Automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent agricultural power. An automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops comprises a keel, opposite second connecting frames are fixedly connected to the two sides of the outer portion of the keel, a transmission box is fixedly connected to the outer sides of the second connecting frames, a first transmission rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the transmission box, and a first belt pulley is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first transmission rod; a second transmission rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first belt wheel, a plurality of quantitative assemblies are arranged on the outer side of the second transmission rod, and two first discharging pipes are arranged at the fertilizing ends of the quantitative assemblies; according to the method, the fertilizer is conveyed and spread before the first backfilling, and then sowing is carried out before the second backfilling, so that the fertilizer and the seeds are separated by utilizing a layer of soil, the fertilizer can be prevented from burning the seeds, healthy germination of the seeds is ensured, and the stress resistance and the overall growth environment of crops are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production, and particularly relates to an automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops. Background Art

[0002] A ditching, sowing and fertilizing device is an integrated modern agricultural machine designed to improve agricultural production efficiency, reduce manual labor intensity, and optimize the crop growth environment. By integrating the functions of ditching, fertilizing, and sowing in one device, it can complete multiple steps simultaneously during the sowing process, ensuring precise fertilization and sowing depth, reducing fertilizer waste, and promoting balanced crop growth. The core features of this device are to improve operation efficiency, save costs, optimize fertilization management, and reduce soil compaction, thereby contributing to increasing crop yield and quality. However, despite its significant advantages, it still faces challenges such as high cost, adaptability, and maintenance. In the future, with the continuous development of intelligent, multi-functional integration, and low-energy consumption design, the ditching, sowing and fertilizing device is expected to play a greater role in agriculture, promoting the development of agriculture towards a more efficient and sustainable direction.

[0003] After retrieval, the existing patent (Publication No.: CN108718618A) discloses a ditching, fertilizing and sowing device, which includes a vehicle, wheels installed at the bottom of the vehicle, a fertilizer chamber and a seed chamber installed above the vehicle, a mounting seat installed above the rear side of the vehicle, a leveling plate mounting bracket installed below the rear side of the vehicle, a first leveling plate installed on the leveling plate mounting bracket, a second leveling plate installed in the mounting groove at the rear side of the mounting seat, a seeder mounting bracket, a fertilizer applicator mounting bracket and a ditching tool mounting bracket installed at the bottom of the mounting seat, a seeder installed at the bottom of the seeder mounting bracket, a fertilizer applicator installed at the bottom of the fertilizer applicator mounting bracket, and a ditching tool installed at the bottom of the ditching tool mounting bracket. The ditching, fertilizing and sowing device of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to use. The ditching tool, fertilizing device and sowing device are installed on the same set of equipment, and the equipment also has a fertilizer chamber and a seed chamber. Loading once can complete the sowing work of large areas of farmland, saving time and effort and having high work efficiency.

