Distributed electrothermal hydrogen comprehensive energy storage system and energy storage method

Abstract

The invention discloses a distributed electric-thermal-hydrogen comprehensive energy storage system and an energy storage method. The energy storage system comprises a wind-photovoltaic power generation subsystem, an energy storage battery subsystem, a water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem, a fuel cell subsystem, a solid hydrogen storage subsystem, a comprehensive energy control subsystem and a comprehensive energy allocation subsystem. The energy storage method comprises the steps of obtaining current power generation data and a user side energy storage layout scheme, generating an electrothermal hydrogen energy storage scheme, and sending an energy storage regulation and control signal. According to the system, the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem is directly connected with the fuel cell subsystem in series, so that the heat exchange loss is effectively reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved; the solid hydrogen storage system can be used as a heat consumption device, and when a user has an electricity demand, does not have a heat demand or the heat storage water tank is saturated, the solid hydrogen storage system absorbs heat during hydrogen release to supply heat generated by the fuel cell subsystem to the solid hydrogen storage subsystem, so that the energy consumption required by additional heat dissipation of the fuel cell subsystem is effectively reduced, and the operation cost of the system is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly to a distributed integrated electro-thermal-hydrogen energy storage system and an energy storage method. Background Art

[0002] Long-duration energy storage technology is one of the most important technical means to support the grid connection of a high proportion of renewable energy, and is also one of the most critical technologies in the construction of a new power system; among all energy storage technologies, hydrogen energy storage is the best way to achieve long-term and large-scale storage of renewable energy; at the present stage, the widely used lithium-ion energy storage system is simple to operate and has a high energy conversion efficiency, but due to problems such as poor environmental adaptability of lithium-ion energy storage, imperfect establishment of waste treatment processes, certain degree of environmental pollution, serious attenuation of long-duration energy storage, and a significant increase in costs as the scale increases; while using a hydrogen energy storage system as a renewable energy carrier, while meeting the use requirements of zero-carbon application scenarios, it has a more comprehensive environmental adaptability and flexible energy conversion and scheduling capabilities, which is conducive to promoting the development of a zero-carbon system of industrial, commercial, and household renewable energy + hydrogen energy storage.

[0003] For the use scenario of small distributed household power supply, the existing technical solution is to supply power for electrolytic water hydrogen production through photovoltaic / wind power generation, store the electric energy as hydrogen and supply hydrogen externally at the same time; since the fuel cell power supply system and the proton exchange membrane hydrogen production system need to connect heat exchangers through external heat exchange pipelines for heat exchange, the overall efficiency is low, resulting in high heat exchange losses during system operation, poor thermoelectric flexible allocation ability, inability to flexibly absorb the excess heat dissipated to the outside, users need to bear the usage cost brought by the high-power operation of the heat exchanger, and the environmental adaptability and operation reliability of the system are poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the disadvantages existing in the prior art, and to propose a distributed integrated electro-thermal-hydrogen energy storage system and an energy storage method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a distributed integrated electro-thermal-hydrogen energy storage system, including: a wind-solar photovoltaic power generation subsystem, an energy storage battery subsystem, an electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem, a fuel cell subsystem, a solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem, and an integrated energy control subsystem;

[0007] The photovoltaic power generation subsystem is electrically connected to the energy storage battery subsystem and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem. The energy storage battery subsystem is electrically connected to the fuel cell subsystem. The photovoltaic power generation subsystem is used to deliver electricity to the energy storage battery subsystem and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem, and allocate the power generation ratio and power consumption demand.

[0008] The electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem is connected to the fuel cell subsystem and the solid hydrogen storage subsystem through pipelines. The electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem is used to convert electrical energy into chemical energy and heat energy, and allocate the heat absorption and release path and heat dissipation power consumption.

[0009] It further includes an integrated energy allocation subsystem. The integrated energy allocation subsystem is connected to the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem, the fuel cell subsystem and the solid hydrogen storage subsystem through pipelines. The integrated energy allocation subsystem includes an internal circulation water pump, a plate heat exchanger, an external circulation water pump, a hot water storage tank, a chiller and a low-temperature water tank.

