Automatic adjusting device for wheat precision seeding and variable fertilization

Abstract

An automatic adjusting device for wheat precision seeding and variable fertilization mainly relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery seeding and comprises a first supporting piece and a second supporting piece which are oppositely arranged on a base, a first motor is arranged on the outer side of the first supporting piece, and a second motor is arranged on the outer side of the second supporting piece. An output shaft of the first motor penetrates through the first supporting piece and then is connected with a spiral groove seed-metering device provided with a plurality of spiral seed-metering grooves in the circumferential direction, an output shaft of the second motor penetrates through the second supporting piece and then is connected with a lead screw, a nut seat is arranged on the lead screw in a matched mode and connected with the upper end of a guide rod, and the lower end of the guide rod is arranged in a guide groove in the base. The nut seat is rotationally connected with one end of the sleeve through a bearing, a plurality of convex blocks matched with the spiral seed-metering grooves in section shape are arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the sleeve in the circumferential direction, and the convex blocks are arranged in the corresponding spiral seed-metering grooves. According to the device, the rotation of the spiral groove seed-metering device is matched with the linear motion of the sleeve to realize the real-time precision seeding and variable rate fertilization of wheat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery seeding, and particularly relates to an automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization. Background Art

[0002] When sowing and fertilizing wheat, when adjusting the seeding rate and fertilization rate according to different wheat varieties and soil conditions, it is mostly manually adjusted. For example, the patent with the application number 201721708145.2 discloses a precise wheat seeding device. A seed metering device and a seed tube are connected to the lower end of the seed box. A rotating shaft passes through the middle of the seed metering device and both ends of the rotating shaft are installed on the frame. A seed quantity regulator is fixed on the rotating shaft. The seed quantity regulator is located inside the seed metering device and has seed positioning holes with different densities on it. By pulling the rotating shaft with a pull rod at the end of the rotating shaft, the position of the seed quantity regulator inside the seed metering device is changed, and the adjustment of the seeding rate is realized by means of seed positioning holes with different densities. The defect of the foregoing manual adjustment method is that: before sowing or fertilizing, the machine needs to be stopped, the pull rod is manually driven to change the position of the seed quantity regulator, and the seeding rate and fertilization rate cannot be adjusted in real time online; operation data such as the seeding rate and fertilization rate cannot be generated, which easily leads to too much or too little seeding rate or fertilization rate, affecting the growth and yield of wheat. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the foregoing technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide an automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to the present invention includes a base, a first support member and a second support member oppositely arranged on the base. A first motor is arranged on the outer side of the first support member facing away from the second support member, and a second motor is arranged on the outer side of the second support member facing away from the first support member. The output shaft of the first motor passes through the first support member and is connected to a spiral groove seed metering device, and the spiral groove seed metering device is provided with a plurality of spiral seed metering grooves along the circumferential direction. The output shaft of the second motor passes through the second support member and is connected to a lead screw, and a nut seat is arranged on the lead screw. The nut seat is connected to the upper end of a guide rod, and the lower end of the guide rod is placed in a guide groove parallel to the axial direction of the lead screw on the base. The nut seat is rotatably connected to one end of a sleeve through a bearing. The inner wall of the other end of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of protrusions adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the spiral seed metering grooves along the circumferential direction, and each protrusion is placed in a corresponding spiral seed metering groove.

[0005] Further, the nut seat has a flange structure, and the upper end of the guide rod is connected to the flange structure by bolts.

[0006] Further, the spiral seed metering groove and the protrusion are in clearance fit.

[0007] Furthermore, a micro convex edge is arranged inside the spiral seed metering groove along its length direction, so that the axial section of the spiral seed metering groove is ω-shaped.

[0008] Furthermore, both the first support member and the second support member have a connecting portion parallel to the base, and the connecting portion is bolted to the base.

[0009] Furthermore, both the first support member and the second support member are sheet metal parts.

[0010] Furthermore, a through hole for the material spreading pipe to pass through is provided through the base below the spiral groove seed metering device.

[0011] Furthermore, an optical fiber sensor for measuring the actual value of the material falling is arranged on the material spreading pipe. The optical fiber sensor is wirelessly connected to the control terminal on the seeder or fertilizer applicator, and the first motor and the second motor are electrically connected to the control terminal on the seeder or fertilizer applicator respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, both the first motor and the second motor are stepper motors.

[0013] With the foregoing technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] (1) The device adjusts the seeding speed of the spiral groove seed metering device (i.e., adjusts the seeding amount) by adjusting the speed of the first motor through the control terminal on the seeder or fertilizer applicator. At the same time, the linear motion of the sleeve can be controlled by the second motor to adjust the position of the sleeve on the spiral groove seed metering device, and further adjust the opening size of the spiral seed metering groove, thereby realizing the real-time adjustment of the required seeding and fertilizing amounts and the precise seeding and variable fertilization of wheat.