[0004] However, in the actual use process of the above solution, it is impossible to accurately layer the fertilizer and seeds. Usually, the position of fertilization during the farming process should be slightly deeper than the seeds to avoid the fertilizer directly contacting the seeds. Fertilizer that is too close may cause burning damage to the seeds, especially fertilizers with a high nitrogen content. In most cases, the fertilizer should be located below or beside the seeds, rather than directly covering the seeds, because some components in the fertilizer (such as nitrogen fertilizer) may cause "fertilizer burn" if they come into direct contact with the seeds, damaging the germination and growth of the seeds. However, if the waste is directly scattered on the surface, it will affect the absorption of the fertilizer by the soil, causing waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the problem that it is impossible to accurately layer fertilizers and seeds in the prior art, and to propose an automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops, including a keel. On both outer sides of the keel, there are fixedly connected opposite second connecting frames. On the outer sides of the second connecting frames, there are fixedly connected transmission boxes. Inside the transmission boxes, there are fixedly connected first transmission rods. On the outer sides of the first transmission rods, there are fixedly connected first belt pulleys. Inside the first belt pulleys, there are fixedly connected second transmission rods. On the outer sides of the second transmission rods, there are provided several quantitative components. At the fertilizing ends of the quantitative components, there are two first discharge pipes. Outside the quantitative components, there is a fertilizer bin. On the outer side of the keel, there are fixedly connected evenly distributed fixing frames. Outside the fixing frames, there is a soil crushing component. At the soil crushing end of the soil crushing component, there is a crushing wheel. On the outer side of the first transmission rod, there are also evenly distributed second belt pulleys. Inside the second belt pulleys, there is a soil collection component. At the conveying section of the soil collection component, there is a feed pipe. Outside the feed pipe, there is a fixedly connected crusher. Outside the crusher, there is a soil diversion component. At the diversion end of the soil diversion component, there is a diversion plate. In the middle section of the keel, there is a sowing component. At the sowing end of the sowing component, there is a second discharge pipe.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the quantitative component includes a transmission wheel, which is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod. The outer side of the transmission wheel is rotatably connected to a sealing box. On the outer wall of the transmission wheel, there is fixedly connected a limiting wheel, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sealing box. The sealing box is fixedly connected to the keel. The discharge end of the sealing box is fixedly connected to a connecting head. On the outer side of the connecting head, there is fixedly connected a connecting hose. On the outer side of the connecting hose, there is fixedly connected a Y-shaped joint. The two discharge ends on both sides of the Y-shaped joint are fixedly connected to the first discharge pipes. The feed end of the sealing box is communicated with the fertilizer bin and is fixedly connected to the fertilizer bin.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, on the bottom side of the middle section of the keel, there are fixedly connected evenly distributed spreading plates, which are fixedly connected to the first discharge pipes on both sides.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the soil crushing component includes a transmission pipe, which is fixedly connected to the fixing frame. The transmission end of the transmission pipe is fixedly connected to the first transmission rod. The power output end of the transmission pipe is fixedly connected to a crushing wheel.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the soil collection assembly includes a drum, the drum is rotatably connected to a second pulley, a cover plate is rotatably connected to the outside of the drum, the cover plate is fixedly connected to a transmission pipe, a uniformly distributed bucket is fixedly connected to the outside of the drum, uniformly distributed blanking holes are formed in the outside of the drum, a limiting roller is fixedly connected to the middle section inside the drum, discharge blades are fixedly connected to both sides of the limiting roller, a baffle is rotatably connected to the inside of the drum, a connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the baffle, an auger is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe, and the discharge end of the auger is fixedly connected to a feed pipe.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the soil diversion assembly includes a blanking hopper, the blanking hopper is fixedly connected to the discharge end of a pulverizer, a first discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the blanking hopper, a conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the blanking hopper, a second discharge hopper is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying pipe, a diversion plate is detachably connected to the inner side wall of the blanking hopper, a conveyor belt is arranged inside the diversion plate, and the discharge end of the conveyor belt is located on one side of the second discharge hopper.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a uniformly distributed first vibrating screen is fixedly connected to the inner side of the middle section of the keel, the first vibrating screen is located at the bottom side of the discharge end of the first discharge hopper, a uniformly distributed second vibrating screen is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer section of the keel, and the second vibrating screen is located at the bottom side of the discharge end of the second discharge hopper.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the sowing assembly includes a seed bin, the seed bin is fixedly connected to the keel, a metering assembly identical to the discharge end of the fertilizer bin is arranged at the discharge end of the seed bin, and the discharge end of the metering assembly at the bottom side of the seed bin is fixedly connected to a second discharge pipe.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a third transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the middle section of the keel, power wheels are fixedly connected to both ends of the outside of the third transmission rod, a third pulley is simultaneously fixedly connected to the outside of the third transmission rod, a fourth transmission rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the third pulley, and the fourth transmission rod is connected to the metering assembly at the bottom end of the seed bin.