Engineering cavity detection and grouting method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an engineering cavity detection and grouting method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: setting detection point coordinates according to a position point where a cavity is located, and for each detection point coordinate, carrying out the detection of an overlying layer of the detection point coordinate through a preset measurement tool, and obtaining the standard thickness of the overlying layer; detecting the top and the bottom of the overlying layer of the coordinates of the detection point through a muon detector to obtain muon data, the muon data including incident muon flux and receiving muon flux; calculating a cavity height corresponding to the coordinates of the detection point according to the standard thickness, the muon data and a material parameter corresponding to each geological layer in the overlying layer; calculating the volume of the cavity according to the coordinates of the detection points and the height of the cavity; and grouting the cavity according to the volume of the cavity. The volume of the underground cavity is detected on the basis of the muon attenuation characteristic and the change of muon flux, the height of each cavity can be calculated more accurately, the accuracy and efficiency of cavity volume detection calculation are improved, and detection equipment is simple and convenient to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel cavity detection, and particularly to an engineering cavity detection and grouting method, device, electronic device, and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel engineering, the inner wall of a tunnel is the interface between the excavated and unexcavated rock formations in the tunnel. During tunnel construction, due to geological structures, groundwater activities, etc., cavities may form between the inner wall of the tunnel and the surrounding rock mass or soil, that is, cavities are formed. Cavities pose a threat to the stability and safety of the tunnel structure, so it is necessary to accurately detect the volume of the cavities and grout them to fill and seal the cavities. Common cavity detection methods include acoustic detection, ground penetrating radar, etc. However, these methods are often affected by the complexity of rock formations, materials, and structures, and it is difficult to obtain sufficiently accurate data. At the same time, these detection methods require stable output and receiving ends, and the equipment is heavy and difficult to transport, making it difficult to conduct field tests, and unable to accurately detect the spatial distribution of cavities, and thus unable to accurately perform grouting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an engineering cavity detection and grouting method to solve the problem that the prior art cannot accurately detect the spatial distribution of cavities, and thus it is difficult to accurately calculate the grouting volume.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an engineering cavity detection and grouting method, including:

[0005] Setting detection point coordinates according to the position points where the cavities are located, the detection points are located on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the cavities include at least one of water and air;

[0006] For each of the detection point coordinates, detecting the overlying layer of the detection point coordinates through a preset measuring tool to obtain the standard thickness of the overlying layer, the overlying layer is at least one geological layer, and the types of the geological layers include water layers and air layers;

[0007] Detecting the top and bottom of the overlying layer of the detection point coordinates through a muon detector to obtain muon data, the muon data includes the incident muon flux corresponding to the top and the received muon flux corresponding to the bottom;

[0008] Calculating the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates according to the standard thickness, the muon data, and the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer, the material parameters include attenuation coefficient and density;

[0009] Calculating the cavity volume according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height;

[0010] Grouting the cavity according to the cavity volume.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an engineering cavity detection and grouting device, comprising:

[0012] A detection point coordinate setting module for setting the detection point coordinates according to the position points where the cavities are located, and the detection points are located on the inner wall of the tunnel; the cavities include at least one of water and air;

[0013] A standard thickness detection module for detecting the overlying layer of each of the detection point coordinates through a preset measuring tool to obtain the standard thickness of the overlying layer, and the overlying layer is at least one geological layer, and the types of the geological layers include water layers and air layers;

[0014] A muon data acquisition module for detecting the top and bottom of the overlying layer of each of the detection point coordinates through a muon detector to obtain muon data, and the muon data includes the incident muon flux corresponding to the top and the received muon flux corresponding to the bottom;

[0015] A cavity height calculation module for calculating the cavity height corresponding to each of the detection point coordinates according to the standard thickness, the muon data, and the material parameters corresponding to the geological layers, and the material parameters include attenuation coefficients and densities;

[0016] A cavity volume calculation module for calculating the cavity volume according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height;

[0017] A grouting module for grouting the cavity according to the cavity volume.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device, and the electronic device includes:

[0019] At least one processor; and

[0020] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0021] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the engineering cavity detection and grouting method described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0022] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a processor to implement the engineering cavity detection and grouting method described in the first aspect of the present invention when executed.

[0023] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting and grouting engineering cavities. Detection point coordinates are set according to the position points of the cavities, and the detection points are located on the inner wall of the tunnel. For each set of detection point coordinates, the overlying layer of the detection point coordinates is detected by a preset measuring tool to obtain the standard thickness of the overlying layer. The overlying layer includes at least one geological layer, and the types of geological layers include water layers and air layers. The top and bottom of the overlying layer of the detection point coordinates are detected by a muon detector to obtain muon data, and the muon data includes the incident muon flux corresponding to the top and the received muon flux corresponding to the bottom. The cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates is calculated according to the standard thickness, the muon data, and the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer. The material parameters include the attenuation coefficient and the density. The cavity volume is calculated according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height. The cavity is grouted according to the cavity volume.

