A detection method and device for identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units by comparing parameters

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of nuclear power safety protection technology, and aims to solve the problem that the unit parameters deviate from normal operation but do not deteriorate further, making it difficult to detect equipment abnormalities. This application discloses a detection method and device for identifying nuclear power unit abnormalities through parameter comparison. This method selects a comparison database based on seawater temperature and the power platform where the unit is located, calculates the upper and lower limits of parameter historical data and the alarm threshold, monitors the steady state of the unit operation, compares the real-time data with the selected comparison database, obtains the real-time operation data of two nuclear power units of the same model, confirms that both units are in steady-state operation, compares the real-time difference of all the same parameters one by one, and triggers an abnormal alarm if the difference exceeds 10% of the instrument range; the device includes a threshold update confirmation module, a threshold modification module, an update comparison database threshold module, and a nuclear power unit steady-state judgment module. This application can timely and accurately identify parameter abnormalities during the operation and shutdown of nuclear power unit equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of nuclear power safety protection technology, and in particular relates to a detection method and device for identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units through parameter comparison. Background Art

[0002] The operation of a nuclear power unit is a large and complex project that combines multiple disciplines and professions. During operation, the unit needs to monitor hundreds of systems and process millions of data and information. High-quality parameter monitoring is an important basic factor in ensuring nuclear safety.

[0003] When nuclear power plant equipment experiences an anomaly, it's typically accompanied by corresponding parameter changes. However, nuclear power plant operators need to monitor a large number of systems and parameters, making it impossible to constantly monitor parameter changes. Abnormal equipment operation can lead to unintended protective actions, such as load shedding, shutdown, or reactor outage. Therefore, timely detection of parameter anomalies and identification of faulty equipment are crucial to the stable operation of nuclear power plants.

[0004] At present, the detection of abnormal conditions during the operation of nuclear power units mainly relies on the alarm information of the DCS system. The corresponding alarm will only be triggered when a single measurement value or the combination of multiple measurement values ​​reaches the corresponding threshold. The ability to identify abnormal changes in unit parameters that do not exceed the alarm threshold is poor, and some parameters do not have alarm thresholds set, making equipment abnormalities even more difficult to detect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a detection method and device for identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units through parameter comparison, so as to solve the problem that the unit parameters deviate from normal operation but do not deteriorate further, making it difficult to detect equipment abnormalities. By comparing the real-time data of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database, as well as the real-time data comparison between units of the same model, parameter abnormalities during the operation and shutdown of the nuclear power unit equipment can be identified in a timely and accurate manner.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters, comprising:

[0008] Step 1: Determine the operating power platform. Develop a comparison database based on the seawater temperature and the power platform the unit is in. Calculate the upper and lower limits of historical parameter data and alarm thresholds. After monitoring the unit's steady-state operation, compare the real-time data with the selected comparison database. If a parameter exceeds the alarm limit or breaks through the historical extreme value, an abnormal alarm will be triggered.

[0009] Step 2: Obtain real-time operating data from two nuclear power units of the same model, confirm that both units are in steady-state operation, and compare the real-time differences of all identical parameters one by one. If the difference exceeds 10% of the instrument range, an abnormal alarm is triggered.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present application, step 1 includes:

[0011] Step 1.1: Determine the power comparison platform for nuclear power units;

[0012] Step 1.2: Determine the factors related to the comparison database for unit parameter comparison, and select the comparison database based on the seawater temperature and the power platform of the unit;

[0013] Step 1.3: Develop the aforementioned comparison database: Obtain historical data on unit parameters and use the value-taking method to obtain a comparison database of different seawater temperatures for each power platform;

[0014] Step 1.4: Obtain the actual operating data of the current nuclear power unit to determine whether the unit is in a steady state;

[0015] Step 1.5: If the unit is operating in a steady state, a comparison database is selected based on the seawater temperature and the power platform the unit is operating on. The actual operating data of the nuclear power unit is compared with the comparison database to determine whether any parameters are abnormal. The comparison database contains the upper and lower alarm limits of each unit parameter and the upper and lower limits of historical data.