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, corresponding first connecting frames are fixedly connected to both sides of the top section of the keel, uniformly distributed pressure rollers are rotatably connected to the inside of the first connecting frames, and corresponding auxiliary wheels are simultaneously fixedly connected to the outside of the keel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a device for automatically ditching, sowing and fertilizing plant crops, and has the following beneficial effects: 1. An automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to the present invention uses a soil breaking component to ditch the soil, then uses a soil collection component to collect the soil broken by the soil breaking component, and uses a crusher to crush the soil. Then, through a soil diversion component, the soil is backfilled twice using a first discharge hopper, a second discharge hopper, a first vibrating screen and a second vibrating screen. Before the first backfilling, the fertilizer is transported and leveled, and then sowing is carried out before the second backfilling. Thus, a layer of soil is used to separate the fertilizer and the seeds, which can prevent the fertilizer from burning the seeds and ensure the healthy germination of the seeds. At the same time, this separation layer helps to control the fertilizer release rate, reduce fertilizer waste, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, and promote the healthy development of the root system. It can also improve the soil structure, optimize water management, prevent weed growth, enhance the stress resistance of the crops and the overall growth environment; 2. An automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to the present invention can control the thickness of the soil layers backfilled on both sides by horizontally adjusting the position of the diversion plate, which can optimize the fertilizer release and promote seed germination and root growth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional Figure 1 and enlarged view of the present invention; Figure 2 is the three-dimensional Figure 2 of the present invention; Figure 3 is the partial three-dimensional Figure 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 the partial enlarged view at A in Figure 5 is the partial three-dimensional Figure 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 is the partial three-dimensional Figure 3 of the present invention; Figure 7 is the partial three-dimensional Figure 4 of the present invention; Figure 8 is the partial three-dimensional Figure 5 of the present invention; Figure 9 is Figure 8 the partial enlarged view at B in Figure 10 is the partial three-dimensional Figure 6 of the present invention; Figure 11 is Figure 10 the partial enlarged view at C in Figure 12 is the cross-sectional view of the drum of the present invention; Figure 13 It is a cross-sectional view of the conveying pipe of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1, keel; 11, first connecting frame; 12, pressure roller; 13, second connecting frame; 14, auxiliary wheel; 2, transmission box; 21, first transmission rod; 22, first pulley; 23, second transmission rod; 24, sealing box; 25, limiting wheel; 26, transmission wheel; 27, connecting head; 28, connecting hose; 29, Y-shaped joint; 210, first discharge pipe; 211, spreading plate; 212, fertilizer bin; 3, fixing frame; 31, transmission pipe; 32, crushing wheel; 33, cover plate; 4, second pulley; 41, roller; 42, bucket; 43, blanking hole; 44, limiting roller; 45, discharge blade; 46, baffle; 47, connecting pipe; 48, auger; 49, feed pipe; 5, crusher; 51, blanking hopper; 52, first discharge hopper; 53, conveying pipe; 54, second discharge hopper; 55, shunt plate; 56, conveyor belt; 57, first vibrating screen; 58, second vibrating screen; 6, driving wheel; 61, third transmission rod; 62, third pulley; 63, fourth transmission rod; 64, seed bin; 65, second discharge pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0020] Refer to Figures 1-13, an automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops, comprising a keel 1. On both outer sides of the keel 1, opposite second connecting frames 13 are fixedly connected. The keel 1 is used to fix the second connecting frames 13 on both sides at the same time. On the outer side of the second connecting frame 13, a transmission box 2 is fixedly connected. The second connecting frame 13 is used to fix the transmission box 2. Inside the transmission box 2, a first transmission rod 21 is fixedly connected. The transmission box 2 drives the first transmission rod 21 to rotate. On the outer side of the first transmission rod 21, a first belt pulley 22 is fixedly connected. Inside the first belt pulley 22, a second transmission rod 23 is fixedly connected. The first belt pulley 22 is used to connect the first transmission rod 21 and the second transmission rod 23. Thus, the first transmission rod 21 drives the second transmission rod 23 to rotate by means of the first belt pulley 22. At the same time, the keel 1 supports and limits the first transmission rod 21 and the second transmission rod 23. A number of metering components are arranged on the outer side of the second transmission rod 23. At the fertilizing end of the metering component, there are two first discharge pipes 210. Outside the metering component, there is a fertilizer bin 212. The metering component transports the fertilizer in the fertilizer bin 212 to the field through the first discharge pipes 210. On the outer side of the keel 1, uniformly distributed fixing frames 3 are fixedly connected. The keel 1 is used to fix multiple fixing frames 3 at the same time. On the outer side of the fixing frame 3, a soil breaking component is arranged. The fixing frame 3 supports and fixes the soil breaking component. At the soil crushing end of the soil breaking component, there is a crushing wheel 32. On the outer side of the first transmission rod 21, uniformly distributed second belt pulleys 4 are also arranged. Inside the second belt pulley 4, a soil collection component is arranged. The second belt pulley 4 is used to connect and drive the first transmission rod 21 and the soil collection component. At the conveying section of the soil collection component, there is a feed pipe 49. Outside the feed pipe 49, a crusher 5 is fixedly connected. Outside the crusher 5, a soil diversion component is arranged. At the diversion end of the soil diversion component, there is a diversion plate 55. In the middle section of the keel 1, a sowing component is arranged. At the sowing end of the sowing component, there is a second discharge pipe 65.