[0010] In some embodiments, an energy storage bidirectional DCAC inverter is provided between the photovoltaic power generation subsystem and the energy storage battery subsystem and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem. The photovoltaic power generation subsystem is electrically connected to the energy storage battery subsystem and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem through the energy storage bidirectional DCAC inverter to form an electric energy supply path, and a power generation loop is formed by the electrical connection of the energy storage battery subsystem and the fuel cell subsystem.

[0011] In some embodiments, the internal circulation water pump is connected to the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem and the fuel cell subsystem through pipelines to form a first internal circulation loop. A first three-way valve is provided on the first internal circulation loop. The internal circulation water pump is connected to the fuel cell system and the plate heat exchanger through the first three-way valve.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plate heat exchanger is connected to the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem and the fuel cell subsystem through pipelines to form a second internal circulation loop. A second three-way valve is provided on the second internal circulation loop. The plate heat exchanger is connected to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system and the internal circulation water pump through the second three-way valve.

[0013] In some embodiments, the external circulation water pump is connected to the hot water storage tank and the plate heat exchanger through pipelines to form a hot water supply loop.

[0014] In some of these embodiments, the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem is connected to the hot water storage tank, the chiller, and the low-temperature water tank through pipelines to form an endothermic and exothermic circulation loop. The endothermic and exothermic circulation loop is provided with a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve. The solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem is connected to the plate heat exchanger and the chiller through the third three-way valve, and the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem is connected to the hot water storage tank and the low-temperature water tank through the fourth three-way valve.

[0015] In some of these embodiments, the integrated energy control subsystem is electrically connected to the wind and photovoltaic power generation subsystem, the energy storage battery subsystem, the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem, and the fuel cell subsystem; the integrated energy control subsystem includes a communication module, a data analysis module, and a system control module.

[0016] Second, the present invention also provides a distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage method, which is executed via the distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage system as described in the first aspect. The energy storage method includes:

[0017] S100, obtaining the current power generation data of the wind and photovoltaic power generation subsystem and the state data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system, the fuel cell system, the solid-state hydrogen storage system, and the integrated energy control subsystem, integrating and sending the system operating condition data, and simultaneously identifying the energy consumption demand of the user side;

[0018] S200, according to the state of the energy storage system, performing comprehensive energy scheduling with the user-side demand as the highest priority;

[0019] S300, outputting the scheduling result to the controllers of each subsystem to complete the electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy scheduling of the energy storage system.

[0020] In some of these embodiments, the system operating condition data includes electric energy ratio regulation data, heat energy distribution regulation data, and hydrogen energy storage and release regulation data. The electric energy ratio regulation data is obtained based on the electric energy supply path, the heat energy distribution regulation data is obtained based on the first internal circulation loop, the second internal circulation loop, and the hot water supply loop, and the hydrogen energy storage and release regulation data is obtained based on the endothermic and exothermic circulation loop.

[0021] In some of these embodiments, the electro-thermal-hydrogen energy storage scheme includes an electric energy ratio regulation scheme, a heat energy distribution regulation scheme, and a hydrogen energy storage and release regulation scheme. The electric energy ratio regulation scheme is used to adjust the proportion of the electric energy output from the electric energy supply path to the user side, the heat energy distribution regulation scheme is used to adjust the flow paths of the first internal circulation loop, the second internal circulation loop, and the hot water supply loop, and the hydrogen energy storage and release regulation scheme is used to adjust the flow path of the endothermic and exothermic circulation loop.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In the present invention, the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem and the fuel cell subsystem are directly connected in series and interconnected through an internal thermal circulation loop. The circulating water flowing out of the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem is directly connected to the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell power generation system. Therefore, there is no need for heat exchange through an external heat exchanger, effectively reducing heat exchange losses, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system, enhancing the environmental adaptability and operational reliability of the system, which can not only meet the operation mode of the new power system of photovoltaic power generation + hydrogen energy storage system at the present stage, but also be used as an effective test for peak shaving and valley filling to achieve the design goal of optimizing power configuration;

[0024] 2. In the present invention, the solid-state hydrogen storage system can be used as a heat consumption device. When there is an electricity demand from users, no heat demand, or the hot water storage tank is saturated, heat can be absorbed during hydrogen release through the heat absorption and release circulation loop, and the heat generated by the fuel cell subsystem can be supplied to the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem, effectively reducing the energy consumption required for additional heat dissipation of the fuel cell subsystem, improving the economic efficiency of the hydrogen energy storage system, and reducing the system operation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage system proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the principle of the integrated energy control subsystem in

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the process of the distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage method proposed by the present invention.

