Phase control optical switch based on Lieb lattice photonic crystal

Abstract

The invention discloses a phase control optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal. The switch comprises an excitation source, a mode generation cavity and a sensor, and a shell of the mode generation cavity is of a closed structure formed by wrapping upper, lower and peripheral metal sheets; a medium column and metal column combined array structure is arranged at the lower part in the mode generation cavity, the arrangement mode of the medium columns is a Lieb lattice structure, and the metal columns are arranged in the center next to the Lieb lattice; the excitation source and the sensor are arranged at the upper part in the mode generation cavity; the excitation source is used for generating same-phase and opposite-phase excitation signals with the same frequency; the sensor is used for receiving electric field intensity. When the excitation source excites with the same frequency, the same phase and the opposite phase, the mode generation cavity can generate two completely different excitation modes, and the sensor can be in a light sensing state and a light non-sensing state, so that a switch which is completely driven by light is realized. The invention has the advantages of simple design, low cost, easy popularization and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical devices, and more specifically to a design of an artificial microstructural optical device structure that realizes selective excitation based on strong localized modes in an optical flat band. Background Art

[0002] Optical switches are widely used in fields such as optical communication networks, data center networks, and optical instruments, providing important support for high-speed transmission and large-capacity data communication. An optical switch is a device that can control the optical transmission path through an optical signal, and is usually used to realize the switching and connection of optical paths in an optical network. In recent years, with the development of optical communication technology, optical switch technology has also been continuously innovated. Currently, the main optical switch technologies include mechanical optical switches, electrical optical switches, and optical optical switches, etc. The future development direction of optical switch technology includes aspects such as improving integration, reducing power consumption, enhancing reliability, and fast response speed.

[0003] Currently, there are already some technologies that use microstructures to realize optical switches, such as optical switches based on photonic crystals, silicon-based integrated optical platforms, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. These technologies usually use microscale structures (such as periodically arranged micro-nano structures, slot lines, waveguide couplers, etc.) to control the propagation path of light, thereby realizing the switching function. For example:

[0004] Photonic crystal optical switch: By designing a periodically arranged dielectric or metal structure to form a bandgap and control the propagation of light. Such devices can achieve a relatively high degree of integration, but are limited in terms of optical coupling, defect tolerance, and controllability.

[0005] MEMS optical switch: Although the core is mechanical movement, fine microstructural components are often formed in the structure using microfabrication technology. Such devices have their own advantages and disadvantages in terms of response speed and stability.

[0006] Silicon-based integrated optical switch: Waveguides, couplers, and other components made using silicon-based micro-nano fabrication technology are used to realize optical path switching through temperature, electro-optic effect, or nonlinear effect. Such devices can often be highly integrated with other optoelectronic devices, but may face technical bottlenecks when achieving the balance between low optical loss and fast response.

[0007] The above-mentioned various microstructural optical switches all rely on precise structure design and manufacturing processes. Their advantages lie in being able to achieve a relatively high degree of integration and partially optimized control effects, but there are also some common problems:

[0008] (1) Optical loss. In practical applications, since the microstructural size is very close to the optical wavelength, the imperfections or edge effects of the structure are likely to cause scattering and diffraction, thus bringing additional optical loss. Especially when using a photonic crystal structure, defects or manufacturing tolerance problems will cause unwanted scattering outside the bandgap region. And the coupling efficiency between the optical input and output of the microstructural optical switch is often limited by the mode matching problem, resulting in the loss of optical energy transmission.

[0009] (2) Response speed and dynamic regulation challenges. Limitations in regulation methods: Some microstructural switches rely on the thermo-optical effect or mechanical movement, and these methods have certain delays in response speed. Even in the all-optical control design scheme, it may not be able to meet the requirements of high-speed communication and data transmission due to the lack of flexibility in the inherent mode switching mechanism. Lack of dynamic regulation space: Some microstructural designs can only provide limited regulation states and are difficult to achieve multi-state or programmable fine regulation.

[0010] (3) Manufacturing cost and process complexity. High-precision manufacturing requirements: Micro-nano scale structures have very high requirements for processing accuracy, which will lead to an increase in equipment investment and process complexity during manufacturing, thereby increasing costs. Repeatability and consistency issues: In large-scale manufacturing, small deviations in microstructures may lead to batch-to-batch differences in device performance, reducing the overall reliability of the system.