[0024] On the one hand, cosmogenic muons do not need to be artificially emitted, are stable and uniform, and have strong penetrability in underground substances. Their attenuation characteristics are related to the density and thickness of the medium they pass through. Therefore, it is possible to detect underground cavities by monitoring the change of muon flux. On the other hand, in this solution, the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates is calculated according to the standard thickness, the muon data, and the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer. Compared with radar and the like, it can calculate each cavity height more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of cavity volume calculation, and then being able to accurately grout the cavity.

[0025] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting and grouting engineering cavities provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for setting detection point coordinates provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of detecting muons at the bottom of an overlying layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4It is a muon imaging quantity diagram of different density media provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a cavity provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of grid division when using a discretization method to calculate the volume of an irregular cavity provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an engineering cavity detection and grouting device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] The muons involved in the present invention are cosmic ray muons, which are abbreviated as cosmogenic muons or muons in the present invention. Cosmogenic muons are a natural, widely distributed, and relatively stable high-energy ion source. Therefore, muons can be used as "probes" for measurement and imaging.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of an engineering cavity detection and grouting method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the situation of engineering cavity detection and grouting. This method can be executed by an engineering cavity detection and grouting device, which can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software, and the engineering cavity detection and grouting device can be configured in an electronic device. As Figure 1 shown, the engineering cavity detection and grouting method includes:

[0039] S101. Set the detection point coordinates according to the position point of the cavity, and the detection point is located on the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0040] The cavity includes at least one of water and air. Generally speaking, the cavity communicates with the inner wall of the tunnel, so the location point of the cavity can be determined through manual exploration. In addition, the standard thickness of the tunnel mountain body can be determined by measuring tools such as satellites, and then the muon detector is used to gradually detect different areas to obtain the actual thickness. When the difference between the standard thickness and the actual thickness is greater than the preset value, the current detection point is considered as the location point of the cavity.

[0041] Specifically, the detection point coordinates are set according to the location point of the cavity, including: determining the horizontal plane coordinates of the location point of the cavity as the initial reference point; determining the horizontal circles with the initial reference point as the center and the detection distances increasing in sequence as the radii; determining multiple detection points on the circumference of each horizontal circle. On the circumference of the same horizontal circle, the horizontal distances between the detection points are equal, and the number of detection points is proportional to the radius of the horizontal circle.

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a method for setting detection point coordinates. As Figure 2 shown, point A is the location point of the cavity, that is, the initial reference point. The detection distance is t, and the initial detection radius is r. The first horizontal circle R1 is drawn with A as the center and r as the radius; the second horizontal circle R2 is drawn with A as the center and r + t as the radius; then the third horizontal circle R3 is drawn with A as the center and r + 2t as the radius, and so on. Of course, the number of horizontal circles to be drawn, the detection distance t, and the initial detection radius r can all be set according to actual needs and experience. However, after the horizontal circles are set, the outermost horizontal circle needs to enclose the cavity. In this case, the cavity thickness corresponding to the detection points on the circumference of the outermost horizontal circle should be 0. Through the above method of setting detection points, the data of the area where the cavity is located can be detected evenly and effectively.

[0043] S102. For each detection point coordinate, the overlying layer of the detection point coordinate is detected by a preset measuring tool to obtain the standard thickness of the overlying layer. The overlying layer includes at least one geological layer.

[0044] The types of geological layers include water layers and air layers, and also include rock layers and soil layers.

[0045] The standard thickness is the total height of the overlying layer above the detection point.

[0046] The overlying layer includes at least one of rock layers and soil layers, and the cavity includes at least one of water and air. The preset measuring tool can be a satellite-assisted detector.

[0047] S103. The top and bottom of the overlying layer of the detection point coordinate are detected by a muon detector to obtain muon data.

[0048] Figure 3Schematic diagram of bottom muon detection for an overlying layer, as Figure 3 shown. B is a cavity connected to the inner wall of the tunnel. A detector RE is set in the tunnel. Cosmic muons are blocked by rock mass, soil, water, and air and suffer energy loss, and the remaining muons are received by the detector RE. Muon data includes the incident muon flux corresponding to the top and the received muon flux corresponding to the bottom. The incident muon flux can be obtained by detecting the muon flux at the top of the overlying layer at the detection point coordinates. The incident muon flux is the initial muon flux of cosmic muons before entering the overlying layer, and the received muon flux is the muon flux when cosmic muons enter from the top of the overlying layer and reach the bottom of the overlying layer. Since cosmic muons have energy loss in the interaction with matter and will decay into electrons and neutrinos when the energy is exhausted, only muons with energy higher than a certain threshold can pass through the target. Therefore, the received muon flux obtained when muons pass through the overlying layer must be less than the incident muon flux.

