Power lithium battery protection system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric energy storage systems, and discloses a power lithium battery protection system. In the invention, the positive electrode of a battery is connected in series with a power type wire-wound resistor R1 and then is connected to a positive electrode power supply port P +, and the negative electrode of the battery is directly connected to a negative electrode power supply port P-; a power supply control circuit is connected to a link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, the other electrode of the power supply control circuit is connected to an MCU, the MCU is connected with an interface circuit through an activation circuit, the activation circuit is externally connected with a tool fault identification port DO for connection and debugging, and the interface circuit is externally connected with a charger fault identification port CO for communication with a charger. Therefore, through the arrangement of components such as the power type wire-wound resistor, the surge can be easily limited, the secondary protection chip can effectively prevent the components such as the voltage stabilizing chip from being damaged by unstable voltage, fusing protection is provided for the battery pack, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged. Therefore, the battery pack can have a relatively long service life in a use scene with frequent and large surges.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric energy storage systems, and particularly to a device for charging or depolarizing a battery pack or for supplying power from a battery pack to a load. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, for the protection circuit of the power lithium battery used in DC power tools, due to volume limitations, it is not convenient to add too many components, and mainly considers the voltage stabilization control of relatively simple step-up and step-down functions, which can generally be achieved with only a few voltage stabilization chips. This is mainly applicable to the case where the voltage output is relatively stable, and in this case, surges exceeding 20% in amplitude generally do not occur frequently.

[0003] However, the inventor found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art: in some other regions, there are no such voltage output conditions, frequent surges often occur, and the amplitude is unpredictable, which causes general voltage stabilization chips to be easily broken down, resulting in abnormal step-up and step-down of the battery and overcharging damage, thereby leading to a low life of the battery pack. The fundamental reason for this low life is that the voltage stabilization chips in the battery pack protection circuit have extremely low life under frequent large-amplitude surges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a power lithium battery protection system, so that the battery pack can also have a long service life in the usage scenario of frequent large-amplitude surges.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a power lithium battery protection system. The positive electrode of the battery is connected in series with a power type wire-wound resistor R1 and then led out to the positive power supply port P+. The negative electrode of the battery is directly connected to the negative power supply port P-. On the link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, a power supply control circuit is connected. The other pole of the power supply control circuit is connected to the MCU. The MCU is connected to the interface circuit through the activation circuit. The activation circuit is externally connected with a tool fault identification port DO for connecting debugging. The interface circuit is externally connected with a charger fault identification port CO for communicating with the charger. On the link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, an LED lamp LED1 is connected in series. The LED lamp LED1 is composed of three light-emitting diodes connected in parallel. The three light-emitting diodes are controlled to be turned on and off through the MCU, and the MCU displays the charging times by controlling the three light-emitting diodes.

[0006] Each positive electrode of the battery is connected to a secondary protection chip, and the control end of the secondary protection chip is connected to the MCU through a connection circuit and an interface circuit.

[0007] The MCU displays the battery level through the LED1 in the following way: when the battery level is 0 - 35%, one LED is on; when the battery level is 35% - 65%, two LEDs are on; when the battery level is 65% - 100%, three LEDs are on.

[0008] On the link between the positive pole of the battery and the power type wire wound resistor R1, the LED1 is connected in series.

[0009] The MCU is externally connected with a button. When the MCU detects that the button is long - pressed for 10 s, the MCU controls the LED1 to display the charging times: decompose the charging times into the values of the hundreds digit L, the tens digit M, and the units digit N. The three LEDs respectively represent the hundreds digit L, the tens digit M, and the units digit N. First, make the LED representing the hundreds digit flash L times at a frequency of once per second, after an interval of 3 s, make the LED representing the tens digit flash M times at a frequency of once per second, and then after an interval of 3 s, the LED representing the units digit flashes N times at a frequency of once per second. This process loops three times.

[0010] The button is also connected to the activation circuit.

[0011] An LDO is connected between the power control circuit and the MCU.