[0021] The metering component includes a driving wheel 26 which is fixedly connected to the second driving rod 23. The driving wheel 26 is fixed by the second driving rod 23. A sealing box 24 is rotatably connected to the outside of the driving wheel 26. The driving wheel 26 is supported and limited by the sealing box 24. A metering wheel 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driving wheel 26. The metering wheel 25 is fixed by the driving wheel 26. At the same time, the second driving rod 23 drives the metering wheel 25 and the driving wheel 26 to rotate inside the sealing box 24. Thus, the metering wheel 25 meters the fertilizer and conveys it downward of the sealing box 24. Therefore, during the movement of the equipment, the conveying amount of the fertilizer is limited. The metering wheel 25 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sealing box 24. The metering wheel 25 is supported and limited by the sealing box 24. The sealing box 24 is fixedly connected to the keel 1. The sealing box 24 is fixed by the keel 1. A connecting head 27 is fixedly connected to the discharging end of the sealing box 24. A connecting hose 28 is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting head 27. The sealing box 24 and the connecting hose 28 are connected by the connecting head 27. A Y-shaped joint 29 is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting hose 28. Both discharging ends on both sides of the Y-shaped joint 29 are fixedly connected to the first discharging pipes 210. The connecting hose 28 and the first discharging pipes 210 on both sides are connected by the Y-shaped joint 29. At the same time, the fertilizer is evenly conveyed into the first discharging pipes 210 on both sides through the Y-shaped joint 29. The feeding end of the sealing box 24 is communicated with the fertilizer bin 212. And the sealing box 24 is fixedly connected to the fertilizer bin 212. The sealing box 24 is fixed by the fertilizer bin 212. At the same time, the fertilizer bin 212 continuously conveys the fertilizer into the sealing box 24.