[0028] LEGEND DESCRIPTION:

[0029] 1. Photovoltaic power generation subsystem; 101. Energy storage bidirectional DCAC inverter; 2. Energy storage battery subsystem; 3. Electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem; 4. Fuel cell subsystem; 5. Solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem; 6. Integrated energy control subsystem; 7. Internal circulation water pump; 8. Plate heat exchanger; 9. External circulation water pump; 10. Hot water storage tank; 11. Chiller; 12. Low-temperature water tank; 710. First three-way valve; 810. Second three-way valve; 820. Third three-way valve; 510. Fourth three-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] The embodiment of the present application provides a distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage system and an energy storage method, which solve the problems in the prior art that photovoltaic / wind energy is used for power generation to supply electrolytic water hydrogen production, the electric energy is converted into hydrogen for storage while oxygen is supplied externally; since the fuel cell power supply system and the proton exchange membrane hydrogen production system need to be connected to a heat exchanger through an external heat exchange pipeline for heat exchange, the overall efficiency is low, resulting in high heat exchange loss during system operation, poor thermoelectric flexible allocation ability, inability to flexibly absorb the excess heat dissipated to the outside, users need to bear the high power consumption of the heat exchanger and the use cost brought by the low energy comprehensive utilization efficiency operation, and the environmental adaptability and operation reliability of the system are poor. In this application, the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem and the fuel cell subsystem are directly connected in series and interconnected through an internal heat circulation loop. The circulating water flowing out of the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem is directly connected to the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell power generation system. Therefore, there is no need for heat exchange through an external heat exchanger, effectively reducing the heat exchange loss, improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system, increasing the environmental adaptability and operation reliability of the system, which can not only meet the operation mode of the new power system of source-network-load-storage of the current photovoltaic power generation + hydrogen energy storage system, but also be used for peak shaving and valley filling and optimizing power allocation; the solid-state hydrogen storage system can be used as a heat absorption device. When the user has an electricity demand, no heat demand or the hot water storage tank is saturated, the heat generated by the fuel cell subsystem can be supplied to the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem by absorbing heat during hydrogen release through the heat absorption and release circulation loop, effectively reducing the energy consumption required for additional heat dissipation of the fuel cell subsystem, improving the economy of the hydrogen energy storage system, and reducing the system operation cost.

[0032] It should be specifically noted that the small-scale distributed hydrogen energy storage system is a renewable energy storage system developed to meet the electricity and heat demands of users. The overall system consists of subsystems such as a wind / solar power generation system, an electrolytic water hydrogen production system, a fuel cell power generation system, and a solid / gaseous hydrogen storage system; it can cover application scenarios such as zero-carbon parks, base stations, household use, and islands, and has multiple functions such as grid-connected and off-grid operation, black start, etc., reducing the ratio of energy storage power stations and environmental pollution, and building a zero-carbon industrial and commercial architecture system.

[0033] Please refer to the following embodiments specifically:

[0034] Refer to Figures 1-2 , an embodiment of a distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage system provided by the present invention, the specific structure includes: a photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1, an energy storage battery subsystem 2, an electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3, a fuel cell subsystem 4, a solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5, a comprehensive energy control subsystem 6, and a comprehensive energy allocation subsystem, which can flexibly adjust the operation states of each subsystem according to the user-side demand and the system's own state, realizing flexible regulation and efficient utilization of heat-electricity-hydrogen.

[0035] Among them, the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 is electrically connected to the energy storage battery subsystem 2 and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3, and the energy storage battery subsystem 2 and the fuel cell subsystem 4 are electrically connected, forming an efficient and flexible energy distribution network. In this system, the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 is mainly responsible for generating electricity using solar energy and wind energy, and delivering the generated electricity to the energy storage battery subsystem 2 and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3. This process can intelligently allocate the power generation distribution ratio according to the real-time power generation capacity and power consumption demand, ensuring both the efficient utilization of energy and the satisfaction of the user-side usage requirements, and can also cope with the energy supply and demand changes in different time periods to ensure the stable supply of electricity.