[0012] The output voltage of the LDO is 5V, and the output terminal of the LDO is connected to the MCU.

[0013] The activation circuit is also connected to the power control circuit.

[0014] A variable resistor R2 is connected in parallel between the tool failure identification port DO and the negative power supply port P-.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, through the setting of components such as the power type wire wound resistor, the surge is easily limited, and the secondary protection chip effectively avoids voltage instability from damaging components such as the voltage regulator chip, providing fuse protection for the battery pack, so that the battery pack can also have a long service life in the usage scenario with frequent large - amplitude surges; moreover, an independent and simple debugging interface is provided, which is convenient for quickly identifying the fault point when a fault occurs, especially conducive to providing a longer service life through more convenient repair and maintenance in the usage scenario with frequent large - amplitude surges.

[0016] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically illustrates the embodiments of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by the pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplary illustrations do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute a scale limitation.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic connection diagram of at least one embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will elaborate on the various embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that in various embodiments of the present invention, many technical details are provided to help readers better understand the present application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the present application can still be implemented. The following division of various embodiments is for convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation manners of the present invention. The various embodiments can be combined and cross-referenced with each other on the premise of no contradiction.

[0020] The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a power lithium battery protection system. A power type wire-wound resistor R1 is connected in series to the positive electrode of the battery and then led out to the positive power supply port P+. The negative electrode of the battery is directly connected to the negative power supply port P-. On the link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, a power supply control circuit is connected. The other pole of the power supply control circuit is connected to the MCU. The MCU is connected to the interface circuit through an activation circuit. An external tool fault identification port DO for connecting debugging is connected to the activation circuit. An external charger fault identification port CO for communicating with the charger is connected to the interface circuit. On the link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, an LED lamp bead LED1 is connected in series. The LED lamp bead LED1 is composed of three light-emitting diodes connected in parallel, and the three light-emitting diodes are controlled to be turned on and off through the MCU.

[0021] Thus, based on the setting of the power type wire-wound resistor, surge limitation during the charging process can be achieved, and only a relatively simple component can effectively avoid damage caused by frequent surges. Correspondingly, in the usage scenarios with frequent large surges, through the setting of the charger fault identification port CO, effective identification of charger faults can be achieved, and through the setting of the tool fault identification port DO, effective identification of power tool faults can be achieved. Thus, the fault troubleshooting time can be significantly reduced, making maintenance and repair more convenient, and further improving the service life.

[0022] It is easy to understand that when implementing the technical solution of the present invention into a specific product, the MCU is also connected to a screen to display fault information and other content; in addition, a pull-down resistor of 20K ± 1% is connected to the tool fault identification port DO, and a pull-down resistor of 200K ± 1% is connected to the charger fault identification port CO, and the external input of the charger is 5V / 10K ± 1%.

[0023] The second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment. Mainly, each positive electrode of the battery is connected to a secondary protection chip, and the control end of the secondary protection chip is connected to the MCU through a connection circuit and an interface circuit.

[0024] Thus, based on the setting of the secondary protection chip, compared with the first embodiment, even when the surge amplitude is too large so that the power type wire-wound resistor R1 cannot achieve an effective surge limiting effect, the secondary protection chip can also provide fuse protection for the battery and other chips.

[0025] Furthermore, a charging management chip is connected in the link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, and the charging management chip is externally connected to a Type-c interface. Generally, the highest voltage provided by the Type-c interface is 20V, so relatively speaking, it can be directly connected, and bypassing the protection of the power type wire-wound resistor R1 can provide higher charge and discharge efficiency.

[0026] Furthermore, the MCU displays the battery level through the LED1 in the following way: when the battery level is 0 - 35%, one light-emitting diode is on; when the battery level is 35% - 65%, two light-emitting diodes are on; when the battery level is 65% - 100%, three light-emitting diodes are on.

[0027] Furthermore, the MCU is externally connected with a key. The setting of the key can provide a basis for local input control to the MCU at extremely low cost and reliability.