[0049] S104. Calculate the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates according to the standard thickness, muon data, and material parameters corresponding to the geological layer.

[0050] The material parameters include the attenuation coefficient and density.

[0051] Except for the cavity, the geological layers (rock layers, soil layers) included in the overlying layer can be obtained in advance through geological surveys. Then, the attenuation coefficient and density of the geological layers in the overlying layer can also be measured in advance. Muon data (incident muon flux and received muon flux) and material parameters corresponding to the geological layer can reflect the muon blocking characteristics of different types of geological layers. The standard thickness is the sum value of different types of geological layers. Combining the standard thickness, muon data, and material parameters can inversely calculate the thickness of geological layers with different densities, and then calculate the cavity height (the combined value of the water layer and the air layer).

[0052] When inversely calculating the thickness of geological layers with different densities using the muon flux, it is mainly calculated based on the attenuation characteristics of muons in geological layers with different densities and relevant physical principles. Figure 4 Muon imaging quantity diagram for different density media, as Figure 4 shown. It can be seen that the smaller the material density, the more muons received by the detector (receiving end). On the contrary, the larger the material density, the fewer muons received by the receiving end.

[0053] The composition of the overlying layer and the thickness of each type of geological layer can be determined according to the number of muons received by the detector.

[0054] S105. Calculate the cavity volume according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height.

[0055] After knowing the coordinates of the known detection points and the height of the cavity, a three-dimensional model of the cavity can be constructed and the volume of the cavity can be calculated. Exemplarily, the volume can be calculated based on the discretization method, dividing the three-dimensional modeling into many discrete grids or elements, then calculating the volume of each grid or element, and adding them together to obtain the total volume. This method is applicable to complex geometric bodies and irregular shapes. Commonly used discretization methods include the finite element method and the finite difference method.

[0056] In an alternative embodiment, a discretization method can be used to obtain the volume of the cavity, specifically including: dividing the projection of the cavity on the horizontal plane into multiple grids; dividing the projection of the cavity on the horizontal plane into multiple grids; for each grid, calculating the horizontal area ΔS of each grid n , and calculating the average value of all known cavity heights within the grid to obtain the average height ΔZ n ; calculating the horizontal area ΔS n and the average height ΔZ n ; multiplying the product to obtain the spatial unit volume of the grid; summing the spatial unit volumes of all grids to obtain the cavity volume.

[0057] The cavity volume V = ∑ n ΔS n ·ΔZ n , where n is the serial number of the grid.

[0058] S106. Grout the cavity according to the cavity volume.

[0059] After determining the cavity volume, the cavity can be grouted according to the cavity volume. Optionally, grouting the cavity according to the cavity volume includes: obtaining the foaming rate of the grouting material; calculating the grouting mass of the grouting material based on the cavity volume and the foaming rate; preparing the slurry according to the grouting mass and grouting the cavity.

[0060] The raw materials for grouting may react with water or react between different raw materials, resulting in a change in the volume of the raw materials. Therefore, the foaming characteristics of the raw materials need to be considered when calculating the slurry volume. The larger the foaming rate, the larger the foaming volume and the smaller the required raw material mass.

[0061] V f = V k = F 原料 V 原料 ;

[0062] M 原料 = V 原料 / ρ 原料 ;

[0063] Wherein, V f is the volume of the slurry after reaction, V k is the cavity volume, F 原料, V 原料 , M 原料 , ρ 原料 are the foaming ratio, volume, mass, and density of the raw material, respectively.

[0064] During the grouting process, the grouting state can be evaluated in real time by the muon count of the detector in combination with the density of the grout, that is, the grout is regarded as a geological layer for calculation until the thickness of the cavity (water or air) obtained by the solution in the calculation result is 0. Other methods such as radar and acoustic wave cannot monitor the grouting state during the grouting process. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the grouting method of the present invention can achieve a better grouting effect.