[0016] Step 1.6: When the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower alarm limits of the comparison database, an alarm indicating that the equipment parameters deviate from normal operation is issued to alert the nuclear power operator;

[0017] Step 1.7: When the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower limits of the historical data in the comparison database, an abnormal alarm is issued to remind the nuclear power operator that the equipment defect has further deteriorated.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present application, in step 1.1, based on the power comparison platform of the nuclear power unit, power platforms A, B, C, D, and E are selected.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present application, the power comparison platform of the nuclear power unit takes 100% FP, 77% FP, 50% FP, 15% FP, and 8% FP power platforms, which correspond to the above-mentioned A, B, C, D, and E power platforms respectively.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present application, in step 1.2, three comparison databases are prepared, including:

[0021] Comparison database 1: seawater temperature <15°C;

[0022] Comparison database 2: 15℃≤seawater temperature≤25℃;

[0023] Comparison database three: sea water temperature > 25°C.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present application, in step 1.3, a normal distribution 3δ value method is used to obtain a comparison database of different seawater temperatures at each power platform.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present application, in step 1.5, the actual parameters of the nuclear power unit are compared with a comparison database of the same unit, or with a comparison database of other units of the same model.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present application, step 2 includes:

[0027] Step 2.1: Obtain the actual operating data of the current nuclear power unit and the nuclear power unit of the same model to be compared, and determine whether the unit is in a steady state of operation; for example, the units involved in the comparison are both M310 operating units, or the units involved in the comparison are both Hualong One operating units;

[0028] Step 2.2: If both nuclear power units of the same model are operating in a steady state, compare all the same parameters of the two nuclear power units to determine whether any abnormalities are found.

[0029] Step 2.3: When the difference in parameters between the two nuclear power units exceeds 10% of the parameter instrument range, an abnormal alarm is issued to alert nuclear power operation personnel.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present application, in step 2.2, whether an abnormality occurs is determined by the parameter difference.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application provides a detection device for identifying anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters, comprising:

[0032] The threshold update confirmation module is used by the nuclear power unit operator to update the upper and lower limit values ​​of the corresponding alarm threshold in the comparison database if the alarm is judged to be non-abnormal and the parameters are still normal after the parameter comparison issues an abnormal alarm;

[0033] The threshold modification module is used by nuclear power unit operators to modify the upper and lower thresholds of each parameter alarm threshold in the comparison database;

[0034] Update the comparison database threshold module, which is used to re-acquire the comparison database based on the normal distribution 3δ value method after the nuclear power unit undergoes a new fuel cycle, combined with the parameter operation data of the previous fuel cycle;

[0035] The nuclear power unit steady-state judgment module is used to judge whether the nuclear power unit is in a stable operating state to determine whether parameter comparison can be initiated.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores computer-readable instructions, and when the processor executes the computer-readable instructions, the above-mentioned detection method for identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units through parameter comparison is implemented.

[0037] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-readable instructions are stored. When the computer-readable instructions are executed, the above-mentioned detection method for identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units through parameter comparison is implemented.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the detection method and device for identifying nuclear power unit anomalies through parameter comparison provided by this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0039] This application uses technical means to compare the real-time data of nuclear power units with a comparison database to discover that the unit parameters deviate from the historical operating range. It generates an early warning when the equipment performance declines but no equipment damage defects occur, prompting the operating personnel to pay attention to the equipment and intervene.

[0040] This application uses the technical means of real-time parameter comparison between nuclear power units of the same model to discover differences between unit operating parameters, facilitate the discovery of performance degradation and equipment defects of hidden equipment in the units, and prompt operating personnel to pay attention to the equipment and intervene.

[0041] This application uses the above-mentioned parameter comparison technical means to achieve the technical effect of reducing the probability of nuclear power unit shutdown and load shedding events, increasing equipment reliability, and reducing corporate losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the technical description.