[0015] (2) The rotation of the spiral groove seed metering device and the linear motion of the sleeve in the device can form a compound motion mechanism, and the two motions do not interfere with each other, which can ensure the independent control and simultaneous execution of the rotational motion of the spiral groove seed metering device and the linear motion of the sleeve, thereby realizing the real-time online adjustment of the seeding and fertilizing amounts and effectively improving the uniformity of the seeding and fertilizing amounts.

[0016] (3) The optical fiber sensor provided can accurately measure the actual required seeding and fertilizing amounts, generate actual operation data and upload it to the control terminal of the seeder or fertilizer applicator to provide data support for real-time online adjustment, avoiding the situation that manual adjustment is likely to cause excessive or insufficient seeding or fertilizing amounts, which is beneficial to the growth of wheat and increases the yield of wheat.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specific preferred embodiments are given and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of an automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic connection view of one end of the middle sleeve and the nut seat.

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a spiral groove seed metering device of an automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the other end of the sleeve of an automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to the present invention.

[0022]

Reference Numerals

[0023] 1, base; 2, first support member; 3, second support member; 4, first motor; 5, second motor; 501, lead screw; 6, spiral groove seed metering device; 601, spiral seed metering groove; 7, sleeve; 701, convex block; 8, nut seat; 9, guide member; 10, guide groove; 11, bearing; 12, through hole. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0024] The features and preferred embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The following description of the embodiments is only provided to better understand the present invention by way of illustration of examples of the present invention. In the drawings and the following description, at least some of the well-known structures and prior art are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention; and, for clarity, the dimensions and shapes of some structures may be exaggerated. The features, structures or characteristics described below may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or quantity.

[0025] The orientation terms used in the following description are all the directions shown in the drawings and do not limit the specific structure of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] Such asFigure 1 As shown in the figure, an automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable fertilization of the present invention includes a base 1 for connecting to the seeder frame or the fertilizer applicator frame, a first support member 2 and a second support member 3 oppositely arranged on the base 1. In this embodiment, both the first support member 2 and the second support member 3 are sheet metal parts and both have a connecting portion parallel to the base 1, and this connecting portion is bolted to the base 1; a first motor 4 is arranged on the outer side of the first support member 2 facing away from the second support member 3. The first motor 4 is a stepper motor. The output shaft of the first motor 4 passes through the first support member 2 and is connected to the spiral groove seed metering device 6. By controlling the rotation speed of the first motor 4, the seeding speed of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 can be adjusted; please refer to Figure 3 , a plurality of spiral seed metering grooves 601 are arranged on the outer wall of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 in a circumferential distribution; when the automatic adjustment device is installed on a seeder or a fertilizer applicator, a hopper for supplying seeds or fertilizers into the spiral seed metering grooves 601 is arranged above the spiral groove seed metering device 6, and a through hole 12 for the seeding pipe to pass through is arranged on the base below the spiral groove seed metering device 6. An optical fiber sensor is also arranged on the seeding pipe for measuring the data of the actual falling seeding amount, and the optical fiber sensor is wirelessly connected to a control terminal arranged on the seeder or the fertilizer applicator.

[0027] As Figure 2 shown in the figure, a second motor 5 is arranged on the outer side of the second support member 3 facing away from the first support member 2. The second motor 5 is also a stepper motor. The output shaft of the second motor 5 passes through the second support member 3 and is connected to a lead screw 501, and a nut seat 8 is arranged on the lead screw 501. Specifically, the internal thread of the nut seat 8 is precisely matched with the external thread of the lead screw 501; the nut seat 8 has a flange structure, and the flange structure is connected to the upper end of the guide rod 9. In this embodiment, it is bolted. The lower end of the guide rod 9 is placed in a guide groove 10 arranged on the base 1 parallel to the axial direction of the lead screw 501; the nut seat 8 is rotatably connected to one end of a sleeve 7 through a bearing 11. Specifically, the outer diameter of the threaded seat 8 and the inner diameter of the inner ring of the bearing 11 are in interference fit, and the outer diameter of the outer ring of the bearing 11 and the inner diameter of one end of the sleeve 7 are also in interference fit. Through the foregoing assembly method, the coaxiality and assembly accuracy of the overall structure of the lead screw 501, the nut seat 8, the bearing 11, and the guide member 9 are ensured; when the lead screw 501 rotates, under the action of the nut seat 8 and the guide member 9, the rotational motion is converted into the precise linear motion of the sleeve 7; as Figure 4 shown in the figure, the other end of the sleeve 7 is connected to the spiral groove seed metering device 6. A plurality of protrusions 701 adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the spiral seed metering grooves 601 are arranged on its inner wall in a circumferential direction, and each protrusion 701 is placed in a corresponding spiral seed metering groove 601, and the spiral seed metering groove 601 and the protrusion 701 are in clearance fit, so that the protrusion 701 can make a relative motion along the spiral groove seed metering device 601.