[0065] The embodiment of the present invention provides an engineering cavity detection and grouting method. The detection point coordinates are set according to the position point of the cavity, and the detection points are located on the inner wall of the tunnel. For each detection point coordinate, the overlying layer of the detection point coordinate is detected by a preset measuring tool to obtain the standard thickness of the overlying layer, and the overlying layer includes at least one geological layer. The top and bottom of the overlying layer of the detection point coordinate are detected by a muon detector to obtain muon data, and the muon data includes the incident muon flux corresponding to the top and the received muon flux corresponding to the bottom. The cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinate is calculated according to the standard thickness, muon data, and material parameters corresponding to the geological layer. The material parameters include the attenuation coefficient and density. The cavity volume is calculated according to the detection point coordinate and the cavity height. The cavity is grouted according to the cavity volume. On the one hand, cosmogenic muons do not need to be artificially emitted, are stable and uniform, and have strong penetrability in underground substances. Their attenuation characteristics are related to the density and thickness of the medium they pass through. Therefore, underground cavities can be detected by monitoring the change of muon flux. On the other hand, this solution can calculate the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinate according to the standard thickness, muon data, and material parameters corresponding to the geological layer. Compared with radar, etc., it can calculate the height of each cavity more accurately, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of cavity volume calculation, and then being able to accurately grout the cavity.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, calculating the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinate according to the standard thickness, muon data, and material parameters corresponding to the geological layer includes the following steps:

[0067] (a1) Construct the thickness d of each geological layer i , where i is a positive integer less than or equal to 4.

[0068] The geological layer can be a rock layer, a soil layer, a water layer, and an air layer. Therefore, the maximum number of geological layers is 4 layers.

[0069] (a2) Construct a muon attenuation expression according to the muon data, the number of geological layers, the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer, and the thickness d i

[0070] The muon attenuation expression is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] where I0 is the incident muon flux, I is the received muon flux, n is the total number of geological layers, and μ i , ρ i , d i are the attenuation coefficient, density, and thickness of the i-th geological layer, respectively.

[0073] (a3) Construct a thickness expression based on the standard thickness and the thickness d of each geological layer i .

[0074] The thickness expression is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] where D is the standard thickness, n is the total number of geological layers, and d i are the thicknesses of the i-th geological layer, respectively.

[0077] (a4) Simultaneously solve the muon attenuation expression and the thickness expression to determine the actual value of the thickness d i .

[0078] Given and the total thickness D, the thickness d of each geological layer is solved by simultaneously solving the equations i . If the number of layers i is small (for example, 2 layers, one is a known rock layer and the other is air), it can be solved by simple algebraic operations and accurate calculation results can be obtained. Therefore, in this embodiment, preferably, the number of layers i is less than or equal to 2; if the number of layers i is greater than 2, numerical calculation methods (such as iterative methods, least squares methods, etc.) may be needed to solve the equations to obtain the thickness d of each geological layer that meets the conditions i . If the number of layers i is greater than 2, the accuracy of the calculation results will decrease. High-order (such as machine learning) algorithms can be introduced, combined with historical geological data, to dynamically adjust the number of layers and parameters to enhance the adaptability of the model.

[0079] (a5) Take the sum of the thicknesses d i corresponding to the air layer and the water layer as the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates.

[0080] The cavity includes at least one of air and water. It should be noted that when the cavity includes only one of air and water, it means that the thickness of the other is 0.

[0081] By using the above equations to obtain the thicknesses of each material layer, the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates can be accurately calculated, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of cavity volume detection.

[0082] In an optional embodiment, calculating the cavity volume according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height includes:

[0083] (b1) Establishing a three-dimensional model of the cavity according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height, and determining the central position of the cavity;

[0084] Establishing a three-dimensional model of the cavity means transforming the detection point coordinates and the cavity height into the three-dimensional space. The central position of the cavity can respectively take the average value of the extreme values in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions as the coordinate value of the central position on the corresponding axis. Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a cavity. As shown, A is the central position of the cavity. It should be noted that Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a cavity in an ideal state. In actual applications, the cavity is usually approximately spherical or ellipsoidal in shape. Therefore, the figure in Figure 5 is used as an example to illustrate.

[0085] (b2) Setting a measurement axis, the measurement axis includes an axis point and a first straight line and a second straight line that pass through the axis point and are perpendicular to each other. The first straight line and the second straight line are parallel to the horizontal plane;

[0086] The horizontal plane is the plane where the XY axis is located. As shown in Figure 5 (a), the axis point of the measurement axis is o, and the first straight line l1 and the second straight line l2 are parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0087] (b3) Setting the axis point of the measurement axis at the central position of the cavity, determining two first intersections of the first straight line and the cavity boundary, and determining two second intersections of the second straight line and the cavity boundary;

[0088] As shown in Figure 5 (a), the axis point o of the measurement axis coincides with the central position A of the cavity. The two first intersections of the first straight line l1 and the cavity boundary are respectively a 11 and a 12 , and the two first intersections of the second straight line l2 and the cavity boundary are respectively b 11 and b 12 .