[0043] Figure 1 A flow chart of a detection method for identifying anomalies in a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 2 A flowchart for comparing the real-time data of a nuclear power plant with a comparison database provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 3 A flowchart for comparing real-time data between nuclear power units of the same model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a detection device for identifying abnormalities in a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the parameter comparison function module provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Description of reference numerals:

[0050] 10. Electronic device; 110. Processor; 120. Memory. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following is further explained in detail through specific implementation methods.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present embodiment provides a method for detecting anomalies in nuclear power units through parameter comparison, including comparing the real-time data of the nuclear power unit with a comparison database, and comparing the real-time data between nuclear power units of the same model. The above two comparison functions are implemented through manual selection, and only one comparison is performed at a time. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Determine the operating power platforms (A, B, C, D, E) and develop a comparison database based on seawater temperature (<15°C, 15-25°C, >25°C). Use the normal distribution 3δ method to calculate the upper and lower limits of historical parameter data and the upper and lower alarm limits. After monitoring the unit's steady-state operation, compare the real-time data with the selected comparison database. If a parameter exceeds the upper or lower alarm limit or breaks through the upper or lower limit of historical data, an abnormal alarm is triggered, indicating that the equipment parameter is at risk of deviating from normal operation or that the equipment parameter is beginning to deteriorate.

[0054] Step 2: Obtain real-time operating data from two nuclear power units of the same model to confirm that both units are in steady-state operation; compare the real-time difference between all the same parameters of the two units one by one. If the difference exceeds 10% of the instrument range (after excluding dynamic processes), an abnormal alarm is triggered, prompting the operating personnel to check the equipment status or potential defects to ensure timely intervention in parameter abnormalities.

[0055] In one embodiment, comparing the real-time data of a nuclear power plant with the historical data in a database includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1.1: Determine the power comparison platforms for the nuclear power units. Operating parameters for nuclear power units vary under different power platforms. Based on the normal operating conditions of the nuclear power units, select power platforms A, B, C, D, and E. These platforms are determined based on the type of nuclear power unit. The specific number and power size of the power platforms should be determined based on the design documents and unit control regulations.

[0057] Step 1.2: Determine the factors associated with the comparison database for unit parameter comparison. The comparison parameters are the complete set of parameters for different nuclear power unit models, which vary depending on the unit model. The M310 unit has approximately 2,800 comparison parameters (specific parameter information is not publicly available). Analysis shows that the power operating levels of nuclear power units vary depending on the season and weather, and the range of unit operating parameters is inconsistent. Since the season and weather mainly affect seawater temperature, it was decided to create a comparison database for each power platform based on seawater temperature. Each power platform contains the following three comparison databases:

[0058] Comparison database 1: seawater temperature <15°C;

[0059] Comparison database 2: 15℃≤seawater temperature≤25℃;

[0060] Comparison database three: sea water temperature > 25°C.

[0061] Comparison databases categorized by seawater temperature and unit size offer a more refined data range, making it easier to detect equipment parameter anomalies. For example, during low winter temperatures, a certain piece of equipment's bearing temperature may exceed the winter operating range of previous years, but remain within the summer operating range. Comparison databases categorized by seawater temperature can identify such issues. Furthermore, databases categorized by season and outdoor temperature offer a narrower data range and a higher incidence of false positives.

[0062] Step 1.3: Obtain historical data on unit parameters and use the normal distribution 3δ method to generate the three comparison databases mentioned above for each power platform. The comparison database contains the upper and lower alarm limits for each unit parameter, as well as the upper and lower limits of historical data. For example, the main feedwater pump radial bearing temperature in the 100FP power platform comparison database has the following values:

[0063]

[0064] Step 1.4: Obtain the actual operating data of the current nuclear power unit to determine whether the unit is in steady state operation. This prevents continuous changes in dynamic process data, which could cause abnormal comparison results. Determining whether the unit is in steady state operation is primarily based on whether the unit's nuclear power and electric power are within the required ranges. For example, if the M310 unit's nuclear power is between 97%FP and 102%FP and its electric power is between 1050MW and 1110MW, the unit is considered to be in steady state operation at the 100%FP power platform.