[0022] Evenly distributed spreading plates 211 are fixedly connected to the bottom side of the middle section of the keel 1. The spreading plates 211 are fixedly connected to the first discharging pipes 210 on both sides. The spreading plates 211 are supported and fixed by the keel 1. At the same time, one end of the first discharging pipes 210 is fixed by the spreading plates 211. And at the same time, the fertilizer conveyed out by the first discharging pipes 210 is leveled by the spreading plates 211, so that the fertilizer is evenly distributed in the ditch.

[0023] The soil crushing component includes a transmission pipe 31 which is fixedly connected to the fixing frame 3. The transmission pipe 31 is supported and fixed by the fixing frame 3. The transmission pipe 31 is prior art and is driven by a pulley, which will not be described. The driving end of the transmission pipe 31 is fixedly connected to the first driving rod 21. The transmission pipe 31 is driven by the first driving rod 21. A crushing wheel 32 is fixedly connected to the power output end of the transmission pipe 31. The first driving rod 21 drives the crushing wheel 32 to rotate through the transmission pipe 31, so as to crush the soil.

[0024] The soil collection component includes a drum 41. The drum 41 is rotatably connected to a second pulley 4. A cover plate 33 is rotatably connected to the outside of the drum 41. The cover plate 33 supports the drum 41. At the same time, the drum 41 and a first transmission rod 21 are connected through the second pulley 4. Thus, the drum 41 is driven to rotate within the cover plate 33 by the first transmission rod 21 using the second pulley 4. The cover plate 33 is fixedly connected to a transmission pipe 31. The cover plate 33 is fixed through the transmission pipe 31. Uniformly distributed buckets 42 are fixedly connected to the outside of the drum 41. Multiple buckets 42 are fixed simultaneously by the drum 41. Uniformly distributed material discharge holes 43 are formed in the outside of the drum 41. The soil shoveled by the drum 41 is conveyed into the drum 41 through the material discharge holes 43. A limiting roller 44 is fixedly connected to the middle section of the inner side of the drum 41. Discharge blades 45 are fixedly connected to both sides of the limiting roller 44. The limiting roller 44 fixes the discharge blades 45. At the same time, the limiting roller 44 guides the soil, causing the soil to move to both sides. At the same time, during the rotation of the drum 41, the limiting roller 44 and the drum 41 simultaneously push the soil outward. A baffle 46 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the drum 41. The baffle 46 seals the material discharge holes 43 at the bottom side of the drum 41, thereby preventing the soil from directly falling onto the ground through the material discharge holes 43. A connecting pipe 47 is fixedly connected to the outside of the baffle 46. An auger 48 is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe 47. The baffle 46 and the auger 48 are connected through the connecting pipe 47. The discharge end of the auger 48 is fixedly connected to a feed pipe 49. The soil pushed out by the discharge blades 45 is conveyed into the feed pipe 49 by the auger 48, and the soil is conveyed into a pulverizer 5 through the feed pipe 49. Thus, the soil is finely pulverized by the pulverizer 5.

[0025] The soil diversion assembly includes a feeding hopper 51, which is fixedly connected to the discharge end of the crusher 5. The soil particles finely crushed by the crusher 5 are conveyed into the feeding hopper 51 (the crusher 5 is a prior art, referring to a sand crusher and will not be described). The bottom wall of the feeding hopper 51 is fixedly connected to a first discharge hopper 52, and the feeding hopper 51 fixes the first discharge hopper 52. The side wall of the feeding hopper 51 is fixedly connected to a conveying pipe 53, and the feeding hopper 51 fixes the conveying pipe 53. The outer wall of the conveying pipe 53 is fixedly connected to a second discharge hopper 54, and the conveying pipe 53 fixes the second discharge hopper 54. A diversion plate 55 is detachably connected to the inner side wall of the feeding hopper 51. The diversion plate 55 is fixed in the feeding hopper 51 by bolts, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the inner wall of the feeding hopper 51. The diversion plate 55 can be fixed at different positions by bolts, so that by moving the position of the diversion plate 55 in the feeding hopper 51, the diversion volume of the soil can be adjusted. A conveyor belt 56 is arranged inside the diversion plate 55 (the conveyor belt 56 has its own power source and is driven by external electricity). The discharge end of the conveyor belt 56 is located on one side of the second discharge hopper 54. The soil diverted to one side of the conveyor belt 56 by the diversion plate 55 is conveyed to one side of the second discharge hopper 54 by the conveyor belt 56.