[0028] When the second motor 5 is started, the second motor 5 drives the lead screw 501 to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw 501 drives the nut seat 8 to move. Also, since the flange structure on the nut seat 8 is connected to one end of the guide member 9, and the other end of the guide member 9 is placed in the guide groove 10, due to the restriction of the guide member 9 and the guide groove 10, the nut seat 8 does not rotate and moves linearly in the left - right direction together with the guide member 9 (at this time, the guide member 9 moves in the guide groove 10). The nut seat 8 is connected to one end of the sleeve 7 through a bearing 11. At this time, under the action of the bearing 11, the lead screw 501, and the nut seat 8, the sleeve 7 also moves linearly in the left - right direction. When the sleeve 7 moves left - right, the convex block 701 on the inner wall of the other end of the sleeve 7 moves in the spiral seed - metering groove 601 of the spiral seed - metering device 6. Due to their assembly method, the sleeve 7 rotates when moving linearly in the left - right direction. Therefore, when only the second motor is started, under the action of the spiral seed - metering groove 601, the bearing 11, the lead screw 501, and the nut seat 8, the sleeve 7 moves linearly in the left - right direction while rotating. Thus, by controlling the second motor 5, the position of the convex block 701 at the other end of the sleeve 7 in the spiral seed - metering groove 601 can be adjusted, and then the opening size of the spiral seed - metering groove 601 can be accurately controlled. When it is determined that the sleeve 7 is in the appropriate position, the second motor stops working, and at this time, the spiral seed - metering device 6 is also stationary. Further, when only the first motor 4 is started, the first motor 4 drives the spiral seed - metering device 6 to rotate (adjusting the seeding speed), thereby driving the sleeve 7 to rotate together. At this time, the second motor 5 is not started, so the sleeve 7 only rotates accordingly and does not move. When the first motor 4 and the second motor 5 are started simultaneously, the rotational movement of the spiral seed - metering device 6 and the linear movement of the sleeve 7 form a compound - movement cooperation structure, and their movements can be carried out simultaneously without interference.

[0029] Further, the first motor 4 and the second motor 5 are respectively electrically connected to the control terminal on the seeder or fertilizer applicator. The control terminal will preset the predetermined values of the seeding rate and the fertilizing rate, and set the rotational speeds of the first motor 4 and the second motor 5. The actual values of the seeding rate and the fertilizing rate recorded by the fiber optic sensor will be uploaded to the control terminal for comparison with the predetermined values, and then the required seeding rate and fertilizing rate will be automatically adjusted.

[0030] With the foregoing technical solution, the device automatically adjusts the seeding speed of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 by controlling the rotation speed of the first motor 4 through the control terminal, controls the sleeve 7 to make a linear reciprocating motion in the left-right direction through the second motor 5, and then adjusts the opening size of the spiral seed metering groove 601. Through the cooperation of the rotation of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 and the linear reciprocating motion of the sleeve 7, not only the accurate control of the seeding rate and the automatic adjustment of variable fertilization are realized, but also the uniformity of seeding and fertilization can be effectively improved, and the phenomena of missed seeding and blockage can be effectively reduced, which not only improves the seeding performance but also increases the wheat yield. In addition, the rotation of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 and the linear motion of the sleeve 7 form a compound motion cooperation mechanism, which can simultaneously and real-time control the seeding speed of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 and the position of the sleeve 7 on the spiral groove seed metering device 6 (that is, control the opening size of the spiral seed metering groove 601) without interference, so as to achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the wheat seeding rate or fertilization rate, and effectively improving the uniformity and quality of seeding and fertilization.

