buffer tank 07 and the second solenoid valve 08 are parallel to those of the low-pressure pump 02, the first one-way valve 03, the first thermometer 04, the first pressure gauge 05, the low-pressure buffer tank 06 and the first solenoid valve 09. The second one-way valve 18 prevents the liquid in the second filling pipeline II from flowing back. The second thermometer 19 and the second pressure gauge 20 measure the temperature and pressure of the liquid in the second filling pipeline II, and the high-pressure buffer tank 07 buffers and stores the liquid.

[0032] The third filling pipeline III includes a third one-way valve 13, a third thermometer 22, a third pressure gauge 21 and a metal flexible connecting pipe 16. The third one-way valve 13 is located inside the second discharge pipeline V, so that when the second discharge pipeline V discharges, the liquid will not flow back into the low-pressure buffer tank 06 and the high-pressure buffer tank 07. The ends of the first filling pipeline I and the second filling pipeline II are connected to the third filling pipeline III. The third one-way valve 13, the third thermometer 22 and the third pressure gauge 21 are fixedly connected to the third filling pipeline III in sequence. The end of the third filling pipeline III is fixedly connected to the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 through the metal flexible connecting pipe 16, which is convenient for introducing the liquid into the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15.

[0033] The first discharge pipeline IV includes a third solenoid valve 12 and a vacuum pump 10. One end of the first discharge pipeline IV is connected to the second discharge pipeline V. The second discharge pipeline V is connected to the third filling pipeline III. The vacuum pump 10 and the third solenoid valve 12 are fixedly connected to the first discharge pipeline IV in sequence, which is convenient for the vacuum pump 10 to extract the gas from the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 through the first discharge pipeline IV, the second discharge pipeline V and the third filling pipeline III. The second discharge pipeline V includes a fourth solenoid valve 11, and the fourth solenoid valve 11 is fixedly connected to the second discharge pipeline V. The third solenoid valve 12 is used to control the gas discharge. The fourth solenoid valve 11 is arranged in parallel with the third solenoid valve 12, and the fourth solenoid valve 11 is used to discharge the liquid.

[0034] The temperature control system includes a fiber optic thermometer 1414, a heating device 1403, a temperature control console 1411, and a temperature signal transmission line 1412; the fiber optic thermometer 1414 is fixedly connected to the bottle stopper 1415 and is used to monitor the temperature of the liquid in the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The fiber optic thermometer 1414 is electrically connected to the temperature control console 1411 through the temperature signal transmission line 1412, facilitating the transmission of the liquid temperature signal in the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 to the temperature control console 1411. The fiber optic thermometer 1414 has more than 3 measuring points on the axis of the hydrogen storage bottle. The heating device 1403 is wrapped around the outer side of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 and is used to heat the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The heating device 1403 has a narrow slit on the side of the sensor installation platform 1401, providing a position for the radial deformation of the hydrogen storage bottle.

[0035] The deformation measurement system includes a sensor installation platform 1401, a first displacement sensor 1402, a second displacement sensor 1404, a third displacement sensor 1406, a fourth displacement sensor 1407, a displacement signal transmission line 1405, a dynamic strain gauge 1409, and a control computer 1410; the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 is fixedly connected to the side of the sensor installation platform 1401. The first displacement sensor 1402, the second displacement sensor 1404, the third displacement sensor 1406, and the fourth displacement sensor 1407 are fixedly connected to the sensor installation platform 1401. The first displacement sensor 1402, the second displacement sensor 1404, and the third displacement sensor 1406 are radially distributed along the body of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15, providing more than three radial observation points. The fourth displacement sensor 1407 is located on the side of the bottom of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The first displacement sensor 1402, the second displacement sensor 1404, the third displacement sensor 1406, and the fourth displacement sensor 1407 are electrically connected to the dynamic strain gauge 1409 through the displacement signal transmission line 1405, transmitting the signals of the radial change and the axial change to the dynamic strain gauge 1409. The dynamic strain gauge 1409 is electrically connected to the control computer 1410, thereby recording the signals in the control computer 1410.

[0036] The bottle mouth sliding support structure is arranged on the fixed frame 1408 and includes an anti-rotation extended bottle stopper 1418, a sliding bushing 1419 and a sliding support mounting flange 1417; BOSS structures 1501 are fixedly connected to the bottom and the bottle mouth position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. A first support plate 140801 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 1408 for supporting the fixed frame 1408. The anti-rotation extended bottle stopper 1418 is threadedly connected to the inner wall surface of the BOSS structure 1501 at the bottom of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15, so that the bottom position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 is convenient for installation and disassembly, and at the same time, the sealing of the internal medium is realized. A sliding bushing 1419 is arranged between the anti-rotation extended bottle stopper 1418 and the sliding support mounting flange 1417, and an axial gap is reserved for the axial sliding of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The sliding support mounting flange 1417 is bolted to the first support plate 140801 of the fixed frame 1408.