[0011] (4) Integration and stability issues. Limitations in structural integration: Although microstructuring helps to achieve high integration, overly complex structural designs may introduce interference during the integration process, limiting the stable operation of the entire system in a compact space. Insufficient environmental resistance: In some extreme environments, micro-nano structures are easily affected by factors such as temperature and humidity, resulting in uncontrollable performance deviations. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Aiming at the defects existing in the above prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an artificial microstructural optical switch capable of achieving the same-frequency phase control.

[0013] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0014] A phase control optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal, comprising an excitation source, a mode generating cavity and a sensor. The outer shell of the mode generating cavity is a sealed structure formed by wrapping metal sheets on the top, bottom and around. Below the interior of the mode generating cavity, there is an array structure composed of dielectric columns and metal columns. The arrangement of the dielectric columns is in a Lieb lattice structure, and the metal columns are arranged at the centers of the next-nearest neighbors of the Lieb lattice. The excitation source and the sensor are arranged above the interior of the mode generating cavity. The excitation source is used to generate in-phase and anti-phase excitation signals with the same frequency. The sensor is used to receive the electric field intensity.

[0015] Furthermore, two excitation sources are adopted and are used to simultaneously generate excitation signals with the same frequency and in-phase and anti-phase.

[0016] Furthermore, the two excitation sources are symmetrically located near two different minority sub-lattice grid points at the center of the array structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the dielectric pillars on the Lieb lattice structure have a dielectric constant difference.

[0018] Furthermore, the dielectric constants of the dielectric pillars on the majority sub-lattice grid points at the center position of the Lieb lattice structure, the dielectric pillars on the majority sub-lattice grid points at other positions, and the dielectric pillars on all minority sub-lattice grid points are different.

[0019] Furthermore, the dielectric pillars on the majority sub-lattice grid points at the center position of the Lieb lattice structure refer to the dielectric pillars on the four majority sub-lattice grid points at the center, or refer to the dielectric pillars on the majority sub-lattice grid points on the central horizontal or vertical lines.

[0020] Furthermore, the dielectric constant of the dielectric pillars on all minority sub-lattice grid points is greater than the dielectric constant of the dielectric pillars on the majority sub-lattice grid points at the center position, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric pillars on the majority sub-lattice grid points at the center position is greater than the dielectric constant of the dielectric pillars on the majority sub-lattice grid points at other positions.

[0021] Preferably, the height of the dielectric pillar is 0.9 - 1.1 mm, the diameter of the dielectric pillar is 0.09 - 0.11 mm, and the distance between adjacent dielectric pillars is 2.25 - 2.75 mm.

[0022] Preferably, the metal pillar is cross-shaped.

[0023] Preferably, the metal pillar is formed by the intersection of two metal columns with a length of 0.27 - 0.33 mm, a width of 0.045 - 0.055 mm, and a height of 0.9 - 1.1 mm, and the distance between adjacent metal columns is 2.25 - 2.75 mm.

[0024] The phase control optical switch of the present invention adopts a unique "same-frequency phase control" and "mode generation cavity" design. In terms of the implementation mechanism, at the same optical frequency, the switch function is realized by changing the phase distribution or phase gradient inside the optical field, that is, all the light waves participating in the modulation maintain the same central frequency and only the phase is regulated. Structurally, it adopts a combination of a metal shell and an internal dielectric pillar and metal pillar array, where the dielectric pillars are arranged in the Lieb lattice, which naturally has a non-dispersive strong local flat band mode. This design can not only effectively control the propagation path of light, but also reduce environmental interference and scattering loss due to the shielding effect of the metal structure.

[0025] The present invention realizes mode switching by adopting a dual-excitation method: when the excitation sources excite in the same frequency and in-phase and anti-phase respectively, distinct excitation modes (cross-shaped and linear-shaped) can be generated in the mode generating cavity. This controllable conversion of modes enables the sensors connected at the corresponding positions to achieve a clear "light / dark" state switching, thereby realizing all-optical drive. The advantages brought by the all-optical control mechanism are as follows: Since it does not rely on traditional electrical control, the response speed can be greatly improved, and at the same time, the electro-optical conversion loss inside the device is reduced; the structure is simple and easy to mass-produce, reducing the manufacturing cost; the combination of metal and dielectric helps to improve the stability and integration of the device, and has higher promotion potential in practical applications.