[0036] Specifically, a bidirectional energy storage DC-AC inverter 101 is provided between the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1, the energy storage battery subsystem 2, and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3. The photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 is electrically connected to the energy storage battery subsystem 2 and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 through the bidirectional energy storage DC-AC inverter 101 to form an electric energy supply path. One of the main functions of the bidirectional energy storage DC-AC inverter 101 is to convert the DC electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 into AC electric energy to meet the different electric energy requirements of the energy storage battery subsystem 2 and the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3, and ensure the smooth operation of these two subsystems in different working modes; on the other hand, it is responsible for supplying the fuel cell power generation or the energy storage battery power to the user side or the grid to meet the user-side energy consumption requirements or suppress the grid fluctuations.

[0037] It is understandable that the wind-solar photovoltaic power generation system 1 is used as a renewable energy - power conversion system, and then the energy storage bidirectional DC-AC inverter 101 (off-grid / grid-connected inverter) is used to effectively convert the pressure of the power, so as to convert wind energy and solar energy into stable power available for the user side or the distributed hydrogen energy storage system. This system can fully alleviate the volatility and instability of wind energy and solar energy, overcome the stability problems of traditional new energy through system intelligent scheduling, and realize long-term and short-term electrical energy storage and release. In specific applications, the system can not only store excess power and release it when the demand is high, so as to balance the grid load and achieve the effect of peak shaving and valley filling, but also effectively suppress the impact of wind-solar photovoltaic power generation on the grid. The wind-solar photovoltaic power generation system has obvious volatility. Especially when the wind speed changes or the sunlight conditions are unstable, the power generation may fluctuate greatly, causing a large impact on the grid. By converting the power generated by wind-solar photovoltaic power generation into stable alternating current through the energy storage bidirectional DC-AC inverter 101, and combined with the flexible scheduling of the energy storage battery, the negative impact brought by this volatility can be greatly reduced, enabling the system to be smoothly connected to the grid and optimizing the use of energy; by combining with a small distributed hydrogen energy storage system, the system can store the excess electrical energy through the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 when the power supply is in excess, which not only improves the flexibility and stability of the power system, but also provides a more efficient energy storage means for wind-solar photovoltaic power generation, further enhancing the utilization rate of renewable energy.

[0038] Furthermore, the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 is connected to the fuel cell subsystem 4 and the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 through pipelines. The electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 is used to convert electrical energy into chemical energy and heat energy. The hydrogen production process of electrolytic water decomposes water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen through the action of an electric current; by flexibly adjusting the endothermic and exothermic circulation paths through the integrated energy distribution subsystem, the heat flow can be adjusted under different working conditions, avoiding excessive heat accumulation or waste, so as to maintain the stability of the whole system and reduce the heat dissipation cost.

[0039] Furthermore, the integrated energy distribution subsystem is connected to the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3, the fuel cell subsystem 4 and the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 through pipelines. Among them, the integrated energy distribution subsystem includes an internal circulation water pump 7, a plate heat exchanger 8, an external circulation water pump 9, a hot water storage tank 10, a chiller 11 and a low-temperature water tank 12.

[0040] Specifically, the internal circulation water pump 7 is connected to the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 and the fuel cell subsystem 4 through pipelines to form a first internal circulation loop. A first three-way valve 710 is provided on the first internal circulation loop, and the internal circulation water pump 7 is connected to the fuel cell system and the plate heat exchanger 8 through the first three-way valve 710; similarly, the plate heat exchanger 8 is connected to the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 and the fuel cell subsystem 4 through pipelines to form a second internal circulation loop. A second three-way valve 810 is provided on the second internal circulation loop, and the plate heat exchanger 8 is connected to the electrolytic water hydrogen production system and the internal circulation water pump 7 through the second three-way valve 810.