[0037] The bottle mouth fixed support structure is arranged on the movable frame 1413 and includes a bottle stopper 1415 and a fixed support mounting flange 1416; A second support plate 141301 is fixedly connected to the movable frame 1413. The bottle stopper 1415 is fixedly connected to the bottle mouth position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The bottle stopper 1415 is hermetically connected to the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The bottle stopper 1415 is provided with an opening for installing an optical fiber thermometer 1414 and a metal flexible connecting pipe 16, so that the optical fiber thermometer 1414 and the metal flexible connecting pipe 16 are convenient for installation. The fixed support mounting flange 1416 is threadedly connected to the outer wall surface of the BOSS structure 1501 at the bottle mouth position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The fixed support mounting flange 1416 is bolted to the second support plate 141301 of the movable frame 1413.

[0038] The using steps of the present invention are as follows: The low-pressure pump 02 on the first filling pipeline I is turned on, and the first solenoid valve 09 is turned on. The low-pressure pump 02 pumps out the liquid in the water storage tank 01, so that the liquid flows along the first filling pipeline I, passes through the low-pressure buffer tank 06, the third filling pipeline III, the metal flexible connecting pipe 16 and enters the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 to fill the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 with the medium water until the air in it is exhausted. Then, the low-pressure pump 02 and the first solenoid valve 09 are closed, and the bottle stoppers 1415 and the anti-rotation extended bottle stopper 1418 at the bottle mouth and the bottom of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 are tightened to realize sealing; Turn on the deformation measurement system. The high-pressure pump 17 and the second solenoid valve 08 on the second filling pipeline II are opened. The liquid is pumped out of the water storage tank 01 again and enters the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 along the second filling pipeline II, the high-pressure buffer tank 07, the third filling pipeline III, and the metal flexible connecting pipe 16, increasing the medium water pressure in the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15. The radial deformation amounts at different axial positions of the hydrogen storage bottle during the pressure increase process are measured in real time by the first displacement sensor 1402, the second displacement sensor 1404, and the third displacement sensor 1406. The axial elongation amount of the hydrogen storage bottle during the pressure increase process is measured in real time by the fourth displacement sensor 1407. The first displacement sensor 1402, the second displacement sensor 1404, the third displacement sensor 1406, and the fourth displacement sensor 1407 transmit the changing signals to the dynamic strain gauge 1409 through the displacement signal transmission line 1405, and finally the signals are transmitted to the control computer 1410. When the water pressure in the bottle reaches the set value, the high-pressure pump 17 and the second solenoid valve 08 are closed; Turn on the temperature control system. The heating device 1403 is quickly heated to the set value and the temperature is kept stable, causing the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle body and the internal medium to gradually rise. The fiber optic thermometer 1414 monitors the temperature in the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 in real time until the temperature measurement points of the fiber optic thermometer 1414 reach the set value; During this period, the radial deformation amounts at different axial positions of the hydrogen storage bottle during the heating process are measured in real time by the first displacement sensor 1402, the second displacement sensor 1404, and the third displacement sensor 1406. The axial elongation amount of the hydrogen storage bottle during the heating process is measured in real time by the fourth displacement sensor 1407, and the signals are transmitted to the dynamic strain gauge 1409 in real time and finally transmitted to the control computer 1410 for analysis and recording; Turn off the deformation measurement system. Open the fourth solenoid valve 11 to discharge the medium water in the hydrogen storage bottle. After it is basically drained, close the fourth solenoid valve 11. Then open the third solenoid valve 12 and the vacuum pump 10. The gas in the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15 is discharged through the metal flexible connecting pipe 16 and the third filling pipeline III from the first discharge pipeline IV to reduce the internal air pressure. At the set temperature of the temperature control system, the residual medium water can form steam, and the corresponding steam is discharged using the vacuum pump 10 until the inner wall surface of the hydrogen storage bottle is dry. Finally, close the third solenoid valve 12 and the vacuum pump 10, and turn off the temperature control system, thus completing the filling deformation measurement of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle 15.