[0026] Therefore, compared with the existing micro-structured optical switches, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) Reducing optical loss

[0028] The present invention adopts a metal shell + dielectric column / metal column array microstructure. Through structure shielding and mode matching design, the scattering and mode mismatch losses are greatly reduced; the phase is regulated within the same frequency without involving frequency conversion, thereby reducing the optical loss introduced by conversion; at the same time, the all-optical drive method is adopted, without electro-optical conversion, avoiding the additional loss brought by multiple electro-optical and electro-thermal interventions.

[0029] (2) High response speed

[0030] In the switch structure of the present invention, the thermal control element is abandoned, and the phase difference of the in-phase excitation source with the same frequency is used to quickly switch the interference mode. Without thermal diffusion or mechanical movement, the problem of long response time in traditional electrical control is eliminated, and the optical path conversion can be carried out faster; the excitation-sensor circuit can adopt a low-capacitance and high-bandwidth drive to directly read the light / dark state; at the same time, due to relying on the direct interference mechanism of the light field, the regulation response speed can be greatly improved.

[0031] (3) High extinction ratio and reliability

[0032] The present invention precisely designs the geometric parameters of the microstructure, that is, the dielectric column maintains the geometric array structure of the Lieb lattice, ensuring that the energy difference between the cross / linear two modes formed under the two excitations of "in-phase" and "anti-phase" is extremely large, so that the corresponding on / off states at the sensor end have almost no overlap; the metal shell structure enhances environmental isolation and reduces the influence of temperature and vibration.

[0033] (4) Low-power all-optical control

[0034] The present invention adopts pure optical drive and phase difference excitation, without continuous heating or maintaining a static electric field.

[0035] (5) High integration and stability

[0036] The modular design and all-optical control mode of the present invention enable the switching device to better integrate into the optical communication system and maintain high operational reliability. The method of co-frequency phase regulation eliminates the multi-wavelength or frequency conversion module, simplifies the structure, is conducive to large-scale integration, and improves the stability and consistency of the device.

[0037] (6) Low cost and easy manufacturability

[0038] The metal shell and standardized column array structure of the present invention are conducive to mass production, reducing errors and complexity in the manufacturing process, and enabling low-cost production. In addition, the microstructure array is formed in one step within the metal shell, without the need for multi-layer stacking or heterogeneous material integration; the size can be incorporated into the standard silicon process or printed circuit board (PBC) level packaging. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical switch of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the mode generation cavity of the present invention. Among them, (a1) is the Lieb lattice point structure, where the red lattice points are A lattice points, representing the minority sublattice, and the blue lattice points are B lattice points, representing the majority sublattice. The blue square area represents a primitive cell, which is the smallest unit of the Lieb lattice array, and the red square area represents the lattice point area of a strong localized mode (Compact Localized State, CLS). (a2) is the energy band structure of the Lieb lattice tight-binding model. (b1) is a schematic diagram of a pure dielectric structure Lieb lattice photonic crystal, composed of upper and lower metal plates and a medium column array in the middle. (b2) is the energy band structure of the pure dielectric Lieb lattice. (c1) is a schematic diagram of a metal-dielectric structure Lieb lattice photonic crystal, composed of upper and lower metal plates and a metal-dielectric column array in the middle. (c2) is the energy band structure of the metal-dielectric Lieb lattice.

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of mode formation of the present invention. Among them, (a1) is the linear superposition method of the annular CLS. Three basic CLSs with different spatial positions are superimposed to form a large annular CLS mode. (a2) are the annular CLS mode patterns generated based on the linear superposition method, namely the heart-shaped mode and the boundary ring mode. (b1) is the linear superposition method of the linear CLS. Four basic CLSs with different spatial positions are superimposed to form a transverse linear CLS mode. (b2) are the linear CLS mode patterns generated based on the linear superposition method, namely the cross-linear mode and the s-linear mode.