[0041] It can be understood that the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 and the fuel cell subsystem 4 are directly connected in series and interconnected through an internal heat circulation loop. The circulating water generated during the electrolytic water hydrogen production process directly flows into the cooling water inlet of the fuel cell power generation system, thus avoiding the complex process of external heat exchangers for energy exchange in traditional systems. In this way, not only is the heat loss that may occur during the heat exchange process reduced, but also the energy waste during system operation is effectively reduced; at the same time, since there is no external heat exchange device between the electrolytic water hydrogen production and the fuel cell system, the structure of the entire system becomes more compact, reducing the installation and maintenance costs of the equipment. This design not only improves the energy conversion efficiency but also reduces the complexity during maintenance and operation, providing higher stability and reliability for the system. It can not only effectively maintain the working temperature of the fuel cell but also achieve heat balance among multiple subsystems, enhancing the overall thermal management ability of the system.

[0042] Furthermore, the external circulation water pump 9 is connected to the hot water storage tank 10 and the plate heat exchanger 8 through pipelines to form a hot water supply loop for flowing out the hot water in the hot water storage tank 10 to provide domestic hot water for users to use.

[0043] Furthermore, the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 is connected to the hot water storage tank 10, the chiller 11, and the low-temperature water tank 12 through pipelines to form an endothermic and exothermic circulation loop. The endothermic and exothermic circulation loop is provided with a third three-way valve 820 and a fourth three-way valve 510. The solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 is connected to the plate regenerator and the chiller 11 through the third three-way valve 820, and the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 is connected to the hot water storage tank 10 and the low-temperature water tank 12 through the fourth three-way valve 510.

[0044] It can be understood that the solid-state hydrogen storage system can be used as a heat consumption device. When there is an electricity demand from users, no heat demand, or the hot water storage tank 10 is saturated, the heat generated by the fuel cell subsystem 4 can be supplied to the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 by absorbing heat during hydrogen release through the endothermic and exothermic circulation loop, effectively reducing the energy consumption required for the fuel cell subsystem 4 to dissipate heat externally, improving the economy of the hydrogen energy storage system, and reducing the system operation cost.

[0045] Please continue to refer to Figures 1-2, in this embodiment, the integrated energy control subsystem 6 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1, the energy storage battery subsystem 2, the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3, and the fuel cell subsystem 4; the integrated energy control subsystem 6 includes a communication module, a data analysis module, a fault diagnosis module, and a system control module, and each module is functionally integrated inside the controller.

[0046] Specifically, the communication module is used to obtain the current power generation data of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 and the status of each subsystem, and send the system operating condition data after integration; the data analysis module is used to analyze the system operating condition data, evaluate the operating status of the photovoltaic power generation system and the energy storage facilities, and upload relevant information to the data platform; the system control module performs energy distribution based on the user-side requirements and the system status, and sends energy storage regulation signals based on the electro-thermal-hydrogen circulation loop.

[0047] Working principle:

[0048] The photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 transports electric power to the energy storage battery subsystem 2 or the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 through the energy storage bidirectional DC-AC inverter 101. The electrolytic water hydrogen production system is a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolytic water hydrogen production system, which has the advantages of strong real-time response ability, fast startup rate, and high electrolysis efficiency; the produced hydrogen is stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 and can be directly supplied to the fuel cell subsystem 4 for power generation and heat supply; to improve the conversion efficiency of renewable energy to electric energy, the electric energy required for each component during the operation of the fuel cell subsystem 4 is provided by the energy storage battery subsystem 2.

[0049] When the photovoltaic resources are sufficient, the integrated energy control subsystem 6 collects the photovoltaic power generation, the user-side usage requirements, and the status of each subsystem, and coordinates the specific power generation ratios of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1, the energy storage battery subsystem 2, and the fuel cell subsystem 4 to meet the user-side electricity demand. At this time, the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 and the energy storage battery subsystem 2 will be preferentially used to provide the electric energy required by the users; when there is still surplus photovoltaic resources, the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 will be introduced for energy consumption and storage. At this time, according to the user-side requirements collected by the integrated energy control subsystem 6, the electric power resources will be transformed by the energy storage bidirectional DC-AC inverter 101 and then transported to the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 to convert the electric energy into chemical energy and heat energy. The produced hydrogen is stored by the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5, and the heat energy generated during the electrolysis process is exchanged to the hot water supply loop through the plate heat exchanger 8 and stored through the hot water storage tank 10.