[0039] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification are only preferred examples of the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage cylinder filling deformation test device, comprising a medium filling system and a deformation measurement bench (14), characterized in that: The medium filling system is used to fill the medium water into the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15) and simulate the internal pressure effect under the hydrogen filling condition, and includes a water storage tank (01), a first filling pipeline (Ⅰ), a second filling pipeline (Ⅱ), a third filling pipeline (Ⅲ), a first discharge pipeline (Ⅳ) and a second discharge pipeline (Ⅴ). The first filling pipeline (Ⅰ) is used for low-pressure water pumping, the second filling pipeline (Ⅱ) is used for medium-high-pressure water pumping, the third filling pipeline (Ⅲ) is used for connecting the first filling pipeline (Ⅰ) and the second filling pipeline (Ⅱ) with the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15), the first discharge pipeline (Ⅳ) is used for drying the inside of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15), and the second discharge pipeline (Ⅴ) is used for discharging the liquid inside the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15) and for safety relief in case of emergency. The deformation measurement bench (14) is used to measure the radial and axial deformations of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15) under the filling condition, and includes a temperature control system, a deformation measurement system and a flexible support system. The temperature control system is used to simulate the temperature rise phenomenon under the hydrogen filling condition, the deformation measurement system is used to measure the radial and axial deformations of the hydrogen storage bottle under the filling condition, and the flexible support system is used for adjustable fixation of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15), and includes a fixed frame (1408), a movable frame (1413), a sliding support structure at the bottle mouth and a fixed support structure at the bottle mouth.

2. The large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first filling pipeline (Ⅰ) includes a low-pressure pump (02), a first one-way valve (03), a first thermometer (04), a first pressure gauge (05), a low-pressure buffer tank (06) and a first solenoid valve (09), and the low-pressure pump (02), the first one-way valve (03), the first thermometer (04), the first pressure gauge (05), the low-pressure buffer tank (06), the first solenoid valve (09) are fixedly connected to the first filling pipeline (Ⅰ) in sequence.

3. A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second filling pipeline (Ⅱ) includes a high-pressure pump (17), a second one-way valve (18), a second thermometer (19), a second pressure gauge (20), a high-pressure buffer tank (07) and a second solenoid valve (08), and the high-pressure pump (17), the second one-way valve (18), the second thermometer (19), the second pressure gauge (20), the high-pressure buffer tank (07), the second solenoid valve (08) are fixedly connected to the second filling pipeline (Ⅱ) in sequence, and the positions of the high-pressure pump (17), the second one-way valve (18), the second thermometer (19), the second pressure gauge (20), the high-pressure buffer tank (07), the second solenoid valve (08) are parallel to the positions of the low-pressure pump (02), the first one-way valve (03), the first thermometer (04), the first pressure gauge (05), the low-pressure buffer tank (06), the first solenoid valve (09).

4. A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage cylinder filling deformation test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third filling pipeline (Ⅲ) includes a third one-way valve (13), a third thermometer (22), a third pressure gauge (21), and a metal flexible connecting pipe (16). The ends of the first filling pipeline (Ⅰ) and the second filling pipeline (Ⅱ) are communicated with the third filling pipeline (Ⅲ). The third one-way valve (13), the third thermometer (22), and the third pressure gauge (21) are fixedly connected to the third filling pipeline (Ⅲ) in sequence. The end of the third filling pipeline (Ⅲ) is fixedly communicated with a large-capacity type Ⅳ hydrogen storage bottle (15) through the metal flexible connecting pipe (16).

5. A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first discharge pipeline (Ⅳ) includes a third solenoid valve (12) and a vacuum pump (10). One end of the first discharge pipeline (Ⅳ) is communicated with the second discharge pipeline (Ⅴ). The second discharge pipeline (Ⅴ) is communicated with the third filling pipeline (Ⅲ). The vacuum pump (10) and the third solenoid valve (12) are fixedly connected to the first discharge pipeline (Ⅳ) in sequence. The second discharge pipeline (Ⅴ) includes a fourth solenoid valve (11). The fourth solenoid valve (11) is fixedly connected to the second discharge pipeline (Ⅴ). The fourth solenoid valve (11) is arranged in parallel with the third solenoid valve (12).

6. A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage cylinder filling deformation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control system includes an optical fiber thermometer (1414), a heating device (1403), a temperature control console (1411), and a temperature signal transmission line (1412). The optical fiber thermometer (1414) is electrically connected to the temperature control console (1411) through the temperature signal transmission line (1412). The heating device (1403) is wrapped outside the large-capacity type Ⅳ hydrogen storage bottle (15).