[0065] Step 1.5: If the unit is operating in a steady state, select a comparison database based on the seawater temperature and the power platform it is operating in. Compare the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database. If the actual unit parameters exceed the upper or lower alarm limits of the comparison database, or exceed the upper or lower limits of historical data, the parameters are considered abnormal, the equipment operating status has deteriorated, and an alarm is issued. If the seawater temperature is less than 15°C, comparison database 1 is selected as the comparison database; if the seawater temperature is greater than or equal to 15°C and less than or equal to 25°C, comparison database 2 is selected as the comparison database; if the seawater temperature is greater than 25°C, comparison database 3 is selected as the comparison database.

[0066] Step 1.6: When the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower alarm limits of the comparison database, an equipment parameter deviation alarm is issued to alert nuclear power operation personnel.

[0067] Step 1.7: When the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower limits of the historical data in the comparison database, an abnormal alarm is issued to remind the nuclear power operator that the equipment defect has further deteriorated.

[0068] In one embodiment, real-time parameter comparison between nuclear power units of the same model includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 2.1: Obtain the actual operating data of the current nuclear power unit and the same-model nuclear power unit to be compared, and determine whether the unit is in steady-state operation. If so, the comparison can be performed. If not, the parameters are not fully stable at this time, and the comparison is not performed yet to avoid abnormal comparison results caused by continuous changes in dynamic process data. For example, the units involved in the comparison are both M310 units in operation, or both are Hualong One units in operation.

[0070] Step 2.2: If two nuclear power units of the same model are operating in a steady state, compare all the same parameters of the two nuclear power units and use the parameter difference to determine whether there is any abnormality.

[0071] Step 2.3: When the difference in parameters between the two nuclear power units exceeds 10% of the parameter instrument range, an abnormal alarm is issued to alert nuclear power operation personnel.

[0072] In one embodiment, the number of relevant parameters of a nuclear power unit is about 2,800, including parameters such as temperature, pressure, volume, liquid level, power, valve opening, etc. of each system of the nuclear power unit.

[0073] In one embodiment, the parameters of a nuclear power plant unit can be compared with the comparison database of the unit itself as well as with the comparison database of other units, but only for nuclear power plants of the same model.

[0074] In one embodiment, the power comparison platforms of the nuclear power unit are 100% FP, 77% FP, 50% FP, 15% FP, and 8% FP power platforms, which correspond to the A, B, C, D, and E power platforms described above, respectively.

[0075] In addition, based on the above detection method of identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units through parameter comparison, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a detection device for identifying abnormalities of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters, including:

[0076] The threshold update confirmation module is used by nuclear power unit operators to update the upper and lower alarm limits of the comparison database and the upper and lower limit values ​​of historical data after the parameter comparison issues an abnormal alarm. If the alarm is judged to be non-abnormal and the parameter is still in normal state, the operator can update the upper and lower alarm limits of the comparison database and the upper and lower limit values ​​of the historical data.

[0077] The threshold modification module is used by nuclear power unit operators to modify the upper and lower thresholds of each parameter alarm threshold in the comparison database;

[0078] Update the comparison database threshold module. After a nuclear power unit undergoes a new fuel cycle, the nuclear power operator will use the parameter operation data of the previous fuel cycle to re-acquire the comparison database based on the normal distribution 3δ value method.

[0079] The nuclear power unit steady-state judgment module is used to judge whether the nuclear power unit is in a stable operating state to determine whether parameter comparison can be initiated.

[0080] The detection device for identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units through parameter comparison provided in the above embodiment can implement the technical solution described in the above method embodiment. The specific implementation principles of the above modules can be found in the corresponding contents of the above method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0081] In addition, if Figure 6 As shown, the present application also provides an electronic device 10, including one or more processors 110 and a memory 120. The memory 120 stores computer-readable instructions. When the processor 110 executes the computer-readable instructions, the above-mentioned detection method for identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units by parameter comparison is implemented. The processor 110 and the memory 120 can be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 6 The bus connection is taken as an example.

[0082] Processor 110 is used to implement various control logic of electronic device 10. It can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a single-chip microcomputer, an ARM (Acorn RISC Machine) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components. In addition, processor 110 can also be any conventional processor, microprocessor, or state machine.

[0083] The memory 120 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs, and modules.

[0084] In addition, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer-readable instructions are stored. When the computer-readable instructions are executed, the above-mentioned detection method for identifying abnormalities of nuclear power units through parameter comparison is implemented.