[0089] (b4) Calculating the distance between the two first intersections to obtain the total length Δx1, and calculating the two second intersections to obtain the total width Δy1;

[0090] (b5) Judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the total length Δx1 and the total width Δy1 is greater than the product of the total length Δx1 and a preset ratio value, and the preset ratio value is less than 0.5;

[0091] If not, then execute step (b6); if so, then execute step (b7).

[0092] Preferably, the preset ratio value is 0.25.

[0093] The characteristic of a circle is that the diameters measured at different positions are equal. If the cavity model is close to a sphere or an ellipsoid, then its cross-section in the horizontal direction should be close to a circle, that is, the wire diameters measured on the cross-section in the horizontal direction should have relatively small differences. The absolute value of the difference between the total length Δx1 and the total width Δy1 represents the difference between the two.

[0094] In this solution, it is set whether the absolute value of the difference between the total length Δx1 and the total width Δy1 is greater than the product of the total length Δx1 and the preset ratio value. Let the preset ratio value be 0.25, then

[0095] |Δx1 - Δy1| < 0.25Δx1. When Δx1 > Δy1, it is When Δx1 < Δy1, it is

[0096] Through the above judgment, it can be detected whether the difference in the wire diameters measured on the cross-section in the horizontal direction is small, that is, whether it may be close to a circle. If it is determined that the cross-section in the horizontal direction is not close to a circle, it means that the cavity shape is an irregular shape. Therefore, the cavity model is divided into discrete grids by the discretization method and the total volume of the grids is calculated to obtain the cavity volume. If it is detected that the cross-section in the horizontal direction may be close to a circle, further detection is carried out, that is, multi-point sampling and comparison of the wire diameters of the cross-section in the horizontal direction.

[0097] (b6) Divide the cavity model into discrete grids based on the discretization method and calculate the total volume of the grids to obtain the cavity volume;

[0098] Specifically, it includes: dividing the projection of the cavity on the horizontal plane into multiple grids; for each grid, calculating the horizontal area ΔS n , and calculating the average value of all known cavity heights within the grid to obtain the average height ΔZ n ; calculating the horizontal area ΔS n and the average height ΔZ n and multiplying them to obtain the spatial unit volume of the grid; summing up the spatial unit volumes of all grids to obtain the cavity volume. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of grid division when using the discretization method to calculate the volume of an irregular cavity. As Figure 6 (a) shows, the projection of the cavity model B on the horizontal plane is Sxy. As Figure 6 (b) shows, the projection Sxy is divided into multiple grids, and the horizontal area of the nth grid is ΔS n , and the horizontal area ΔS of each grid nThey are not necessarily the same. For the grids at the projection edge, their areas vary, while for the grids inside the projection, their areas are fixed and equal.

[0099] The cavity volume V = ∑ n ΔS n ·ΔZ n , where n is the serial number of the grid.

[0100] (b7) Rotate the first straight line and the second straight line around the central position by a preset angle respectively.

[0101] Preferably, the preset angle is greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 150°. Setting this preset angle can change the original measurement position and avoid repeated detection points.

[0102] As Figure 5 (b) shows, relative to Figure 5 (a), Figure 5 the angles of the first straight line l1 and the second straight line l2 in (b) have both changed, so the wire diameters at different positions of the same cross-section can be detected.

[0103] (b8) Determine two third intersection points of the first straight line and the cavity boundary, and determine two fourth intersection points of the second straight line and the cavity boundary;

[0104] As Figure 5 (b) shows, the two third intersection points of the first straight line l1 and the cavity boundary are a 21 and a 22 , and the two fourth intersection points of the second straight line l2 and the cavity boundary are b 21 and b 22 .

[0105] (b9) Calculate the distance between the two third intersection points to obtain the total length Δx2, and calculate the distance between the two fourth intersection points to obtain the total width Δy2;

[0106] (b10) Determine whether the absolute value of the difference between the total length Δx2 and the total width Δy2 is greater than the product of the total length Δx2 and the preset ratio value;

[0107] If not, it is determined that the cross-section is not circular and the cavity is an irregular shape, and step (b6) is executed. If so, it is determined that the cross-section is close to circular and the cavity is a shape close to a sphere or an ellipsoid, and a regular shape can be installed to calculate the volume, then step (b11) is executed.

[0108] (b11) Obtain the central cavity height Δz corresponding to the central position of the cavity;

[0109] Specifically, if the corresponding cavity height already exists at the central position, this cavity height is used as the central cavity height Δz. If the corresponding cavity height does not exist at the central position, the method for obtaining the central cavity height Δz is as follows: calculate the average value of the total lengths Δx1 and Δx2 to obtain the average length, calculate the product of the average length and the target ratio value to obtain the unit circle radius. For example, if the target ratio value is 0.1, draw a horizontal circle with the central position of the cavity as the center and the unit circle radius as the radius, obtain the known cavity heights within this horizontal circle and calculate the average value, which is used as the central cavity height Δz.