[0050] When the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 and the fuel cell subsystem 4 work simultaneously, they share the internal circulation water pump 7. When the external circulation water pump 9 works, it can exchange heat of the water source in the low-temperature water tank 12 or the hot water storage tank 10 through the plate heat exchanger 8, and then exchange the heat to the outer water circuit and store it in the hot water storage tank 10. Moreover, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 10 can flow out to provide domestic hot water for users to use.

[0051] The solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 can select AB2 / AB5 type hydrogen storage materials. Since heat is released during the hydrogen storage process and heat is absorbed during the hydrogen release process, to improve the hydrogen storage and release efficiency and reduce the usage amount of metal fillers, a chiller 11 is used as a cold water source to provide cold water with a lower temperature for the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 during the hydrogen storage process, and the stored heat generated when the fuel cell subsystem 4 or the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 works is used as a hot water source to provide hot water with a higher temperature for the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 during the hydrogen release process. The water circuit is switched by adjusting the electric control three-way valves (the third three-way valve 820 and the fourth three-way valve 510): heat is released during the hydrogen storage process, at this time the chiller 11 starts to work, the passage 8.2.2 is closed, and the passage 8.2.1 is opened. Cold water flows from the chiller 11 through the passage 8.2.1, the passage 8.2.3, the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5, the passage 5.1.3, and the passage 5.1.2 in sequence, flows through the low-temperature water tank 12 in a cycle, and then returns to the chiller 11 for cooling; heat is absorbed during the hydrogen release process, at this time the chiller 11 stops working, the passage 5.1.1 is opened, and the passage 5.1.2 is closed. The hot water circulation enables the heat to flow from the fuel cell subsystem 4 through the plate heat exchanger 8, the passage 8.2.2, the passage 8.2.3, the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5, the passage 5.1.3, and the passage 5.1.1 in sequence, flows through the hot water storage tank 10, and is pumped into the plate heat exchanger 8 by the external circulation water pump 9. This can improve the hydrogen release efficiency and save the additional heat dissipation power consumption required during the operation of the heat dissipation fan system in the traditional fuel cell subsystem 4 design, reducing the heat dissipation cost.

[0052] When the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 or the fuel cell subsystem 4 works alone, the water circuit is switched by adjusting the electronically controlled three-way valves (the first three-way valve 710 and the second three-way valve 810): When the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 works alone, the passage 7.1.2 is opened, the passage 7.1.1 is closed, the passage 8.1.1 is opened, and the passage 8.1.2 is closed. At this time, the circulating water sequentially passes through the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3, the internal circulation water pump 7, the passage 7.1.3, the passage 7.1.2, the plate heat exchanger 8, the passage 8.1.3, and the passage 8.1.1 and then re-enters the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3; When the fuel cell subsystem 4 works alone, the passage 7.1.1 is opened, the passage 7.1.2 is closed, the passage 8.1.1 is closed, and the passage 8.1.2 is opened. At this time, the circulating water sequentially passes through the fuel cell subsystem 4, the plate heat exchanger 8, the passage 8.1.3, the passage 8.1.2, the internal circulation water pump 7, the passage 7.1.3, and the passage 7.1.1 and then re-enters the fuel cell subsystem 4; In both operating modes, the heat generated by the system is transferred to the external water circuit through the plate heat exchanger 8 and stored in the hot water storage tank 10; In addition, when the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 and the fuel cell subsystem 4 need cold start or need heat preservation in a low-temperature environment, the internal circulation water pump 7 and the external circulation water pump 9 work simultaneously, and the heat in the hot water storage tank 10 can be exchanged to the internal circulation water circuit through the plate heat exchanger 8, improving the cold start rate and effectively reducing the energy consumption required for cold start.

[0053] Referring to Figure 3 , the present invention also provides an embodiment of a distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage method, which is executed via the distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage system in the above embodiment. The steps of the energy storage method include:

[0054] S100, obtaining the current power generation data of the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 and the state data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system 3, the fuel cell system 4, the solid hydrogen storage system 5, and the integrated energy control subsystem 6, integrating and sending the system operating condition data, and simultaneously identifying the energy consumption demand of the user side;

[0055] S200, performing comprehensive energy scheduling according to the energy storage system state and user demand, with the user side demand as the highest priority;

[0056] S300, outputting the scheduling result to each subsystem controller to complete the electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy scheduling of the energy storage system.