[0042] Figure 4Schematic diagram of the structural design details of the present invention. (a) shows the finite structure of the original photonic crystal array. (b) shows the finite structure of the photonic crystal array with a ring-shaped CLS mode, where the red, light gray, and dark gray lattice points represent dielectric columns with refractive indices of 2.60, 2.47, and 2.68, respectively. (c) shows the finite structure of the photonic crystal with a linear CLS mode. (d), (e), and (f) show the dispersion relations of the corresponding structures in (a), (b), and (c), respectively. The red asterisk indicates the position of the target CLS mode. The insets in (e) and (f) show the electric field distributions of the target CLS mode.

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the switching effect in the embodiment of the present invention. (a) shows the specific structure of the optical switch, and the yellow asterisk represents the position of the excitation source. (b) shows the dispersion relation of the optical switch structure, the red asterisk is the frequency position of the target mode, and the right figure shows the electric field distributions of the two modes. (c) shows the excitation conditions of different modes under in-phase and anti-phase excitations, and the red asterisk and blue asterisk represent the excitation sources with phases of 0 and π, respectively. (d) shows the in-phase excitation and anti-phase excitation of a large-sized optical switch with a size of 12 * 12 unit cells. Specific implementation manner

[0044] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0045] A phase control optical switch provided in this embodiment is as Figure 1As shown, it includes an excitation source, a mode generation cavity, and a sensor. Among them, the outer shell of the mode generation cavity is a metal structure, which is a closed structure formed by wrapping metal sheets on the top, bottom, and around. Inside the mode generation cavity, there is an array of combined dielectric columns and metal columns, which are embedded in the lower metal sheet. The role of the metal column is to shield the electromagnetic wave coupling on a specific path. In principle, it can be of any shape, such as circular, square, etc. However, in this embodiment, considering that too large geometric dimensions of the metal column will lead to the weakening of the electromagnetic wave coupling of the entire structure, resulting in a significant narrowing of the effective working bandwidth. On the basis of ensuring effective shielding of the specific path coupling, the size of the metal column is reduced as much as possible. Therefore, a relatively compact cross-shaped metal column structure is selected as an example. The specific parameters adopted in this embodiment are: the height of the dielectric column is 1 mm, the diameter of the dielectric column is 0.1 mm, the refractive index of the dielectric column is 2.48, and the spacing between adjacent dielectric columns is 2.5 mm. The cross-shaped metal column array is made of aluminum alloy. Of course, other common metal materials, such as copper, iron, etc., can also be used. The cross-shaped metal column is formed by the intersection of two cubic metal columns with a length of 0.3 mm, a width of 0.05 mm, and a height of 1 mm. The spacing between adjacent cross-shaped metal columns is 2.5 mm, and the thickness of the metal sheets on the top, bottom, and around is 0.5 mm. The material of the thin sheet can be gold, aluminum, copper, etc. It should be noted that the geometric dimensions of the dielectric column and the metal column can be scaled up or down proportionally, which will not affect the effect of high-quality mode selection excitation. This is determined by the properties of the photonic crystal, and the only impact is the frequency shift. Considering the limitations of the processing technology, in this embodiment, the diameter / width of the dielectric column and the metal column is selected to be on the order of 0.1 mm. Although the actual structure is scaled down proportionally to the micron scale, it still has the same effect, but the processing difficulty is higher, and the frequency moves from the GHz order of magnitude to the THz order of magnitude. Similarly, the geometric parameters of the dielectric column and the metal column will not affect the excitation effect at the centimeter scale. In addition, the current parameters are the best parameters verified by simulation. A 10% fluctuation in the actual parameters up and down will not affect the specific excitation effect, and this structure has a good error tolerance.

[0046] The length and width of the entire optical switch in this embodiment are 2 cm, and the height is 3 mm. The excitation source and the sensor are embedded in the inner surface of the upper metal sheet of the mode generation cavity, and the specific positions are as Figure 1As shown, the two small red and blue cylinders are excitation sources, fixed on the bottom metal plate, similar to dipole antennas, capable of exciting electromagnetic waves of different frequencies. Specifically, they are located near two different minority sublattice lattice points in the center of the structure and only need to be centrosymmetric about the center of the structure. The sensor is the dark yellow strip area in the middle, used to receive the electric field strength in this area. The number of excitation sources is two. The excitation source can be the excitation source development board with dual RF output ports of LimeSDR Mini v1.2, with an external dimension (L×W×H) of 69mm×31.4mm×5mm (typical PCB thickness), an excitation frequency of 10MHz - 3.5GHz, and the excitation source is externally powered by USB 3.0. When the two excitation sources are excited in the same frequency and in-phase and anti-phase, the mode generation cavity will generate two completely different excitation modes, cross-shaped and linear-shaped. The sensors at the corresponding positions will be in two states of sensing light and not sensing light, thus realizing a switch completely driven by light.