[0110] (b12) Calculate the cavity volume according to the total length Δx1, the total width Δy1, the total length Δx2, the total width Δy2, and the central cavity height Δz.

[0111] The specific calculation formula for the cavity volume is as follows:

[0112]

[0113] where V is the cavity volume.

[0114] The advantage of such calculation is that, compared with the discrete summation method, using the calculation formula can calculate the cavity volume efficiently and quickly, and the obtained cavity volume is very approximate to the actual volume.

[0115] In this embodiment, by judging the regularity of the cavity model, only when the cavity model is irregular, the discrete summation method is used to calculate the cavity volume. When the shape of the cavity model is close to a sphere or an ellipsoid, the formula is used for calculation, which can calculate the cavity volume more efficiently and quickly and improve the operation efficiency.

[0116] Corresponding to the engineering cavity detection and grouting method of the present invention, the present invention also provides an engineering cavity detection and grouting device. Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of an engineering cavity detection and grouting device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 7 shown, the engineering cavity detection and grouting device includes:

[0117] A detection point coordinate setting module 601, configured to set detection point coordinates according to the position points where the cavity is located. The detection points are located on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the cavity includes at least one of water and air;

[0118] A standard thickness detection module 602, configured to detect the overlying layer of each of the detection point coordinates through a preset measuring tool to obtain the standard thickness of the overlying layer. The overlying layer is at least one geological layer, and the types of the geological layer include water layer and air layer;

[0119] The muon data acquisition module 603 is used to detect the top and bottom of the overlying layer of the detection point coordinates through a muon detector to obtain muon data, where the muon data includes the incident muon flux corresponding to the top and the received muon flux corresponding to the bottom;

[0120] The cavity height calculation module 604 is used to calculate the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates according to the standard thickness, the muon data, and the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer, where the material parameters include the attenuation coefficient and the density;

[0121] The cavity volume calculation module 605 is used to calculate the cavity volume according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height;

[0122] The grouting module 606 is used to grout the cavity according to the cavity volume.

[0123] Optionally, the cavity height calculation module 604 includes:

[0124] The thickness setting sub-module is used to construct the thickness d of each layer of the geological layer i , where i is a positive integer less than or equal to 4;

[0125] The muon attenuation expression construction sub-module is used to construct a muon attenuation expression according to the muon data, the number of geological layers, the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer, and the thickness d i ;

[0126] The thickness expression construction sub-module is used to construct a thickness expression according to the standard thickness and the thickness d of each layer of the geological layer i ;

[0127] The thickness solving sub-module is used to solve the muon attenuation expression and the thickness expression simultaneously to determine the actual value of the thickness d i ;

[0128] The cavity height calculation module is used to use the sum of the thicknesses d corresponding to the air layer and the water layer as the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates. i

[0129] Optionally, the muon attenuation expression is:

[0130]

[0131] Where I0 is the incident muon flux, I is the received muon flux, n is the total number of geological layers, and μ i , ρ i , d i are the attenuation coefficient, density, and thickness of the i-th layer of the geological layer, respectively.

[0132] Optionally, the cavity volume calculation module 605 includes:

[0133] A model establishment sub-module for establishing a three-dimensional model of the cavity based on the detection point coordinates and the cavity height, and determining the center position of the cavity;

[0134] A measurement axis setting sub-module for setting a measurement axis, where the measurement axis includes an axis point and a first straight line and a second straight line passing through the axis point and perpendicular to each other, and the first straight line and the second straight line are parallel to the horizontal plane;

[0135] A first measurement point setting sub-module for setting the axis point of the measurement axis at the center position of the cavity, determining two first intersection points of the first straight line and the cavity boundary, and determining two second intersection points of the second straight line and the cavity boundary;

[0136] A first measurement sub-module for calculating the distance between the two first intersection points to obtain a total length Δx1, and calculating the two second intersection points to obtain a total width Δy1;

[0137] A first judgment sub-module for judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the total length Δx1 and the total width Δy1 is greater than the product of the total length Δx1 and a preset ratio value, where the preset ratio value is less than 0.5; if not, then execute the content of the discretization calculation sub-module, if so, then execute the content of the second measurement point setting sub-module;

[0138] A discretization calculation sub-module for dividing the cavity model into discrete grids based on the discretization method and calculating the total volume of the grids to obtain the cavity volume;