[0026] A uniformly distributed first vibrating screen 57 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the middle section of the keel 1. The first vibrating screen 57 is located at the bottom side of the discharge end of the first discharge hopper 52. The soil conveyed out by the first discharge hopper 52 is spread evenly by the first vibrating screen 57 and evenly scattered above the fertilizer. A uniformly distributed second vibrating screen 58 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer section of the keel 1. The second vibrating screen 58 is located at the bottom side of the discharge end of the second discharge hopper 54. The soil conveyed out by the second discharge hopper 54 is spread evenly by the second vibrating screen 58 and scattered onto the ground.

[0027] The sowing assembly includes a seed bin 64, which is fixedly connected to the keel 1. The keel 1 supports and fixes the seed bin 64. A metering assembly identical to the discharge end of the fertilizer bin 212 is provided at the discharge end of the seed bin 64. The discharge end of the metering assembly at the bottom side of the seed bin 64 is fixedly connected to a second discharge pipe 65. The seeds in the seed bin 64 are evenly conveyed into the second discharge pipe 65 by the metering assembly provided below the seed bin 64, and the seeds are evenly sown onto the ground through the second discharge pipe 65. The keel 1 fixes the second discharge pipe 65. At the same time, sowing is carried out between the first soil backfill and the second backfill, so that the seeds are sown on the soil of the first backfill to separate the fertilizer and the seeds, and then the second soil backfill is responsible for covering the seeds.

[0028] A third transmission rod 61 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the middle section of the keel 1. The keel 1 supports and limits the third transmission rod 61. Both outer ends of the third transmission rod 61 are fixedly connected with power wheels 6. The third transmission rod 61 fixes the power wheels 6 on both sides at the same time. A third belt pulley 62 is also fixedly connected to the outer side of the third transmission rod 61. A fourth transmission rod 63 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the third belt pulley 62. The third belt pulley 62 connects the third transmission rod 61 and the fourth transmission rod 63. The fourth transmission rod 63 is connected to the metering assembly at the bottom end of the seed bin 64. The fourth transmission rod 63 drives the metering assembly, so as to drive the power wheels 6 during the movement of the equipment. At the same time, the power wheels 6 drive the fourth transmission rod 63 to rotate by means of the third belt pulley 62.

[0029] Corresponding first connection frames 11 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top section of the keel 1. The keel 1 fixes the first connection frames 11. Uniformly distributed pressure rollers 12 are rotatably connected to the inner sides of the first connection frames 11. The first connection frames 11 limit multiple pressure rollers 12 at the same time. Corresponding auxiliary wheels 14 are also fixedly connected to the outer side of the keel 1. The keel 1 fixes the auxiliary wheels 14, and the auxiliary wheels 14 limit the tillage depth.