[0047] The arrangement of the dielectric columns inside the mode generation cavity is in the Lieb lattice structure. The metal columns are arranged at the centers of the next-nearest neighbors of the Lieb lattice to restrict the electromagnetic interaction between the dielectric columns. The specific arrangement structure is as shown in Figure 2 (c1) of. The Lieb lattice is a typical lattice with a perfect flat band. Under the condition of only considering the nearest-neighbor interaction, the Lieb lattice has a completely flat energy band and two dispersion bands that are completely symmetric about the flat band, as shown in Figure 2 (a2) of, which is the result of the combined action of bipartite symmetry and chiral symmetry.

[0048] The flat band refers to the completely flat energy band in the Brillouin zone. In the flat band, the wave function has a zero group velocity due to no dispersion, so its eigenmode is a completely non-propagating local mode, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, all kinds of completely local ring-shaped and linear-shaped modes are flat band modes. And because the flat band energies are completely degenerate, various modes can be linearly superposed arbitrarily. Therefore, the flat band modes of the Lieb lattice have the characteristic of being arbitrarily designable. Figure 3 (a2) and (b2) of show the ring-shaped and linear-shaped modes with high locality constructed based on the flat band modes under different boundary conditions.

[0049] For dielectric photonic crystals, the equivalent potential energy corresponds to the dielectric constant. Therefore, the frequency of a specific mode can be adjusted by adjusting the dielectric constant of the corresponding dielectric column (or changing the geometric size of the dielectric column). Since changing the geometric size is usually not conducive to engineering design, in this embodiment, the method of adjusting the dielectric constant is adopted to control this degree of freedom. Try to modify the dielectric constant of a specific lattice point. By introducing a slight perturbation to the on-site potential term, a specific linear combination of the desired CLS mode can be achieved. The specific implementation method is as shown in Figure 4As shown, by setting the refractive index of the dielectric column at the red lattice points to 2.60, the refractive index of the light gray lattice points to 2.48, and the dielectric constant of the dark gray dielectric column to 2.68, and observing its eigenmode, a ring-shaped or linear localized mode with good single-mode characteristics can be observed. It should be noted that in order to achieve good flat-band CLS mode excitation and detection, this structure first needs to satisfy a strict Lieb lattice structure. For the refractive index requirements, there needs to be a certain dielectric constant difference among the light gray lattice points, red lattice points, and dark gray lattice points. The specific value of the dielectric constant will not directly affect the excitation effect, but only cause a frequency shift. If the refractive index range of the light gray lattice points is 2.45 - 2.55, then the refractive index range of the red lattice points is preferably 2.55 - 2.65, and the refractive index of the dark gray lattice points is 2.65 - 2.75. This can ensure that the flat-band CLS mode can be effectively excited while maintaining a sufficiently large bandgap width, facilitating the reception and measurement of the sensor.