[0139] A second measurement point setting sub-module for respectively rotating the first straight line and the second straight line around the center position by a preset angle, where the preset angle is greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 150°; determining two third intersection points of the first straight line and the cavity boundary, and determining two fourth intersection points of the second straight line and the cavity boundary;

[0140] A second measurement sub-module for calculating the distance between the two third intersection points to obtain a total length Δx2, and calculating the distance between the two fourth intersection points to obtain a total width Δy2;

[0141] A second judgment sub-module for judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the total length Δx2 and the total width Δy2 is greater than the product of the total length Δx2 and the preset ratio value; if not, then execute the content of the discretization calculation sub-module, if so, then execute the content of the central cavity height measurement sub-module;

[0142] A central cavity height measurement sub-module for obtaining the central cavity height Δz corresponding to the center position of the cavity;

[0143] A cavity volume calculation sub-module for calculating the cavity volume based on the total length Δx1, the total width Δy1, the total length Δx2, the total width Δy2, and the central cavity height Δz.

[0144] Optionally, in the cavity volume calculation sub-module, the calculation formula for the cavity volume is:

[0145]

[0146] where V is the cavity volume.

[0147] Optionally, the discretization calculation sub-module includes:

[0148] A mesh division unit for dividing the projection of the cavity on the horizontal plane into multiple meshes;

[0149] An area and height calculation unit for calculating the horizontal area ΔS of each mesh, n and calculating the average value of all known cavity heights within the mesh to obtain the average height ΔZ. n ;

[0150] A spatial unit volume calculation unit for calculating the product of the horizontal area ΔS n and the average height ΔZ n to obtain the spatial unit volume of the mesh;

[0151] A cavity volume calculation unit for summing up the spatial unit volumes of all the meshes to obtain the cavity volume.

[0152] Optionally, the grouting module 606 includes:

[0153] A foaming ratio acquisition sub-module for acquiring the foaming ratio of the grouting material;

[0154] A grouting quality calculation sub-module for calculating the grouting quality of the grouting material based on the cavity volume and the foaming ratio;

[0155] A grouting sub-module for preparing the slurry according to the grouting quality and grouting the cavity.

[0156] The engineering cavity detection and grouting device provided by the embodiments of the present invention can execute the engineering cavity detection and grouting method provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method.

[0157] Figure 8FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 40 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0158] As Figure 8 shown, the electronic device 40 includes at least one processor 41 and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 41, such as read-only memory (ROM) 42, random access memory (RAM) 43, etc. The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor. The processor 41 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 42 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 48 into the random access memory (RAM) 43. In the RAM 43, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 40 can also be stored. The processor 41, the ROM 42, and the RAM 43 are connected to each other via a bus 44. The input / output (I / O) interface 45 is also connected to the bus 44.

[0159] Multiple components in the electronic device 40 are connected to the I / O interface 45, including: an input unit 46, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 47, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 48, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 49, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 49 allows the electronic device 40 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0160] The processor 41 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 41 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 41 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the engineering cavity detection and grouting method.

[0161] In some embodiments, the engineering cavity detection and grouting method can be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 48. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 40 via the ROM 42 and / or the communication unit 49. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 43 and executed by the processor 41, one or more steps of the engineering cavity detection and grouting method described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 41 can be configured to perform the engineering cavity detection and grouting method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0162] The various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above in this document can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), application-specific standard products (ASSP), systems-on-a-chip (SOC), complex programmable logic devices (CPLD), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit the data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0163] The computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer programs are executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer programs can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0164] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of the machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0165] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices can also be used to provide for interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, speech input, or tactile input).

[0166] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which the user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0167] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally far from each other and usually interact via a communication network. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or a cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system, solving the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability existing in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0168] It should be understood that various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and no limitation is made herein.