7. A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation measurement system includes a sensor mounting platform (1401), a first displacement sensor (1402), a second displacement sensor (1404), a third displacement sensor (1406), a fourth displacement sensor (1407), a displacement signal transmission line (1405), a dynamic strain gauge (1409), and a control computer (1410). The large-capacity type Ⅳ hydrogen storage bottle (15) is fixedly connected to the side of the sensor mounting platform (1401). The first displacement sensor (1402), the second displacement sensor (1404), the third displacement sensor (1406), and the fourth displacement sensor (1407) are fixedly connected to the sensor mounting platform (1401). The first displacement sensor (1402), the second displacement sensor (1404), and the third displacement sensor (1406) are distributed radially along the bottle body of the large-capacity type Ⅳ hydrogen storage bottle (15). The fourth displacement sensor (1407) is located at the side of the bottom of the large-capacity type Ⅳ hydrogen storage bottle (15). The first displacement sensor (1402), the second displacement sensor (1404), the third displacement sensor (1406), and the fourth displacement sensor (1407) are electrically connected to the dynamic strain gauge (1409) through the displacement signal transmission line (1405). The dynamic strain gauge (1409) is electrically connected to the control computer (1410).

8. A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage cylinder filling deformation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottle mouth sliding support structure is arranged on the fixed frame (1408), and includes an anti-rotation extended bottle stopper (1418), a sliding bushing (1419) and a sliding support mounting flange (1417); BOSS structures (1501) are fixedly connected to both the bottom and the bottle mouth positions of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15). A first support plate (140801) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (1408). The anti-rotation extended bottle stopper (1418) is threadedly connected to the inner wall surface of the BOSS structure (1501) at the bottom of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15), while realizing the sealing of the internal medium. A sliding bushing (1419) is provided between the anti-rotation extended bottle stopper (1418) and the sliding support mounting flange (1417), and an axial gap is left to allow the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15) to slide axially. The sliding support mounting flange (1417) is bolted to the first support plate (140801) of the fixed frame (1408).

9. A large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottle mouth fixed support structure is arranged on the movable frame (1413), and includes a bottle stopper (1415) and a fixed support mounting flange (1416); A second support plate (141301) is fixedly connected to the movable frame (1413). The bottle stopper (1415) is fixedly connected to the bottle mouth position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15). The bottle stopper (1415) is provided with an opening for installing an optical fiber thermometer (1414) and a metal flexible connecting pipe (16). The fixed support mounting flange (1416) is threadedly connected to the outer wall surface of the BOSS structure (1501) at the bottle mouth position of the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15). The fixed support mounting flange (1416) is bolted to the second support plate (141301) of the movable frame (1413).

10. A method for a large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test, which employs the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle filling deformation test device described in any one of claims 1-9, is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Open the low-pressure pump (02) and the first solenoid valve (09), and fill the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15) with the medium water until the air in it is exhausted, then close the low-pressure pump (02) and the first solenoid valve (09); Step 2: Turn on the deformation measurement system, open the high-pressure pump (17) and the second solenoid valve (08), increase the pressure of the medium water in the large-capacity type-IV hydrogen storage bottle (15), and use the first displacement sensor (1402), the second displacement sensor (1404) and the third displacement sensor (1406) to measure the radial deformation of different axial positions of the hydrogen storage bottle during the pressure increase process in real time, and use the fourth displacement sensor (1407) to measure the axial elongation of the hydrogen storage bottle during the pressure increase process in real time. When the water pressure in the bottle reaches the set value, close the high-pressure pump (17) and the second solenoid valve (08); Step 3: Turn on the temperature control system, quickly raise the temperature of the heating device (1403) to the set value, keep the temperature stable, and gradually increase the temperature of the hydrogen storage bottle body and the internal medium until the temperature measurement points of the fiber optic thermometer (1414) reach the set value; during this period, the radial deformation of different axial positions of the hydrogen storage bottle during the heating process is measured in real time by the first displacement sensor (1402), the second displacement sensor (1404) and the third displacement sensor (1406), and the axial elongation of the hydrogen storage bottle during the heating process is measured in real time by the fourth displacement sensor (1407). Step 4: Turn off the deformation measurement system, open the fourth solenoid valve (11), drain the medium water in the hydrogen storage bottle, and close the fourth solenoid valve (11) after it is basically drained. Step 5: Open the third solenoid valve (12) and the vacuum pump (10), reduce the air pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle, heat the residual medium water by using the temperature control system, and discharge the corresponding steam through the vacuum pump (10) until the inner wall surface of the hydrogen storage bottle is dry, then close the third solenoid valve (12) and the vacuum pump (10), and turn off the temperature control system.

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