[0085] Computer-readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data.

[0086] The above description is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be covered by the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Determine the operating power platform, select the corresponding comparison database based on seawater temperature, calculate the upper and lower limits of the parameter historical data and the alarm threshold, monitor the unit's steady-state operation, and compare the real-time data with the selected comparison database. If the parameter exceeds the alarm limit or breaks the historical extreme value, an abnormal alarm will be triggered. Step 2: Obtain real-time operating data from two nuclear power units of the same model, confirm that both units are in steady-state operation, and compare the real-time differences of all identical parameters one by one. If the difference exceeds 10% of the instrument range, an abnormal alarm is triggered; Step 1.1: Determine the power comparison platform for nuclear power units; Step 1.2: Determine the factors for comparing the unit parameters with the associated database, and select the comparison database based on the seawater temperature and the power platform of the unit; Step 1.3: Obtain historical data on unit parameters and use the value-taking method to obtain a comparative database of different seawater temperatures at each power platform; Step 1.4: Obtain the actual operating data of the current nuclear power unit to determine whether the unit is in a steady state; Step 1.5: If the unit is operating in a steady state, a comparison database is selected based on the seawater temperature and the power platform the unit is operating on. The actual operating data of the nuclear power unit is compared with the comparison database to determine whether any parameters are abnormal. The comparison database contains the upper and lower alarm limits of each unit parameter and the upper and lower limits of historical data. Step 1.6: When the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower alarm limits of the comparison database, an alarm indicating that the equipment parameters deviate from normal operation is issued to alert the nuclear power operator; Step 1.7: When the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower limits of the historical data in the comparison database, an abnormal alarm is issued to remind the nuclear power operator that the equipment defect has further deteriorated.

2. The method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.1, based on the nuclear power unit power comparison platform, select power platforms A, B, C, D, and E.

3. The method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power comparison platforms for nuclear power units are 100% FP, 77% FP, 50% FP, 15% FP, and 8% FP power platforms, corresponding to the above-mentioned A, B, C, D, and E power platforms respectively.

4. The method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.2, three comparison databases are prepared, including: Comparison database 1: seawater temperature <15°C; Comparison database 2: 15℃≤seawater temperature≤25℃; Comparison database three: sea water temperature > 25°C.

5. The method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.3, the normal distribution 3δ value method is used to obtain a comparison database of different seawater temperatures for each power platform.

6. The method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1.5, the actual parameters of the nuclear power unit are compared with the comparison database of the same unit, or with the comparison database of other units of the same model.

7. The method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 2 includes: Step 2.1: Obtain the actual operating data of the current nuclear power unit and the nuclear power unit of the same model to be compared, and determine whether the unit is in a steady state. If so, perform the comparison. If not, the parameters are not completely stable at this time, and the comparison is not performed temporarily. Step 2.2: If both nuclear power units of the same model are operating in a steady state, compare all the same parameters of the two nuclear power units to determine whether any abnormalities are found. Step 2.3: When the difference in parameters between the two nuclear power units exceeds 10% of the parameter instrument range, an abnormal alarm is issued to alert nuclear power operation personnel.

8. The method for detecting anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2.2, the parameter difference is used to determine whether an abnormality occurs.

9. A detection device for identifying abnormalities in a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters, characterized in that: A detection method for identifying anomalies of a nuclear power unit by comparing parameters based on any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: The threshold update confirmation module is used by the nuclear power unit operator to update the upper and lower limit values ​​of the corresponding alarm threshold in the comparison database if the alarm is judged to be non-abnormal and the parameters are still normal after the parameter comparison issues an abnormal alarm; The threshold modification module is used by nuclear power unit operators to modify the upper and lower thresholds of each parameter alarm threshold in the comparison database; Update the comparison database threshold module, which is used to re-acquire the comparison database based on the normal distribution 3δ value method after the nuclear power unit undergoes a new fuel cycle, combined with the parameter operation data of the previous fuel cycle; The nuclear power unit steady-state judgment module is used to judge whether the nuclear power unit is in a stable operating state to determine whether parameter comparison can be initiated.

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