[0030] Specifically, when the furrowing, sowing, and fertilizing device for this plant crop is in use: First, connect the device to an external driving device through the second connecting frame 13. At the same time, connect to the power end of the driving device through the transmission box 2. Then, drive the device to move in the field through the driving device to carry out the work. During the movement, the external driving device drives the first transmission rod 21 to rotate through the transmission box 2. At the same time, the first transmission rod 21 drives the crushing wheel 32 to rotate through the transmission pipe 31 to first crush the soil. Then, the second pulley 4 drives the roller 41 to rotate synchronously. The roller 41 drives the external bucket 42 to rotate, and the bucket 42 is used to collect the crushed soil and convey it into the roller 41 through the feeding hole 43. The limiting roller 44 in the roller 41 guides the soil. During the process, the limiting roller 44 also drives the discharge blade 45 to rotate synchronously, so as to push the soil to both sides. The inner bottom end of the roller 41 is rotatably connected with a baffle 46 to close the multiple feeding holes 43 at the bottom when the roller 41 rotates to the bottom, preventing the conveyed soil from falling to the ground through the feeding holes 43 at the bottom. Then, the soil pushed out by the discharge blade 45 enters the auger 48, and the auger 48 conveys the soil into the pulverizer 5 through the feeding pipe 49 for secondary pulverization. During the process, the first transmission rod 21 drives the metering wheel 25 and the transmission wheel 26 to rotate in the sealed box 24. At the same time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer bin 212 falls back into the groove opened on the outer side of the metering wheel 25 for metering. During the rotation, the fertilizer is conveyed downward into the connecting hose 28. Then, the fertilizer is split through the Y-shaped joint 29 and enters the first discharge pipes 210 on both sides respectively, and the fertilizer is conveyed into the field through the first discharge pipes 210 and then spread evenly around through the spreading plate 211, so that the spreading plate 211 is evenly distributed in the field. Then, the crushed soil is split through the diversion plate 55. Part of the soil directly enters the first discharge hopper 52 and falls onto the first vibrating screen 57. After the vibration of the first vibrating screen 57, the soil is flattened and then evenly scattered onto the fertilizer to cover the fertilizer. Then, during the movement of the device, the driving wheel 6 is driven to rotate. At the same time, the driving wheel 6 drives the third transmission rod 61 to rotate. The third transmission rod 61 drives the metering component below the seed bin 64 to rotate through the third pulley 62. Thus, the metering wheel 25 in the metering component meters the seeds, and the rotation of the metering wheel 25 conveys the seeds into the second discharge pipe 65, and the seeds are evenly scattered into the field through the second discharge pipe 65. Then, the other part of the soil conveyed out of the hopper 51 falls onto the conveyor belt 56, and is conveyed by the conveyor belt 56 and falls into the second vibrating screen 58 through the second discharge hopper 54, and the soil is evenly scattered onto the field through the second vibrating screen 58 for the second soil backfilling. Then, the roller 12 at the rear of the device is used to slightly flatten the soil to ensure that the soil is not too soft.Thereby reducing the contact area between the seeds and the waste and the soil.

[0031] As described above, only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated furrowing, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops, comprising a keel (1), characterized in that, On both outer sides of the keel (1), there are relatively fixed second connecting frames (13). On the outer sides of the second connecting frames (13), there is a transmission box (2) fixedly connected. Inside the transmission box (2), there is a first transmission rod (21) fixedly connected. On the outer side of the first transmission rod (21), there is a first pulley (22) fixedly connected. Inside the first pulley (22), there is a second transmission rod (23) fixedly connected. On the outer side of the second transmission rod (23), there are several metering components arranged. At the fertilizing end of the metering components, there are two first discharge pipes (210). Outside the metering components, there is a fertilizer bin (212). On the outer side of the keel (1), there are evenly distributed fixing frames (3) fixedly connected. Outside the fixing frames (3), there is a soil crushing component arranged. At the soil crushing end of the soil crushing component, there is a crushing wheel (32). On the outer side of the first transmission rod (21), there are also evenly distributed second pulleys (4) arranged. Inside the second pulleys (4), there is a soil collection component arranged. At the conveying section of the soil collection component, there is a feed pipe (49). On the outer side of the feed pipe (49), there is a pulverizer (5) fixedly connected. Outside the pulverizer (5), there is a soil diversion component arranged. At the diversion end of the soil diversion component, there is a diversion plate (55). In the middle section of the keel (1), there is a seeding component arranged. At the seeding end of the seeding component, there is a second discharge pipe (65).

2. The automated ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 1, wherein The metering component includes a transmission wheel (26), which is fixedly connected to the second transmission rod (23). On the outer side of the transmission wheel (26), there is a sealed box (24) rotatably connected. On the outer wall of the transmission wheel (26), there is a metering wheel (25) fixedly connected, and the metering wheel (25) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sealed box (24). The sealed box (24) is fixedly connected to the keel (1). At the discharge end of the sealed box (24), there is a connection head (27) fixedly connected. On the outer side of the connection head (27), there is a connection hose (28) fixedly connected. On the outer side of the connection hose (28), there is a Y-shaped joint (29) fixedly connected. The discharge ends on both sides of the Y-shaped joint (29) are fixedly connected to the first discharge pipes (210). The feed end of the sealed box (24) is communicated with the fertilizer bin (212), and the sealed box (24) is fixedly connected to the fertilizer bin (212).