[0028] Generally, the MCU starts to display the charging times by detecting the pressing of the key. That is, when the MCU detects that the key is long-pressed for 10s, it starts to control the LED1 to display the charging times: decompose the charging times into the values of the hundreds digit L, the tens digit M, and the units digit N. The three light-emitting diodes respectively represent the hundreds digit L, the tens digit M, and the units digit N. First, make the light-emitting diode representing the hundreds digit flash L times at a frequency of once per second. After an interval of 3s, make the light-emitting diode representing the tens digit flash M times at a frequency of once per second. After another interval of 3s, the light-emitting diode representing the units digit flashes N times at a frequency of once per second, and this process repeats three times.

[0029] Even further, the key is also connected to an activation circuit. It is easy to understand that in this embodiment, the key refers to a combination of multiple keys, and at least one key is connected

[0030] The third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the first embodiment. The main difference is that further, an LDO is connected between the power control circuit and the MCU.

[0031] Further, the output voltage of the LDO is 5V, and the output terminal of the LDO is connected to the MCU. The setting of the LDO can ensure the stable operation of the MCU, so that the MCU can work properly and provide the output and input of fault information when a surge causes a fault.

[0032] Further, the activation circuit is also connected to the power control circuit. The activation circuit is mainly used to achieve self-locking under the control of the MCU (generally realized through a triode circuit). Connecting to the power control circuit can facilitate the power supply to the MCU and provide a guarantee based on the active control of the MCU.

[0033] Further, a variable resistor R2 is connected in parallel between the tool fault identification port DO and the negative power supply port P-.

[0034] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the above embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present invention. In actual applications, various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power lithium battery protection system, characterized in that, The positive electrode of the battery is connected in series with a power type wire-wound resistor R1 and then led out to the positive power supply port P+. The negative electrode of the battery is directly connected to the negative power supply port P-. On the link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, a power supply control circuit is connected. The other pole of the power supply control circuit is connected to the MCU. The MCU is connected to the interface circuit through the activation circuit. The activation circuit is externally connected with a tool fault identification port DO for connection debugging. The interface circuit is externally connected with a charger fault identification port CO for communicating with the charger. On the link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, an LED lamp bead LED1 is connected in series. The LED lamp bead LED1 is composed of three light-emitting diodes connected in parallel. The three light-emitting diodes are controlled to turn on and off through the MCU. The MCU controls the three light-emitting diodes to display the charging times.

2. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each positive electrode of the battery is connected to a secondary protection chip. The control end of the secondary protection chip is connected to the MCU through a connection circuit and an interface circuit.

3. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that On the link between the positive electrode of the battery and the power type wire-wound resistor R1, a charging management chip is connected. The charging management chip is externally connected with a Type-c interface.

4. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU displays the battery power through the LED lamp bead LED1 in the following way: when the battery power is 0 - 35%, one light-emitting diode is on; when the battery power is 35% - 65%, two light-emitting diodes are on; when the battery power is 65% - 100%, three light-emitting diodes are on.

5. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The MCU is externally connected with a button. When the MCU detects that the button is long-pressed for 10 s, the MCU controls the LED lamp bead LED1 to display the charging times: decompose the charging times into the values of the hundreds digit L, the tens digit M, and the units digit N. The three light-emitting diodes represent the hundreds digit L, the tens digit M, and the units digit N respectively. First, make the light-emitting diode representing the hundreds digit blink L times at a frequency of once per second. After an interval of 3 s, make the light-emitting diode representing the tens digit blink M times at a frequency of once per second. After another interval of 3 s, the light-emitting diode representing the units digit blinks N times at a frequency of once per second. This process loops three times.

6. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that The button is also connected to the activation circuit.

7. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that An LDO is connected between the power supply control circuit and the MCU.

8. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output voltage of the LDO is 5V. The output terminal of the LDO is connected to the MCU.

9. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, wherein, The activation circuit is also connected to the power supply control circuit.

10. The power lithium battery protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A variable resistor R2 is connected in parallel between the tool fault identification port DO and the negative power supply port P-.

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