[0169] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engineering cavity detection and grouting method, characterized in that, Including: Setting the detection point coordinates according to the position points of the cavities, where the detection points are located on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the cavities include at least one of water and air; For each of the detection point coordinates, detecting the overlying layer of the detection point coordinates through a preset measuring tool to obtain the standard thickness of the overlying layer, where the overlying layer includes at least one geological layer, and the types of the geological layers include water layers and air layers; Detecting the top and bottom of the overlying layer of the detection point coordinates through a muon detector to obtain muon data, where the muon data includes the incident muon flux corresponding to the top and the received muon flux corresponding to the bottom; Calculating the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates according to the standard thickness, the muon data, and the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer, where the material parameters include attenuation coefficient and density; Calculating the cavity volume according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height; Grouting the cavity according to the cavity volume.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculating the cavity height corresponding to the detection point coordinates according to the standard thickness, the muon data, and the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer includes: Construct the thickness d of each layer of the geological formation i , where i is a positive integer less than or equal to 4; Based on the muon data, the number of geological layers, the material parameters corresponding to the geological layers, and the thickness d i Construct a muon attenuation expression; Based on the standard thickness and the thickness d of each geological layer i Construct a thickness expression; Solve the muon decay expression and the thickness expression simultaneously to determine the actual value of the thickness d i ; Take the sum of the thicknesses d corresponding to the air layer and the water layer i as the cavity height corresponding to the coordinates of the detection point.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The muon attenuation expression is: where I0 is the incident muon flux, I is the received muon flux, n is the total number of geological layers, and μ i , ρ i , d i are the attenuation coefficient, density, and thickness of the i-th geological layer, respectively.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The calculating the cavity volume according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height includes: Establishing a three-dimensional model of the cavity according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height, and determining the central position of the cavity; Setting a measurement axis, where the measurement axis includes an axis point and a first straight line and a second straight line passing through the axis point and perpendicular to each other, and the first straight line and the second straight line are parallel to the horizontal plane; Setting the axis point of the measurement axis at the central position of the cavity, determining two first intersections of the first straight line and the cavity boundary, and determining two second intersections of the second straight line and the cavity boundary; Calculating the distance between the two first intersections to obtain the total length Δx1, and calculating the two second intersections to obtain the total width Δy1; Judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the total length Δx1 and the total width Δy1 is greater than the product of the total length Δx1 and a preset ratio value, where the preset ratio value is less than 0.5; If not, dividing the cavity model into discrete grids based on the discretization method and calculating the total volume of the grids to obtain the cavity volume; If so, respectively rotating the first straight line and the second straight line around the central position by a preset angle, where the preset angle is greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 150°; Determining two third intersections of the first straight line and the cavity boundary, and determining two fourth intersections of the second straight line and the cavity boundary; Calculating the distance between the two third intersections to obtain the total length Δx2, and calculating the distance between the two fourth intersections to obtain the total width Δy2; Judging whether the absolute value of the difference between the total length Δx2 and the total width Δy2 is greater than the product of the total length Δx2 and the preset ratio value; If not, calculating the cavity volume by the integration method; If so, obtaining the central cavity height Δz corresponding to the central position of the cavity; Calculating the cavity volume according to the total length Δx1, the total width Δy1, the total length Δx2, the total width Δy2, and the central cavity height Δz.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When calculating the cavity volume based on the total length Δx1, total width Δy1, total length Δx2, total width Δy2, and central cavity height Δz, the calculation formula for the cavity volume is as follows: Where V is the cavity volume.

6. The method according to claim 4, wherein The method of dividing the cavity model into discrete grids based on the discretization method and calculating the total volume of the grids to obtain the cavity volume includes: Dividing the projection of the cavity on the horizontal plane into multiple grids; For each of the grids, calculate the horizontal area ΔS of each of the grids n , and calculate the average value of all known cavity heights within the grid to obtain the average height ΔZ n ; Calculate the horizontal area ΔS n and multiply it by the average height ΔZ n to obtain the spatial unit volume of the grid; Summing the spatial unit volumes of all the grids to obtain the cavity volume.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method of grouting the cavity according to the cavity volume includes: Obtaining the foaming rate of the grouting material; Calculating the grouting mass of the grouting material based on the cavity volume and the foaming rate; Preparing the slurry according to the grouting mass and grouting the cavity.

8. An engineering cavity detection and grouting device, characterized in that, Including: A detection point coordinate setting module, configured to set the detection point coordinates according to the position points where the cavity is located. The detection points are located on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the cavity includes at least one of water and air; A standard thickness detection module, configured to detect the overlying layer of each detection point coordinate through a preset measuring tool to obtain the standard thickness of the overlying layer. The overlying layer includes at least one geological layer, and the types of the geological layers include water layers and air layers; A muon data acquisition module, configured to detect the top and bottom of the overlying layer of each detection point coordinate through a muon detector to obtain muon data. The muon data includes the incident muon flux corresponding to the top and the received muon flux corresponding to the bottom; A cavity height calculation module, configured to calculate the cavity height corresponding to each detection point coordinate according to the standard thickness, the muon data, and the material parameters corresponding to the geological layer. The material parameters include the attenuation coefficient and the density; A cavity volume calculation module, configured to calculate the cavity volume according to the detection point coordinates and the cavity height; A grouting module, configured to grout the cavity according to the cavity volume.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor. When the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor is enabled to execute the engineering cavity detection and grouting method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a processor to execute the engineering cavity detection and grouting method according to any one of claims 1-7 when executed.

Images