[0057] It should be noted in detail that the system operating condition data includes electric energy ratio regulation data, heat energy distribution regulation data, and hydrogen energy storage and release regulation data. The electric energy ratio regulation data is obtained based on the electric energy supply path, the heat energy distribution regulation data is obtained based on the first internal circulation loop, the second internal circulation loop, and the hot water supply loop, and the hydrogen energy storage and release regulation data is obtained based on the heat absorption and release circulation loop.

[0058] Furthermore, the electro-thermal hydrogen energy storage solution includes an electric energy ratio regulation solution, a heat energy distribution regulation solution, and a hydrogen energy storage and release regulation solution. The electric energy ratio regulation solution is used to adjust the proportion of electric energy output from the electric energy supply path to the user side and the grid-connected power generation ratio. The heat energy distribution regulation solution is used to adjust the flow paths of the first internal circulation loop, the second internal circulation loop, and the hot water supply loop. The hydrogen energy storage and release regulation solution is used to adjust the flow path of the heat absorption and release circulation loop.

[0059] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0060] The integrated energy control subsystem 6 allocates the basic electric energy flow by judging the photovoltaic power generation data:

[0061] When the photovoltaic resources are insufficient, it is judged whether the SOC (state of charge) of the energy storage battery is greater than the maximum value. If it is greater, the energy storage battery is charged. To ensure the stability of user power consumption, during this process, the power consumption of the user side is supplied by the energy storage battery subsystem 2;

[0062] When the photovoltaic resources are sufficient, the user side and the energy storage battery subsystem 2 are preferentially supplied. The excess power resources are then transmitted to the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3, and then the power resources are converted into hydrogen energy and stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 for medium-term storage. At this time, the heat energy generated by the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem 3 during hydrogen production is stored in the hot water storage tank 10; the cold water required by the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 is provided by the chiller 11;

[0063] When the photovoltaic resources cannot fully meet the user's needs, it is judged whether the SOC of the energy storage battery is less than the preset value (for example, 60%). If the SOC of the energy storage battery is greater than the preset value, only the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 and the energy storage battery subsystem 2 supply power; if the SOC of the energy storage battery is less than the preset value (for example, 60%), the remaining hydrogen storage in the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 is further judged. If it is greater than the preset value (for example, 10%), the fuel cell subsystem 4 works and the two jointly supply the required electric energy; to improve the power supply stability on the user side, the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 charges the energy storage battery subsystem 2; if it is less than the preset value (for example, 10%), the energy storage battery subsystem 2 supplies electric energy alone, and the photovoltaic power generation subsystem 1 charges the energy storage battery subsystem 2; during the above process, the heat generated by the fuel cell subsystem 4 is stored in the hot water storage tank 10; since heat absorption is required during the hydrogen release process of the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5, the chiller 11 pauses working at this time, and the water path is switched to provide heat for the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5;

[0064] When there is no wind and photovoltaic power generation resources, the power supply is completely provided by the energy storage battery subsystem 2 and the fuel cell subsystem 4 together. If the SOC stored power of the energy storage battery is greater than the preset value (for example, 60%), only the energy storage battery subsystem 2 supplies power; if the SOC stored power of the energy storage battery is less than the preset value (for example, 60%), the remaining hydrogen storage of the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem 5 is continuously determined. If it is greater than the preset value (for example, 10%), the power is supplied by both; if it is less than the preset value (for example, 10%), the energy storage battery subsystem 2 supplies electric energy.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage system, characterized in that, Including: a wind-solar photovoltaic power generation subsystem (1), a energy storage battery subsystem (2), a water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3), a fuel cell subsystem (4), a solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem (5) and a comprehensive energy control subsystem (6); The wind-solar photovoltaic power generation subsystem (1) is electrically connected to the energy storage battery subsystem (2) and the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3), the energy storage battery subsystem (2) is electrically connected to the fuel cell subsystem (4), and the wind-solar photovoltaic power generation subsystem (1) is used to deliver electric power to the energy storage battery subsystem (2) and the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3) to allocate the power generation ratio and power consumption demand; The water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3) is connected to the fuel cell subsystem (4) and the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem (5) through pipelines, and the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3) is used to convert electric energy into chemical energy and heat energy to allocate the heat absorption and release path and heat dissipation power consumption; It further includes a comprehensive energy allocation subsystem which is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3), the fuel cell subsystem (4) and the solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem (5) through pipelines. The comprehensive energy allocation subsystem includes an internal circulation water pump (7), a plate heat exchanger (8), an external circulation water pump (9), a hot water storage tank (10), a chiller (11) and a low-temperature water tank (12).