[0031] The specific working principle of an automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable fertilization of the present invention is as follows: First, install the base of the automatic adjustment device on the frame of the seeder or fertilizer applicator, and connect the upper side of the spiral groove seed metering device to the material box and the lower side of the spiral groove seed metering device to the seed discharging pipe. The control terminal on the seeder or fertilizer applicator sets the preset values of the seeding rate and fertilization rate and the rotation speeds of the first motor 4 and the second motor 5. Then, import the seeds or fertilizers into the material box, start the second motor 5 to make the sleeve 7 rotate while making a linear motion, so as to determine the position of the sleeve 7 on the spiral groove seed metering device 6, and then preliminarily determine the opening size of the spiral seed metering groove 601. Then, turn off the second motor 5, start the first motor 4 to drive the spiral groove seed metering device 6 to rotate, and the sleeve 7 rotates but does not move under the rotation of the spiral groove seed metering device 6, so that the seeds or fertilizers are discharged from the spiral seed metering groove 601 into the seed discharging pipe. At this time, the fiber optic sensor measures the actual falling material data and uploads it to the control terminal for comparison with the preset value set at the beginning. When the error is small, the control terminal can directly adjust the rotation speed of the first motor 4 to finely adjust the seeding speed of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 to accurately control the seeding rate and fertilization rate; when the error is large, start the second motor 5 to automatically adjust the position of the sleeve 7 on the spiral groove seed metering device 6, and then adjust the opening size of the spiral seed metering groove 601. The first motor 4 adjusts the seeding speed of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 in real time, and re-measures the actual falling material data until there is no error or the error is very small, then turn off the second motor 5, that is, complete the real-time accurate control and automatic adjustment of the wheat seeding and fertilization rates.

[0032] In other embodiments of the present invention, the first support member 2 and the second support member 3 can also be made of other materials.

[0033] In other embodiments of the present invention, the connecting portion parallel to the base on the support member can be omitted, and at this time, the first support member 2 and the second support member 3 are directly welded to the base 1.

[0034] In other embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of spiral seed discharging grooves 601 with a double concave groove type (i.e., the axial section is ω-shaped) are arranged on the outer wall of the spiral groove seed metering device 6 in the circumferential direction. A micro convex edge is arranged inside each spiral seed discharging groove 601 along its length direction to realize the secondary division of the space inside the groove. With the spiral seed discharging groove 601 with the ω-shaped section described above, the wheat grains are secondarily divided in a single spiral groove by the micro convex edge, so that the wheat seeds can be regularly sorted in the spiral groove on the seed metering device, thereby reducing the phenomenon of overlapping material dropping.

[0035] In other embodiments of the present invention, the flange structure of the nut seat 8 can also be omitted, and at this time, the right end face of the nut seat 8 can be directly connected to the upper end of the guide rod 9.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. Any other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention, as long as they do not depart from the design and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable fertilization, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a first support member (2) and a second support member (3) which are oppositely arranged on the base (1). A first motor (4) is arranged on the outer side of the first support member (2) facing away from the second support member (3), and a second motor (5) is arranged on the outer side of the second support member (3) facing away from the first support member (2). The output shaft of the first motor (4) passes through the first support member (2) and is connected to a spiral groove seed metering device (6), and a number of spiral seed metering grooves (601) are arranged circumferentially on the spiral groove seed metering device (6). The output shaft of the second motor (5) passes through the second support member (2) and is connected to a lead screw (501), and a nut seat (8) is arranged on the lead screw (501). The nut seat (8) is connected to the upper end of a guide rod (9), and the lower end of the guide rod (9) is placed in a guide groove (10) parallel to the axial direction of the lead screw (501) on the base (1). The nut seat (8) is rotatably connected to one end of a sleeve (7) through a bearing (11). A number of protrusions (701) adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the spiral seed metering grooves (601) are arranged circumferentially on the inner wall of the other end of the sleeve (7), and each protrusion (701) is placed in a corresponding spiral seed metering groove (601).

2. The automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nut seat (8) has a flange structure, and the upper end of the guide rod (9) is connected to the flange structure by bolts.

3. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral seed metering grooves (601) and the protrusions (701) are in clearance fit.

4. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: Miniature convex edges are arranged along the length direction inside the spiral seed metering grooves (601) so that the axial section of the spiral seed metering grooves (601) is in a ω shape.

5. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first support member (2) and the second support member (3) have connecting parts parallel to the base (1), and the connecting parts are connected to the base (1) by bolts.

6. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first support member (2) and the second support member (3) are sheet metal parts.

7. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole (12) for the seeding pipe to pass through is arranged through the base below the spiral groove seed metering device (6).

8. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to claim 7, characterized in that: An optical fiber sensor for measuring the actual value of the material falling is arranged on the seeding pipe. The optical fiber sensor is wirelessly connected to a control terminal on the seeder or fertilizer applicator, and the first motor (4) and the second motor (5) are respectively electrically connected to the control terminal on the seeder or fertilizer applicator.

9. An automatic adjustment device for precise wheat seeding and variable rate fertilization according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Both the first motor (4) and the second motor (5) adopt stepping motors.

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