[0050] Due to the inherent precise spatial symmetry of the flat-band CLS mode, using this characteristic, target light excitation controlled by the phase of the excitation source can be achieved at the same frequency. The excitation source in this embodiment uses a dual-port excitation source that can achieve two outputs of in-phase and anti-phase. As mentioned before, by changing the refractive index of most sub-lattices at the central cross position of the Lieb lattice array (see the red lattice point position in (a) of Figure 5 ), changing it from 2.48 to 2.6, and then analyzing their eigenstates, the horizontal, vertical, and cross-shaped CLS mode profiles located within the bandgap are determined, as shown in (b) of Figure 5 ). By examining the two nearest majority sub-lattices A and B to the center of the structure, it is revealed that for the horizontal and vertical modes, the phases of A and B are anti-phase, while for the cross-shaped CLS mode, due to the different compositions of different CLS modes, the phases at A and B are in-phase, as shown in (b) of Figure 5 ). By placing two excitation sources near the A and B sub-lattices, and selecting the excitation frequency of the excitation source as 10.32 GHz, when these sources are in the same phase, the cross-shaped mode is activated while the vertical mode is completely suppressed; on the contrary, when the phases of the excitation sources are different, the situation is reversed, as shown in (c) of Figure 5 ). An extended large-scale selective excitation structure with 12 primitive cell sizes in both length and width is further designed, where the selective excitation of the mode is still very obvious. As shown in (d) of Figure 5 ), the local and uniform characteristics of these modes are well preserved. This orderly design method helps to achieve distinguishable mode excitation completely controlled by the phase of the excitation source at the same frequency, providing a promising progress for the configuration of devices such as optical switches.

[0051] In summary, although there are currently optical switches implemented using microstructures (such as photonic crystals, MEMS, and silicon-based integrated optical switches, etc.) that have to some extent solved the problems of optical path switching and signal regulation, there are still obvious bottlenecks in terms of optical loss, response speed, manufacturing cost, and integration. Relatively speaking, the present invention uses the design of same-frequency phase control to generate two completely different excitation modes through the different phase regulation of the excitation source, thereby realizing all-optical drive switch control, which not only effectively reduces optical loss but also improves the response speed, and at the same time has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, and easy integration.

[0052] Only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration. Without doubt, for those of ordinary skill in the art, various different ways can be used to modify the described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phase-controlled optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal, comprising an excitation source, a mode generation cavity, and a sensor, characterized in that, The mode generation cavity housing is a closed structure formed by wrapping with metal sheets on the top, bottom, and around; below the interior of the mode generation cavity, there is a combined array structure of dielectric columns and metal columns. The arrangement of the dielectric columns is a Lieb lattice structure, and the metal columns are arranged at the centers of the next-nearest neighbors of the Lieb lattice; the excitation source and the sensor are arranged above the interior of the mode generation cavity; the excitation source is used to generate excitation signals with the same frequency, same phase, and opposite phase; the sensor is used to receive the electric field strength.

2. The phase control optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 1, wherein Two excitation sources are adopted and are used to generate excitation signals with the same frequency, same phase, and opposite phase simultaneously.

3. The phase-controlled optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two excitation sources are symmetrically located near two different minority sub-lattice lattice points at the center of the array structure.

4. The phase control optical switch based on Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 1, wherein The dielectric columns on the Lieb lattice structure have a difference in dielectric constant.

5. The phase control optical switch based on the Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 4, wherein, The dielectric constants of the dielectric columns at the majority sub-lattice lattice points at the center position of the Lieb lattice structure, the dielectric columns at the majority sub-lattice lattice points at the remaining positions, and the dielectric columns at all minority sub-lattice lattice points are different.

6. The phase control optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 4, characterized in that The dielectric columns at the majority sub-lattice lattice points at the center position of the Lieb lattice structure refer to the dielectric columns at the four majority sub-lattice lattice points at the center, or refer to the dielectric columns at the majority sub-lattice lattice points on the central horizontal or vertical line.

7. The phase-controlled optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dielectric constant of the dielectric columns at all minority sub-lattice lattice points is greater than the dielectric constant of the dielectric columns at the majority sub-lattice lattice points at the center position, and the dielectric constant of the dielectric columns at the majority sub-lattice lattice points at the center position is greater than the dielectric constant of the dielectric columns at the majority sub-lattice lattice points at the remaining positions.

8. The phase control optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the dielectric columns is 0.9 - 1.1 mm, the diameter of the dielectric columns is 0.09 - 0.11 mm, and the spacing between adjacent dielectric columns is 2.25 - 2.75 mm.

9. The phase control optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal column is in a cross shape.

10. A phase-controlled optical switch based on a Lieb lattice photonic crystal according to claim 9, characterized in that, The metal column is formed by the intersection of two metal columns with a length of 0.27 - 0.33 mm, a width of 0.045 - 0.055 mm, and a height of 0.9 - 1.1 mm, and the spacing between adjacent metal columns is 2.25 - 2.75 mm.

Images