2. The distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein An energy storage bidirectional DCAC inverter (101) is provided between the wind-solar photovoltaic power generation subsystem (1) and the energy storage battery subsystem (2) and the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3). The wind-solar photovoltaic power generation subsystem (1) is electrically connected to the energy storage battery subsystem (2) and the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3) through the energy storage bidirectional DCAC inverter (101) to form an electric energy supply path, and a power generation loop is formed by the electrical connection of the energy storage battery subsystem (2) and the fuel cell subsystem (4).

3. The distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal circulation water pump (7) is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3) and the fuel cell subsystem (4) through pipelines to form a first internal circulation loop. A first three-way valve (710) is provided on the first internal circulation loop, and the internal circulation water pump (7) is connected to the fuel cell system and the plate heat exchanger (8) through the first three-way valve (710).

4. The distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein, The plate heat exchanger (8) is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production subsystem (3) and the fuel cell subsystem (4) through pipelines to form a second internal circulation loop. A second three-way valve (810) is provided on the second internal circulation loop, and the plate heat exchanger (8) is connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the internal circulation water pump (7) through the second three-way valve (810).

5. The distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external circulation water pump (9) is connected to the hot water storage tank (10) and the plate heat exchanger (8) through pipelines to form a hot water supply loop.

6. The distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein The solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem (5) is connected to the hot water storage tank (10), the chiller (11), and the low-temperature water tank (12) through pipelines to form an endothermic and exothermic circulation loop. The endothermic and exothermic circulation loop is provided with a third three-way valve (820) and a fourth three-way valve (510). The solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem (5) is connected to the plate heat exchanger (8) and the chiller (11) through the third three-way valve (820). The solid-state hydrogen storage subsystem (5) is connected to the hot water storage tank (10) and the low-temperature water tank (12) through the fourth three-way valve (510).

7. The distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated energy control subsystem (6) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic power generation subsystem (1), the energy storage battery subsystem (2), the electrolytic water hydrogen production subsystem (3), and the fuel cell subsystem (4); the integrated energy control subsystem (6) includes a communication module, a data analysis module, and a system control module.

8. A distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage method, characterized in that, The energy storage method is executed via the distributed electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the energy storage method includes: S100, Obtain the current power generation data of the wind-solar photovoltaic power generation system (1) and the status data of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system (3), 、 fuel cell system (4), solid-state hydrogen storage system (5) and integrated energy control subsystem (6), integrate and send the system operating condition data, and at the same time identify the energy consumption demand of the user side; S200, according to the state of the energy storage system, perform integrated energy scheduling with the user-side demand as the highest priority; S300, output the scheduling result to the controller of each subsystem to complete the electro-thermal-hydrogen integrated energy scheduling of the energy storage system.

9. The distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The system condition data includes electric energy ratio regulation data, heat energy distribution regulation data, and hydrogen energy storage and release regulation data. The electric energy ratio regulation data is obtained based on the electric energy supply path. The heat energy distribution regulation data is obtained based on the first internal circulation loop, the second internal circulation loop, and the hot water supply loop. The hydrogen energy storage and release regulation data is obtained based on the endothermic and exothermic circulation loop.

10. The distributed electro-thermal hydrogen integrated energy storage method according to claim 8, wherein, The electro-thermal-hydrogen energy storage solution includes an electric energy ratio regulation solution, a heat energy distribution regulation solution, and a hydrogen energy storage and release regulation solution. The electric energy ratio regulation solution is used to adjust the ratio of the electric energy output of the electric energy supply path to the user side. The heat energy distribution regulation solution is used to adjust the flow paths of the first internal circulation loop, the second internal circulation loop, and the hot water supply loop. The hydrogen energy storage and release regulation solution is used to adjust the flow path of the endothermic and exothermic circulation loop.

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