3. An automated furrowing, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 2, wherein At the bottom side of the middle section of the keel (1), there are evenly distributed spreading plates (211) fixedly connected. The spreading plates (211) are fixedly connected to the first discharge pipes (210) on both sides.

4. An automated ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 3, characterized in that, The soil crushing component includes a transmission pipe (31), which is fixedly connected to the fixing frame (3). The driving end of the transmission pipe (31) is fixedly connected to the first transmission rod (21). The power output end of the transmission pipe (31) is fixedly connected to a crushing wheel (32).

5. An automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 4, characterized in that, The soil collection component includes a drum (41), the drum (41) is rotationally connected to a second pulley (4), a cover plate (33) is rotationally connected to the outside of the drum (41), the cover plate (33) is fixedly connected to a transmission pipe (31), uniformly distributed buckets (42) are fixedly connected to the outside of the drum (41), uniformly distributed blanking holes (43) are formed in the outside of the drum (41), a limiting roller (44) is fixedly connected to the middle section inside the drum (41), discharge blades (45) are fixedly connected to both sides of the limiting roller (44), a baffle (46) is rotationally connected to the inside of the drum (41), a connecting pipe (47) is fixedly connected to the outside of the baffle (46), an auger (48) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe (47), and the discharge end of the auger (48) is fixedly connected to a feed pipe (49).

6. The automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 5, characterized in that, The soil shunting component includes a blanking hopper (51), the blanking hopper (51) is fixedly connected to the discharge end of a pulverizer (5), a first discharge hopper (52) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the blanking hopper (51), a conveying pipe (53) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the blanking hopper (51), a second discharge hopper (54) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the conveying pipe (53), a shunting plate (55) is detachably connected to the inner side wall of the blanking hopper (51), a conveyor belt (56) is arranged inside the shunting plate (55), and the discharge end of the conveyor belt (56) is located on one side of the second discharge hopper (54).

7. An automated ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 6, characterized in that, Uniformly distributed first vibrating sieves (57) are fixedly connected to the middle section inside of the keel (1), the first vibrating sieves (57) are located at the bottom side of the discharge end of the first discharge hopper (52), uniformly distributed second vibrating sieves (58) are fixedly connected to the outer section inside of the keel (1), and the second vibrating sieves (58) are located at the bottom side of the discharge end of the second discharge hopper (54).

8. An automated ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sowing component includes a seed bin (64), the seed bin (64) is fixedly connected to the keel (1), a metering component identical to the discharge end of a fertilizer bin (212) is arranged at the discharge end of the seed bin (64), and the discharge end of the metering component at the bottom side of the seed bin (64) is fixedly connected to a second discharge pipe (65).

9. The automated furrowing, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 8, characterized in that, A third transmission rod (61) is rotationally connected to the middle section inside of the keel (1), power wheels (6) are fixedly connected to both ends of the outside of the third transmission rod (61), a third pulley (62) is simultaneously fixedly connected to the outside of the third transmission rod (61), a fourth transmission rod (63) is fixedly connected to the outside of the third pulley (62), and the fourth transmission rod (63) is connected to the metering component at the bottom end of the seed bin (64).

10. The automatic ditching, sowing and fertilizing device for plant crops according to claim 9, characterized in that, Corresponding first connecting frames (11) are fixedly connected to both sides of the top section of the keel (1), uniformly distributed pressure rollers (12) are rotationally connected to the inside of the first connecting frames (11), and corresponding auxiliary wheels (14) are simultaneously fixedly connected to the outside of the keel (1).

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